26 P2P Reduction of search packets by sharing peer information in P2P communication 1175073 2015 2 27
P2P P2P Winny 3 P2P 15 20 P2P 1 P2P, i
Abstract Reduction of search packets by sharing peer information in P2P communication KIMURA Norio In recent years, the traffic on the Internet have been increasing rapidly and have caused several problems. The number of users, who use the three major peer-to-peer file sharing applications such as Winny, reaches 150,000-200,000, in the reports by research companies. Overlay networks are built to achieve efficient communication by P2P applications. However, when peers use more than one P2P application, each P2P application has to manage its overlay networks. Specifically, the P2P application has to renew overlay networks depending on peers behaviors such as participation to a network. In my proposal method, one overlay network is built and it is used by multiple P2P applications. By sharing this information of overlay network, it is possible to omit duplicated network participation processes of peers and it is possible to decrease traffic depending on network management. key words P2P, Overlay network ii
1 1 2 P2P 3 2.1 P2P..................... 4 2.1.1 Gnutella................................ 4 2.1.2 Winny................................. 5 2.1.3 BitTorrent............................... 6 2.2 P2P....... 7 2.2.1 P4P.................................. 8 2.2.2 ALTO................................. 8 3 10 3.1.......................... 10 3.2.......................... 12 3.3................................... 13 3.4................................... 13 4 14 4.1............................ 14 4.2....................... 16 4.3............................ 17 4.4...................................... 18 5 20 21 iii
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2.1.............................. 3 2.2................................ 4 2.3 Winny......................... 6 2.4 BitTorrent.......................... 7 2.5 ALTO............................ 9 3.1 P2P......... 11 3.2.................... 12 4.1.......................... 15 4.2 1000.................... 17 4.3 1000............ 18 4.4 2000............ 18 4.5 3000............ 19 v
1 Cisco [1] 5 5 5 3 P2P 2013 84 2018 60 NetAgent [2] WinnySharePerfect Dark 3 P2P 1520 P2P P2P P2P P2P ISP 1
ISP ISP ISP 2
2 P2P 2.1 2.1 P2PPeer to Peer 2.1 P2P P2P P2P 3
2.1 P2P P2P 2 P2P 2.1 P2P P2P GnutellaWinnyBitTorrent P2P [3][4][5] 2.1.1 Gnutella Gnutella P2P 2.2 2.2 4
2.1 P2P TTLTime to Live) Web Gnutella 2.1.2 Winny Winny Gnutella P2P Winny 2.3 Winny 5
2.1 P2P 2.3 Winny 2.1.3 BitTorrent BitTorrent Gnutella Winny P2P BitTorrent Tracker 2.4 torrent torrent Tracker URL URL Tracker Tracker Tracker 6
2.2 P2P 2.4 BitTorrent BitTorrent swarm 2.2 P2P P2P ISP P2P 7
2.2 P2P 2.2.1 P4P P4P Provider Portal for ApplicationsISP P2P ISP [6] ISP P2P P4P ISP itrackers itrackers P2P apptracker itrackers itrackers ISP ISP 2.2.2 ALTO ALTO Application-Layer Traffic Optimization IETFInternet Engineering Task Force [7]P4P P4P ISP P2P ISP ALTO P2P ALTO AppTracker ISP ALTO AppTracker ISP ISP 8
2.2 P2P ALTO ISP P2P $%& '()&*+! "!#,.- 2.5 ALTO 9
3 P2P P2P P2P 1 1 P2P 3.1 P2P P2P P2P 10
3.1 P2P P2P ALTO P4P ISP ISP 3.1 P2P! "# 3.1 P2P 3.2 P2P 3.2 A A E C B B D C 3.2 A, B C 2 2 11
3.2 %!&#"#$! #"#$ 3.2 C 3.2 RTTRound-Trip Time P2P 12
3.3 3.3 3.4 P2P 13
4 4.1 2 1 2 [8] IP RTT 4.1 4.1 A B E F 4.1 A B E F 4.1 14
4.1 4.1 RTT 1 2 15
4.2 4.2 1000 3000 1000 0% 100% 10% 4.1 4.1 ID 129.691 32.939 140.331 35.797 138.541 35.639 139.100 36.291 1000 1000 1000 1000 4.2 A B A A α 500 B β 500 2 α β 1000 16
4.3 4.2 1000 4.3 4.3 1000 4.4 2000 4.5 3000 2 0% 100% 10% 4.3 4.5 0%10% 1000 3000 17
4.4 "!$#% '&)(+*,.-!$#% /&)(* 4.3 1000! #"%$& ('*),+ -/. "%$& ('*),+ 4.4 2000 4.4 2 18
4.4 "!$#&%' )(+*-,.0/ #&%' 1(+*2, 4.5 3000 1 2 3 19
5 P2P 3 P2P 1520 P2P 1 1 1 2 20
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