04-西城惠一-3.02



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Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Ser. E, 30, pp. 33 44, December 21, 2007 169 0073 3 23 1 Prism Binoculars Made by Tokyo Gas and Electric Corporation Keiichi SAIJO and Takashi NAKAJIMA Department of Science and Engineering, National Museum of Nature and Science, 3 23 1 Hyakunin-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169 0073, Japan Abstract A newly acquired prism binoculars is confirmed a product made by Optical factory of Tokyo Gas and Electric Corporation from the mark printed on the binoculars. The optical factory of Tokyo Gas and Electric Corporation is established and started in Taisyo 7 (1918) as second optical company according to the national military policy. But actual products of this company are not clear by now. After detailed study of the binoculars and comparison with two binoculars made at that time, one by Fujii Optical Works, which is a predecessor of Nippon Kougaku Kougyo, a first optical company founded to the national policy, and the other is made by Nippon Kougaku Kougyo, we can found technical characteristics of Takabayashi Optical Factory, a predecessor of The optical factory of Tokyo Gas and Electric Corporation. Genealogy of optical technology at that time is also given in this paper. Key words : binoculars, domestic product, technical background, optical industry 1. 1) 2) 3)

34 4) 5) 2. 6 8 8 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) 11) 7 43 13)

35 3. 3.1 6 14) 15) 10 16) 7 9 14 11 17) 15 2 18) 19 19) 500 20) 21 21) 25 22) 23) 24) 25)

36 26) 150 7 27) 42 6 23.5 mm 28) 3.2 41 7 5 29) 30) 44 8 20 mm 31) 32) 44 6 33) 150 34)

37 35) 36) 1 2 T.G.E.Co 4. 3 No. 105 15 40 mm 37) 8 2. 1. 8 20 3. 1917 TGE-A

38 3 A No. 3 8 20.73 mm 8 40 148 mm 43 mm 63 mm 104 mm 0 470 g Z A No. 3 8 56 7460 70 0 5 0 10 20.73 mm21 mm 8 40 mm 8 2 (6 24) 6 30 mm 38) 6 40 mm A No. 3 8 20 mm 40 mm 30 mm 6 24 mm 25 mm B No. 2 (7 30) B No. 1 (6 30) No. 3 5. 5.1

4 2 3 297 97 63 5 A D 4. 39 3 12 0.8 mm 20 mm 0.04 mm

西城惠一 中島 隆 40 図 5 A. 左鏡体接眼側の打刻印 図 5 C. 左鏡体対物側の打刻印 図 5 B. 図 5 D. 右鏡体接眼側の打刻印 に取り付け カバー未装着で行われるが 箔では 重ねることで段階的にはプリズムに傾斜を与えこ とはできるものの 連続的な量ではないため 微 調整には箔の大きさのうちプリズムの長手方向 箔の幅でプリズム押さえとほぼ同じ長さ と直 角にあたる 箔の縦の長さで調整するしかなく 熟練と手間を必要とし 生産性からは良い方式で はない 調整完了後は改めて本組み立てが行われ るが そのときには本機でも残存が確認できる防 右鏡体対物側の打刻印 水用の油土 粘土状 を鏡体カバーの装着時に充 填し 改めて接眼部の組み立て直し 対物部を装 着して本格的な最終組み立てが終了する 本機が 如何なる理由でこの軸調整方式を採用したかを示 す根拠は 構造上からは確認できない 接眼側でも接眼部外筒はカバーの固定も兼ね 本体にねじ込まれているのは対物側と同様である 左右の接眼部は 6 条の多条ねじによる回転運動 で接眼部が伸縮して合焦する 単独調整式を採用

41 6. 6 6 6 5.2 1.85 mm 22.4 mm 5.5 mm 2 0.8 2.8 mm 1 2 2 3 40 3.5 mm 16.8 mm 4.5 mm 4.3 mm 15.5 mm 240

42 2 180 (ACE OPTICAL Co. No. 38) 10 30 JIS 6. VICTOR No. 5 EXCEL No. 5 7 0.05 mm 7. VICTOR No. 5 EXCEL No. 5 0.05 mm 2 20% 8 20% 40% 40% 60% 60% 80% 80% VICTOR No. 5 4 5 EXCEL No. 5 VICTOR No. 5 EXCEL No. 5 3

43 7. 2 1 STAR 8 1 8 8STAR ZENITH 2 3 8 8 6 39) 8. 8 A No. 3 1 40 mm 10 12 40) 7 12 9. 8. STAR 8 7

44 5 7 2 41) 18046018 1) 1932 55 60 2) 1955 67 68 3) 2) 67, 68 4) 1977 103 5) 1928 15 No. 105 6) 2) 9 11126, 127 7) 2) 3651 8) 2) 174, 175 9) 1) 78 90 10) 1) 64 68 11) 1960 474, 475 12) 2) 67, 68 14) 4) 28, 29 15) 4) 29 16) 4) 50 17) 4) 54 18) 4) 54 19) 4) 55 20) 4) 55 21) 4) 55, 56 22) 4) 56 23) 4) 56, 57 24) 2) 68 25) 4) 103 26) 4) 104 27) 4) 57, 58 28) 2006 E Vol. 29, pp. 15 28. 29) 1943. 41 46 30) 4) 701) 20 31) 29) 41 46 32) 29) 246 257 33) 1) 435 34) 1) 24 35) 1) 3 36) 1) 735 37) 5) 38) 1914 39) 2) 27 40) 2) 68 41) 2) 7781, 82