No55 (2005) Bull.Tochigi Agr.Exp.Stn.No55. (2005) Strawberry Cultivation: Using Pests Natural Enemies and Other Methods as a System of Pest Control Mutsuko WakamasuMiyako YamashiroShinya KebukawaTsutomu Imura and Misato Deguchi Summary: Experimenting with a different form of pest control, evidence was gathered on the effectiveness of natural enemies, pesticides and methods used to fight and control the strawberry s main pests. Pyriproxyfentape was highly effective against Trialeurodes vaporariorum; from the time tests were set up in November through to the end of cultivation, we saw a comparatively low density of the pest. We also saw a steady effect of Phytoseiulus persimilis on strawberry pests, Tetranycus urticae and Tetranycus kanzawai. Also, after an initial preventative release at the beginning and a follow-up release in spring time we noticed a possibility that there would be a marked decrease in the concentration of spider mites. Aphidius colemani was effective in controlling the level of Aphis gossypii, however Orius strigicollis wasn t all that effective against thrips, and was discarded as serving no practical use in pest control. Following exposure to a yellow florescent lamp we did notice a decrease in the concentration of Spodoptera litura, however not enough to warrant reducing the application of agricultural chemicals. In examining three years of experimental evidence we can suggest a possible pest control system; by implementing a new standard of pest control and introducing Pyriproxyfentape and Phytoseiulus persimilis, farmers will be able to reduce the application of agricultural chemicals by one third. Keywordsstrawberry plants, Pyriproxyfentape, Phytoseiulus persimilis, Aphidius colemani, Orius strigicollis 1) 2) (2005.7.29.) 33
587.2ha 2,268 2005 252 3,600 2003 9 Trialeurodes vaporariorum Spodoptera litura Phytoseiulus persimilis 1) 1966 2) 1995 35) 2001 2003 3 1a 500 1 1 13 13 2001 9 11 100 3 2 23 25 8 Aphidius colemani Amblyseirus cucumeris Orius strigicollis 4 34
100 50 7 20W 1m 3m 1 10m 2 4 2 10 25 9 2 4.1lx 2.3lx 2002 9 11 2001 4 2001 100 3 200 100 2001 2003 9 10 100 4 2 24 2003 11 18 0.8 35
4 2002 200 200 5 6 200 a 2001 10 0.4 3 2002 12 11 4 2003 11 13 10 0.9 2.6 12 4 4 16 5 4 5 3 4 5 2001 2003 Tetranychus urticae 2002 Tetranychus kanzawai Panonychus citri 2001 11 16 0.3 11 22 29 12 1 2 2 8 15 2 15 4.3 6 2002 1 2 27 10 1.4 2 27 3 4 3 4 5 22 10 2.7 7 4 3 5 21 Polyphagotarsonemus latus 4 24 37 7 36
2003 10 11 6 10 3.1 11 6 13 1 7 10 1.2 2 2 3 4 4 3 4 14 10 43.7 4 16 4 21 10 126.1 4 28 10 16.9 8 2001 2003 6 8 2002 3 37
5 21 5 29 10 68.8 7 2001 10 Aphis gossypii 11 9 0.3 11 22 29 1 12 2 2 26 9 3 9 2001 2003 3 Frankliniella intonsa 2001 12 11 2 11 10 38
3 4 8 IGR 4 11 10 27.2 3 10 3 8 5 10 10 0.2 2002 1 2 3 4 11 3 2 4 4 24 5 1 11 5 16 52229 2003 12 3 10 1.6 4 4 7 10 1.8 5 6 10 4.4 12 4 7 10 0.05 5 6 200 3 12 2 3 7 10 0.2 10 39
0.1 2001 4 8 IGR 10 1.2 5 10 2002 3 13 10 1.4 3 20 10 1.4 3 20 4 11 2003 11 19 12 5 2 3 4 14 10 1.5 4 16 12 1.2lx 2 1lx 12 1 5 2002 5 9 6 6 100 0.20.4 10 100 2 13 1 40
2003 14 2 7 2 3 7 10 15 1/3 3 a 11,618 a 6,000 9 2,368 10 41
IPM 6) Tetranychus 7) 2001 2003 2002 2002 Panonychus 23 2004 4 10 2001 Aphidoletes aphidimyza 8) 12 4) Frankliniella occidentalis 9) Thrips palmi 10) 11) 12) 3 1 0,000 13) 14) 15) 16) 3 15 42
20012002 1/2 12 1/3 2003 3 2003 a 2,368 11,618 1718 6,000 1/2 6 1 3,920 1/3 IPM IPM IPM 2003 pp296 1977 pp1-4 1992 39221-222 1995 4196-101 1997 51321-325 2000 62 84 M.MalaisW.J.Ravensberg1991 pp 87-91 W.AshiharaT.Hamamuraand N.Shinkaji1978Feeding 43
Reproductionand Development of Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot (Acarina:Phytoseiidae) on Various Food SubstancesBullFruitTree ResStn JapanE2 91-98 2000 4227-30 102001 55263-267 112000 4239-40 122004 55226-231 131982 3610:474-477 14 1992 3447-48 151996 381-7 16 2003 50151-155 44