200912 SPA 1 23 41
1 SPA 100 SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA SCM 1.1. 10 2008 100 4,600(2009 )
2 1.2. 1 22 2009 13 40 SPA SPA SPA " SPA 07 1 2009
SPA 3 SPA 1.6 2.1 2009 SPA SPA SPA 1997 2009 90 win win SPA SPA SPA 2 25 BTO: Build Transfer Operate ( ) 1997 2
4 ( ) 24 1.3. SPA SPA 2.1. () SPA 2.2
SPA 5 IT (e ) e 3 (2002) 4 3 (2002) 4 (2002) 5 (2007) 5 2.2.1.
6 2.3. GMS( : General Merchandise Store) GMS GMS 6 6 20081018 GMS SPA SPA SPA ( ) SPA SPA 3.1. SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA 2008 2009 SPA SPA 7 7
SPA 7 2008 8 SPA 1 HD 281,865 0.30 5.00 2 124,373-20.30 2.40 3 87,493 34.70 14.90 4 49,522-24.30 2.60 5 49,186 5.50 14.10 6 40,157-1.90 3.40 7 36,532 17.00 12.70 8 33,415-4.50 8.10 9 33,096 26.80 13.60 10 32,996-15.80 4.70 11 J. 28,092-29.30 2.60 12 24,810-34.20 2.50 13 K 23,009 9.10 10.80 14 20,412-17.70 4.10 15 ABC 20,223 10.80 20.80 16 19,582 No Data 1.40 17 19,517 5.90 5.60 18 17,884-24.70 8.70 19 17,223-7.30 10.50 20 16,346 14.80 2.60 21 16,324 3.50 4.20 SPA SPA SPA SPA 3.2. SPA SPA GAP 1986 Specialty store retailer of Private label Appa rel SPA SPA SPA 8 200924
8 SPA SPA SPA SPA " 3.3. SPA 9 SPA (SCMSupply Chain Management) (value chain) Porter 1985 (supply chain) 9 (2002) SPA 3.4. SPA SPA SPA (1.2) SPA SPA SPA
SPA 9 3.5. SPA 2009 (CPI) 2009 PB 1,500 88 148 100 500 PB PB PB PB 74 BCN 2,295 4,700 09 1,900 09 33 BCN 0.46 2005
10 SPA SPA SPA 3.5.1. SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA " 22 SPA SPA " SPA SPA "
SPA 11 " SPA SPA SPA " " 2008 " SPA 1998 SPA" SPA SPA " SPA " SPA 2005 R&DResearch & Development R&D MD 2005
12 1998 1,980 2001 4,185 2002 SPA MD, Merchandising 2006 " MD R&D SPA RD SPA 2008 SPA SPA SPA
SPA 13 " SPA SPA SPA 2004MD 2006 MD MD MD " " " POP SPA SPA SPA 10 ( ) 11.98 1996SPA 10 200814
14 SPA () SPA NB( ) NB 49.950.1 PB (SPA) SPA NB " 30 35 PB 50 SPA NB NB " SPA 3.6. SPA
SPA 15 SPA " SPA " SPA SPA " SPA SPA SPA 3.7. 2008358,276 2009342,758 2 "
16 TK 1020 SPA " SPA 4.1. SPA SPA 1 SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA 4.1.1. SPA ( ) SPA SPA
SPA 17 SPA SPA SPA 4.1.2. SPA SPA 2009 SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA 4.2. SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA
18 PC SPA SPA SPA PB SPA SPA PB PB PB SPA SPA SPA 4.3. SPA SPA SPA PB 4.4. SPA 4.2
SPA 19 SPA SPA SPA 5.1. SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA 3SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA 5.2. SPA SPA
20 SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA PB NBPB SPA 5.3. SPA GAP SPA SPA SPA SPA SPA PB SPA SPA SPA 3.3 SCM SCM SPA SCM SCM SPA SCM SPA 5.4. SPA SPA
(2002),,,, (2007),,,,,,(2006), (2008),SCM, (2004),, (2007),, SPA 21 (http: www.nitori.co.jp) (http: www.fastretailing.comjp) (http: www.dell.co.jp) (http: ryohin keikaku.jp) (www.cb asahi.co.jp)
1.1 23
1.2 Fiedler,1967 24
1.2.1 1.2.2.1 1.2.2.2 25
35 26 1.2.3 1.2.4 morale,, 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 1973
27 1973 16 ( ) 73 72 30 14 2.1.1 Yes No Yes No 13 Yes ( ) No 2.1.2
10 20 11 20 20 20 2.1.3 ( ) 20 11 20 28
20 20 2.1.4 13 2.2 13 13 2.2.1 2.2.2 29
( ) ( ) UP ( ) 2.2.3 30
31 16
2.2.4 26 26 26 1662 26 27 60 27 2.2.5 10 32 62 11 27
(19) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) (22) 2.2.6 2.2.7-2.3 33
2.3.1 10 I 2.4 3.1 34
E I I 3.2 35
36
37
38
3.3 Fiedler, 1967 3.4 (1998) (2007)[] (1989) (2005) DIAMOND (2005) 39
2008 14 14 3,500[333 ] 23 12 41
1.1 1.1.1 200310 200810 150320 " 42
43 SC SC " 20081022 1.1.2 Tabio 30004000 153 182009 1000 POS 2001 2006 2007 2007 2007115 9000 2008 145 182009 ( 2009)
1.1.3 2007 170 ESCS 2 4000 CS CS CS ( 20071220) 44
?? S 2. 45
4.1 10 4.1.1 46
4.1.2 H 47
48 O H 4.1.3 T S 2 S 4.1.4
4.2 49
4.1 50
4.2 http://www. japancorp.net/japan/article.asp?art_id=46967,,20071220,,20081022,,2009 51
10
20091220 40 203
THE JOURNAL OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Papers by Students Faculty of Business Administration Vol. DECEMBER 2009 Articles The Effectiveness of the SPA type Operation under Recession and Obstacles to Its Adoption Yousuke ARAKAWA Takuya NISHIOKA Naoya HAKOTA Mai HASEGAWA 1 Leadership that Leads to the Increase in Profit An Empirical Study of the Relationship between Profitability and Employee Morale Atsushi TOYAMA Narumi SUGAWARA Yasuyo KUDO 23 The Importance of Information Sharing for Employee Satisfaction Mika KISHI Kenichi NAKAGAWA Yukari WATANABE 41 HOKKAI GAKUEN UNIVERSITY Sapporo, JAPAN