....1....1....4....7....14....29....30....37....48....56....67....70....70....77....82....83....85....85....86....87....88....89 i

ii

300 MHz 2 1 3 khz 300 GHz RF Radiofrequency 300Hz 10MHz IF Intermediate frequency 1Hz 300Hz ELF Extremely Low-Frequency 0Hz 50Hz 60Hz 100kHz iii

/(N/C) /(V/m) (T) 1G( ) 10-4 T( ) ICNIRP W/m 2 W/kg SAR Specific Absorption Rate WHO World Health Organization IARC International Agency for Research on Cancer WHO ICNIRP International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection iv

. 45 71 23. 1

ICNIRP WHO EMF World Wide Standards Database 1 12 2

3

. 1 V/m T 100V/m 3,000V/m 4

500kV/m MRI 1Hz 300Hz 50Hz 60Hz 300Hz 10MHz IH EAS 10MHz 300GHz TV http://www.jeic-emf.jp/railroad.html 5

50Hz 60Hz IH khz khz 2.19µT 0cm 10.4µT 0cm 2.85µT 10cm 0.1 0.546µT 30cm TV 2.5V/m 1.6V/m 1.6V/m 5V/m 50Hz 60Hz 10.07µT 1.5m 1.13µT 1m 13.4µT 0m 3.99µT 1m MRI 0.2 3T 6

. 8 5 4-2000 12 7

6 http://www.kankyo.metro.tokyo.jp/assessment/information/projects_list/254dtl.html 8

13 10 9

0.048 0.057mT 0.001mT 10

0.139mT 0.009 83Hz 0.013 23Hz 11

ICNIRP 12

13

. 50 60Hz VVVF VVVF Hz c b a 14

Hz 10µT 0.01mT EMC Vol.2nd,Page3-6(2002.11.13) 15

18.4km T 16 17 A kv ka 700kA/ Hz 0 16 http://www.rtri.or.jp/rd/division/rd79/yamanashi/magl ev_frame_j.htm

50Hz A kv 33,000kV ka 6 7kA/ 1/100 Hz 0 50Hz A V khz 9.8kHz 0 50Hz 20 30km MVAHz 38MVA 0 56Hz 550km/h 20MVA 0 46Hz 450km/h 17

453.6 20 30km JR 500km/h Hz 500km/h 139m/s 139m/s 24.3m 5.7/s 6/s 2. JR http://company.jr-central.co.jp/company/others/assessment/_pdf/lib10.pdf 18

0Hz 500km/h 6Hz 0.19mT 0.02mT ICNIRP 19

20

0Hz 12Hz ICNIRP 21

30 km 12 V kw ka V kw ka A 1200A 400A kw ka VkW khz 80km/h 30km 50km VHz 5.8m m m 50µT 22

Reiner Köhler, Senior Engineer with ThyssenKrupp Transrapid GmbH 45Hz 305Hz 45Hz 3 4m 10m Reiner Köhler, Senior Engineer with ThyssenKrupp Transrapid GmbH 0.1m 60µT 0.5m 30µT 23

Reiner Köhler, Senior Engineer with ThyssenKrupp Transrapid GmbH 0.1m 25µT 0.5m 15µT Reiner Köhler, Senior Engineer with ThyssenKrupp Transrapid GmbH 0m 5µT 24

Reiner Köhler, Senior Engineer with ThyssenKrupp Transrapid GmbH 25

8.90 km U V DC275V A 28.6A MDU 45A ka 8,700AT Hz 4,000Hz A 344A ka Hz VVVF 0 90Hz 8.9km 1500V 26

Vol.35 No.6 17 11 mt mt m 0 0.057 0.036 0.043 ND ND ND 1 0.048 0.031 0.049 ND ND 0.001 1 0.057 0.046 0.046 ND ND ND 1 0.049 0.041 0.039 ND ND ND 1 0.048 0.034 0.042 ND ND ND 1 0.049 0.053 0.049 ND ND ND 17 11 27

500km/h 6Hz 50Hz 500km/h 6Hz 0Hz 12Hz 0.19mT 0.02mT ICNIRP 1.33mT 12Hz 0.11mT ICNIRP. 0.00285mT0.0104mT50 60Hz 0.00113mT 0.01007mT 200mT 3000mT 3T MRI 0Hz 0.050mT 4 0.4 28

. WHO ICNIRP WHO 181 (1998/5) 182(1998/5) 183(1998/5) 184 (1998/5) 193 (2011/6) 201 VDUs (1998/7) 205 (1998/11) 226(1999/6) 263 (2001/10) 296 (2005/12) 299 (2006/3) 304 (2006/5) 322 (2007/6) (2005/2) (2005/2) 232 (2006/3) 238 (2007/6) ICNIRP (2009) (1Hz 100 khz )(2010) 29

Health Phys 96(4) 504-514 2009 ICNIRP WHO (2005/2) Effects of Electromagnetic Fields on the Living Environment ICNIRP 2000 U42 13 4 V04 24 5. WHO 299 (2006/3) 2T MRI 8T mt IARC 2002 ICNIRP 30

4 T 0.1 T 8 T 8 T 15 T 8 T 2-3 T MRI 10 mt WHO 322 (2007/6) 100µT ELF ELF 2002 IARC ELF ELF 0.3 0.4µT 31

2000 49,000 0.3 µt 1 4 2000 100 2400 0.2 4.95 ELF ELF WHO (2005/2) IF IF WHO 183(1998/5) RF Radiofrequency 10 MHz RF 32

WHO 1996 11 RF RF WHO (2005/2) 1 50/60Hz ICNIRP 1 kv/m 50-60Hz 765 kv ICNIRP 33

ICNIRP 13 4 1990 40 62 1 50Hz * 1 1 0.1 5mT 14mT 1 14mT 2 14mT 300mT 14mT 2 1 1 14mT 1 350µT 21 350µT 34

3 / 7 350µT * µt(10mg 14mT 1 100µT 24 5 1 2 1 1 2kHz 0.91mT ICNIRP 3 23 20kHz 1.1mT 41 60kHz 0.11mT 41 2 2 1 20kHz 1.1mT 60kHz 0.11mT 35

2 7 17 20kHz 0.20mT 60kHz 0.10mT 2 7 36

. Electro-Magnetic Compatibility 24 12 25 13:30 1 5T 37

WHO ICNIRP 100kHz 50 60Hz ips MRI MRI MRI 7~ T 1T 1mT MRI 0.5mT khz khz 38

50/60Hz GHz IH 0 1.5mT 1mT 0.2mT 0.05mT ICNIRP 0 1Hz MRI Hz WHO WHO 39

25 1 9 14:00 MRI T T IARC ELF 2002 ELF B IARC 2010 5 mt mt FeCl2 DNA mt 40

WHO 0.4µT 2 EU Arimmora 2006 The review of cellular effects of a static magnetic field The review of cellular effects of a static magnetic field Junji Miyakoshi Science and Technology of Advanced Materials 7(2006)305-307 41

25 1 11 13:30 1979 50 60Hz 10 4 9 2000 0.4µT 2 2006 (OR) OR // / 0.4µT 0.4µT 2002 IARC 2B 2007 WHO IARC 3 3 2008 42

MHz 1,640 1.4 IARC 3 WHO IARC Extremely Low Frequency Fields Environmental Health Criteria Monograph No.238 43

24 12 17 14:00 15:00 USCI CRDM 1990 10 1990 2000 50 10 10 500km 16 IEC 44

MRI 1.5T 3T 9T T 45

24 12 29 18:00 75 1.5 WHO 46

1980 47

ICNIRP WHO EMF World Wide Standards Database. 24 8 1 24 8 1 ICNIRP 48

13 1785 24 8 1 5 (4) ICNIRP 2010 2009 JIS C 1910 2004 IEC62110 2009 IEC/TS62597 2011 200µT ICNIRP 2010 49

50

IH MHzMHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz ISM 20P P khz khz 51

khz khz ISM 20P P 2 95 275cm 3 15cm 3 5cm 1mW/cm 2 5mW/cm 2 5cm 5mW/cm 2 5cm 5mW/cm 2 52

1,300 VCCI Voluntary Control Council for Interference by Information Technology Equipment VCCI Information Technology Equipment ITE ITE 2009 4 VCCI B A 53

54

VCCI V-3/2011.04 1 55

. ICNIRP International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection ICNIRP 1992 5 IRPA International Radiation Protection Association ICNIRP IRPA WHO 1992 INIRC/IRPA ICNIRP 1994 40µT 1998 0 300GHz 50Hz 100µT 2009 400µT 2010 (1 Hz 100 khz ) 50Hz 200µT 1Hz 2012 2 5 1 Hz 2009 7 IACR WHO ICNIRP 1Hz 100kHz 300GHz 56

2 T 2 T 8 T ELF 8 T 400 mt 0.5 mt (IEC 2002) ICNIRP ICNIRP 2 T 8 T 400 mt a. ICNIRP b. T c. T d. ICNIRP 0.5mT 10 Hz 25Hz CNS 50 mv/m 57

ICNIRP 400 Hz 400 Hz 800 mv/m 4 V /m 5 3 khz 5 CNS 10 Hz 25Hz 10 mv/m 1000 Hz 10 400 mv/m - f Hz - - 100 khz RF Dimbylow 2005 2006 58

CNS CNS PNS 50 Hz CNS 1 T 33 V/m PNS 1 T 60 V/m 3 25 Hz 25 Hz 10 MHz 10 MHz 90 % 50 Hz - f Hz - - - 100 khz RF 59

- f Hz - - 100 khz RF ICNIRP 2009 7 IACR WHO ICNIRP ICNIRP 2012 2 60

WHO No.322 ICNIRP 20 6 100µT 50Hz 1998 ICNIRP 2010 50Hz 200µT EU 61

0 300GHz1999 50Hz 5kV/m 100µT 0 300GHz 2002 precautionary principle 1 2 1 Precaution Prevention 2 COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION on the precautionary principle EC 2000 ICNIRP IEEE EMF RAPID 1999 EMF RAPID 1992 93 6 62

2005 Precautionary Principle 2001 2003 50Hz 100µT 5kV/m 10µT 4h/ a 3µT 4h/b 24 50Hz EU a b 2001 2002 ICNIRP 10µT 3µT 0.2µT 1999 2000 BUWAL 50Hz 100µT 5kV/m 1µT 63

(50Hz)(1,000V ) precautionary measure BUWAL 1985 50m 1µT 26 1996 1997 BMU (50Hz) 5kV/m 100µT(1 5 2 * (*) (50Hz) (1,000V ) SSK2001 ICNIRP BMU SSK 2005 64

2001 50Hz 5kV/m 100µT 2005 WHO precautionary approach 1999 50/60Hz 1989 NHMRC 5kV/m 100µT 1 10kV/m 1,000µT ESAA1991 precautionary approach ARPANSA 65

WHO 2000 ICNIRP IEEE 93 11 013 1993order CPUC 4 4 93 2002 CPUC 2006 06 01 042 50 133kV 100 2005 VROM 0.4µT EU Precautionary approach VROM 66

2002 / SSl 50Hz 5kV/m 100µT 1996 SSI 5. 24 10 22 14:30 16:00 67

HPA ICNIRP EU MRI MRI IEC UIC Union Internationale des Chemins de fer ICNIRP 0 1Hz MRI 68

Effects of Electromagnetic Fields on the Living Environment ICNIRP USCI ICNIRP IEEE The Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers WHO ICNIRP 150 Hz ICNIRP ICNIRP WHO WHO 69

.. 2 6 6.2 6.2.1 70

6.2.2 6.2.3 6.2.4 6.2.5 SAR Specific Absorption Rate E[V/m] H[A/m] S[mW/cm 2 ] P G G P 71

P ICNIRP G 3.3 SAR 0.4W/kg 10kHz 100kHz 0.35 10-4f[Hz]mA/cm 2 10kHz 100kHz 10-3f[Hz]mA 100kHz 100MHz 100mA ( ) (1)(2) (3) (a) SAR 0.4W/kg 1g SAR 8W/kg 25W/kg (b) 3GHz () 10mW/cm 2 3.2 72

73

23 12 74

75

http://www.kajima.co.jp/news/digest/jul_2002/techno/techno.htm 76