XI 2 (KOMIYAMA, Hirosh) 2004 4 21 1 1.1 1 20 silent spring 1970 1

1.2 1999 2000 2050 2030 2050 2050 1.3 3 20 2

2 20 2.1 20 21 20 20 20 18 60 2000 60 3.5 7.5 1900 7.5 20 20 500 60 20 19 20 3.5 7.5 20 30 19 2.2 20 20 1 10 10 19 20 20 19 1 3

1 20 1 0.5% CO2 1% 1%1 1% 1 100 21 3 21 2050 2050 50 50 30 30 45 30 1 20 30 50 30 40 30 20 6 7 2050 4

3.1 8 1995 20 20 33 40 40 10 10 30 50 40 50 50 50 20 21 20 1 50 1 50 50 1 21 2050 1 5

3.2 8 3.3 3 2050 3 3 3 3 1 3 2 3 2050 2 3 3.4 1 1 1-50 400 400-50 H2O 15 15 6

3 2 15 6000 1 1360 1 1360 πr 2 4 1360πR 2 = σt 4 4πR 2 σ Stephan-Boltzmann σt 4 4πR 2 σt 4 T 1 1360 4 σ 5.67 10 8 4 10 8 10 2 1360 4 5.67 2 2.78 100 278 10 1367 760 700 700 4 2 2.2 220 7

4 4.1 2050 2050 4.5 10 9 45 45 60 60 60 60 1 1 1 2. 1 6 45 % 60 45 4 3 1 2. 1 2. 50 2 8 80 2050 80 1 2. 80 8

45 80 230 200 3 4.2 1 8 3 3 1 3 1 3 1 fossil 60 60 15 3 1 75 60 5% 10% 10% 100 10% 5% 5% 80% 5 5.1 3 2 3 15 30 2050 bussiness as usual 600ppm 360ppm 9

280ppm 80ppm 600ppm 1 2 3 1367 1 1367 1 0.01% 2030 5.2 7000 1 3000 2 400 600 500 500 7000 14 14 7000 14 500 7000 500 500 2 500 14 14 1 1 3000 2006 7 7 10

5.3 3 2 3 1 3 1 5.4 1.5 2030 3 24 24 24 24 11

80 80 24 80 24 80 3.5 24 24 30 30 30 80 24 80 80-24 56 80 56 6 6.1 2 1 24 1mol 18cc 1mol 24 (J) 20 2 2 3 3 0 12

2 2 F = ma 6.2-1.5 2030 6.3 43 43 1kW 43kW 7 7 7 7 27 34 7 7 300 300 300 1998 4 4 4 4 10 10 13

2050 4 3 12 2002 6 6 1998 2002 1.5 3 5 3 3 3 9 2030 2050 12 2 2050 6.4 16% 6 1 0 1 2 mv2 1 m v 2 mv2 1 2 mv2 1 0 2 mv2 0 2050 4 1 1998 14

1km 100km/h 60km/h injection 35% 65% 35% 1 35% 0 4 1 4 1 2050 2050 103 85 18 2050 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 15

3 2 1 6.5 50 3.6kW 6.5.1 80% 100% 3 1kW 3kW 1J 3J 40% 100J 40J 0.4 0.4 3 0.4 3 1.2 100% 120% 1 4 6.5.2 16

100W 100W 10kW 100W 4 400W 4KW 10KW 30 1 30 1 2 50 1 1 1 50 1 6.5.3 4 3 2 2 3 2 4 2200 1kWh6 1kWh 27 2200 1 25 5 20 236 1kW 10 36 200 200 0 17

7 7.1 5 1 100 100 walking dictionary 100 100 7.2-18