5 73
5 5.1 A B 2 1 2 1mm 0.1mm 5.1.1 Nominal Scale 74
5.2. Calc 5.1.2 Ordinal Scale (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 5 1 5 1 5 4 5-2 -1 0 1 2 1 5 15 25 55 1 1 2 3 4 5 1 5.1.3 5.1.3 Interval Scale 100 80 20 80 100 5 4 0 100 0 100 0 5.1.4 Ratio Scale 10kg 5kg 2 5kg 5.2 Calc 1 75
5 5.2.1 OpenOffice.org Calc Calc Calc 5.1: A 1A1 A2 A3 B1 B2 Calc 256 65,536 A Z AA AZ BA BZ IV 2 B4 5.2.2 10/1 10 1 3 1 2 Microsoft Office2007 76
5.2. Calc 1 5.2: 5.2 A2 B7 B7 A2 F2 5.2.3 = 5.3: 5.3 =11+ 2 77
5 + - * / =20*(6+4)/2-9*(4+8)/2-5 =20*10/2-9*12/2-5 =200/2-108/2-5 =100-54-5 =41 5.2.4 2 2 2 2 2 =sqrt(2) sqrt SQuare RooT sqrt 1 sum 1 30 30 Calc =sum(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10) sum, 5.1 78
5.2. Calc 5.1: Calc Calc (H) OpenOffice.org (S) Calc VAR 5.2.5 2 A1 2 B1 A1 5.4: A1 A1 A1 2 3 4 100 100000 A1 A2 PC VisiCalc 79
5 1% 5.2.6 5.5 A1 A5 1 5 5.5: 5 =sqrt(1) =sqrt(2)... A1 A5 B1 =sqrt(a1) B1 B5 B2 B5 B2 B3 B2 =SQRT(A2) ( 5.6) B3 B4 B5 SQRT 5.6: =SQRT(A1) 80
5.2. Calc B1 A1 B1 A1 1 1 Calc 5.7: B1 =sqrt(a1) Calc =sqrt(1 ) 1 B2 A2 B3 A3 $a$1 $ $a1 a$1 5.2.7 sum sum 30 30 =sum(a1,a2,a3,a4,a5) A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A1:A5 : =sum(a1:a5) 1 1 81
5 5.2.8 Microsoft Excel Calc 3 Excel Calc 5.8 20 A1 A2 3.2 3.3 A3 =A2-A1 5.8: Calc Calc Excel Excel International Association for Statistical Computing Computational Statistics and Data Analysis 52 (2008) Special section on Microsoft Excel 2007 Microsoft Excel 2007 R Maxima Octave R 3 82
5.3. SAS SPSS SAS SPSS 5.3 http://www.ted.com/talks/lang/eng/conrad_wolfram_teaching_kids_real_math_with_computers. html URL Web Conrad Wolfram TED 83