リンパ動態学からみたリンパ浮腫 Cervical nodes Sentinel node Subclavian vein R. lymph duct Thoracic duct Axillary nodes Cisterna chyli Abdominal nodes Inguinal nodes

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Transcription:

48 THE JOURNAL of JAPANESE COLLEGE of ANGIOLOGY Vol. 48, 2008 159

リンパ動態学からみたリンパ浮腫 Cervical nodes Sentinel node Subclavian vein R. lymph duct Thoracic duct Axillary nodes Cisterna chyli Abdominal nodes Inguinal nodes Figure 1 The lymphatic system.1 Guyton: Circulatory Physiology 1975 Image used with the permission of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. んでいるが赤血球は含まず 無色 淡いクリーム色を リンパ浮腫の分類 呈する また タンパクの漏出量は75 195gで この 大部分は毛細リンパ管内に移行するとされている 分類はTable 12 3 の通りであるが 二次性が圧倒的に リンパ管系は基本的に体下部からのすべてのリンパ 多く 切除されるリンパ節の部位 数 病気の進行程 液は左上肢 左胸部や左頭部からリンパ液を合わせ胸 度や術式 放射線治療の有無などにより影響され 個 管に流れ込み 次いで左内頸 鎖骨下静脈への接合部 人差も大きい に注ぎ込む 右上肢 右頸 頭部 肺の大部分からの リンパ液は右リンパ管に入り 右鎖骨下と内頸静脈へ リンパ浮腫の診断 4 5 の接合部で静脈に注ぎ込む Fig. 1 上肢または下肢の 手術の既往と左右差のある患肢の色調の変化のない リンパ流が障害されると患肢の組織間隙内にタンパク 無痛性腫脹から多くの場合診断は容易である むくみ が残り 組織膠質浸透圧の上昇を来して水分を貯留さ が急速に進んだ場合の皮膚の緊満感 重圧感 しびれ せ 浮腫を発生させることになる やむくみに起因する静脈うっ滞のために皮膚が青紫色 になってくることもある 浮腫の程度 皮膚の硬さ 弾力性 伸展性 湿潤度 熱感 角化 シワ 多毛や 160 脈管学 Vol. 48, 2008

Table 1 Table 2 161

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= 36 28 34 35 164

34 86 100 56 10 Lymphedema and the Lymphatic Dynamics Akio Hirota Hirota Internal Medicine Clinic, Tokyo, Japan Key words: lymphedema, CDP, elastic stocking, manual lymph drainage, cellulitis Lymphatic system acts as a safety valve in the connective tissue, as if an overflow drain prevents flooding in a bathtub. If for some reason this function is not fulfilled, edema develops. Lymphedema appears in most cases after surgery for breast cancer, uterine cancer and other cancers, manifesting as swelling of the upper or lower limbs. Conservative therapy of peripheral lymphedema is known as a complex decongestive physiotherapy (CDP), which involves a two-stage treatment program. The first phase consists of manual lymph drainage, range of motion exercise, skin care and compression typically applied with multi-layered bandage-wrapping. The CDP is performed exclusively on an inpatient basis in specialized hospitals. The second phase aims to conserve and optimize the results obtained in Phase 1. It consists of compression by a low-stretch elastic stocking or sleeve, skin care, exercise and repeated self lymphdrainage as needed. Important thing, however, is that these medical treatment can produce enough effects even if on an outpatient basis. (J Jpn Coll Angiol, 2008, 48: 159 165) Online publication August 6, 2008 165