The Great East Japan Earthquake October 2011 ICID Japanese National Committee 0 The Great East Japan Earthquake occurred on March 11 2011. It is the worst disaster in Japan since the Great Kanto Earthquake in 1923. The east area along the Pacific ocean was stricken and almost all of the infrastructures, such as roads, railways, river embankment, ports, waterworks, drainage ditches, farmlands, and agricultural facilities, were suffered. seismic intensity:7 (Japanese scale) magnitude:9.0 Earthquake Intensity Distribution Map (March.11.2011) intensity (Newton2011.6 月号 ) 1 1
The shakes of the Earthquake continue for three minutes. 地震波形の比較 ( 東京大学地震研究所 HP) 2 Tsunami (tidal wave) reached a height of 11.8m, and damage approximately 24,000ha of farmland. Tsunami Height Distribution Map (March.11.2011) less over Ofunato Kamaishi 9.3m Ishinomaki Hachinohe 9.3m Sendai Miyako 9.3m Souma Newton2011.June 3 2
The land was slid by 5.3 m in horizontal by the earthquake and by 1.2 m in vertical down in Miyagi Prefecture. Horizontal vertical 4 In Sendai plain, the area bellow sea level expanded 7 times larger than before earthquake (from 158ha to 1,127ha ). 地盤沈下した農地の状況 ( 宮城県仙台平野 ) 震災前 地盤沈下した農地の状況 ( 宮城県仙台平野 ) 震災後 地盤沈下被災前後 ( 仙台平野 ) 平均海面 (T.P.±0m ) 以下の農地面積 158ha 平均海面 (T.P.±0m ) 以下の農地面積 1,127ha 5 3
Damaged farmlands and coast (before and after the Earthquake) after before after 鹿島区 ( 福島県相馬市 ) before 鹿島区 ( 福島県相馬市 ) 閖上 ( 宮城県名取市 ) 閖上 ( 宮城県名取市 ) 6 写真は ABC(Australian Broadcasting Corporation)HPから引用 Damaged farmlands (Sendai plain, right after the Tsunami disaster) 5km Coast 写真は 2011 年 3 月 11 日発生東日本大震災 ( 東北地方太平洋沖地震 ) 被災状況説明資料宮城県仙台地方振興事務所より引用 7 4
Tsunami went up along the river, it was only 10 minutes s incident. Miyako city, Iwate 出展ン 8 日経コンストラクショ Tsunami rushed into Sendai plain. (After one hour of the Earthquake) Iwanuma city, Miyagi 9 5
Seawall was destroyed by Tsunami.(After two months of the Earthquake) Minam-Sanriku Town, Miyagi 10 Bridge was destroyed by Tsunami.(National Route No.45 in Miyagi ) 11 6
The Tohoku Shinkansen Line (After the afterquake on 7 th April) Tohoku Shinkansen Line 12 Embankment subsided by the Earthquake. Kamisu City Ibaraki 13 7
The cause of damage of Farm & Facilities are 1Earthquake movement, 2Tsunami (tidal wave), 3Liquefaction, 4Ground sinkage, 5Damage from sea water intrusion such as sanitation and large amount of mud. Tochigi Chiba Ibaraki Fukushima Miyagi Iwate Area damaged by earthquake movement. Area damaged by Tsunami wave. Area damaged by Liquefaction and Ground sinkage. Flooded Area by Tsunami. 14 Mechanism of Liquefaction Sand Grain Water Fountain & Sand Accretion Subsidence In case of earthquake, Sandy ground of high groundwater level changes into liquid by vibration. And in that case, The building lean and drainage ditch floats up. 8
The amount of damages is estimated at roughly 17 trillion yen. The Great East Japan Earthquake (2011) The Great Hansin Earthquake(1995) Buildings (House,Factory,etc) 135 billion us$ 82 billion us$ Lifeline facilities 17 billion us$ 8 billion us$ (Water, Electricity, etc) Infra structure (River,Road, etc) 29 billion us$ 29 billion us$ Others Agriculture Others 25 billion us$ 14 billion us$ 6 billion us$ Total The amount of damage of Farm & 220 Facilities billion us$ 125 billion us$ Number of place Amount of Damages Farmland 14,734 箇所 3,957 億円 (5 billion$) Agricultural facilities 18,364 箇所 3,180 億円 (4 billion$) Total 33,098 箇所 7,137 億円 (9 billion$) 16 Damaged farmlands (Iwate prefecture) 1 陸前高田市 ( 津波被害 ) 農地の瓦礫 土砂堆積及び海水湛水 2 地震による水路の損傷 2 陸前高田市 ( 津波被害 ) 傷 ため池堤体の損 3 陸前高田市 ( 津波被害 ) 農地の瓦礫 土砂堆積及び海水湛水 (1~3: 農業農村工学会現地調査報告書からの引用 ) 17 9
Roadmap to recovery & restoration in rural area recovery Transition to restoration Restoration Recovery of Farmlands and Facilities Remove the Rubble Recovery of facilities Desalination, Land improvement Maintain the agricultural resources Activities of the Local government Make a plan Adjustment of land use Management of resources Rebuilt the rural communities Resume and Develop the Agricultural Management Resume the agricultural management Large scale farming Processing & direct selling New Value Innovation Diversification management 18 Thank you for all ICID families sympathy with this disaster. We are trying to recover as soon as possible 御静聴ありがとうございました Thank you for your attention. 19 10