Topics : Ethernet IEEE Wireless LAN (1/3) SC ATM/100Base-FX 1000Base-SX/LX ST [SC] 1 ATM/100Base-FX [ST] 1000Base-SX/LX [SC-Dual] (: Internet Week 98 (2/3) MIC 21 A/B/M FC FDDI 1 10Base-FL [FC] [MIC (A)] [MIC (B)] (3/3) MT-RJ SC1/2 1000Base-SX, 1000Base-LX [MT-RJ] (: Internet Week 98 1
: http://www.cisco.com/japanese/warp/public/3/jp/service/manual_j/lan/cat60/sig/appendixb/b_0bcabcon.html http://www.collabolink.com/shoryu/opt/tech/tech.htm! () NTT25 12 (Power meter photograph): Hioki http://www.hiokiusa.com/modules/products/index.php?op=viewproduct&proid=138 etc 2
B IP (POI) (OLT) NTT B LAN (ONU) B PC (ONU) 1Gbps32 (NTT) 155Mbps/622Mbps32 (NTT) Gigabit Ethernet (IEEE802.3z) 1Gbps 1Gbps 1000Base-SX (), 1000Base-LX () IEEE802.3z NIC 10Gigabit Ethernet (IEEE802.3ae) 10Gbps only MMF/SMF 10GBase- LX4/SR/LR/ER/SW/LW/EW LX4 3.125Gb ps x4 MMF/ SMF 300m/ 10km SR MMF 300m 10Gbps LR 10.3124Gbps 10km SMF ER 40km SW MMF 300m LW 9.2942Gbps 9.95328Gbps 10km SMF EW 40km Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) FM DWDM (Dense WDM) Tbps P()bps *ITmedia WIDEIEEAF10Gpbs http://www.itmedia.co.jp/enterprise/articles/0406/30/news093.html Ethernet Ethernet Ethernet Frame Formant Ethernet Ethernet XeroxPARC(Palo Alto Research Center) Xerox, Intel, DECEthernet 2.0 IEEE802.3 Ethernet : 10Mbps ~ 10Gbps 3
Ethernet Frame Format [Ethernet format] (MAC) Type 6 6 2 46-1500 MAC 2 NIC 00:2d:1a:41:01:42 19:c7:12:31:0a:11 e1:dd:91:a1:63:12 MACEUI-48 OUI (Organizationally Unique Identifier) IEEE 1OUI OUI (HEX) 0000-05DC 0800 0806 IP (IPv4) ARP IEEE802.3 Length Field (01500) (HEX) 80F3 814C 8191 Apple Talk ARP SNMP over Ethernet NetBEUI 1 2 3 4 5 6 10111101 01110101 11001111 01011111 01000101 01111010 8035 RARP 817D XTP G/I/bit G/L/bit G/I bit 1 G/L 0 : IEEE 1 : 8037 805B 809B IPX VMTP Apple Talk 86DD 8863 8864 IP (IPv6) PPPoE Discovery Stage PPPoE Session Stage NIC Network Interface Card NICMAC NICIP MACIP 3 Ethernet A NODE1 B NODE2 C NODE3 D NODE4 E NODE5 NODE1NODE4 NODE4MAC A NODE1 B NODE2 C NODE3 D NODE4 E NODE5 NODE4NODE1 4
CSMA/CD carrier sense multiple access with collision detection Ethernet Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Detection random 1Carrier Sense CSMA/CD A Carrier Sense A AB B Node B IEEE IEEE LAN IEEE 1394 (Firewire) IEEE 802.3 (CSMA/CD: Ethernet) IEEE 802.11 (Wireless LAN) etc IEEEInstitute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers 802 IEEE 802: Overview & Architecture IEEE 802.1: Bridging & Management IEEE 802.2: Logical Link Control IEEE 802.3: CSMA/CD Access Method IEEE 802.5: Token Ring Access Method IEEE 802.11: Wireless IEEE 802.12: Demand Priority Access IEEE 802.15: Wireless Personal Area Networks IEEE 802.16: Broadband Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks IEEE 802.17: Resilent Packet Rings 5
() () (Full Duplex) (TX)(RX) 100Mbps 100Mbps : Ethernet () (Half Duplex) 100Mbps 100Mbps : Ethernet () LAN CSMA/CD HUB (promiscuous) Ethernet MAC Ethereal() () LAN Web Instant Messenger () () L2() 10BASE-T100BASE-TX MAC MAC Point-to-Point / 100Mbps100Mbps MAC Switch 1 2 3 4 5 00:D0:59:83:AB:CD Port MAC 1 00:D0:59:83:AB: 3 CD 00:D0:59:98:76:5 4 00:D0:59:00:12:34 00:D0:59:98:BE:EF 00:D0:59:98:76:54 00:D0:59:92:11:02 6
Store & Forward Cut Through MAC Store & Forward Fragment Free 64byte Store & Forward LAN 1() 100base-TX 1000base-T L2 LAN 2() ) 100BASE-TX 24 1 100Mbps x 24 x 2() = 4.8Gbps 4.8Gbps 100% 100%?? : 100base-TX/1000base-T : 1000base- SX/1000base-LX MAC QoS (VoIP ) VLAN? SNMP, TELNET/SSH, Web 802.1x 3000100? Windowsipconfig /all (UNIXrootipconfig -a) PC MAC -> -> 7
arp -a MAC Spanning Tree Virtual LAN IPTTLEthernet (1/7) 2() A A A A B B (2/7) A,BA2 ALAN2 (3/7) BLAN2 A B A B LAN2 A B A B 8
(4/7) BLANLAN2 (5/7) 5ABLAN2 A B A B A B A B (6/7) 6ABLAN2 ALAN2 (7/7) 7A A,BLAN1 A Port 1 B Port 1 A Port 1 B Port 1 A B A B Spanning Tree IEEE 802.1d (root)(leaf) Spanning Tree () F E B C root D A B D A E C F B <-> E 9
Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol IEEE802.1w Spanning Tree BridgeHandshake Alternate Port Backup Port VLAN (Virtual LAN) 1 1 Virtual LAN Port VLAN Tagged VLAN(802.1q) Port VLAN Tagged VLAN VLAN Ethernet tag VLAN EthernetVLAN tag(vlanid) VLAN1 VLAN2 VLAN1 1 2 VLAN2 VLAN VLAN1 VLAN2 Tagged VLAN Frame Format TPID TCI Type 6 6 2 2 2 46-1500 4 TAG FCS 4 Wireless LAN TPID: Tag Protocol Identifier (0x8100 0x9100) TCI: Tag Control Information 16(412 VLAN ID) 10
LAN / LAN LAN 1) AP 2) ESSID LAN ESSID LAN A ESSID CHAP11 B ESSID CHAP11 2.4GHzLAN ARIB STD-T66STD-T33 5MHz 1ch22MHz 4 802.11b: 1~14ch (4) 11 802.11g: 1~11ch (3) 5GHzLAN ch:5 (cf:2.432) 2.421 2.443 ch:10 (cf:2.457) 2.446 2.468 ch:14 (cf:2.484) 2.473 2.495 ch:4 (cf:2.427) 2.416 2.438 ch:9 (cf:2.452) 2.441 2.463 ch:3 (cf:2.422) 2.411 2.433 ch:8 (cf:2.447) 2.436 2.458 ch:13 (cf:2.472) 2.461 2.483 ch:2 (cf:2.417) 2.406 2.428 ch:7 (cf:2.442) 2.431 2.453 ch:12 (cf:2.467) 2.456 2.478 ch:1 (cf:2.412) ch:6 (cf:2.437) ch:11 (cf:2.462) 2.401 2.423 2.426 2.448 2.451 2.473 2.400 2.420 2.440 2.460 2.480 (GHz) 802.11a(5GHz) 10MHz (: LAN(1/2) LAN(2/2) () ESSID ch1 ch11 ch1 ch6 ch6 ch11 ch11 ch1 ch6 ch1 Ch1 Ch6 2.4GHz (802.11b/g) 4 5GHz (802.11a) LAN (2.4GHz) 11a11b/g 11
LAN WEP AP Man-in-the-middle DoS ESSID (Extended Service Set- IDentifier) LAN LANESSID any ESSID ESSID LANESSID (closed network) ESSID ESSID WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) : RC4 64bit,128bit 40bit104bit WEP WEP IV (24bit) WEP (40/104 bit) CRC32 64/128bit RC4 PRNG ICV () XOR IV (24bit) WEP WEP Initialization Vector()24bit IV 64(40)bit WEP: 1 : http://www.drizzle.com/~aboba/ieee/ http://www.cs.umd.edu/~waa/wireless.html WEP 20045 WEP 128(104)bit 802.11i MAC : TKIP/AES TKIP(Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) WEP IV48bit Home Mode (PSK; Pre-Shared Key) Enterprise Mode Enterprise Mode IEEE 802.1x 1. () LAN Mac Address Filtering 3. 2. PC 4. 12
MAC MAC LANMAC MAC (?) MAC MACNIC LAN ESSID ESSID ESSID WPAWEP MAC : http://www.ipa.go.jp/security/ciadr/20030228wirelesslan.html 13