Foil 2 Agenda RIP2 RIP, OSPF OSPF

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1 OSPF RIP c 1998,AkiraKato.Allrightsreserved. kato@wide.ad.jp

2 Foil 2 Agenda RIP2 RIP, OSPF OSPF

3 IP (2) Foil 4 IP (1) Foil 5 hop-by-hop

4 IP Foil 6 IP Header Foil Ver Identification TTL IHL TOS Protocol F Source Address Destination Address Options if any Total Length Fragment Offset Header Checksum Padding default 32bit default

5 Foil 8 Foil 9 RFC95 CIDR Classless InterDomain Routing B Class subnet mask subnet mask Subnet RFC1517 : mask implicit mask Class A/B/C netmask / mask /24 : Class C /25 : /23 : Class C

6 CIDR CIDR Foil 1 Foil 11 Class B / /16 2byte OK { Class B /15 Class C OSPF! OSPF2 RIP! RIP2 BGP3! BGP4

7 CIDR Foil 12 CIDR (2) Foil 13 mask longest match rt & mask == dst & mask mask longest match / best match bit bit 1 bit 2 bit 3 / 1/1 1/2 11/3 1/3

8 CIDR Foil 14 Foil 15 CIDR (3) Global Internet Radix Tree backtrack netmask 4.3BSD Reno APNIC No question asked policy /19 1 Sprint Net TRIE /2 (ARIN ) 1 54,

9 Foil 16 Foil 17 CIDR (2) Enterprise IP subnet mask (VLSM) mask /32 IP VLSM CIDR /8, /16, /24 default CIDR CIDR /

10 /8 or /16 or /24 /16 (1) Foil 18 Foil 19 ISP CIDR Block Enterprise network RFC95 /23 subnet 1 CIDR bit RIP-2

11 (2) Foil 2 Foil 21 Class A/B Class A Class C 4 Private 1.../ / /16 IPv D E 192 C A 64 B 128

12 (1) Foil 22 Foil 23 IP Distance Vector (Bellman-Ford) metric metric count-to-innity

13 (2) Foil 24 Link State RIP, RIP2 Spanning Tree Dijkstra (SPF)

14 RIP Foil 26 RIP (2) Foil 27 RFC158 Distance Vector Historic Metric see RFC24 UDP port 52 IP broadcast metric BSD Unix routed... default

15 RIP Foil 28 RIP Metric Foil 29 Metric 3 ooding metric down hop 12 or metric 16 metric 16 +n +1

16 Foil 3 Foil 31 RIP Metric metric RIP holddown X:4 B A X:4 C X OSPF BGP4 tie breaker

17 (2) Foil 32 Foil X:2 X:1 A B C X:2 Net X X:1 A B C D E F X:1 Net X X:2 X:2 D E F X:2 X:1 A B C X:3 X:2 X:3 X:2 X:1 X:1 Net X D X:3 E X:2 X:3 F

18 (3) (1) Foil 34 Foil 35 X:2 X:1 A B C X:3 X:2 Net X C, F F C RIP X:4 X:3 X:2 X:1 X:3 D E X:4 X:2 X:3 F 18 holddown metric 16 X:4 X:2 X:1 A B C X:3 X:2 D X:3 X:3 X:4 E X:2 X:3 F Net X

19 (2) (3) Foil 36 Foil 37 F X holddown F E X:6 E E X D 3 16 F X E E, F X:4 X:2 X:1 A B C X:3 X:2 D X:3 X:3 X:4 E X:4 X:3 F Net X D, E X:4 X:2 X:1 A B C X:3 X:2 D X:3 X:5 X:4 E X:6 X:5 uec.ac.jp [13.153] F Net X

20 (4) RIP Foil 38 Foil 39 E D X:5 RIP D X A X:4 X:2 X:1 A B C X:3 X:2 X:3 Net X source X X X RIP Routing Information Flow D X:5 X:4 E X:6 X:5 uec.ac.jp [13.153] F A B C D Traffic to X X

21 RIP RIP Foil 4 Foil 41 CMD Vers(1) MBZ AFI (IP:2) MBZ Destination MBZ MBZ Repeated for each Destination AFI:, Metric: 16 1: request Metric (1-16) 2: response MBZ: Must Be Zero 3 triggered update

22 Foil 42 RIP (2) Foil 43 RIP (1) metric 16 metric 16 Split Horizon 12 GC 18 holdtime Triggered Update Poisoned Reverse 3 Metric 16

23 RIP RIP Foil 44 Foil 45 metric 3 Flooding 25 holddown Metric 1 16 router Gated CIDR Netmask

24 RIP Foil 46 Foil 47 RIP subnet RIP netmask net subnet host host non-zero : host default net routed -q IPv6 RA host all-zero : subnet host non-zero : host host all-zero : net

25 Foil 48 RIP version 2 Foil 49 RIP (2) RIP RFC1723 : Draft Standard CIDR default metric RIP HSRP Internet RIP Metric 1 16 R1 R2... def:1 def:2 h1 h2 h3 h4 h5

26 16byte RIP-2 Foil 5 RIP-2 (2) Foil 51 RIP "carrying additional information" RIP MBZ : 4byte Netmask CIDR AFI: x : 4byte Nexthop Redirect : 2 byte Tag BGP

27 RIP-2 RIP-2 Foil 52 Foil 53 CMD Vers(2) unused AFI (IP:2) Route TAG Destination Subnet Mask Next Hop Metric (1-16) Repeated for each Destination CMD Vers(2) unused xffff AuthType 16byte auth data AFI (IP:2) Route TAG Destination Subnet Mask Next Hop Metric (1-16) Authentication Header Repeated for each Destination

28 RIP-2 Foil 54 gated, cisco, bay OSPF OSPF Default RIP-1 DHCP default 3

29 OSPF Foil 56 Foil 57 OSPF Shortest Path First Open RFC2328 LSA 21 page LSA Standard Protocol : STD54 Adjacency RFC1131 : 1989 Oct, PS RFC1247 : 1991 Jul, DS RFC1583 : 1994 Mar, DS RFC2178 : 1997 Jul, DS RFC2328 : 1998 Apr, S AS External

30 Foil 58 Foil 59 OSPF (2) IP 89 MD5 LSA

31 (2) Foil 6 Foil 61 Dijkstra N2 D H G 1 E A N3 5 I J B F 55 K N4 5 C N1 L metric metric N2 1 1 A D H 5 N1 1 1 N3 1 I J G 1 E F B K C 5 1 N4 L 1

32 (3) (4) Foil 62 Foil 63 A SPF A SPF A N1 N1 1 D G 1 E 1 F K 5 1 A N1 1 1 A N1 1 B 1 1 C

33 (5) (6) Foil 64 Foil 65 A SPF A SPF K N4, L J 55 1 N4 J 55 N4 7 1 D G K 6 E F L 1 D G K 6 E F L 7 N1 1 N1 1 A B 1 1 C A B 1 1 C

34 (7) (8) Foil 66 Foil 67 A SPF A SPF G J N3 N2 1 D A H J 55 G 11 E F K N1 1 B 1 1 C N4 7 7 L N2 1 D A 1 H J 115 G 11 E F K N1 1 B 1 1 C N4 7 7 L

35 (9) (1) Foil 68 Foil 69 A SPF A SPF N2, H N3 N3, I N3 125 N D H 5 I 1 J 115 G K 11 6 E F N4 7 7 L N D H 5 I J 115 G K 11 6 E F N4 7 7 L N1 1 N1 1 A B 1 1 C A B 1 1 C

36 (13) (12) Foil 7 Foil 71 SPF A N3 125 G : 11 (NH: D) K : 6 (NH: F) N2 12 D H I G 11 E J F 115 K 6 L 7 N4 J : 115 (NH: F) N1 : 1 (NH: A) N2 : 12 (NH: D) N3 : 125 (NH: F) N1 1 N4 : 7 (NH: F) A B C

37 Foil 72 Foil 73 Link State Advertisement SPF LSA Type-1 Type-5 Router ID (32bit) DR

38 (2) (3) Foil 74 Foil 75 Type-3 LSA Type-1 LSA : Type-4 LSA Type-2 LSA : AS link#1 Type-5 LSA AS link#3 Type-1 LSA link#2 A B C D Type-2 LSA E

39 LSA Foil 76 Foil 77 DR/BDR Designated Router : Backup BDR : A B C D E DR (BDR) : Adjacent : Neighbor AllSPFRouters : OSPF AllDRouters : DR/BDR

40 DR/BDR DR Foil 78 Foil 79 AllDRouters Adjacency DR BDR A B C D E DR/BDR AllDRouters DR AllSPFRouters AllSPFRouters: Unicast

41 Foil 8 Foil 81 Router ID ID Hello 32bit Down : Init : Hello ID IP Software 2-ay ExStart : 2-ay DR / BDR DR / BDR DR / BDR ExStart : DD ExStart Master / Slave Seq no.

42 (2) Hello Foil 82 Foil 83 Exchange : DD Router ID Master Loading : LSA Area ID LS Request Hello Interval Router Dead Interval LSA Router Priority LSA LS Update DR / BDR Router ID Full:

43 Foil 84 Hello (3) Foil 85 Hello (2) Hello Interval Router ID default 1 DR / BDR DR / BDR Area ID Hello Interval Router Dead Interval Router ID Priority Stub Area Priority : DR

44 Foil 86 Foil 87 Hello (4) Dead Interval Hello Adjacent DR/BDR p2p DR BDR BDR Master / Slave ExStart Seq No. RouterDeadInterval HelloInterval Init / More / Master bit : Ethernet Router ID master HelloInterval : 1 Master bit o RouterDeadInterval : 4

45 (2) (3) Foil 88 Foil 89 Database Description LSA Exchange LSA LSA LSA Database Descrption DD LSA LS Request LSA LS Update LSA LSA LS type, LS ID, ID Seq no. Seq no. LSA indow Size : 1 More bit

46 Foil 9 Foil 91 Serial NBMA Serial Priority HelloInterval RouterDeadInterval NBMA DR/BDR Network Mask HelloInterval : 3 sec RouterDeadInterval : 12sec Down neighbor Hello ID PollInterval : 12 sec E bit stub

47 OSPF DD Foil 92 Foil Version Type Packet Length Router ID Area ID Check Sum AuType Authentication Interface MTU Options I/M/MS DD Sequence Number LSA Header... LSA Type: 1 - Hello 2 - Database Description 3 - LS Request 4 - LS Update 5 - LS Acknowledgment

48 LS Req LS Update Foil 94 Foil 95 LSA LSA LS Type, LS ID, Adv Rtr LS Type Link State ID Advertising Router LS Type Link State ID Advertising Router... LSA # of LSA LSA...

49 LS Ack Foil 96 LSA Foil 97 Update ack LS LSA Type LS Age Link State Advertisement Link State ID Sequence Number LSA Header x8 x7f... LS checksum, LS length Expire Time 18 sec 36 sec

50 LSA Foil 98 LSA (2) Foil 99 Router LSA LSA Type 1 LSA OSPF Type 2 LSA LSID : Router ID Link ID : ID Data : Link IP Link (TOS ) stub network DR LSID : DR IP Router ID

51 Foil 1 Metric (2) Foil 11 Metric metric Ethernet : : 1E8 / speed FDDI : 1 Ethernet : 1 Serial : UDLR working group 1.5Mbps : 66 64kbps : 1562

52 Foil 12 Foil 13 Metric (3) Equal Cost Multipath AS () 32bit ID... per packet per destination Dijkstra

53 (2) (3) Foil 14 Foil 15 Area 3 Virtual Link Area 1 Backbone Area 4 Area 5 Area 2

54 (4) Foil 16 Foil 17 Virtual Link Area 3 Area 1 Backbone Area 4 Area 5 Area 2 AS AS AS Virtual Link over Area 4 Type-5 LSA

55 Foil 18 Foil 19 Type-3 LSA : AS LSID: Type-4 LSA AS AS Area-1 dst LSID: AS Router ID AS Type-5 LSA AB1 AB2 AS LSID: Backbone Summary Information Type-3 LSAs

56 (2) Type 5 LSA Foil 111 Foil 11 Metric Type 1 Type 4 LSA ASBR ABR metric metric Type 5 LSA metric ASBR Area 2 ABR1 Type-5 LSA ABR2 ASBR1 dst Metric Type 2 metric metric metric Backbone Type-4 LSAs

57 Foil 112 LSA Header Type 5 LSA (2) Foil 113 dst A dst B metric Type metric Type LSA Type 1 : Router LSA Type 2 : Network LSA ASBR1 ASBR2 AS 5 X 1 dst A ASBR1 (15 : 18) dst B ASBR2 (12 : 1) Type 3 : Summary LSA (IP network) Type 4 : Summary LSA (ASBR) Type 5 : AS-External LSA LS Age Options LS Type Link State ID Advertising Router LS Sequence Number LS checksum length

58 Foil 114 Type1 LSA (2) Type1 LSA Foil V/E/B # of links Link ID Link Data Type # of TOS metric TOS TOS metric type 1 : p2p LID: Router ID 2 : transit network type LID: DR type 3 : stub network LID: tyoe 4 : virtual link LID: Router ID Data : Link

59 Foil 116 Type2 LSA Foil 117 Type1 LSA (3) bit V Virtual link E vit AS External B vit DR Network Mask Attached Router...

60 Foil 118 Type 5 LSA Foil 119 Type 3/4 LSA AS Type-3 IP E= : type-1 E=1 : type-2 Type-4 ASBR Network Mask metric TOS TOS metric E E Network Mask TOS metric Forwarding Address External Route Tag TOS metric Forwarding Address External Route Tag

61 Stub Foil 12 Foil 121 OSPF Routing Protocol Type-5 LSA Default Type-3 LSA Type-5 LSA NSSA Router host secure Replay

62 (2) OSPF CIDR Foil 123 Foil 122 LSID Replay RFC2328 Appendix E Type-3, Type-5 LSA Seq No. Seq No. from boot sec LSID Key Key Key ID MD5 16byte

63 Foil 124 P-to-MP Router LSA i/f stub network Link ID: OSPF Link Data: x Point-to-pont link Link ID: Router ID Link Data: Frame-Relay

64 OSPF Foil 126 OSPF (2) Foil 127 OSPF interface ethernet / router ospf 1 ip address network area... ip ospf authentication-key himitsu area... authentication ip ospf cost 1 ip ospf priority 1 ip ospf hello-interval 1 ip ospf dead-interval 4

65 Interface Neighbor Foil 128 Foil 129 show ospf neighbor % % show ospf interface Ethernet// is up, line protocol is up Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address FULL/DR :: OSPF not enabled on this interface Fddi5// is up, line protocol is up FULL/ - :: FULL/ - :: Internet Address /29, Area FULL/ - :: Process ID 25, Router ID , Networ Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State BDR, Priority FULL/ - :: FULL/ - :: Designated Router (ID) , Interface Backup Designated router (ID) , Int Timer intervals configured, Hello 1, Dead 4, Hello due in ::7 Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is Adjacent with neighbor (Designa

66 Foil 13 Neighbor (3) Foil 131 Neighbor (2) show ospf neighbor % % show ip ospf neighbor detail Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Neighbor , interface address In the area... via interface Serial1/ AY/DROTHER :: FULL/BDR :: Neighbor priority is 1, State is FULL Options AY/DROTHER :: AY/DROTHER :: Dead timer due in ::59 Neighbor , interface address FULL/DR :: AY/DROTHER :: In the area via interface Serial1/3 Neighbor priority is 1, State is FULL Options 2 Dead timer due in ::57 Link State retransmission due in ::4 LSA in retransmission queue 2

67 Neighbor Database Foil 132 Foil 133 show ip ospf database database-summary % Area ID Rtr Net SumNet SumASBR Subtotal ID Netmask AS External 4452 Total # debug ip ospf adj

68 Foil 134 Database (3) Foil 135 Database (2) show ip ospf database % show ip ospf database network % Routing Bit Set on this LSA Router Link States (Area...) LS age: 854 Options: (No TOS-capability) Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link LS Type: Network Links x8a44 x11f x8613e xeef4 5 Link State ID: (address of DR) Advertising Router: x815b4 x53c x81638 x276 1 LS Seq Number: 81E Checksum: x36b x84965 x65d x8144a x35eb 2 Length: 32 Network Mask: / x854da x x818d2 x1ccb 11 Attached Router: Attached Router:

69 OSPF Foil 136 Foil 137 Database (4) show ip ospf database database-summary % show ip ospf database % show ip ospf database router <LSID> % Virtual Link show ip ospf database network <LSID> % show ip ospf database summary <LSID> % 55, OSPF CPU Full Route show ip ospf database asbr-summary <LSID> % % show ip ospf database external <LSID>

70 Foil 138 OSPF tips Foil 139 OSPF (2) Router ID router ospf 1 <<Sequence Number >> ID Router network area <AREA> Hello router ospf 1 passive-interface ethernet /

71 Foil 14 OSPF tips OSPF router ospf 1 redistribute rip route-map rip-ospf subnet access-list 1 permit any route-map rip-ospf permit 1 match ip address 1 set metric 1 set metric-type type-1 # clear ip ospf redistribute

72 Foil 142 Foil 143 RIP OSPF RIP Interconnections Radia Perlman, Addison-esley, ISBN Interconnections, OSPF ISBN Internet Routing Architectures Bassam Halabi, Cisco Press, ISBN

73 (2) (3) Foil 144 Foil 145 Routing in the Interenet Cisco Router OSPF - Design and Implementation Guide - illiam R. Parkhurst, McGraw Hill Cristian Huitema, Prentice Hall ISBN Managing IP networks ISBN OSPF Network Design Solutions with Cisco Routers Ballew, et al, O'Reilly Thomas M., II Thomas, Cisco Systems ISBN ISBN OSPF: Anatomy of an Intenet Routing Protocol John Moy, Addison-esley, ISBN

ループ防止技術を使用して OSPFv3 を PE-CE プロトコルとして設定する

ループ防止技術を使用して OSPFv3 を PE-CE プロトコルとして設定する目次概要前提条件要件使用するコンポーネント背景説明設定ネットワーク図設定 DN ビット確認トラブルシューティング Cisco サポートコミュニティ - 特集対話概要このドキュメントでは Open Shortest Path First (1 バージョン 3 (OSPFv3) " をプロバイダーエッジ (PE )