(pack ) Toplevel

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1 (pack ) Toplevel Toplevel pack after anchor before expand fill ipadx ipady padx pady side (place ) place anchor x y relx rely width height relwidth relheight bordermode i

2 Python GUI I Python Web 1 Python (GUI) Widget Python Widget GUI (widget: Window gadget ) Python Widget [2] [3] ( [2] [3] ) Python Widget GUI Widget Python Widget python/lib/lib-tk/tkinter.py Python Python Widget UNIX Python Python/Demo/tkinter/Guido/ Python/Demo/tkinter/Matt/ ( ) Python Widget Tcl/Tk Tcl/Tk ( [4],[5]) Python Tcl/Tk Python Widget Tcl/Tk Python Tcl Python Tcl/Tk 1 Python GUI I ( Com Vol.11, No ) 1

3 Python 2 1 Python GUI II WindowsNT Windows98 UNIX ( ) Python ( [6] [7]) Python Python x f() x.f() x f() x f(x) Widget Widget Python Widget W Frame Python GUI 2 1 GUI GUI b (Python ) b b Widget Button b 2 Python Widget 1 Pet ( ) cat dog 2 cat ( 2) 2

4 from Tkinter import * from Canvas import * import sys names=("alice","bob","carol") def draw(c,s): c.addtag_all( t ) c.delete( t ) CanvasText(c, 100, 100,text=s,font= Times 30 bold italic, anchor= nw ) def cmd(): t=a1.curselection() if t is (): return s = names[a1.index(t[0])] draw(c,s) def cmd1(): draw(c,"cat") def cmd2(): draw(c,"dog") def quit(): sys.exit() a=frame() a.pack(side= left,fill= y ) a1 = Listbox(a,width=10) a1.pack(expand=yes,fill= y ) for n in range(0,len(names)): a1.insert(n,names[n]) a2=button(a,text="ok",command=cmd) a2.pack() b=frame() b.pack(fill= x ) b1=label(b,text="sample Program",font="times") b1.pack() b2 = Menubutton(b,text="Pet",relief= raised,width=30) b2.pack(side=left,fill= y ) m1 = Menu(b2) m1.add_command(label="cat",command=cmd1) m1.add_command(label="dog",command=cmd2) b2["menu"]=m1 b3=button(b,text= quit,command=quit) b3.pack(side=right) # --- Canvas starts from this line --- c=canvas(width=300,height=200,background= cyan ) c.pack() mainloop() 1: 1. 3

5 2: 1 2 ( ) (Label) Sample Program b1=label(b,text="sample Program",font="times") b1.pack() (Botton) quit OK 1 quit quit b3=button(b,text= quit,command=quit) b3.pack(side=right) def quit(): sys.exit() OK a2=button(a,text="ok",command=cmd) a2.pack() def cmd(): t=a1.curselection() 4

6 if t is (): return s = names[a1.index(t[0])] draw(c,s) (Menu) Pet b2 = Menubutton(b,text="Pet",relief= raised,width=30) b2.pack(side=left,fill= y ) m1 = Menu(b2) m1.add_command(label="cat",command=cmd1) m1.add_command(label="dog",command=cmd2) b2["menu"]=m1 def cmd1(): draw(c,"cat") def cmd2(): draw(c,"dog") (Listbox) Alice, Bob, Carol names=("alice","bob","carol") a1 = Listbox(a,width=10) a1.pack(expand=yes,fill= y ) for n in range(0,len(names)): a1.insert(n,names[n]) OK Canvas def cmd(): t=a1.curselection() if t is (): return s = names[a1.index(t[0])] draw(c,s) a1.curselection() 5

7 (Canvas) c=canvas(width=300,height=200,background= cyan ) c.pack() def draw(c,s): c.addtag_all( t ) c.delete( t ) CanvasText(c, 100, 100,text=s,font= Times 30 bold italic,anchor= nw ) draw Widget (2 2 ) Python 2 place pack 3 (pack ) ( ) pack pack 4 4 Python top, bottom, left, right pack side A a a.pack(side= left ) ( top, bottom, left, right TOP, BOTTOM, LEFT, RIGHT ) A A 3 6

8 3: A 4: 3 A A A A A 4 B 5 B B pack anchor 7

9 B A 5: 4 B pack fill A a a.pack(fill= x ) x fill x y, both, none X, Y, BOTH, NONE b1 b2 b3 a1 c a2 6: 1 a1, a2, b1, b2, b3, c 1 8

10 a=frame() a1 = Listbox(a,...) a2=button(a,...) b=frame() b1=label(b,...) b2 = Menubutton(b,...) m1 = Menu(b2) b3=button(b,...) c=canvas(...) a=frame() a 2 a1 = Listbox(a,...) a1 Listbox a a a2 a b1 b2 b3 b 3.3 Toplevel a, b, c 3 Toplevel 1 1 Toplevel 6 Toplevel Toplevel a, b, c 2 7 a,b,c 3 b a c 7: 1 Toplevel 9

11 3.4 ( ) 8 Toplevel a b c a1 a2 b1 b2 b3 8: Toplevel Toplevel 1 c c=canvas(width=300,height=200,background= cyan ) a a1 a1 = Listbox(a,width=10) b b1, b2, b3 ( ) b2 b3 b2.pack(side=left,fill= y ) fill y ( b2.pack(side=left) ) b b1 b3 Toplevel a1 c b1 b3 c

12 a1.pack(expand=yes,fill= y ) a1.pack(fill= y ) 6 9 b1 b2 b3 a1 a2 c 9: 1 Toplevel a2 a b3 b Toplevel 0 c a a1 a1.pack(fill= y ) fill a1 a1 a2 a1.pack(expand=yes,fill= y ) expand=yes 3.7 pack after : : after : a, b, c a.pack(); b.pack(); c.pack(after=a) 11

13 a.pack(); c.pack(); b.pack() anchor : n, s, w, e, nw, ne, sw, se, center ( center ) : anchor anchor nw n ne w center e sw s se 10: anchor : anchor from Tkinter import * a=button(text= alice,width=30) a.pack() b=button(text= bob, height=5) b.pack(side=left) c=button(text= carol ) c.pack(expand=yes, anchor= center ) mainloop() Toplevel c anchor carol before : : before : a, b, c a.pack(); b.pack(); c.pack(before=b) 12

14 a.pack(); c.pack(); b.pack() expand : YES, NO yes, no ( NO ) : ( ) fill : X, Y, BOTH, NONE x, y, both, none ( NONE) : X, Y, BOTH ipadx : ( 0) : ( ) ipady : ( 0) : ( ) padx : ( 0) : ( ) pady : ( 0) : ( ) side : LEFT, RIGHT, TOP, BOTTOM left, right, top, bottom ( TOP ) : 13

15 4 (place ) place 4.1 A ( ) place Canvas 11 Canvas (0, 0) x y w h (w, 0) (0, h) (w, h) (0,0) (w,0) y x A (0,h) (w,h) 11: (x, y) anchor 4.2 relief= raised 14

16 from Tkinter import * # we must explicitly give the size of frame if place method is used f=frame(width=150,height=60) f.pack() # relief is specified in order to see the position of label widget = Label(f, text= Hello GUI World!,relief= raised ) widget.place(x=60,y=30) mainloop() 12: 2: place 13: 2 Frame f f Label f widget.place(x=60,y=30) (60, 30) anchor anchor 12 9 center e, w, s, n nw, ne, sw, se nw n ne w center e sw s se 14: anchor place x=60,y=30 x y 15

17 4 (0, 0) (1, 0) (0, 1) (1, 1) 2 widget.place(x=60,y=30) widget.place(relx=0.4, rely=0.5) (relx = 60/150, rely = 30/60) (place relwidth relheight ) place Toplevel place 4.3 place anchor : n, w, s, e, nw, ne, sw, se, center ( nw ) : x x : : x y : : y relx : 0 1 : x rely : 0 1 : y width : : 16

18 4.3.7 height : : relwidth : 0 1 : relheight : 0 1 : bordermode : inside, outside, ignore ( inside ) : ( ) (0, 0) inside outside ignore outside [1] Mark Lutz / : Python (O Reilly Japan, 1998) [2] Mark Lutz / : Python (O Reilly Japan, 1998) [3] Mark Lutz: Programming Python,(O Reilly & Associates,Inc. 1996) [4] John K.Ousterhout / : Tcl&Tk ( 1995) [5] Tcl/Tk ( 1995) [6] Python ( Com Vol.10,No ) [7] Python (, 1999) 17

14 D033 CR:16 15 E015 CR:18 16 E060 CR:15 17 D038 18 E059 19 E062 20 E063 21 E066 22 E064 23 E065 24 d031 25 E053 26 E048 27 E049 28 B009 29 D039 30 D

No QUEST CR 0 E051 1 E092 2 E093 3 E098 4 E099 5 D040 6 E100 7 E014 CR:14 ( 8 E010 9 E109 10 E045 11 E044 12 E028 13 E043 1 14 D033 CR:16 15 E015 CR:18 16 E060 CR:15 17 D038 18 E059 19 E062 20 E063 21