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1 NAIST-IS-MT GHz W-LAN
2 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
3 2.4GHz W-LAN ISM(Industrial, Sientific and Medical) 2.4GHz IEEE802.11b/gW-LAN 2.4GHz W-LAN 2.4GHz ISM (Industry Scientific and Medical) ISM W-LAN ISM ISM IEEE802.11g W-LAN OFDM W-LAN W-LAN BER 19.7, PER 40.5, NAIST-IS- MT , i
4 IEEE802.11b/g, ISM,, OFDM ii
5 Reduction of Microwave Oven Interference for 2.4GHz band W-LAN Hiromi Takahata Abstract This paper proposes a microwave oven interference canceller for IEEE g (Wireless Local Area Network) at 2.4GHz band. Since microwave oven and W- LAN standardized by IEEE b/g use the same 2.4 GHz band, which is known as an ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) band, interference from microwave oven could degrade the performance of the W-LAN. The proposed interference canceller is based on an adaptive comb filter in order to reduce the narrow-band interference. Computer simulation result shows that the proposed canceller is capable of reducing the interference. Keywords: IEEE802.11b/g, ISM device, Microwave Oven Interference, OFDM Master s Thesis, Department of Information Systems, Graduate School of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, NAIST-IS-MT , August 20, iii
6 ISM W-LAN LAN W-LAN LAN iv
7 4.1.1 OFDM(Orthognal Frequency Division Multiplex: ) OFDM v
8 ( ) ( 2.447GHz) ( 2.447GHz) ( ) ( ) ( 0.5ms) ( 70ms) ( 0.5ms) ( ) Vector Signal Analyzer(VSA) ( ) Vector Signal Analyzer(VSA) ( ) Vector Signal Analyzer(VSA) ( ) Vector Signal Analyzer(VSA) ( ) Vector Signal Analyzer(VSA) ( 2.412GHz Vector Signal Analyzer ) vi
9 2.17 ( 2.447GHz Vector Signal Analyzer ) ( 2.467GHz Vector Signal Analyzer ) ( 2.412GHz Vector Signal Analyzer ) (, 2.447GHz) (, 2.447GHz) (, 2.447GHz) ms (, 2.447GHz) ( 16 ) W-LAN W-LAN 2.447GHz W-LAN 2.457GHz W-LAN 2.447GHz W-LAN 2.457GHz W-LAN 2.472GHz W-LAN 2.412GHz W-LAN 2.442GHz W-LAN 2.442GHz 47 vii
10 4.9 W-LAN 2.462GHz W-LAN 2.472GHz 48 viii
11 OFDM Parameters ( 2.457GHz) ix
12 1 1.1.,, W-LAN W-LAN,,,,,,, W-LAN,,,, W-LAN. W-LAN, 8,811, [1],,,, 1
13 CPU,,,,,,, Web,,,, ADSL (Asynchronous Digital Subscriber Lines),, IEEE b/g/n 1 W-LAN, PC W-LAN,, PDA (Personal Digital Assistance) W-LAN.,,,,, W-LAN 1 IEEE , IEEE - (The Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers) LAN W-LAN 2
14 ( W-LAN,,, IEEE b/gW-LAN, 2.4GHz,, ISM(Industrial, Scientific and Medical), ISM, 2.4GHz [2], W-LAN 1.2., W-LAN [2],,,, 2,. [2],, [2] 1994, PHS 1.9GHz, 2.4GHz ISM [3],,,,,,,, 3
15 , IEEE802.11b/g W-LAN [4], 1.9GHz, 2.5GHz, 1.9GHz, 2.5GHz, QPSK( : Quandrature Phase Shift Keying) DS-SS( : Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum), TDMA( : Time Division Multiple Access),,,,, IEEE802.11g W-LAN OFDM( : Orthogonal Frecency Division Multiplexing), [5], IEEE802.11b IEEE802.11b DS-SS( ), OFDM [6], DS-SS,, BER,,,,, 4
16 ,, [7] DS-SS, [8] DS-SS [9],,, OFDM W-LAN PC,, IEEE802.11a OFDM W-LAN OFDM, OFDM 1.3., OFDM IEEE g W-LAN,, W-LAN, IEEE802.11g W-LAN OFDM,,, IEEE802.11g,,,,,,, 5
17 OFDM, OFDM, IEEE g,, 4,, W-LAN,, 1.4., 2, 3,,, 4, OFDM W-LAN,, 5 6
18 ISM W-LAN ISM(Industry Scientific and Medical) GHz GHz 2 ISM. ISM,,,,, ISM 10MHz GHz 2.4GHz. 2.4GHz Bluetooth W-LAN ISM W-LAN, GHz ETC(Electronic Toll Collection System) ISM 1 ITU : International Telecommunication Union. 7
19 W-LAN ISM 2.2.,, W 600W,, ISM 2.4GHz 50MHz., ISM,,. 50Hz 60Hz, 4kv. 1,.,., 30 50kHz,,.,,. 50Hz 60Hz. [10]., 3 (,, ), ( )1,. 8
20 2.3.,, , Agilent Technologies 89600S Vector Signal Analyzer 2.4GHz W-LAN 1/2, ( ) W-LAN 2.4GHz,., 15cm dB.. 60dB.. 9
21 2.1 1/ GHz, 2.467GHz 38.4MHz 200ms 150cc 60Hz Agilent Technologies 89600S Vector Signal Analyzer 95 NE-C RE-S160W 98 ER- FX1(H) 15cm, 1m, 3m, cm 93dB, 1m 103dB. 3m 105dB, 15cm 1/10, 1m.,,,,,,., 15cm 10
22 on off -70 Interference(dB) Time(s) 2.2 ( ), dB,,,,, 11
23 cm 1m 3m Interference(dB) Time(s) 2.3 ( 2.447GHz) 12
24 atatame toaster oven -70 Interference(dB) Time(s) 2.4 ( 2.447GHz) 13
25 , ISM 13 (2.412GHz 2.484GHz), 2.5, 2.6., sh GHz..,,,,,., GHz 2.457GHz GHz,, 2.457GHz GHz 2.452GHz , 1/60Hz, 1/50Hz., 2,. 1/120Hz, , 22KHz.. 14
26 sh2412 sh2442 sh2452 sh Interference(dB) Time(s) 2.5 ( ) to2412 to2442 to2452 to2457 to2472 Interference(dB) Time(s) 2.6 ( ) 15
27 10-5 "s2.447-sh-1.txt" "s2.447-to-1.txt" Interference(w) Time(s) ( 0.5ms) 16
28 2.9 ( 70ms) 2.10 ( 0.5ms) 17
29 Vector Signal Analyzer, Vector Signal Analyzer(VSA) ,, (dbm),.,,,, 0.8ms, 40ms 40ms,,,.., VSA ,,.,.,. 2.14, 2.15.,, , VSA
30 2.11 ( ) Vector Signal Analyzer(VSA) 19
31 2.12 ( ) Vector Signal Analyzer(VSA) 20
32 2.13 ( ) Vector Signal Analyzer(VSA) 21
33 2.14 ( ) Vector Signal Analyzer(VSA) 22
34 2.15 ( ) Vector Signal Analyzer(VSA).,.,. VSA 2.17sim ,, 3m,,,,, 23
35 2.16 ( 2.412GHz Vector Signal Analyzer ) 24
36 2.17 ( 2.447GHz Vector Signal Analyzer ),,,,,,,,. 2.7, 16ms, 20ms, 8ms., 40dBm 110dBm,,. 25
37 2.18 ( 2.467GHz Vector Signal Analyzer ) 26
38 2.19 ( 2.412GHz Vector Signal Analyzer ) 27
39 2.5.,,. k X k = I k + jq k (2.1). I k, Q k,. m R(m; k) = E[X k+m Xk] (2.2), k., T p = 1/f p (= 1/ ms). f s = 38.4MHz, D = T p /(1/f s ) = 640, 000. R(k) = R(D; k). r k r k..,, 0, I k I k+d ,, 28
40
41 2.21.,,.,,. 30
42
43 3 3.1.,,,.,,. 3.2., 3.1. r k. f s. 3.1 T D = D/f s d k = r k D,. 32
44 d k h k r k e k = r k h k d k. J k. J k = = 1 1 α 1 1 α e k l 2 α l (3.1) l=0 r k h k d k l 2 α l (3.2) l=0 α. J k h k. δj k /δh k = 0 (3.3) 0 = α l (r k l h k d k l )d k l (3.4) l=0 h k, h k = l=0 αl r k l d k l l=0 αl d k l 2 = N k D k., N k = D k = α l r k l d k l (3.5) l=0 α l d k l 2 (3.6) l=0 N k D k, h k. N k = r k d k + αn k 1 (3.7) 33
45 D k = d k 2 +αd k 1 (3.8) h k = N k D k (3.9) ms( 66 ) 16.64ms(64 ) 16.12ms(62 ) 3.2, 3.7, ms 16.12ms 16.64ms(64 ) ,
46 normal simple-add alpha09-multi -70 Interference(dB) Time(s) (, 2.447GHz) normal simple-add alpha08-multi -70 Interference(dB) Time(s) (, 2.447GHz) 35
47 normal simple-add alpha07-multi -70 Interference(dB) Time(s) (, 2.447GHz) 3.5., 16.64ms normal. simple-add. alpha-multi,, (h),. 1, 3.7 simple-add.,., ms,. 15dB.,. 36
48 normal simple-add alpha08-multi -70 Interference(dB) Time(s) ms (, 2.447GHz) 3.6. LAN LAN, D,, 2,, 1,. 3.6 LAN. LAN s k, cs k. c,., m k. r k = cs k + m k (3.10). r k LAN ĉŝ k 37
49 ˆm k = r k ĉŝ k (3.11).,W-LAN, ˆm k m k. ˆm k D d k = ˆm k D. (3.7) (3.8), h k, e k = r k h k d k. e k e k = cs k. e k LAN, LAN ŝ k. e k ŝ k. ĉ = E[e k /Ŝk] 1 N N 1 l=0 e k s k (3.12) ĉ ŝ k. 3.7.,. IEEE802.11g, OFDM. OFDM ( ) 0.8µs, 30 (0.78µs ), , , 110dBw ( 80dBm).,.,, 38
50 10-5 w/o cansel w cansel(16p) Interference(w) Time(s) 3.6 ( 16 ). W-LAN. 39
51 3.7 W-LAN 40
52 4 W-LAN 4.1. LAN,., LAN +. OFDM LAN OFDM(Orthognal Frequency Division Multiplex: ) OFDM OFDM (ISI:Inter Symbol Interference) OFDM OFDM 41
53 IEEE802.11a IEEE802.11g 0.8µs 0.8µs OFDM OFDM 6Mbps, 52( =4), BPSK, W-LAN. s c m, ŝ c + m. c, ŝ + c, ŝ c + m ŝ + c m. m., W-LAN, W-LAN, 16, 0.9 C/I(dB) 30dB 10dB. C/I(dB) 20dB BER ( PER)
54 4.1 W-LAN 2.447GHz C/I(dB) 0db 30dB BER C/I(dB) 10dB BER, PER ,.,. 43
55 4.2 W-LAN 2.457GHz 4.3 W-LAN 2.447GHz 44
56 4.4 W-LAN 2.457GHz 4.5 W-LAN 2.472GHz 45
57 4.6 W-LAN 2.412GHz 4.7 W-LAN 2.442GHz 46
58 4.8 W-LAN 2.442GHz 4.9 W-LAN 2.462GHz 47
59 4.10 W-LAN 2.472GHz 4.1 OFDM Parameters 6Mbps 52 :4 BPSK R=1/2 IEEE802.11g OFDM 4.0µs 0.8µs 38.4MHz 48
60 4.2 ( 2.457GHz) C/I(dB) BER BER PER PER BER PER (with) (without) (with) (without) with:with cansel, without:without cancel 49
61 5 W-LAN,.,,,.,.,,.,.,,.,,., IEEE802.11b W-LAN,. OFDM PER, BER , W-LAN., PER , BER , PER , BER
62 ., PER, BER ,. 3,,.,,., IEEE802.11b,. 51
63 ,.. 52
64 .,.,..,,,.,,. 53
65 [1], 2.5GHz LAN,,SISB , pp.53-57, [2] Hiromi Takahata, Minoru Okada Reduction of microwave oven interference for 2.4Ghz band W-LAN, 2008 International Worlshop on Smart Info- Media Systems in Bangkok(SISB 2008) (submission) 54
66 [1] 20 [2],, EMCJ,,Vol.94(229),pp.25-32, [3] Sakda Unaong,Shinichi Miyamoto,Norihiro Morinaga, Emisuppression technique for ISM-band WLANs using multicode transmission and emi observation channel, IEICE Transactions on Communications, Vol.E83-B(3), pp , [4] Shinichi Miyamoto,Yukio Yamanaka,Takashi Shinozuka,Norihiko Morinaga, A study on the effect of microwave oven interference to the performance of digital radio communications systems, The transactions of the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers,Vol.J- 79-B-2, pp , [5],,, 2.4GHz LAN, EMCJ,, Vol.102(488), pp.45-52, [6],,, LAN EMCJ,, Vol.103(440), pp.21-26, [7], B-4-85 LAN,, 2003, pp ,
67 [8], B-4-49 LAN : 2003, pp.357, [9],,, IEEE802.11a LAN EMCJ,, Vol.105, pp.65-70, [10] Masanobu Nakatsuka, Yasushi Matsumoto, Katsumi Fujii, Akira Sugiura, Adaptive cancellation of microwave oven interference in WLANlinks IE- ICE technical report Electromagnetic compatibility, Vol.103, pp.21-26,
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