EMS EMS W264

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1 ILCOR-CoSTR 10 Part 10 First Aid (2/5) (introduction) (definition of first aid) (medical emergencies) (injury emergencies) (environmental injuries) 2004 AHA ARC National First Aid Science Advisory Board CDC conflict of interest 1 (consensus treatment recommendations) (first aid interventions) (a consensus summary of the scientific evidence) / first aid provider

2 EMS EMS W264

3 Academy of Orthopedics Surgeons American Academy of Pediatrics American Association of Poison Control Centers American Burn Association American College of Emergency Physicians American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine American College of Surgeons American Heart Association Army Medical Command The American Pediatric Surgical Association American Red Cross American Safety and Health Institute Australian Resuscitation Council Canadian Red Cross International Association of Fire Chiefs International Association of Fire Fighters Medic First Aid International Military Training Network National Association of EMS Educators National Association of EMS Physicians National Association of EMTs National Safety Council Occupational Safety and Health Administration Save a Life Foundation W253 1 (LOE 4)2-4

4 LOE4 5 1 LOE 7 1 W199 W252 ( ) (LOE 7)6 (LOE 7) W146A W146B W155 W274 LOE 3-5 LOE 7 LOE3 11,12 HAINES HAINES High Arm IN Endangered Spine( ) HAINES

5 BLS Part 2: BLS LOE 3 13,14 HAINES W256 W257 W268 W269 W150A W150B 2% LOE 3 15,16 LOE 4 17 GCS 8 LOE EMS LOE 3 15,19,20; LOE EMS LOE LOE ; LOE 4 29,30 (LOE 7)

6 7 10 LOE 3 31;LOE LOE 4 33 LOE 4 34 LOE 3 35 LOE 3 36 LOE BLS Part 2: BLS W150A W150B W254 W LOE LOE LOE 7 LOE LOE 6 45

7 2 LOE % 53% 110 (78%) % 71% P< % LOE 5 40 LOE 5 49 LOE 5 47 LOE 7 48 LOE 2 50 LOE 2 51 LOE 5 52 LOE W259 W266 1 (LOE 1)54 1 (LOE 2)55 1 (LOE 5)56

8 1 (LOE 2)57 W ( ) (LOE 1) (LOE 1)59 ( ) 3 (15% 47%) (LOE 7) W247 1 (LOE 3)63 (LOE 464 LOE ) (LOE 6)68-72 ( F 77 F ) (LOE 6)69 73 LOE5)74

9 (LOE 5) ( ) (LOE 576 LOE 677) (LOE 678) ( 20% ) 10 ( 20% ) 10 W248 5 ( ) ( 2.5 cm) 1 (LOE 4)79 (LOE 6)80-82 ( ) W260 W273 realignment W261 (LOE 7) (LOE 7)84

10 ( ) ( ) W ice therapy pea bag W275 (LOE 7)105 LOE7)106

11 W270,W271 LOE LOE 5108 LOE 6109 LOE LOE Sutherland LOE LOE Howarth 40 70mmHg 55 70mmHg LOE W

12 LOE Part 2 W162A W consensus opinion review121

13 W258,W259 LOE 1~8 122~127 LOE 4~6 128~134 LOE % LOE 6 124, , ph ph W249,W250,W ph ,138 3 LOE , LOE American Association of Poison Control Center Toxic Exposure Surveillance System Database 752,602 LOE LOE 5 141~144 LOE ,146

14 1 LOE LOE 5 148, LOE ~153

207 Nature,

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