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3 85cm 100cm 2 90cm 2 TG 150mg/dl HDLHDL-C 40mg/dl 130mmHg 85mmHg 110mg/dl HP Gregg , , , Edward W. Gregg et al : Relationship of Walking to Mortality Among US Adults with Diabetes, Archives of Internal Medicine, Vol.163, 2003, Frank B. Hu et al: Walking Compared With Vigorous Physical Activity and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Women, Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol.282, No.15, ,Oct.,

4 4 2 Compared With Vigorous Physical Activity and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Women 5 3, , kcal 3.0kg (kg) (R ) kcal 2.8kg ,894 2, vol.57 No

5 HDL (P<.001) LDL LDL Hammond 12 Hammond 1,064,004 4 Some Preliminary Findings on Physical Complaints from a Prospective Study of 1,064,004 Men and Women 10,,Vol.19,No.4, , E. Cuyler Hammond : Some Preliminary Findings on Physical Complaints from a Prospective Study of 1,064,004 Men and Women, American Journal of Public Health, 54, 1964,

6 Oscar H Effects of Physical Activity on Life Expectancy With Cardiovascular Disease ,017 3 BMI Oscar H et al : Effects of Physical Activity on Life Expectancy With Cardiovascular Disease, Archives of Internal Medicine, vol.165, No.20, November 14, The Framingham Heart Study BMI LDL/HDL Framingham Score 15 Tomoshige Hayashi et al. : Walking to Work and the Risk for Hypertension in Men: The Osaka Health Survey, Annuals of Internal Medicine, 131, 1, 1999,

7 Walking to Work and the Risk for Hypertension in Men: The Osaka Health Survey Johanna L. Johnson 16 Johnson ATP Johnson Johanna L. Johnson et al : Exercise Training Amount and Intensity Effects on Metabolic syndrome(from Studies of a Targeted Risk Reduction Intervention through Defined Exercise), American Journal of Cardiology, vol.100, 2007, ATP TG HDL-C

8 Exercise Training Amount and Intensity Effects on Metabolic syndrome /

9 20 3 ( ) 4 5, , , Impact of walking upon medical care expenditure in Japan: the Ohsaki Cohort study 20 Ichiro Tsuji et al :Impact of walking upon medical care expenditure in Japan : the Ohsaki Cohort Study, International Journal of Epidemiology, 32, 2003,

10 29.3% 22.1% 33.6% 16.7% POMS 23 T POMS Profile of Mood State

11 Giovanni Ravaglia Ravaglia E F.Ravaglia et al : Physical activity and dementia risk in the elderly. Findings from a prospective Italian study, Neurology,

12

13 17

14 (CPTED:Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design) (Schneider& Kitchen 2002) 18

15 (Broken Windows Theory) ibid : N ibid: NPO ibid: 126 ibid: ibid: BID: Business Improvement District

16 a b. c E-journal GEO

17 [email protected] ,4, , ,

18 PTA d % 80% 85% % 4.8% 19.4% % 3.4% 0.7% ~ ~

19 NFS(National Federation of Shopmobility) :

20 (AA) a ( 1999: 44-65) 24

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