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1 683 HAI (Human-Agent Interaction) Study of User Uninterruptibility Estimation based on focused Application- Switching Takahiro Tanaka Kyohei Matsumura Kinya Fujita Graduate School, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology keywords: focused-application switching, uninterruptibility, estimation, human interface Summary In this paper, we proposed the user uninterruptibility estimation method based on focused Application- Switching (AS) during PC work for establishing information display timing control scheme with less intelligent activity disturbance for users. At first, we collected and analyzed the PC operation records and the subjective uninterruptibility of users. From the analysis, we selected features in AS timing that affect user uninterruptibility. Then, we provided the estimation method based on co-occurring features that are observed in AS timing, and confirmed the availability of our method. 1. PC [ 98, 05, 04] PC [ 05, Hudson 03] [Czerwinski 00a, Czerwinski 00b, 08] PC PC PC focused Application - Switching: ASAS PC [ 09a]AS Not focused Application - Switching: NAS NIRS Near Infrared Spectroscopy: AS

2 SP-B 2010 AS 2 [ 09b] AS NAS AS AS AS AS AS AS AS 3 4 AS PC [ 98, 05] [ 04] PC 3 PC PC PC PC PC [ 05, Hudson 03] [Czerwinski 00a, Czerwinski 00b] [ 08] 2 2 AS PC AS 10 PC 40 [ 09a] AS NAS 1 NAS 3.2 AS 2.8 t AS NAS (p<0.01 AS NAS AS 2 AS

3 685 1 AS NAS AS NAS AS AS [ 09a] PC AS NAS 1 5 NAS NAS AS AS 5 AS AS AS 5 1 AS Explorer AS AS 1 PC AS 5 2 [ 09a] WM-QUIT ID ID PC PC PC NAS 105 AS 275 NAS 3.1 AS 2.6 t t AS

4 SP-B AS 2 [ 09a] AS AS 3 2 AS NAS AS NAS NAS p< AS NAS AS 3 2 AS 1 3 AS AS (1)AS AS (2) AS 2 AS (3)PC PC PC (1) OS AS 1 2 F 3.08 p<0.05 LSD p< AS F 6.02 p<0.01 p<0.05 p<0.01 t p<0.05 Explorer 3

5 687 3 AS ID A B C D E (2) AS AS AS 3 AS AS ID ID 2 t p<0.01 AS AS AS AS 2 AS t p<0.1 Windows OS Explorer AS 2 F 4.74 p<0.01 AS AS p< t p<0.1 AS 4 4 AS ID F G H I 2 J K L 2 M 2 (3)PC AS 2 AS AS 2 AS AS 2 AS 2 AS p< AS

6 SP-B AS 15 AS p<0.01 AS [ 09b] AS 15 AS 20 AS ALT+TAB AS 2 AS AS p<0.01 AS AS AS p<0.05 AS AS AS 2 10 AS AS p< AS AS t AS AS p<0.05 p<0.1 AS AS AS 5 5 PC AS ID N 2 O 15 P AS Q AS R 2 S 2 3 AS 19 6 AS AS AS AS AS AS 1 AS AS AS AS AS 4. AS AS AS AS 19 AS

7 689 6 AS ID A C G I 2 O 15 P AS R 2 S 2 K N 2 F I 2 L 2 M 2 P AS Q AS R 2 S 2 N 2 R 2 B D E H J N 2 S 2 3 AS F (x) (1) AS x f inc (x) f dec (x) f neu (x) AS PC A S ID (2) (4) a =2,b=2,c=2 1 f inc (x) A x =1 F (x)= f dec (x) B x =1 (1) f neu (x) f inc (x)={a x + G x N x + I x (1 K x )+(C x + O x )K x } + {R x +(P x + S x )(1 K x )} (2) f inc (x) (2) 6 G : I : 2 N : 2 I K =0 C : O : 15 K =1 P :AS S :2 f dec (x)= {B x + E x J x + D x + H x (1 E x )+N x } + {ar x bs x } (3) f dec (x) (3) E : J =1 H : S :2 f neu (x)={f x + I x N x + K x M x + J x L x } + {c max(p x,q x )+max(r x,s x )} f neu (x) (4) 2 K : M :2 J : L :2 AS P :AS Q :AS R :2 S :2 (4)

8 SP-B F (x) 3 (5) = F (x) F (x) < 0.8 F (x) < AS 5 AS (5) 9 A AS 12 AS AS AS 7 AS AS 23 AS 18 AS 3 2 A 9 AS A 5. AS

9 AS NAS AS NAS PC NAS 352 AS 1144 NAS 3.3 AS AS t t AS NAS p< AS 5 AS AS AS AS PC AS AS AS PC

10 SP-B knn SVM PC PC 1 k-nearest Neighbor knn Support Vector Machine SVM) knn k=1,svm c=1 WEKA[WEKA] 6 19 knn 15 SVM 16 knn SVM 1 7 AS PC 2 [ 05] PC [ 09] [ 10] PC PC

11 693 [ 06] AS [ 09c] 6. AS AS PC AS AS AS [Hudson 03] S.E. Hudson, J.Fogarty, C.G. Atkeson, D.Avrahami, J.Forlizzi and S.Kiesler: Predicting Human Interruptibility with Sensors:A Wizard of Oz Feasibility Study, Proc.ofthe SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp (2003) [ 09],, :, 2009, CD-ROM (2009) [ 98],,,,, : Valentine, Vol. 39, No. 5, pp (1998) [ 05],,, Vol. 7, No. 3, pp (2005) [Czerwinski 00a] Mary Czerwinski, Edward Cutrell and Eric Hirvutz: Instant Messaging: Effects of Relevance and Timing; people and computers XIV, Proc. of HCI2000, Vol. 2, pp (2000) [Czerwinski 00b] Mary Czerwinski, Edward Cutrell and Eric Hirvutz: Instant Messaging and Interruption: Influence of Task Type on Performance, Proc. of OZCHI2000, pp (2000) [ 04],,,, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp (2004) [ 06],,,,, Vol. J89-A, No. 10, pp (2006) [Lester 05] J.Lester, T.Choudhury, N.Kern, G.Borriello and B.Hannaford: A Hybrid Discriminative/Generative Approach for Modeling Human Activities, Proc. of IJCAI-05, pp (2005) [WEKA] WEKA, University of Waikato, [ 08],,,, :,, Vol. J91-A, No. 2, pp (2008) [ 10],, :, 72, DVD-ROM (2010) [ 05],,,, pp (2005) [ 09a],, :,, Vol. 50, No. 1, pp (2009) [ 09b], :,, Vol.21 No. 5 pp (2009) [ 09c], :,, Vol. J92-A No. 11 pp (2009) PC 1988

Vol. 23 No. 4 Oct. 2006 37 2 Kitchen of the Future 1 Kitchen of the Future 1 1 Kitchen of the Future LCD [7], [8] (Kitchen of the Future ) WWW [7], [3

Vol. 23 No. 4 Oct. 2006 37 2 Kitchen of the Future 1 Kitchen of the Future 1 1 Kitchen of the Future LCD [7], [8] (Kitchen of the Future ) WWW [7], [3 36 Kitchen of the Future: Kitchen of the Future Kitchen of the Future A kitchen is a place of food production, education, and communication. As it is more active place than other parts of a house, there