Japanese Kanji and Kana

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3 Table. Basic Rules for Writing by Hand Stroke direction. Horizontal strokes from left to right. Vertical or slanting strokes from top to bottom 一丨 丩 丰 3. A stroke may change direction several times 丵 丹 丄 乂 乃 丅 Stroke order a. From top to bottom b. From left to right c. Middle stroke before short flanking side-strokes 乆 乇 么 义 丈 乐 乑 乒 d. Horizontal stroke before intersecting vertical stroke 乖 乗 乘 丑 e. X-forming strokes: from upper right to lower left, then from upper left to lower right f. Piercing vertical stroke last If the vertical middle stroke does not protrude, upper part, then middle stroke, then lower part g. Piercing horizontal stroke last 乢 乣 乤 乥 书乧乨乩买乱 乲 乴 乵 乶 乷 乸 These handwriting rules for the stroke direction and order apply to kana as well as kanji. For a more-detailed explanation of kanji writing rules, see the summary on pages

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5 Japanese Kanji Kana AND A COMPLETE GUIDE TO THE JAPANESE WRITING SYSTEM WOLFGANG HADAMITZKY & MARK SPAHN TUTTLE Publishing Tokyo Rutland, Vermont Singapore

6 The Tuttle Story: Books to Span the East and West Most people are surprised to learn that the world s largest publisher of books on Asia had its beginnings in the tiny American state of Vermont. The company s founder, Charles E. Tuttle, belonged to a New England family steeped in publishing. And his first love was naturally books especially old and rare editions. Immediately after WW II, serving in Tokyo under General Douglas MacArthur, Tuttle was tasked with reviving the Japanese publishing industry, and founded the Charles E. Tuttle Publishing Company, which thrives today as one of the world s leading independent publishers. Though a westerner, Charles was hugely instrumental in bringing a knowledge of Japan and Asia to a world hungry for information about the East. By the time of his death in 993, Tuttle had published over 6,000 books on Asian culture, history and art a legacy honored by the Japanese emperor with the Order of the Sacred Treasure, the highest tribute Japan can bestow upon a non-japanese. With a backlist of,500 titles, Tuttle Publishing is more active today than at any time in its past inspired by Charles core mission to publish fine books to span the East and West and provide a greater understanding of each. Published by Tuttle Publishing, an imprint of Periplus Editions (HK) Ltd. Copyright 0 by Wolfgang Hadamitzky and Mark Spahn All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without prior written permission from the publisher. Third edition, 0 Second edition, 997 First edition, 98 German language edition published in 979 by Verlag Enderle GmbH, Tokyo; in 980 by Langenscheidt KG, Berlin and Munich Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data for this title is available. Third edition MP Printed in Singapore Distributed by North America, Latin America & Europe Tuttle Publishing 364 Innovation Drive North Clarendon, VT U.S.A. Tel: (80) Fax: (80) info@tuttlepublishing.com Japan Tuttle Publishing Yaekari Building, 3rd Floor, 5-4- Osaki Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo Tel: (8) Fax: (8) sales@tuttle.co.jp Asia Pacific Berkeley Books Pte. Ltd. 6 Tai Seng Avenue #0- Singapore Tel: (65) Fax: (65) inquiries@periplus.com.sg TUTTLE PUBLISHING is a registered trademark of Tuttle Publishing, a division of Periplus Editions (HK) Ltd.

7 Table of Contents Preface... 6 Introduction... 8 Romanization... 0 The Kana Syllabaries... 4 Origin... 4 Order... 8 Writing... 3 Orthography... 6 Usage Punctuation The Kanji Brief Historical Outline From Pictures to Characters... 4 Readings Rules for Writing Kanji Lexical Order Tips on Learning Kanji Explanation of the Jōyō Kanji Entries The Jōyō Kanji List Index by Radicals Index by Stroke Count Index by Readings List of Tables The Syllabaries (inside front cover) Basic Rules for Writing by Hand (front endpaper) 3 Transliteration (Hepburn romanization)... 4 Hiragana Derivations Katakana Derivations Alphabetical order of the syllables of the Fifty-Sounds Table and supplementary table Example of Dictionary Order... 8 The Iroha Syllable Order... 9 How to Write Hiragana How to Write Katakana... 5 Important Katakana Combinations... 9 Punctuation Marks The 79 Radicals (with variants) The 4 Traditional Radicals The Most Important of the 4 Traditional Radicals The 4 Traditional Radicals and Their Meanings The 80 Graphemes (without variants) 65 8 The 79 Radicals (without variants) (back endpaper) 9 Checklist for Determining the Radical of a Character (inside back cover) 5 5

8 Preface Fourteen years after it was last revised, this standard work of the Japanese writing system has been expanded and completely updated. The main part of the book now lists,4 kanji (formerly,945). In addition, with its 9 tables, it presents a fresh, modern design. A feature of this handbook is its double usefulness as both a textbook and a reference work. It serves beginners as well as those who want to look up individual kanji via the three indexes. And the many tables provide a quick overview of all important aspects of the Japanese writing system. The information is so organized and presented the pronunciation of each character is spelled out in roman letters as to allow easy entry into the Japanese writing system for beginners and those who are learning on their own, providing the background anyone needs to know to become able to read Japanese without constantly looking up one kanji after another. All the information about the hiragana and katakana syllabaries and the kanji is based on the official orthography rules of the Japanese government. The,4 kanji listed in the main part of this book include the,36 characters of the Revised List of Kanji for General Use ( 改定常用漢字表, 00) as well as five further kanji that were dropped from the official list that was in effect up to 00. This work is divided into three parts:. Introductory chapters A general introduction to transliteration is followed by a presentation of the two sets of phonetic characters, the hiragana and the katakana (called collectively the kana). Then comes a section devoted to punctuation. Next is a general introduction to the world of the ideographic characters, the kanji: how they arose, how they are put together, how to write them, how to read (pronounce) them, what they mean, how to find them in a character dictionary, and tips for how to learn them effectively.. List of the,36 Jōyō Kanji The bulk of the book is made up of the official list of the,36 Jōyō Kanji. The order of presentation is based on pedagogical principles, proceeding from simple, frequent kanji to those that are more complex and occur less often. Within this general framework, characters that are graphically similar are presented together in order to call attention to their similarities and differences in form, reading, and meaning. Each head-kanji is set in a modern, appealing font, and is accompanied by: its running identification number from to 4, how it is written (stroke by stroke) and its stroke-count; its readings and corresponding meanings; its handwritten form and variants; its structure and graphic components; its radical; and its location in more-comprehensive character dictionaries. Under each head-kanji are listed up to five important compounds with reading and meaning. These compounds are made up of earlier-listed characters having lower identification numbers 6

9 (with only a few exceptions). So working through the kanji in the order they are presented in this book will make it easier for you to build up a vocabulary while reviewing what you have learned before. Each compound is labeled with the numbers of its constituent kanji, for quick review lookup. In all, the kanji list and compounds contain a basic Japanese vocabulary of over,000 words. 3. Indexes Each of the,4 characters in the kanji list can be looked up via three indexes at the end of the book: by reading, by stroke-count, and by radical. Acknowledgments The revision of this book is owed primarily to Mr. and Mrs. Rainer and Seiko Weihs, who prepared and proofed all the data in their usual competent, patient, detailed way and produced the typographically complex work you hold in your hands. The quality of the data was considerably improved by the many additional suggestions of Mrs. Vera Rathje and Mrs. Violaine Mochizuki. To all of them we express our heartfelt thanks. Buckow, Germany, August 0 West Seneca, New York, USA, August 0 Wolfgang Hadamitzky Mark Spahn Further study aids and dictionaries by the authors on the Japanese writing system A Guide to Writing Japanese Kanji & Kana. Books,. 99 Writing templates for the kana syllabaries and the kanji to 945. Kanji in Motion. (KiM) 0 Game and tutorial program. Trains the user for rapidly recognizing and reading all kana and Jōyō Kanji. KanjiVision. (KV) 0 Web-based Japanese-English character dictionary. Contains about 6,000 head-kanji and 48,000 multi-kanji compound words. Search options: by grapheme (up to six per character), reading (in romanization or kana), meaning, stroke-count, and kanji (copied from other sources). 7

10 Introduction Japanese is written in a mixture (called kanji-kana majiri ) of three types of symbols, each with its own function:. Kanji These ideographic characters, adopted from the Chinese language, are used for conceptual words (mainly nouns, verbs, and adjectives) and for Japanese and Chinese proper names.. Hiragana Written with hiragana are the inflectional endings of conceptual words as well as all words, mostly of grammatical function, that are not written in kanji. 3. Katakana Katakana are used to write foreign names and other words of foreign origin, and to emphasize individual words. Besides kanji, hiragana, and katakana, one often finds in Japanese texts the same roman letters and Hindu-Arabic numerals as in English; for example, the semigovernmental radio and television broadcasting corporation 日本放送協会 Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai is abbreviated NHK (the letters are pronounced as in English), and in horizontal writing, numbers are usually written with Hindu-Arabic numerals rather than with kanji. There has never been an independent, purely Japanese system of writing. Around the seventh century the attempt was first made to use Chinese characters to represent Japanese speech. In the ninth century the Japanese simplified the complex Chinese ideographs into what are now the two sets of kana (hiragana and katakana). Each of these kana syllabaries encompasses all the syllables that occur Japanese, so it is quite possible to write exclusively in kana, just as it would be possible to write Japanese exclusively in romanization. In practice, however, this would hamper communication due to the large number of words that are pronounced alike but have different meanings; these homophones are distinguished from each other by being written with different kanji. Japanese today is written either in vertical columns proceeding from right to left or in horizontal lines which are read from left to right. The traditional vertical style is seen mostly in literary works. The horizontal European style, recommended by the government, is found more in scientific and technical literature. Newspapers use both styles: most articles are written vertically, headlines and advertisements appear in both styles, and radio and television program listings are laid out horizontally. Handwritten Japanese may be written either vertically or horizontally. For writing practice it is recommended that the beginner use either manuscript paper (genkō yōshi), which has space for either 00 or 400 characters per page, or the practice manuals that accompany this text. There, each kana, and each kanji from to 945, is presented twice in gray for tracing over, followed by empty spaces for free writing. 8

11 Whether handwritten or printed, the individual characters are written separately one after another; the characters of a single word are not strung together, nor are any blank spaces left between words. Here the conventions governing the use of kanji and kana for different types of words aid the reader in determining where one word ends and the next begins. All the characters within a text are written in the same size; there is no distinction analogous to that between capital and lowercase letters. As with roman letters, there are a few differences between the printed and handwritten forms, which sometimes makes character recognition difficult for the beginner. In order to familiarize the student with these differences, each of the,4 kanji presented in the main section of this book and in the practice manuals appears in three ways: in brush form, in a model handwritten form, and in printed form. Within the printed forms of kanji, there are various typefaces, but the differences between them are usually insignificant. In handwriting (with brush or pen), three styles are distinguished:. The standard style (kaisho), which is taught as the norm in school and is practically identical to the printed form. All the handwritten characters in this volume are given in the standard style.. The semicursive style (gyōsho), a simplification of the standard style that allows one to write more flowingly and rapidly. 3. The cursive style or grass hand (sōsho), which is a kind of calligraphic shorthand resulting from extreme simplification according to esthetic standards. Kaisho Gyōsho Sōsho And in practice, several frequently occurring characters are sometimes used in greatly simplified forms which are not officially recognized; for example, the characte 門 is sometimes simplified to, 曜 to, and 第 to. And let it be noted that there is also a Japanese shorthand intended for purely practical rather than artistic purposes. Since the 980s Japanese has been written less often by brush, pencil, and pen, and more often by keyboard. But even if your goal is simply to be able to read, and the need to eventually write Japanese by hand seems slight, writing practice is still worthwhile, because it familiarizes you with the characters, fixes them in your mind, and gets you to notice details that can help in recognizing characters and being able to look them up in a character dictionary. And perhaps writing practice will stimulate an interest in calligraphy, one of the oldest of the Japanese arts. 9

12 Romanization Writing Japanese with the same roman letters as in English presents no problems; the Japanese language can easily be transliterated using only roman letters and two diacritical marks. So why haven t the Japanese adopted such an alphabet to replace a system of writing which even they find difficult? The answer lies in the large number of homophones, especially in the written language: even in context it is frequently impossible to uniquely determine the sense of a word without knowing the characters it is written with. Other rational as well as more emotional considerations, including a certain inertia, make it very unlikely that the Japanese writing system will undergo such a thorough overhaul. In 95 the Japanese government issued recommendations for the transliteration of Japanese into roman letters. Two tables (on pages and 3) summarize the two recommended systems of romanization, which are both in use today and differ only slightly from each other:. The kunrei-shiki rōmaji system Patterned after the Fifty-Sounds Table in which the kana syllables are arranged, the initial consonant sound of all five syllable in each row is represented uniformly with the same roman letter, regardless of any phonetic variation associated with the different vowel sounds.. The Hebon-shiki rōmaji system This romanization system too follows the kana characters. The Hebon-shikii was developed by a commission of Japanese and foreign scholars in 885 and was widely disseminated a year later through its use in a Japanese-English dictionary compiled by the American missionary and philologist James Curtis Hepburn (in Japanese: Hebon). In Hepburn romanization the consonant sounds are spelled as in English, and the vowel sounds as in Italian. The Japanese government romanization recommendations of 95 favor kunrei-shiki rōmaji, but explicitly allow the use of Hebon-shiki rōmaji, especially in texts for foreigners. The Hepburn system allows an English speaker to approximate the original Japanese pronunciation without the need to remember any unfamiliar pronunciation rules, and is therefore less likely to lead a non-japanese into mispronunciation. A good illustration of this is the name of Japan s sacred mountain, which is spelled Fuji in the Hepburn system but misleadingly as Huzi in the kunrei system. That is why the transliterations in this book are spelled with Hepburn ro- manization. The following transliteration rules are taken from the official recommendations. The examples as well as the remarks in parentheses have been added.. The end-of-syllable sound ん is always written n (even when it appears before the labials b, p, or m and is phonetically assimilated to m: konban, kanpai, kanmuri).. When needed to prevent mispronunciation, an apostrophe [ ] is inserted to separate the end-of-syllable sound n from a following vowel or y: man ichi, kon yaku. 0

13 3. Assimilated, or stretched, sounds (soku-on) are represented (as in Italian) by double consonants: mikka, massugu, hatten, kipp u: sh becomes ssh, ch become tch, and ts becomes tts: ressha, botchan, mittst u. 4. Long vowels are marked with a circumflex [^] (this does not correspond to the kana orthography), and if a long vowel is capitalized, it may be doubled instead. (In practice the simpler macron [ ] has become prevalent: mā, ā yūjin, dōzo. The lengthening of i and (in words of Chinese origin) of e is indicated by appending an i: oniisan, meishi i (but: onēsan). In foreign words and names written in katakana, the long vowels i and e are written with a macron if in the original Japanese they are represented by a lengthening stroke [ ー ]: ビール bīru, メートル mētoru, ベートーベン Bētōben (but: スペイン Supein, エイト eito.) 5. For the representation of certain sounds there are no binding rules. (Short, sudden brokenoff vowels at the end of a word or syllable glottal stops, or soku-on are denoted in this book by adding an apostrophe: a, are, ji.) 6. Proper names and the first word of every sentence are capitalized. The capitalization of substantives is optional: Ogenki desu ka? Nippon, Tōkyō, Tanaka, Genji Monogatari, Kanji or kanji. The only real problem in romanizing Japanese text, in which there are no spaces between words, is in deciding where one word ends and the next begins. Basically, it is recommended that independent units thought of as words should be written separately: Hon o sagashite iru n desu. Hyphens serve clarity by separating word units without running them together in a single word: Tōkyō-to, Minato-ku, Tanaka-san. For sake of legibility, compounds made up of four or more kanji should be partitioned into units of two or three kanji each: 源氏物語 Genji Monogatari, 海外旅行 kaigai ryokō, 民主主義 minshu shugi. But we will refrain from any further discussion of proper romanization, which in any case is just a side-issue in a work whose aim is to get the learner as soon as possible to the passive and active mastery of the original Japanese text.

14 Table 3. Transliteration (Hepburn romanization) Fifty-Sounds Table あア a いイ i うウ u えエ e おオ o k かカ ka きキ ki くク ku けケ ke こコ ko s さサ sa しシ shi/si すス su せセ se そソ so t たタ ta ちチ chi/ti つツ tsu/tu てテ te とト to n なナ na にニ ni ぬヌ nu ねネ ne のノ no h はハ ha (wa) ひヒ hi ふフ fu/hu へヘ he (e) ほホ ho m まマ ma みミ mi むム mu めメ me もモ mo y やヤ ya ゆユ yu よヨ yo r らラ ra りリ ri るル ru れレ re ろロ ro w わワ wa ゐ * ヰ* i ゑ * ヱ* e をヲ wo * obsolete んン n g がガ ga ぎギ gi ぐグ gu げゲ ge ごゴ go z ざザ za じジ ji/zi ずズ zu ぜゼ ze ぞゾ zo d だダ da ぢヂ ji/zi づヅ zu でデ de どド do b ばバ ba びビ bi ぶブ bu べベ be ぼボ bo p ぱパ pa ぴピ pi ぷプ pu ぺペ pe ぽポ po a i u e o

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16 The Kana Syllabaries Origin The characters (kanji) in Chinese texts brought into Japan via Korea beginning in the fourth century gradually came to be adopted by the Japanese for writing their own language, for which there was no native system of writing. The characters were used phonetically to represent similar-sounding Japanese syllables; the meanings of the characters were ignored. In this way one could represent the sound of any Japanese word. But since each Chinese character corresponded to only one syllable, in order to write a single multisyllabic Japanese word one had to write several kanji, which frequently consist of a large number of strokes. Hiragana To simplify this bothersome process, instead of the full angular style (kaisho) of the kanji, a cursive, simplified, derivative style (sōsho) was used. In addition, the flowing and expressive lines of the sōsho style were felt to be better suited for literary notation. Toward the end of the Nara period (70 794) and during the Heian period (794 85) these symbols underwent a further simplification, in which esthetic considerations played a part, resulting in a stock of phonetic symbols which was extensive enough to represent all the sounds of the Japanese language. This was the decisive step in the formation of a purely phonetic system for representing syllables. These simple syllable-symbols, today known as hiragana, were formerly referred to as onna-de, ladies hand, since they were first used in letters and literary writing by courtly women of the Heian period, who were ignorant of the exclusively male domain of Chinese learning and literature and the use of Chinese characters. But the hiragana gradually came to prevail as a standard syllabary. The hiragana syllabary in use today was laid down in the year 900 in a decree for elementary schools. Two obsolete characters were dropped as part of orthographic reforms made shortly after World War II. As a result, today there are 46 officially recognized hiragana. The now-obsolete kana that were dropped by the above decree, and which were derived from different kanji, are called hentai-gana (deviant-form kana). Katakana The katakana symbols were developed only a little later than the hiragana. While listening to lectures on the classics of Buddhism, students wrote in their text notations on the pronunciation or meaning of unfamiliar characters, and sometimes wrote commentaries between the lines of certain passages. Doing so required a kind of note-taking shorthand. This practice resulted in the development of a new phonetic script based on Chinese characters, the katakana syllabary. Each katakana is taken from one component of a kaisho-style Chinese character corresponding to a particular syllable. This makes the katakana more angular than the hiragana, which are cursive simplifications of entire kanji. In a few cases the katakana is only a slight alteration of a simple kanji: チ ( 千 ), ハ ( 八 ), ミ ( 三 ). 4

17 Since katakana were closely associated with science and learning, for a long time these angular phonetic symbols were used only by men. As with the hiragana, the final form of the katakana in use today was prescribed in 900 in a decree for elementary schools. And the number officially recognized katakana is today 46, the same as for hiragana. A kana takes on not just the form of the kanji from which it is derived, but also its adopted Chinese pronunciation, called its on reading. Three kana are exceptions: in チ ( 千 chi ), ミ ( 三 mittsu), and と / ト ( 止 tomaru), the pronunciation comes not from the on reading of the kanji, but from the first syllable of its native-japanese kun reading. The pronunciation of a word written in kanji that the reader might not know how to read can be specified by marking the kanji with little kana, usually hiragana. These annotation kana for indicating pronunciation are called furigana. In horizontal writing they are written above the kanji, and in vertical writing they are written to the right of the kanji (for examples, see page 3). The derivation tables on the following two pages show which kanji each kana is derived from. 5

18 Table 4. Hiragana Derivations あ安い以う宇え衣お於 a 05 i 46 u 07 e 690 o 4h4. か加き幾く久け計こ己 ka 7 ki 897 ku 73 ke 340 ko 37 さ左し之す寸せ世そ曽 sa 75 shi 0a.9 su 070 se 5 so 450 た太ち知つ川て天と止 ta 639 chi 4 tsu 33 te 4 to 485 な奈に仁ぬ奴ね祢の乃 na 947 ni 77 nu 8 ne 4e4. no 0a.0 は波ひ比ふ不へ部ほ保 ha 677 hi 8 fu 94 he 86 ho 498 ま末み美む武め女も毛 ma 305 mi 405 mu 07 me 0 mo 87 や也ゆ由よ与 ya 0a3.9 yu 364 yo 548 ら良り利る留れ礼ろ呂 ra 3 ri 39 ru 774 re 630 ro 396 わ和ゐ為ゑ恵を遠 wa 4 i 88 e 8 o 453 ん无 n 0a4.4 The number or (for non-jōyō-kanji) descriptor below each kanji tells where its entry can be found in this book or in the kanji dictionaries by Spahn/Hadamitzky. 6

19 Table 5. Katakana Derivations ア イ ウ エ オ a d5.6 i a4.6 u 07 e 840 o 4h4. カ キ ク ケ コ ka 7 ki 897 ku 73 ke 570 ko 37 サ シ 之 ス セ ソ sa 78 shi 0a.9 su 53 se 5 so 450 タ チ 千 ツ 川 テ ト ta 9 chi 5 tsu 33 te 4 to 485 ナ ニ ヌ ネ ノ na 947 ni 77 nu 8 ne 4e4. no 0a.0 ハ 八 ヒ フ ヘ ホ ha 0 hi 8 fu 94 he 86 ho 498 マ ミ 三 ム メ モ ma 305 mi 4 mu 4g. me 0 mo 87 ヤ ユ ヨ ya 0a3.9 yu 364 yo 548 ラ リ ル レ ロ ra 3 ri 39 ru 47 re 630 ro 396 ワ ヰ ヱ ヲ wa 4 i 55 e 8 o 0a5.7 ン n 0a4.3 The number or (for non-jōyō-kanji) descriptor below each kanji tells where its entry can be found in this book or in the kanji dictionaries by Spahn/Hadamitzky. 7

20 Order Table (inside the front cover) shows the usual alphabetical order of the hiragana and katakana syllable-characters. It is based on Indian alphabets which, like the Devanagari alphabet today, order their syllables according to their articulatory phonetics. Around the year 000 people in Japan began to arrange the Japanese syllables and syllable-characters, which had been in use since early in the Heian period, into a sequence according to their pronunciation following the Indian example. The result was the so-called Fifty-Sounds Table (gojū-on-zu), a syllabary in which every syllable is assigned a character. Of the 46 characters in all, 40 are arranged in groups of five each that belong together phonetically; five are arranged in corresponding slots in this arrangement, and one lies outside this arrangement. The table appears in two formats: with the named groups arranged either in vertical columns (Table ), or in horizontal rows (Ta bles 4 and 5, pages 6 and 7). In the vertical arrangement, the characters in the Fifty-Sounds Table begin with the right column and are read from top to bottom. Thus the Japanese syllable alphabet begins a, i, u, e, o; ka, ki, ku, ke, ko,. The five characters in each column (dan) are arranged according to their vowel sounds, in the order a-i-u-e-o, and the ten characters in each row (gyō) are arranged according to their initial consonant sound, in the order ø k s t n h m y r w.(this is sometimes memo- rized as a-ka-sa-ta-na, ha-ma-ya-ra-wa in the sing-song musical rhythm of do-re-mi-fa-so, sofa-mi-re-do.) This systematic ordering makes it easy to memorize the Japanese aiueo alphabet. The end-of-syllable sound n lies outside the scheme of the Fifty-Sounds Table, because purely Japanese words do not use this sound. The n was not tacked on to the Fifty-Sounds Table until Chinese characters and their pronunciation made their way into the Japanese language. The Fifty-Sounds Table can be written in either hiragana or katakana. The two kana syllabaries have no symbols in common (although their he characters へ and ヘ are nearly indistinguishable), but they denote the same sounds in the same order. Let it be noted that the major writing systems of the world arrange their characters by any of three different principles. The European alphabets are based on the oldest Semitic alphabet, which is ordered according to meaning and pictorial similarity; the Arabic alphabet is ordered according to the form of its characters; while the Devangari alphabet of India, with which Sanskrit and Hindi is written, is ordered according to the sounds of the characters. Despite their fundamental differences, the three basic alphabet systems have some commonalities, including putting the vowel a at the beginning of the alphabet. Two diacritical marks make it possible to represent beginning-of-syllable consonants that cannot be represented by the unmodified kana. Thus the muddied, that is, voiced sounds g, z, d, and b (called daku-on) are denoted by putting a mark [ ], called a daku-ten or nigori-ten, on the upper right of the corresponding unvoiced kana. And the half-muddied sound p- (handakuon) is denoted by putting a mark [ ], called a handaku-ten or maru, on the upper right of the corresponding h- kana. Combinations of kana are used to represent some sounds, most of which were adopted 8

21 from Chinese. One-syllable twisted sounds (yō-on: consonant + y + a, u or o) and assimilated sounds (soku-on: unvoiced doubled consonants, or glottal stop) are written with two kana, the second of which is written smaller; and the one-syllable combination yō-on + soku-on is written with three kana, the last two of which are written smaller. The assimilated sounds do not appear in the usual syllabary tables. Shown here are a few examples of how they are spelled and romanized. あっアッ あっかアッカ あっきゃアッキャ a akka akkya かっカッ かっかカッカ きゃっかキャッカ ka kakka kyakka In Japanese, alphabetical order also known as dictionary order or lexical order is based on the Fifty-Sounds Table (see Table 3, pages and 3). But with any alphabet of characters that have variants, when alphabetizing a list of words, we need tie-breaking rules to decide which of two words comes first when they differ only by length (e.g., china vs. chinaware, あな vs. あなば ), by diacritical mark (resume vs. résumé, はり vs. ばり vs. ぱり ), by character-size (china vs. China, かつて vs. かって ), or, in Japanese, by the hiragana/katakana distinction ( これら vs. コレラ ). One solution (others are possible) is given in Table 6, in which the alphabetical order proceeds down the columns, taking the columns from right to left. Table 7 gives examples of words sorted into kana alphabetical order, taking the columns from left to right. One way to get a different alphabetical order from any set of characters is to arrange them in a perfect pangram, in which every character occurs just once. For example, the 6 letters of the English alphabet can be rearranged into the odd sentence TV quiz jock, Mr. PhD, bags few lynx. And something similar happened with the kana during the Heian period: they were arranged into a Buddhist poem, called the Iroha from its first three kana. Its first characters イロハニホヘト are used today for labeling items in sequence, such as subheadings, items in a list, or the musical keys A to G. The Fifty-Sounds Table contains 46 kana, but the Iroha contains 47, because it includes the two now-obsolete kana ゐ (w)i and ゑ (w)e, and lacks the kana ん n. This Iroha poem is reproduced line by line on page, along with a translation. Romanized Japanese can be alphabetized as in English, and this is done in Japanese-foreign language dictionaries. 9

22 Table 6. Alphabetical order of the syllables of the Fifty-Sounds Table and supplementary table ン ワ ラ ヤ マ ハ バ パ ナ タダ サザ カガ ア リ ミ ヒ ビ ピ ニ チヂ シジ キギ イ リャ ミャ ヒャ ビャ ピャ ニャ チャ シャ ジャ キャギャ リュ ミュ ヒュ ビュ ピュ ニュ チュ シュ ジュ キュギュ リョ ミョ ヒョ ビョ ピョ ニョ チョ ショ ジョ キョギョ ル ユ ム フ ブ プ ヌ ツヅ スズ クグ ウヴ レ メ ヘ ベ ペ ネ テデ セゼ ケゲ エ ヲ ロ ヨ モ ホ ボ ポ ノ トド ソゾ コゴ オ 0

23

24 Table 8. The Iroha Syllable Order い i ろ ro は ha に ni ほ ho へ he と to ち chi り ri ぬ nu る ru を (w)o わ wa か ka よ yo た ta れ re そ so つ tsu ね ne な na ら ra む mu う u ゐ (w)i の no お o く ku や ya ま ma け ke ふ fu こ ko え e て te あ a さ sa き ki ゆ yu め me み mi し shi ゑ (w)e ひ hi も mo せ se す su The Iroha (Japanese: iroha-uta) was composed as a mnemonic poem in which every kana of the syllabary occurs only once. (Translation by Basil Hall Chamberlain, ) iro ha nihoheto chrinuru wo waka yo tare so tsune naramu uwi no okuyama kefu koete asaki yume mishi wehi mo sesu Though gay in hue, the blossoms flutter down also, Who then in this world of ours may continue forever? Crossing today the uttermost limits of phenomenal existence, I shall no more see fleeting dreams, Neither be any longer intoxicated.

25 七 Writing The two kana syllabaries are the best first step toward mastering the Japanese writing system, because: a. They are limited in number (46 hiragana, 46 katakana). b. They are simple in form (one to four strokes each). c. There is a one-to-one correspondence between sound and symbol (except for two characters, which each have two readings). d. Each syllabary encompasses all the sounds of the Japanese language, so that any text can be written down in kana (as is done in books for small children). It is debatable which set of kana should be learned first. Hiragana occur far more frequently, but katakana are used to write words of foreign origin, including English words the beginner might recognize from their Japanese pronunciation. The following two principles govern the sequence and direction in which to write the strokes of a kana (as well as of a kanji):. From top to bottom. From left to right In Tables 9 and 0, the small numbers at the beginning of each stroke indicate the direction in which each stroke is written, the sequence in which the strokes are written, and how many strokes the kana consists of: Japanese is handwritten not on lines but (even for adults) in a printed or at least imaginary grid of squares. In learning how to write, it is recommended that from the beginning you use Japanese manuscript paper (genkō yōshi) or the practice manuals that accompany this book. Tracing over the gray-tone characters in the practice manuals is the quickest way to get a feel for the proper proportions of each character: あ あ あ い い い う う う え え え お お お 3

26 Table 9. How to Write Hiragana 4

27 Table 0. How to Write Katakana 5

28 Orthography Modern kana orthography (gendai kanazukai) reflects pronunciation closely. This section explains, with examples, the most important orthographic rules. The long vowels (chō-on) ā, ii i and ū are represented by appending あ, い, or う : ああ ā Ah! Oh! おかあさん okāsan mother いいえ iie no おにいさん oniisan elder/older brother ゆうがた yūgata evening すうがく sūgaku mathematics Long ē/ei is written in words of Japanese reading (kun), with an appended え : ねえ nē indeed, right? おねえさん onēsan elder/older sister in words of Sino-Japanese reading (on), with an appended い : ていねい teinei polite きれい kirei pretty; clean Long ō is normally represented with an appended う : どうぞ dōzo please おはよう ohayō Good moming. In some cases, however, お is appended instead of う : おおい ( 多い ) ōi numerous おおきい ( 大きい ) ōkii big オオカミ ōkami wolf おおやけ ( 公 ) ōyake public, official こおり ( 氷 ) kōri ice とお ( 十 ) tō ten とおい ( 遠い ) tōi far とおる ( 通る ) tōru go along/through, pass ほのお ( 炎 ) honō flame もよおす ( 催す ) moyōsu sponsor These historically based spelling exceptions need not concern you too much, because these words are usually written with kanji in such a way (shown in parentheses) that the problem does not arise. 6

29 In the transliteration of foreign words into katakana, long vowels are denoted by a lengthening stroke ( ー ): But: コーヒー kōhī coffee ビール bīru beer ボール bōru ball ダンサー dansā dancer エスカレーター esukarētā escalator エイト eito eight スペイン Supein Spain The voiced sounds (daku-on, muddied sounds) g-, z-, d-, and b- are denoted with a pair of short diagonal strokes (nigori) on the upper right corner of the corresponding unvoiced character, and the half-muddied sound (handaku-on) p- is similarly denoted with a small circle (maru): がガ ざザ だダ ばバ ぱパ ga za da ba pa etc. The twisted sounds (yō-on), which do not have characters of their own either, are denoted with two kana; the first is taken from the i column, and the second from the ya row. The second kana is written smaller to indicate that the sounds of the two characters are merged into a single syllable: きゃキャ きゅキュ きょキョ kya kyu kyo ぎゃギャ ぎゅギュ ぎょギョ gya gyu gyo etc. Assimilated sounds (soku-on), that is, those sound that are represented in romanization by a doubled consonant, are denoted by a small っ / ッ before the consonant sound: れっしゃ ressha train じっぷん jippun ten minutes ロケット roketto rocket Short, broken-off vowels at the end of a word or syllable (final glottal stops, soku-on) are likewise denoted by a small っ / ッ : あっ a Oh! ジッ ji (an on reading of the kanji 十 for ten) 7

30 The sounds ji and zu are usually written じ / ジ and ず / ズ : まじめ majime serious, sober まずい mazui bad-tasting ラジオ rajio radio ジャズ jazu jazz But づ and ぢ are used a. when the preceding syllable (of the same word) is the same character without the nigori mark: つづり tsuzuri syllable, spelling つづく tsuzuku continue ちぢむ chijimu shrink b. when the syllable つ or ち is voiced to zu or ji in a compound word: かなづかい ( かな+つかい ) kanazukai kana orthography きづかれ ( き+つかれ ) kizukare mental fatigue はなぢ ( はな+ち ) hanaji nosebleed Sometimes the spelling rules in a. and b. are not followed, and tsuzuri and hanaji appear, and are alphabetized in dictionaries, under the spellings つずり and はなじ rather than つづり and はなぢ. The syllables e, o, and wa are written え / エ, お / オ, and わ / ワ when part of a word: いいえ iie no なお nao further, still more わたし watashi I, me エネルギー enerugī energy オペラ opera opera ワシントン Washinton Washington But the same three sounds are written へ / ヘ, を / ヲ, and は / ハ when they represent postpositional auxiliary words (joshi): わたしは Watashi wa I [subject] はがきを hagaki o the postcard [direct object] ポストへいれた posuto e ireta. put into the mailbox. または mata wa or こんにちは konnichi wa Hello. The word 言う say is pronounced ゆう (yū) but written いう (iu). 8

31 Table. Important Katakana Combinations (in ABC alphabetical order) a e i o u c che チェ d di ディ f fa ファ fe フェ fi フィ fo フォ g gwa グァ h j hye ヒェ je ジェ k kwa クァ kwe クェ kwi クィ kwo クォ s she シェ t ti ティ tu トゥ ts tsa ツァ tse ツェ tso ツォ v va ヴァ ve ヴェ vi ヴィ vo ヴォ vu ヴ w we ウェ wi ウィ wo ウォ z zi ズィ Small-written katakana vowel symbols are used to represent foreign sounds that do not otherwise occur in Japanese. This table shows the most frequent katakana syllables in which such a small vowel occurs. The common rōmaji-to-kana text editors also accept the following variant transliterations for the following katakana combinations: ディ dhi, クァ qa, クェ qe, クィ qi, クォ qo, ティ thi, トゥ twu, ウォ who, ズィ zuxi. 9

32 Usage The following rules outline how the two syllabaries hiragana and katakana are used. Hiragana are used to write a. all types of words other than nouns, verbs, and adjectives: よく yoku well, often たぶん tabun probably この kono this, these あそこ asoko there かなり kanari quite, considerably まだ mada still, (not) yet だけ dake only へ e to b. nouns, verbs, and adjectives in certain cases (as when a formerly used kanji has become obsolete): ことわざ kotowaza proverb さん -san Mr./Mrs./Ms. する suru do, make できる dekiru can, be able きれい kirei pretty うれしい ureshii happy c. inflectional endings of words written with kanji: 行く i-ku go 行かない i-kanai not go 白い shiro-i white 祭り matsu-ri festival Hiragana used for writing word endings (gobi) are called okurigana. Sometimes not just the word s inflectional ending but also part of its stem (gokan) is written in hiragana: 新しい atara-shii new 大きい ō-kii big 食べる ta-beru eat 幸せ shiawa-se happiness 30

33 Katakana are used to write a. foreign-derived words: ビル biru building ビール bīru beer テーブル tēburu table b. foreign words and foreign proper names (except Chinese and some Korean proper names, which are written in kanji): アメリカ Amerika America ドイツ Doitsu Germany パリ Pari Paris (France, not Texas) シェークスピア Shēkusupia Shakespeare c. names of plants and animals (especially in a scientific context): ネズミ nezumi mouse, rat セミ semi cicada マグロ maguro tuna サクラ sakura cherry tree (the species) タンポポ tanpopo dandelion but: 犬 inu dog 桜 sakura cherry tree みかん mikan satsuma orange, mandarin d. some female given names: エミ マリ Emi Mari e. onomatopoeic words such as animal cries and other sounds; children s words; exclamations: ワンワン wan wan bowwow ニャーニャー nyā nyā meow ガタガタ gata gata (rattling sound) トントン ton ton (knocking sound) ピューピュー pyū pyū (sound of the wind) アレ / アレッ are/are Huh?! オヤ / オヤッ oya/oya Oh! 3

34 カタf. colloquialisms and slang: インチキ inchiki trickery, flimflam, crooked デカ deka police detective g. words and proper names that are to be emphasized: もうダメだ mō dame da Too late! ナゾの自殺 nazo no jisatsu a mysteeerious suicide トヨタ Toyota Toyota (company name) ヨコハマ Yokohama Yokohama (city name) The limited usage of katakana makes them stand out and often lends them a certain weight. This high visibility, which is often made use of in advertising, has somewhat the same effect that italics and capital letters have in Western languages. Both hiragana and katakana are used to show the pronunciation of kanji, like this: ひと一つ ひら平 がな 仮名 カンジ漢字 hitotsu hiragana kanji These small kana, written either above or below the kanji in horizontal writing and to the right of the kanji in vertical writing, are called furigana or rubi. In transliterating individual kanji, katakana are used for Chinese-derived (on) readings, and hiragana for native-japanese (kun) readings: 人ジン ニン ひと JIN, NIN (on), hito (kun) person In transliterating foreign words and proper names, the basic rule is that the katakana should follow as closely as possible the pronunciation of the original (usually English) word. But despite a general trend toward unification of the transliteration rules, some foreign words and names are rendered into katakana in more than one way: ベット betto bed ベッド beddo bed ダーウィン Dāwin Darwin ダーウイン Dāwin Darwin For many foreign sounds there is nothing in the traditional Japanese sound and writing system that corresponds. These non-japanese sounds are represented by many new combinations of traditional katakana and diacritical marks (see also Table on page 9): 片仮カ名ナk atakana 3

35 フィリピン Firipin the Philippines ダーウィン Dāwin Darwin ヴィーン Vīn Vienna (Ger. Wien) ジュネーヴ Junēvu Geneva (Fr. Genève) デュッセルドルフ Dyusserudorufu Düsseldorf ティー tī tea クォータリー quōtarī quarterly (publication) For many words, an approximation using only the katakana in the Fifty-Sounds Table is preferred over a more-exact reproduction of the original pronunciation: バイオリン baiorin violin ビタミン bitamin vitamin チーム chīmu team ラジオ rajio radio ベートーベン Bētōben Beethoven The consonant l (ell), which does not occur in Japanese, is represented by r-: ホール hōru hall ラブレター raburetā love letter The kana repetition symbols (kurikaeshi fugō) If within a single word the same kana occurs twice in a row, the second occurrence can be replaced with the kana repetition symbol, thus: あゝ ā Ah! Oh! かゝし kakashi scarecrow This repetition symbol may also be used with a nigori: ほゞ hobo almost, nearly たゞし tadashi but, however The repetition symbol for two syllables is used only in vertical writing: iroiro わざ〳〵いろ〳various on purpose 〵wazawaza 33

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42 The Kanji Brief Historical Outline The oldest known Chinese characters date back to the sixteenth century B.C., but their number and advanced form indicate that they had already gone through a development of several hundred years. Like the Egyptian hieroglyphics, the earliest Chinese characters started with simple illustrations, which during the course of time became increasingly abstract and took on forms better adapted to the writing tools of the time. These characters, along with many other elements of Chinese culture, came to Japan by way of the Korean peninsula beginning in about the fourth century A.D., and since the Japanese had no writing of their own, the Chinese characters soon came to be used for the Japanese language as well. At first these monosyllabic Chinese characters were used purely phonetically, with no reference to their meaning, to represent similar Japanese syllables: 久尓 ku-ni country This method enabled one to write down any word, but a single multisyllabic Japanese word required several Chinese characters, each consisting of many strokes. A second method soon developed: the characters were used ideographically, with no reference to their Chinese pronunciation, to represent Japanese words of the same or related meaning: 国 kuni country Both methods are used in the Man yōshū, Japan s oldest collection of poetry, dating from the eighth century. Here, words denoting concepts are written with the corresponding Chinese characters, which are given the Japanese pronunciation. All other words, as well as proper names and inflectional endings, are represented phonetically by kanji which are read with a Japanese approximation to their Chinese pronunciation. The characters used for this latter, phonetic function are called Man yōgana. The kana syllabaries developed from these characters after great simplification (see pages 4 7). For centuries, kanji, hiragana, and katakana were used independently of one another, and the number of symbols in use and their readings kept growing. Toward the end of the 800s, after the Meiji Restoration, the government as part of its modernization program undertook to simplify the writing system for the first time. The latest major writing reform came shortly after World War II:. In 946 the number of kanji permitted for use in official publications was limited to,850 Tōyō Kanji (increased to,945 Jōyō Kanji in 98 and to,36 Jōyō Kanji in 00); of these, about 900 were selected as Kyōiku Kanji to be learned in the first six years of schooling. 40

43 . The on and kun readings of the Tōyō Kanji were limited in number to about 3,500 (increased to over 4,000 Jōyō Kanji readings in 98, and to 4,394 readings in 00). 3. Many kanji were simplified or replaced by others easier to write. 4. Uniform rules were prescribed for how to write the kanji (sequence and number of strokes). The print and television press strives to follow these and other government recommendations concerning how Japanese is to be written. A knowledge of the set of characters treated in this book will therefore be sufficient for reading Japanese newspapers without time-consuming reference to a character dictionary. To be sure, this assumes mastery of a vocabulary of at least 0,000 Japanese words, most of which, including proper names, consist of two or three kanji. This is an important reason for learning kanji not in isolation but always in the context of multikanji compounds. Since 95 the government has from time to time published a supplementary list of kanji which, together with the Jōyō Kanji, are permitted for use in given and family names. Some of the characters in this list of kanji for use in personal names (Jinmei-yō Kanji) are traditional kanji that were replaced with a simpler form in the reform of 946 and for a time were therefore no longer allowed, even though many families preferred to write their names with traditional, unsimplified characters. According to Japanese law, only the kanji and readings that appear in these two lists may be used in given and family names. The first list of personal-name characters, which was issued in 95, included 9 kanji; the latest list, issued in 009, includes 985. An average educated Japanese is familiar with about 3,000 kanji. Today roughly 6,000 7,000 characters are used in written Japanese, including technical and literary writing. The monumental Chinese-Japanese character dictionary Dai Kan-Wa Jiten (955 60, in 3 volumes), by the Japanese linguist and Sinologist Tetsuji Morohashi and colleagues, lists about 50,000 kanji and over 500,000 compounds, although most of them are obsolete and of merely historical interest, having been used only in China. 4

44 From Pictures to Characters Most characters are built up from a limited number of basic elements according to principles that are easily grasped. How these elements are put together determines the meaning, and often the pronunciation, of a kanji, and therefore familiarity with the most important elements and their use will make it easier to understand and memorize the,4 kanji in this book as well as those not included here. Chinese characters can be divided according to their origin and structure into three groups: pictures (pictographs), symbols (ideographs), and picture combinations (composed characters).. Pictographs The first characters developed from simple illustrations of objects and phenomena of daily life. Even in the abstract form used today, the object depicted can often still be recognized: 山 yama mountain (three towering peaks) 木 ki tree (trunk with branches) 田 ta field, paddy (square plot of land with ridges/furrows) There are only a few pictographs that are used today as independent characters. But they serve as building blocks for almost all the other characters.. Ideographs For abstract concepts, characters were invented that indicate meaning in only a few strokes (on readings in uppercase, kun readings in lowercase): 一 ICHI one 上 ue above 二 NI two 下 sita below 三 SAN three 中 naka middle 3. Composed characters To increase the stock of word signs, characters already available were put together in new combinations. At first two or three pictographs with the same or similar meanings were combined into a single new character (logogram): 林 hayashi woods ( 木 tree + 木 tree) 森 mori forest ( 木 tree + 木 tree + 木 tree) 明 akarui light, bright ( 日 sun + 月 moon) In other cases, the Chinese took the reading of one part of a newly created compound character as the reading of the entire characters (phonologogram): 理 RI reason 4

45 The pronunciation-indicating part is in this case the character 里, whose reading is ri. Over 90 percent of all kanji are combinations constructed according to this principle. In most cases the pronunciation-indicating part (which often also contributes to the meaning) appears on the right, and the meaning-indicating part on the left. Thus the phonologograms can be classified into six groups, corresponding to the position of the component indicates pronunciation (P) and of the component indicates meaning (M): M on left, P on right: 銅 DŌ copper ( 金 metal + 同 DŌ) P on left, M on right: 歌 KA sing ( 欠 yawn + 可 KA) M on top, P on bottom: 花 KA flower ( 艹 grass + 化 KA) P on top, M on bottom: 盛 SEI fill ( 皿 dish + 成 SEI) M outside, P inside: 園 EN garden ( 囗 enclosure + 袁 EN) P outside, M inside: 問 MON ask ( 口 mouth + 門 MON) The 7 structures The number of basic elements (graphemes) from which a kanji can be assembled is limited, and so is the number of patterns they form. There are basically 6 kanji structures that occur with any frequency. All other structures are denoted in this book by a square containing three dots. These structures, listed approximately in decreasing order of their frequency, are: In the Jōyō Kanji list of this book, the structure of each kanji is given along with its radical and i graphemes. When you learn a new kanji you should take note of its structure and components (graphemes), and as you build up you kanji vocabulary, you will encounter more and more often structures and graphemes you have seen before. Understanding how kanji are put together will not only make it easier and more fun to learn them well enough to write them from memory, but will also make it quicker to look up kanji and compounds in electronic character dictionaries. 43

46 Readings When Chinese texts were introduced into Japan, the Japanese adopted not only the Chinese characters but their readings as well. In being adapted to the Japanese phonetic system, the Chinese pronunciations were modified. For example, the distinction between the four tones of Chinese was ignored. (This is one reason for the large number of homophones in Japanese.) Later, Chinese characters were used to represent Japanese words of identical or similar meaning and were given Japanese readings. This explains why most kanji have both Chinese-derived (on) and native-japanese (kun) readings. And a given character might have two or three different on readings, because it was adopted from the Chinese language of different historical eras and different regions (dialects). Different kun readings for the same kanji, on the other hand, are accounted for by different nuances and parts of speech, as in 煙 EN, kemuri = smoke, kemu(ru) = to smoke, smolder, kemu(i) = smoky. In prescribing the Jōyō Kanji the government limited not only the number of characters rec- ognized for general use but also the number of officially authorized readings. Of the,36 Jōyō Kanji listed in this book,,40 have both an on and a kun reading, 83 have only an on reading, and 78 have only a kun reading. The kanji that have only a kun reading consist almost entirely of characters (called kokuji) that were created by the Japanese in imitation of the Chinese pattern. The character 働, meaning work, is the only kokuji to which a pseudo-on reading is attached; its on reading is DŌ, and its kun reading is hatara(ku). By convention, when it is necessary to distinguish between on and kun readings, an on reading is spelled with katakana or uppercase roman letters, and a kun reading is spelled with hiragana or lowercase roman letters. Whether a word is to be read with an on or a kun reading can be determined in most cases by the following criteria:. One-character words are read with their kun reading: 人 hito person 口 kuchi mouth 日 hi sun; day But: 本 HON book 一 ICHI one. Single characters and compounds with okurigana are pronounced with a kun reading: 一つ hitotsu one 見出し midashi headline 話し合う hanashiau talk together, converse 44

47 3. Compounds without okurigana are to be read with an on reading: 見物 KENBUTSU sight-seeing 人口 JINKŌ population But: 出口 deguchi exit Family names are usually read with a kun reading: 田中 Tanaka 鈴木 Suzuki 山田 Yamada 坂本 Sakamoto But: 本田 HONda 加藤 KATŌ The characters composing a given multi-kanji compound word are generally read either all on or all kun and are transcribed with lowercase roman letters or hiragana. (The representation of on readings by uppercase letters in the above examples was just to make them stand out.) Some compounds have two, and in rare cases three, different readings: 明日 myōnichi, asu tomorrow 一日 ichinichi, ichijitsu one day tsuitachi the first of the month Kanji that are used together with other characters exclusively (a) to convey the meaning of a word, disregarding the usual readings of the kanji; or (b) as phonetic symbols, disregarding the meanings of the individual kanji, are called ateji. (a) 大人 otona adult お母さん okāsan mother This group of convey meaning, ignore pronunciation ateji also includes the above readings asu for 明日 and tsuitachi i for 一日. (b) 出来る dekiru can, be able 独逸 Doitsu Germany (Deutschland) The kanji repetition symbol 々 (kurikaeshi fugō), which is not itself a kanji, has no reading of its own; it is read like the kanji for which it stands: 人々 (for 人人 ) hitobito people 山々 (for 山山 ) yamayama mountains 45

48 Rules for Writing Kanji At least at the beginning, reading practice should be supplemented by writing practice. Repeatedly writing an individual character together with compounds in which it occurs will help fix it in your mind and give you confidence in reading. And writing is the best way to master stroke-counting, which is indispensable for looking up kanji in a character dictionary or via the stroke-count index at the end of this book. Writing the most complex kanji will present no difficulties once you know how to apply the writing rules to the limited number of elements that make up any kanji. The main challenge is active writing: reproducing from memory a kanji you already can recognize. A good way to get a feel for the correct length, direction, and relative position of the constituent strokes of a kanji is to practice writing with either Japanese manuscript paper (genkō yōshi) or the writing practice manuals that supplement this book. The small sequential numbers at the beginning of each stroke in the following examples and in the main part of the book indicate, as with the kana, the direction in which each stroke is to be written and the order in which the strokes of a kanji are to be written; the last number gives the total number of strokes in the kanji. Table in the preceding section summarizes the most important rules for writing kanji.. Stroke direction Horizontal strokes are written from left to right: 一 Vertical or slanting strokes are written from top to bottom: 丨丩丰 An exception is the combination of a short slanting down-stroke followed by a short slanting up-stroke, as in the radicals sanzui 氵, nisui 冫, and yamaidare 疒 and in 求 and similar kanji: 乹亀亁亂 A stroke may change direction several times: 丵丹 乂乃丅 46

49 亅 了. Stroke order a. From top to bottom: 乆乇 b. From left to right: 么义 c. Middle stroke before short flanking side-strokes: 乐乑乒 But: d. With intersecting strokes, horizontal before vertical: 乖乗乘 Exceptions: e. With X-forming strokes, from upper right to lower left, then from upper left to lower right: 乣乢乤 f. A piercing vertical stroke is written last: 乥书乧乨乩买乱 If the vertical middle stroke does not protrude above or below, the sequence of strokes is: upper part, then middle stroke, then lower part: 乲乴 47

50 仂 亙 仁 争 什 仄 云 g. A piercing horizontal stroke is written last: 乵乶乷乸 h. First the vertical stroke, then the short horizontal stroke that adjoins it on the right: i. First the left and upper part of an outer enclosure: 互亓五井亖亗 But: j. A lower-left enclosure is written last: These stroke sequence rules should suffice; explaining every detail of the officially prescribed stroke-sequence rules would bloat this book, which explicitly presents the stroke sequence of every Jōyō Kanji anyway. The kanji repetition symbol 々 (kurikaeshi fugō), which is not itself a kanji, is written as follows: The character 々 stands for a repetition of the immediately preceding kanji, and is read like the kanji for which it stands: 一々 ichiichi one by one; every single thing 人々 hitobito people 山々 yamayama mountains 国々 kuniguni countries, every country 島々 shimajima (many) islands The repetition symbol is not used when the same kanji occurs in sequence just by coincidence: 民主主義 minshu shugi democracy ( democratic + ism ) 48

51

52 Direction of stroke () () () () () () (6) (4 6) (3) (3) (5) (3) 言 言 ڿڿ ڿ!ڤ 安 安 ϑ ϑ ϑ ᆏ! 立 立! 主 ଜ! 社 ᆯ良 ൦第! 終 ݛ 化 66 (likewise 語 67, etc.) 05 (likewise 字 0, etc.) (likewise 六 8, 方 70, 文, 高 90, 広 707, 玄 89, etc.) 主 55 (likewise 注 358, etc.) 社 ࡉ ࡉࡉ 308 (likewise 礼 630, etc.) 良 ໜ ໜໜ 3 (likewise 食 3, etc.) 第 ઓઓઓ 408 (likewise 等 578, etc.) 終 466 (likewise 紙 80, etc.) 化 ୠ 集 集 ᇇ! 令 令! 含 含 ե ե ե 54 (likewise 北 73, 死 75, 能 386, 考 550, 老 55, 比 8, etc.) 44 (likewise 進 443, etc.) 850 (likewise 冷 85, etc.) 37 Down-stroke with a hook at the end sweeping to the upper left () (4) (0) (4) (3) ᄄ! 木! 米 ൦第! 糸 特 木 米 ൡൡൡ 4 (likewise 来 69, 料 39, etc.) 第 ઓઓઓ 408 (likewise 弟 409, etc.) 糸 4 (likewise 終 466, 系 930, etc.) 特 ௦ ௦௦ 8 (likewise 株 754, etc.) 50 (likewise 本 5, 村 9, 架 768, etc.)

53 Curved stroke (4) (5) (0) (4) (5) () (4) (5) (4) () () (4) ᇿ 六 六 ༬༬༬! 央 央 Ѩ Ѩ Ѩ ݦ 家 家 ғ ғғ ၄ 返 返 ൱ ൱൱ ಆ 青 青! 子! 手 ऋ! 空 ᇇ! 令 ఘ! 心 ఱ人 ਮ! 込 8 (likewise 分 38, 外 83, 公 6, 船 377, etc.) 35 (likewise 美 405, 奥 484, 検 540, 漢 565, etc.) 65 (likewise 録 546, 求 737, 像 753, 隊 809, etc.) 448 (likewise 経 557, etc.) 08 (likewise 通 50, 育 46, 有 65, 背 338, 骨 340, etc.) 子 03 (likewise 了 94, 承 97, etc.) 手 57 空 ظظ ظ 40 (likewise 商 48, 深 545, 陸 678, etc.) 令 850 (likewise 冷 85, etc.) 心 97 (likewise 必 59, etc.) 人 फ़फ़फ़ (likewise 火 0, 欠 384, 入 5, 込 790, etc.) 込 ݛݛ ݛ 790 (likewise 進 443, etc.) Touching strokes or gap left between strokes ( 3) ( ) (3 4) ( ) (3 4) ߖ! 楽 楽 ԃ ԃ ԃ Ⴠ 又 又 ෭ ෭෭! 月 月 ڏ ڏ ڏ ᆏ 立 立 不 不 359 (likewise 果 496, 条 573, 栄 736, etc.) 700 (likewise 文 ) 7 (likewise 日 5, 田 35, 目 55, 耳 56, 当 77, 理 43, 門 6, 進 443, 酒 56, 恵 8, etc.) (likewise 玄 89, etc.) 94 5 (likewise 否 36, etc.)

54 Crossing strokes ( 3) ட! 女 女 0 (likewise 好 04, 安 05, etc.) Number of strokes () (4) (3) (3) 比!ۃ 衣! 公! 茶 比 8 (likewise 皆 596, etc.) 衣 ϰϰϰ 690 (likewise 依 69, 表 7, 裏 73, etc.) 公 ۷۷۷ 6 (likewise 育 46, 流 47, etc.) 茶 ૬૬૬ 5 (likewise 花 55, 薬 360, etc.) Position of stroke (3) ႘! 北 北 ළ ළ ළ 73 5 (likewise 背 338, etc.)

55 Lexical Order Looking up Japanese words requires two kinds of dictionaries. If you know how a word is pronounced, you can look it up easily in a dictionary arranged in aiueo alphabetical order. Otherwise you will need a character dictionary to look up how a kanji or multi-kanji compound is read and what it means. But how is it possible to alphabetize symbols? Lexicographers have tried in vain to put Chinese characters in a logical order in which every character has its own unique and easy-to-find place. For some,000 years the most common system for arranging kanji in reference works has been a system involving radicals. This is based on the recognition that kanji are built up from an alphabet of a limited number of graphic elements according to which the characters can be sorted. But unlike the linear arrangement of the letters of a word in a Western language, these kanji elements are arranged two-dimensionally within the character, in so many different positions that it is very difficult to come up with an order of positions that could apply to any kanji. Moreover, the number of different basic graphic elements is considerably greater than the number of letters in a Western alphabet. The following pages and tables explain the system of radicals by which characters are to be found in older and newer character dictionaries, as well as the development of this system from the earliest Chinese reference works to modern electronic character dictionaries. The oldest character dictionary, the Shuowen jiezi The oldest surviving dictionary is the Shuowen jiezi i (in Japanese, the Setsumon kaiji), which dates from the year A.D. This is not strictly a dictionary in the modern sense but rather a collection of 9,353 characters whose analysis and organization into 540 categories was meant to support the theories of the scholar Xu Shen concerning the history of writing and language. At the beginning of each of these 540 groups is a character that, in the opinion of the author, expresses a meaning that is common to all the characters in that group. He called these characters bushou 部首 (literally, group heads, called bushu in Japanese and radicals in English). This idea of organizing complex characters according to one of their constituent elements was taken up by lexicographers in China and later in Japan, was further developed, and was put into practice in countless dictionaries. There has been no serious alternative to this basic idea of radicals. The classic Kangxi zidian In 76 there appeared, at the behest of the Chinese emperor Kanxi (in Japanese, Kōki), a character dictionary called the Kangxi zidian (in Japanese, the Kōki jiten). This work, after which all subsequent character dictionaries were modeled, classifies 47,035 characters under 4 radicals, some of which were not among the 540 group heads of the Shuowen jiezi. Since the Kangxi zidian was oriented to word origins, for most characters the meaning-bearing part of the character was taken as its radical, as in the Shuowen jiezi. But this creates the problem that 53

56 in order to look up a character, you first have to know something about what it means. In this sense the Kangxi zidian lagged behind older dictionaries that set a character s radical according to its position within the character, without requiring any etymological foreknowledge about it. Despite this, the wide use of this dictionary was soon assured by its abundance of information as well as the money and power of the emperor. The radicals are arranged in increasing order of their stroke-count, and the characters under each radical are similarly arranged in increasing order of their total stroke-count. Table 4 on pages presents a list of these traditional 4 radicals. Monolingual Sino-Japanese character dictionaries Almost all modern monolingual character dictionaries (Kan-Wa jiten) for Japanese users make use of a more- or less-modified form of the 4-radical system. Most characters that were simplified and lost their traditional radical in the writing reforms after 946 are listed under a different constituent element. A set of radical-determining rules that goes beyond the general rule according to which the meaning-indicating part of a character is its radical, is as rare as the example of the Kangxi zidian. But to help locate a kanji in a character dictionary you will usually have a readings index (on-kun sakuin), and sometimes also a stroke-count index (sōkaku sakuin). Japanese-English character dictionaries Andrew N. Nelson: Japanese-English Character Dictionary. Rev. ed The most comprehensive and popular character dictionary since its first edition in 96. About 6,000 head-kanji organized according to the 4-radical system. Before its revision in 997 it was organized according to the position within the character of the 89 radicals it made use of. Mark Spahn, Wolfgang Hadamitzly: The Kanji Dictionary. 996 Sorts its almost 6,000 head-kanji according to the position in the character of the 79 radicals it uses. Another feature is that every compound can be looked up under each of its constituent kanji. An online version is available since 0 under the title KanjiVision. Head-kanji and compounds can be investigated under any of the constituent graphemes. How to use the lookup indexes Each of the,46 kanji in the main part of this handbook can be looked up via any of the three indexes at the end of the book: by its reading, its radical, or its stroke count. Thus this book functions not only as an explanatory handbook but also as a character dictionary of the Jōyō Kanji and the multi-kanji compounds listed under them. The number to the right of each kanji entry in the indexes is the kanji s identification number telling where it will be found in the main part of this book.. Index by Readings The alphabetically arranged Index by Readings is the easiest to use when you know one of the readings of the desired kanji. Look up the kanji by its kun reading, if you know it. Oth- 54

57 erwise you might have to scan through a long list of kanji having the same on reading, like the 46 kanji listed under KAN. Kanji with the same on reading are divided into groups each having the same pronunciation-indicating component, which is usually on the right side of the kanji (see page 43). Example: KI 己忌紀起記. At the end of each group are kanji that contain this component and thus could also be looked for in this group, but which have a different reading. These kanji are listed in parentheses, with their actual reading given where their identification number would be.. Index by Radicals If you do not know any reading of the kanji you are trying to find, try the Index by Radicals, which arranges the characters according to the 79-radical system of the character dictionary by Spahn/Hadamitzky. This system is made up of two parts: a table of radicals (Table 8, back endpaper), and rules for determining the radical of a kanji (Table 9, inside back cover). The 79 radicals in Table 8 are arranged in increasing order of stroke-count, within the same stroke-count by their usual position within a kanji (left, right, top, bottom, enclosure, elsewhere), and within the same position by how frequently they occur (most common first). The rules in Table 9 for determining a kanji s radical are a step-by-step checklist to decide which of two or more radical-candidate components of a kanji is actually its radical. For example, if both the left part and the right part of a kanji are listed in the radical table, the left part is its radical, according to the rule left before right. Having determined the radical, you look up the kanji in the Index by Radicals, in which the radicals are arranged in the same order as in the radical table. Under each radical, the characters are listed in increasing order of stroke count. 3. Index by Stroke Count If no reading of a character is known and it seems too troublesome to determine its radical, you can find the character in the Index by Stroke Count, which lists all the characters in this book in increasing order of stroke count, sub-ordered by radical. 55

58 Instructions for Tables 3 7 Table 3. The 79 Radicals (with variants) (page 57) This table presents an overview of the 79 radicals and their variants. (Table 8 without variants is on the back endpaper.) Variants in the narrow sense are forms of a radical that depart more or less strongly from the normal form. Which form a radical takes depends on where in the kanji it occurs (e.g., compare radical 4k on the left in 性 and on the bottom in 怒 ). This table shows variants that are similar to the normal form or differ from it only by having more or fewer strokes. With one exception, the 79 radicals are a subset of the 4 traditional radicals. They are arranged in increasing order of stroke-count, and their number-letter descriptors (like a for the radical 亻 ) consist of the radical s stroke-count and its position in the group of radicals of the same stroke count. The radicals are arranged in the Index by Radicals according to these descriptors. The radical descriptor is the first part of the descriptor (like a5.0 for 作 ) that identifies each kanji listed in character dictionaries that use the 79-radical system. Experience has verified that a smaller number of radicals (79 instead of 4) makes it simpler and faster to look up a character. Table 4. The 4 Traditional Radicals (pages 58 59) This table lists the 4 traditional radicals and their variants in the traditional order, which is still in use today. Table 5. The Most Important of the 4 Traditional Radicals (page 60) This table contains a selection of the most important of the 4 traditional radicals, arranged by their position within the character (shown by crosshatching). Each radical is accompanied by its Japanese name and two kanji as examples. Table 6. The 4 Traditional Radicals and Their Meanings (pages 6 64) This table lists the meaning of each of the 4 radicals. Some 80 of them occur both as meaning-indicating components of kanji and as independent kanji, and occur frequently enough that it is worthwhile to remember their meaning. Table 7. The 80 Graphemes (without variants) (page 65) This table, which mostly coincides with the 79 radicals, lists 80 graphic elements from which any kanji can be composed. It functions as a control panel for the online character dictionary KanjiVision: To find a kanji or a compound, just pick, by clicking or typing on the digital grapheme keyboard, any two or three graphemes contained in what you are looking for. Two examples:. Suppose you want to look up the kanji 東 higashi, east. Click or type the graphemes 日 and 木.. To find the compound 日本語, click or type 日 for the first character, and 言 and/or 口 for the third character. The number of hits fitting your description can be narrowed down by providing further information about a grapheme s position (left, top, etc.) or frequency (e.g., three graphemes 木 for 森 ). Other electronic character dictionaries with similar functions still use 4 radicals, which cannot all be displayed on a small screen. 56

59 Table 3. The 79 Radicals (with variants) A B C D E F G H I J a (a) (a) b (b) c (c) d e f (f) «K L M N O P À Q R (f) g h i j k (k) m (m) n o S T U V Õ W X (o) (o) p q (q) (q) r (r) s t 3 Y Œ Z a b c d œ e f g a (a) (a) (a) b (b) c (c) d (d) e h i j k à l m n o f g (g) h i (4k) j k m n (n) p q r Ñ Ã s V Ö å (n) o p (4i) q r (q) (4i) (4n) (t) s 4 t u v w x y z Ä fi Å Ç a b c d (d) e (e) f (f) g h Œ œ É Ñ Ö Ü á fl à x (3a) (3c) (3g) i (i) (i) j k (k) (k) (d) â ä ã å m (m) n (n) 5 ç é  è ê ë í fi ì î ï a b (b) c d e (e) (4f) f g h a z ñ (3a) (4e) i 6 ó ò ô ö õ ú a b c d e f (f) 7 ù û ü a b c d (d) e 8 ß Æ Ø ª ± ÿ º a b (b) (b) c d (d) (d) e (e) 9 Ø æ 0 μ ø (8b) (8b) a a a b A table of the 79 radicals without variants is found on the back endpaper. 57

60

61

62 Table 5. The Most Important of the 4 Traditional Radicals (arranged by their position within a character) hen 偏 亻 ninben 体住 冫 nisui 次冷 口 kuchihen 味呼 土 tsuchihen 地場 女 onnahen 好始 弓 yumihen 引強 彳 gyōninben 役御 阝 kozatohen 防院 忄 risshinben 性情 扌 tehen 持招 方 katahen 放旅 日 hihen 明曜 木 kihen 林村 氵 sanzui 海池 火 hihen 畑灯 牛 ushihen 物特 犭 kemonohen 独犯 王 ōhen 理現 目 mehen 眼眠 矢 yahen 知短 石 ishihen 砂破 礻 shimesuhen 社礼 ê nogihen 和私 米 komehen 粉精 糸 itohen 続約 月 nikuzuki 胴服 舟 funehen 般航 衤 koromohen 初裸 言 gonben 語話 貝 kaihen 財貯 車 kurumahen 転輪 金 kanehen 鉄針 馬 umahen 駅験 tsukuri 旁 刂 rittō 別制 力 chikara 助効 H fushizukuri 印却 l sanzukuri 形彫 阝 ōzato 都郡 É nobun 故政 斤 onozukuri 新断 欠 akubi 歌欧 殳 rumata 段殺 ª furutori 難雑 頁 ōgai 類顔 kanmuri, kashira 冠 亠 nabebuta 交京 八 hachigashira 分公 冖 wakanmuri 写冠 宀 ukanmuri 家安 艹 kusakanmuri 花茶 癶 hatsugashira 発登 仃 anakanmuri 空窓 î amigashira 買罪 竹 takekanmuri 筆答 耂 oikanmuri 者老 雨 amekanmuri 雲電 ashi 脚 儿 hitoashi 先免 心 kokoro 想悪 灬 rekka/renga 無照 皿 sara 盗盟 貝 kogai 貨負 kamae 構 R 冂 dōgamae 円同 匚 hakogamae 区医 囗 kunigamae 国四 ã hokogamae 戦成 行 gyōgamae 街術 門 mongamae 間問 tare 垂 厂 gandare 原厚 尸 shikabane 局居 广 madare 広庁 疒 yamaidare 病痛 nyō 繞 廴 ennyō 建延 U shinnyō/-nyū 進返 走 sōnyō 起超 60

63 Table 6. The 4 Traditional Radicals and Their Meanings (classical order according to stroke-count groups) 一 one; (horizontal stroke) 丨 (vertical stroke) 3 丶 (dot stroke) 4 丿 (diagonal stroke) 5 乙 No., B 6 亅 (vertical stroke with hook) 7 二 two 8 亠 lid, top; up 9 人, 亻 man, human being 0 儿 legs, human being 入 enter 八 eight 3 冂 enclose 4 冖 cover 5 冫 ice 6 几 table 7 凵 container 8 刀, 刂 knife, sword 9 力 power 0 勹 wrap 匕 spoon 匚 box 3 匸 conceal 4 十 ten 5 卜 oracle 6 卩 stamp, seal 7 厂 cliff 8 厶 private, I 9 又 again; hand 3 30 口 mouth 3 囗 border 3 土 earth 33 士 man; scholar 34 Ñ follow 35 Ö go slowly 36 夕 evening 37 大 large 38 女 woman 39 子 child, son 40 宀 roof 4 寸 inch 4 小 small 43 尢 lame 44 尸 corpse 45 屮 sprout 46 山 mountain 47 川 river 48 工 work 49 己 self 50 巾 cloth 5 干 dry; shield 5 幺 young; slight 53 广 slanting roof 54 廴 move 6

64

65 6 8 竹, ú bamboo 9 米 rice 0 糸, ó thread 缶 earthen jar 网, î net 3 羊 sheep 4, 羽 feather 5 老 old 6 而 and also 7 耒 plow 8 耳 ear 9 聿 writing brush 30 肉, u flesh, meat 3 臣 retainer, minister 3 自 self 33 至 arrive, reach 34 臼 mortar 35 舌 tongue 36 舛 contrary, err 37 舟 ship, boat 38 艮, ƒ stop; hard 39 色 color 40 艸, m grass, plant 4 ÿ tiger 4 虫 worm, insect 43 血 blood 44 行 go 45 衣, ë clothing 46 西 cover; west 49 言 speak, say 50 谷 valley 5 豆 bean 5 豕 pig 53 豸 badger; reptile 54 貝 shell, mussel; money 55 赤 red 56 走 run 57 足 foot, leg 58 身 body 59 車 vehicle, wheel 60 辛 bitter 6 辰 (5th zodiac sign); 7 9 A.M. 6 辵, U advance, move ahead 63 邑, 阝 community 64 酉 wine jug; bird 65 釆 separate 66 里 (.44 miles); village 8 67 金 metal, gold 68 長 long 69 門 gate, door 70 阜, 阝 hill 7 隶 capture 7 隹 small bird 73 雨 rain 74 靑, 青 green, blue 75 非 wrong; non 見 see 48 角 horn; corner 9 76 面 face; surface 77 革 leather 63

66 78 韋 leather 79 韭 leek 80 音 sound, noise 8 頁 head; page 8 風 wind 83 飛 fly 84 食 food, eat 85 首 head 86 香 scent 0 87 馬 horse 88 骨 bone 89 高 high 90 髟 long hair 9 鬥 fighting 9 鬯 herbs 93 鬲 tripod 94 鬼 demon 95 魚 fish 96 鳥 bird 97 鹵 salt 98 鹿 deer 99 麥 wheat 00 麻 hemp 3 05 黽 frog 06 鼎 3-legged kettle 07 鼓 drum 08 鼠 rat, mouse 4 09 鼻 nose 0 齊, 斉 alike 5 齒, 歯 tooth 6 龍, 竜 dragon 7 3 龜, 亀 turtle 4 龠 flute 0 黃 yellow 0 黍 millet 03 黑, 黒 black 04 黹 embroider 64

67 Table 7. The 80 Graphemes (without A C E G K L \ N O P ] ^ _ ` U Y b d e g h i j k { l m n } q ~ s t v u w y Ä Å Ç É á ã ç é è ê ë ì ï ñ ó ò ô ö õ ú ù û ü ß ª ± æ μ ø

68 Tips on Learning Kanji Kanji-learning is like running, and learning all,4 kanji in the main part of this book is like running a marathon, while sporadic learning is like running a sprint or taking a walk: the longer the distance to be covered, the more it pays to develop a strategy for reaching your self-imposed goal in the surest and quickest way. The following tips should help you reach your goal faster.. Learn the kanji in order You will have the best lasting success if you learn the kanji in the order in which they are presented. They start from the simplest and most common and proceed to those that are more complex and less frequently encountered. And the up to five compounds introduced with every kanji are made up only of kanji that have been introduced before. If you were to learn the kanji in some other order, you would have to look them up via one of the three indexes at the end of the book.. Prioritize Much information is listed with each kanji. Focus on what is important for you. This will almost always include the readings and meanings of a kanji, but you need not learn everything about a kanji all at the same time and with the same intensity. 3. Take many sips, not one big gulp The characters will stick in your mind much sooner and more lastingly if you spend a few minutes at a time two or three times a day learning them, rather than devote a solid hour per week. If you write down the kanji you are currently learning on a piece of paper or copy them to a mobile device, you will have something on you that you can review in any otherwise idle moment. 4. Learn things together The appearance, readings, and meanings of a character go together and reinforce each other, and should be learned together. Associating these pieces of information with each other will make it easier to recall this knowledge later. 5. Be aware of the structure and components of kanji When learning a new kanji, take a few seconds to look at its structure and components. You will soon notice that you keep seeing the same graphemes mostly in the same positions, like 氵 (water) on the left side in 池 (pond), 海 (sea), and 港 (harbor), or 艹 (plant) on the top in 花 (flower), 草 (grass), and 茶 (tea). In this way even the most complicated kanji will no longer seem like a scary tangle of arbitrary strokes. 66

69 6. See kanji as pictures The simpler characters are mostly recognizable as stylized pictures of objects or creatures, and the more-complex characters as simply combinations of them, so you may find it useful to mentally break up a kanji into its pictorial components, with maybe a mnemonic story to help fix the kanji in your mind. 7. Don t overload yourself With kanji that have several readings, it can make sense to learn at first only one on reading and one kun reading, or to limit yourself to those readings you have seen elsewhere. Trying to take in too much information all at once can detract from concentrating on what is important. But with each reading you should learn the corresponding meaning. 8. Learn compounds with known kanji Compounds are important as mini-context for going beyond the acquisition of individual characters. They will increase your vocabulary while getting you to review previously learned kanji. 9. Write the kanji Before beginning to write a kanji, take a look at its structure and components and its meanings and readings. You will then better understand what you are writing and why it is to be written as described. As you write the kanji, try also to write a word more precisely, a reading and meaning to associate with it, as you would when vocabulary-building in your own language. This will help you fix the character in your memory and recognize it upon seeing it again. When you feel you can reproduce the kanji from memory, write the compounds in which it occurs with the readings you have learned. 0. Highlight as you learn Highlight with a colored marker the readings, meanings, and compounds that you want to concentrate on during a first pass, or that you have already learned. On subsequent passes, use a different color. This will distinguish the new from the old as you learn it. And if you like to work with copies of pages, copy the pages before you mark them up.. Review, and train yourself to read quickly In modern Japan, text will not always sit still and wait for you. Street signs, subtitles in movies and Internet videos, captions on TV news programs, and even karaoke lyrics, rush by too fast to think them over, much less look up characters in a dictionary. One possibility for reviewing and developing the ability to quickly recognize all the kana and kanji in this book is the game and tutorial program Kanji in Motion (KiM). The object is to make as fast as possible a connection between characters swirling on a screen and the corresponding readings and meanings shown on the side. A demo version is available on the Internet. 67

70 Explanation of the Jōyō Kanjii Entries 3 ԇ j8. Ná_ / 5 6 戀 6 8 REN, koii (romantic) love ko(u) be in love koi(shii) dear, fond, long for 恋 人 koibito boyfriend, girlfriend, lover 恋 文 koibumi love letter 97 恋 心 koigokoro (awakening of) love 49 道 な ら ぬ 恋 michi naranu koi forbidden love 7 9. The kanji in brush form, with little numbers showing stroke order positioned at the beginning of each stroke.. Running number identifying the kanji in this book (here, 58). 3. Descriptor (j8.) of the kanji in character dictionaries using the 79-radical system. It consists of a radical designation (j, for 亠), followed by the residual stroke count (8 = total stroke count 0 the strokes of the radical), then a decimal point followed by a sequential number (). 4. Structure of the character (for a list of the different structures, see page 43). 5. Up to three graphemes (graphic elements of characters according to the online character dictionary KanjiVision) included in the kanji, with grapheme number (see the table of graphemes on page 65). A slash appears before the grapheme number (/) if the first grapheme is the same as the radical in the printed character dictionaries that use the 79-radical system. 6. The kanji in pen form (pen-ji). 7. Variant of the kanji (usually an obsolete form). 8. Readings and meanings of the kanji, with on readings in uppercase italics, kun readings in lowercase italics, okurigana in parentheses, and rare or specialized readings in square brackets. As in the official Jōyō Kanjii list, the first reading given is the one by which the kanji is alphabetized (in aiueo order); this is usually the kanji s most frequent on reading. Readings with the same meaning are listed together (REN, koi). 9. Example compounds and expressions in which the kanji is used, with transliteration, meaning(s), and cross-reference numbers to the entries for the other characters in the compound. The compounds are made up only of kanji that appear earlier and that you will have already studied if you learn kanji in the order presented in this book. In the few cases in which a kanji of a compound has no cross-reference number, it is not among the Jōyō Kanji. 68

71 The Jōyō Kanji List

72

73 7 Ј І Ї Ћ э а В JIN, NIN, hito human being, man, person アメリカ 人 Amerikajin an American 0 0 人 hyakunin 00 people 5 6 人 go-rokunin 5 or 6 people あ の 人 ano hito that person, he, she 人 々 人 びと hitobito people a0. A /3 फ़ ICHI, ITSU, hito(tsu), hito- one 一 ペ ー ジ ichi pēji one page; page 一 々 ichi-ichi one by one; in full detail 一 つ 一 つ hitotsu-hitotsu one by one, individually 一 人 hitori one person; alone 一 人 一 人 hitori-hitori one by one, one after another 0a. ϻ 3 NI, futa(tsu), futa- two 二 人 futari, ninin two people 一 人 二 人 hitori-futari one or two people 二 人 ず つ futarizutsu two by two, every two people 二 つ ず つ futatsuzutsu two by two, two at a time 二 人とも futaritomo both people, both (of them) 0a. 4 ఖ 4 SAN, mit(tsu), mi(tsu), mi- three 三 人 sannin three people 二 三 人 ni-sannin two or three people 三 キ ロ san kiro 3 kg; 3 km 三 つ ぞ ろ い mitsuzoroi three-piece suit 二 つ 三 つ futatsu mittsu two or three 0a3. 4 ߉ 5 NICHII day; (short for) Japan JITSU, hi, -ka day 一 日 ichinichi, ichijitsu day tsuitachi st of the month 二 日 futsuka two days; nd of the month 三 日 mikka three days; 3rd of the month 二 三 日 ni-sannichi two or three days 4c0. v /4 ట 6 3s. _ /4 6 ߦ 7 0a4.7 ] 4 SHI, yot(tsu), yo(tsu), yo-, yon four 四 人 yonin four people 四 日 yokka four days; 4th of the month 三 四 日 san-yokka three or four days 三 四 人 san-yonin thre or four people 四 つ ん ば い yotsunbai (on) all fours, 3, , 4 5 4, 5 4, GO, itsu(tsu), itsu- five 五 人 gonin five people 5 五 日 itsuka five days; 5th of the month 6, 5 四 五 日 shi-gonichi four or five days 6, 四 五 人 shi-gonin four or five people 三 々 五 々 san-san go-go in small groups, by twos and threes 4 7

74 8 4 М Љ Л А Ч О Ѩ 8 ROKU, mut(tsu), mu(tsu), mu-, [mui-]] six 六 人 rokunin six people 五 六 人 go-rokunin five or six people 六 日 muika six days; 6th of the month 五 六 日 go-rokunichi five or six days 六 つ ぐら い muttsu gurai about six j. N_ / 6 ༬ 9 SHICHI, nana(tsu), nana-, [nano-]] seven 七 人 shichinin seven people 5 七 日 nanoka seven days; 7th of the month 七 メ ート ル nana mētoru, shichi mētoru seven meters 七 五 三 shichi-go-san festival day for 3-, 5-, and 7-year-olds (Nov. 5) 7, 4 0a.3 O 0 o0. R /6 ಋ八 O ب JŪ, JI', tō, to- ten 十 人 jūnin ten people 十 日 tōka ten days; 0th of the month 二 十 日 hatsuka 0 days; 0th of the month 十 四 日 jūyokka 4 days; 4th of the month 十 八 日 jūhachinichi 8 days; 8th of the month k0. O / 3 N /0 ь圓 4 4c.3 v] /4 4 ೱ HACHI, yat(tsu), ya(tsu), ya-, [yō-]] eight 八 人 hachinin eight people 八 日 yōka eight days; 8th of the month 八 ミリ hachi miri 8 mm 八 グ ラム hachi guramu 8 grams お 八 つ oyatsu afternoon snack KYŪ, KU, kokono(tsu), kokono- nine 九 人 kyūnin, kunin 9 people 九 日 kokonoka 9 days; 9th of the month 九ド ル kyū doru 9 dollars 九 ユ ロ kyū yūro 9 euros 九 九 kuku multiplication table 0a.5 r. 7, 5 7, 5 N circle; yen maru(i) round EN 一 円 ichi en one yen 二 円 ni en two yen 三 円 san en three yen 四 円 yo en four yen 十 円 jū en, tō en ten yen HYAKU U hundred 百 人 hyakunin 00 people 八 百 円 happyaku en 800 yen 九 百 kyūhyaku 900 三 百 六 十 五 日 sanbyaku rokujūgonichi 365 days , 5 6, 5 0, , 3 4, 8,, 7, 5

75 5 Ш Њ ђ ю ѐ ў љ 5 SEN, chii thousand 一 千 issen,000 三 千 sanzen 3,000 八 千 hassen 8,000 千 円 sen en,000 yen 千 人 sennin,000 people k. O@ / 6 0a3.8 ] 4 萬 7, 3 4, 5, 3 3, 4, 3 GETSU, tsukii moon; month GATSU U month 一 月 ichigatsu January hitotsuki one month 一 か 月 ikkagetsu one month 一 月 八 日 月 8 日 ichigatsu yōka January 8 月 ロ ケット tsukiroketto moon rocket 4b0. u /43 ڏ 8, 0, 5 MEI, a(kari) light, clearness aka(rui), aki(raka) bright, clear a(keru), aka(rumu), aka(ramu) become light a(ku) be open a(kasu) pass (the night) a(kuru) next, following MYŌ light; next 5 明 日 myōnichi, asu tomorrow 5 明くる 日 akuru hi the next/following day 4c4. vu /4 43 ท 9 4c4. vª /4 73 MAN N ten thousand BAN N many, all 一 万 円 ichiman en 0,000 yen 百 万 hyakuman million 一 千 万 円 issenman en 0 million yen 二 三 万 円 ni-sanman en 0,000-30,000 yen 万 一 man'ichi (if) by any chance, should happen to YŌ day of the week 日 曜 日 nichiyō(bi) Sunday 月 曜 日 getsuyō(bi) Monday 曜 日 yōbi day of the week 5 7, 5 5 KA, hi, [ho]] fire 火 曜 日 kayō(bi) Tuesday 9 月 4 日 火 kugatsu yokka (ka) (Tuesday) September 4 9, 5 7, 5 0 4d0. w /44 қ 3a0. Y / SUI, mizu water 水 曜 日 suiyō(bi) Wednesday 水 が め mizugame water jug/jar 水 か さ mizukasa volume of water (of a river) ॶ 73 9, 5

76 8 ѓ ѷ д є и р Џ 4a0. t /4 BOKU, MOKU, ki, [ko]] tree; wood 木 曜 日 mokuyō(bi) Thursday 三 木 Miki (surname) 八 木 Yagi (surname) 9, a0. ß /7 إ 4 3b0. b / ட 5 0a5.5 t 4 夲 6 0a n0. o a4.40 e@ 4 ૯ N gold; metal; money kane money [kana]] metal KIN, KON 9, 5 金 曜 日 kin'yō(bi) Friday 7, 月 水 金 ges-sui-kin Monday, Wednesday, Friday 金 メダ ル kinmedaru gold medal 金 ぱく kinpaku gold leaf/foil 金 もうけ kanemōke making money DO, TO, tsuchii earth, soil, ground 土 曜 日 doyō(bi) Saturday 土 木 doboku civil engineering 土 人 dojin native, aborigine 土 のう donō sandbag HON N book; origin; main; this; (counter for long, thin objects) moto origin 日 本 Nihon, Nippon Japan 日 本 人 Nihonjin, Nipponjin a Japanese 本 日 honjitsu today ビ ー ル 六 本 bīru roppon six bottles of beer DAI, TAI, ō(kii), ō- big, large ō(i ni) very much, greatly 大 金 taikin large amount of money 大 き さ ōkisa size 大 水 ōmizu flooding, overflow 大 み そ か ōmisoka New Year's Eve 大 人 otona adult SHŌ, chii(sai), ko-, o- little, small 小 人 kobito dwarf, midget shōjin insignificant person; small-minded man shōnin child 大 小 daishō large and small; size 小 金 kogane small sum of money; small fortune 9, 5 5 5, CHŪ Ū middle; (short for) China -CHŪ, -JŪ Ū throughout, during, within naka inside, midst 5, 5 日 本 中 Nihonjū, Nipponjū all over Japan, 5 一 日 中 ichinichijū all day long 5 日 中 nitchū during the daytime Nit-Chū Japanese-Chinese, Sino-Japanese 74

77 9 35 Ѽ ѻ Ѝ Ќ т с Ѥ 9 s7. Xö@ /0 64 ഴ 30 8d0. ± /74 И 3 m. ]$ 4 3 m. P /3 घ 33 0a3. _@ 6 ঢ়巛 34 3o0. q /36 ߌ 35 5f0. ì /58 உ FŪ, [FU]] wind; appearance, style kaze, [kaza]] wind 風 水 fūsui wind and water; feng shui 風 土 fūdo natural feature, climate 日 本 風 Nihon-fū Japanese-style 中 風 chūbū, chūfū paralysis, palsy そ よ 風 soyokaze gentle breeze U, ame, [ama]] rain 風 雨 fūu wind and rain 大 雨 ōame heavy rain, downpour 小 雨 kosame light rain, fine rain 雨 水 amamizu rainwater に わ か 雨 niwakaame sudden shower 4 5, KA, GE, shita, moto lower, base shimo lower part sa(geru), o(rosu), kuda(su) lower, hand down (a verdict) sa(garu) hang down, fall o(riru) get out of, get off (a vehicle) kuda(ru) go/ come down kuda(saru) give 下 水 gesui sewer system, drainage 9 風 下 kazashimo leeward side, downwind JŌ, [SHŌ], ue upper kami, [uwa-]] upper part a(geru) raise a(garu), nobo(ru) rise nobo(seru), nobo(su) bring up (a topic) 水 上 suijō on the water 3 上 下 jōge high and low, rise and fall; volumes and 上り下り nobori-kudari ascent and descent, ups and downs 3 SEN, kawa river 川 上 kawakami upstream 川 下 kawashimo downstream 小 川 ogawa stream, brook, creek ミシ シッピ ー 川 Mishishippī-gawa Mississippi River 中 川 Nakagawa (surname) SAN, yama mountain 山 水 sansui landscape, natural scenery 火 山 kazan volcano 下 山 gezan descent from a mountain 山 々 yamayama mountains 山 本 Yamamoto (surname) DEN, ta rice field, paddy 水 田 suiden rice paddy 田 中 Tanaka (surname) 本 田 Honda (surname) 山 田 Yamada (surname) 下 田 Shimoda (city on Izu Peninsula)

78 36 4 ѥ П Р С г п я 36 hata, hatake cultivated field 田 畑 tahata fields み か ん 畑 mikanbatake satsuma orange orchard 小 畑 Obata (surname) 4d5. wì / ಉ 37 f0. K 8 釖 38 o. RK /6 8 分 39 OK s5. Ä[ /4 46 5, BUN N portion BU U portion, percent FUN N minute (of time/arc) wa(keru), wa(katsu) divide, share, distinguish wa(kareru) be separated wa(karu) understand 十 分 jūbun enough, sufficient, adequate jippun, juppun 0 minutes, 十 分 の 一 jūbun no ichi one tenth, 0 percent SETSU, [SAI], ki(ru) cut ki(reru) cut well; break off; run out of 6 大 切 taisetsu important; precious 一 切 れ hitokire slice, piece 3 切り上 げ kiriage conclusion; rounding up; revaluation 3 切り下 げ kirisage reduction; devaluation f. TŌ, katana sword, knife 日 本 刀 Nihon-tō Japanese sword 大 刀 daitō long sword 小 刀 shōtō short sword kogatana knife, pocketknife 一 刀 ittō a sword/blade; (a single stroke of a) sword ݎ 國 4 KOKU, kunii country 大 国 taikoku large country, major power 万 国 bankoku all countries, world 六 か 国 rokkakoku 6 countries 四 国 Shikoku (one of the 4 main islands of Japan) 中 国 Chūgoku China; (region in western Honshū) JI, tera temple 国 分 寺 Kokubunji (common temple name) 山 寺 yamadera mountain temple 寺 田 Terada (surname) 3b3.5 b~ / , ࠔ 4 4c6. JI, tokii time; hour vb~ /4 37 四 時 二 十 分 4 時 0 分 yoji nijippun 4:0 一 時 ichiji for a time; o'clock hitotoki, ittoki a while, moment 時 々 tokidoki sometimes 日 時 nichiji time, date, day and hour 76 6, 3,, 38 5

79 43 49 ѹ Ѣ ф Ж У ц Щ 43 8e4.3 v / a5.9 5 ধ 45 0a6.6 ^ON 5 ర 46 0a5. A@[ 3 ϙ 47 o7.3 RuK / i6.5 ké` / k. O^ / SEI, SHŌ life i(kiru), i(keru) be alive i(kasu) bring (back) to life, let live u(mu) give birth to u(mareru) be born ha(eru), ha(yasu), o(u) grow nama raw ki- pure 人 生 jinsei life, human life 一 生 isshō one's whole life b^ KAN, KEN, aida interval (between) ma interval (between); a room 時 間 jikan time; hour 中 間 chūkan middle, intermediate 人 間 ningen human being 間 も なく mamonaku presently, in a little while, soon NEN, toshii year 44, 7, 5 生 年 月 日 seinengappi date of birth 4, 44 三 年 生 sannensei third-year student, junior 7, 43 五 年 間 gonenkan for 5 years Sept. 4, 0 3 年 金 nenkin pension, annuity 7, 5 0 年 9月4日 nisenjūichinen kugatsu yokka I- (prefix) 以 上 ijō or more; more than; above-mentioned 三 時 間 以 上 san jikan ijō at least three hours 以 下 ika or less; less than; as follows 三 つ 以 下 mittsu ika three or fewer 3 4, 4, 43, 3 3 4, 3 ZEN, mae before, in front of, earlier 以 前 izen ago, previously, formerly 前 もって maemotte beforehand, in advance 人 前 で hitomae (de) before others, in public 分 け 前 wakemae one's share 二 人 前 nininmae, futarimae enough for two people , GO, nochii after, later KŌ, ushi(ro) behind ato afterward, subsequent, backk oku(reru) be late, lag behind 46 以 後 igo hereafter; since then 47 前 後 zengo approximately; front and rear 8, 5 明 後 日 myōgonichi day after tomorrow そ の 後 sono go thereafter, later GO noon 47 午 前 gozen morning, a.m. 48 午 後 gogo afternoon, p.m. 47, 8 午 前 中 gozenchū all morning, before noon afternoon 48, 6, 4 午 後 四 時 gogo yoji 4:00 p.m. 47, 48 午 前 も 午 後 も gozen mo gogo mo both morning and 77

80 50 56 И Е Й Т Ь ѩ ѫ 50 3b3.7 / 6 5 a.0 A /3 ݞ 5 0a.3 A 3 డ 53 0a5. q 36 0 ࢥ 54 3d0. e /4 ۼ 55 5c0. è /55 ำ 56 6e0. õ /65 SEN, sakii earlier; ahead; priority; future; destination; the tip 先 日 senjitsu recently, the other day 先 月 sengetsu last month 先 々 月 sensengetsu month before last 先 生 sensei teacher KON, KIN, ima now 今 日 konnichi, kyō today 今 月 kongetsu this month 今 年 kotoshi this year 今 後 kongo after this, from now on 今 ご ろ imagoro about this time (of day) NYŪ, hai(ru), i(ru) go/come/get in, enter i(reru) put/let in 入 国 nyūkoku entry (into a country) 金 入 れ kaneire cashbox; purse, wallet 日 の 入り hi no iri sunset 入り日 irihi setting sun SHUTSU, [SUI], da(su) take out; send de(ru) go/come out 出 火 shukka outbreak of fire 出 入り deiri coming and going (of people) 人 出 hitode turnout, crowds 日 の 出 hi no de sunrise KŌ, KU, kuchii mouth; oral; speak; job; beginning 人 口 jinkō population, number of inhabitants 入 り 口 iriguchi entrance 出 口 deguchi exit 川 口 kawaguchi mouth of a river 口 出 し kuchidashi meddling, butting in MOKU, [BOKU], me, [ma]] eye, (suffix for ordinals) 一 目 ichimoku, hitome a glance 目 上 meue one's superior/senior 目 下 meshita one's subordinate/junior mokka at present 三 日 目 mikkame at the 3rd day JI, mimii ear 耳 目 jimoku eye and ear; attention, notice 中 耳 chūji the middle ear 耳 た ぶ mimitabu earlobe ,

81 57 63 ъ ѳ Ѵ ѭ Ѱ 57 SHU, te, [ta]] hand 上 手 jōzu skilled, good (at) 下 手 heta unskilled, poor (at) 手 本 tehon model, example, pattern 切 手 kitte (postage) stamp 小 切 手 kogitte (bank) check 3c0. d /3 58 SOKU U foot, leg; (counter for pairs of footwear) ashii foot, leg ta(ru), ta(riru) be enough, sufficient ta(su) add up, add (to) 一 足 issoku pair (of shoes/socks) hitoashi a step 57 手 足 teashi hands and feet, limbs 3 足 下 に ashimoto ni at one's feet; (watch your) step 7d0. /70 59 SHIN, mii body; one's person shinjō strong point; personal background shinshō one's fortune, property 出 身...shusshin (be) from... 前 身 zenshin one's past life; predecessor 身 分 mibun one's social standing; identity 身上 0a7.5 u@ 43 ख़ 60 At 4 6 a5.6 At /3 4 體 6 5c. è@ / c. û 68 ڪ KYŪ, yasu(mu) rest; take the day offf yasu(meru) give it a rest yasu(maru) be rested 5 休 日 kyūjitsu holiday, day off 0, 34 休 火 山 kyūkazan dormant/inactive volcano 一 休 み hitoyasumi short rest; a break, recess 8 中 休 み nakayasumi take a break a4. / , 39 TAI, TEI, karada body 身 体 shintai body 人 体 jintai the human body 五 体 gotai the whole body 大 体 daitai gist; on the whole, generally 風 体 fūtai, fūtei (outward) appearance JI, SHI, mizuka(ra) self 自 分 jibun oneself, one's own 自 身 jishin oneself, itself 自 体 jitai one's own body; itself 自 国 jikoku one's own country 自ら の 手 で mizukara no te de with one's own hands KEN, mi(ru) see mi(eru) be visible mi(seru) show 一 見 ikken (quick) glance 先 見 senken foresight 見 本 mihon sample (of merchandise) 見 出 し midashi heading, headline 見 分 け る miwakeru tell apart, recognize

82 64 70 Ѭ Ы ѱ Ѳ Ѯ ѕ ь 64 8e6. õ / e. õl / ù /67 ڿ 67 ùe] / i3. / a7.6 ò 6 ຝ耒 70 4h0. Ç / SHU, to(ru) take 取り出 す toridasu take out; pick out 足 取り ashidori way of walking, gait 聞 き 取 る kikitoru catch, follow (what someone says) 日 取り hidori appointed day 取り上 げ る toriageru take up; adopt; take away GEN, GON, -koto word i(u) say 言 明 genmei declaration, definite statement 一 言 ichigon, hitokoto a word, brief comment 一 言 二 言 hitokoto futakoto a word or two 小 言 kogoto a scolding; complaints, griping 言 い 分 iibun one's say; objection 7a0. 7a7.6 BUN, MON, ki(ku) hear, heed; askk ki(koeru) be audible 見 聞 kenbun information, observation 風 聞 fūbun hearsay, rumor 聞 き 手 kikite listener 聞 き 入 れ る kikiireru comply with GO word kata(ru) talk, relate kata(rau) converse 言 語 gengo language, speech 日 本 語 nihongo Japanese language 国 語 kokugo national/japanese language 中 国 語 chūgokugo Chinese language 語り手 katarite narrator, storyteller 8, , , KŌ, [AN], i(ku), yu(ku) go GYŌ line (of text) okona(u) do, perform, carry out 一 行 ikkō party, retinue ichigyō a line (of text) 行 間 gyōkan space between lines (of text) 行 き 先 ikisaki, yukisaki destination RAI, ku(ru), kita(ru) come kita(su) bring about 来 年 rainen next year 来 月 raigetsu next month 来 日 rainichi come to Japan 本 来 honrai originally, primarily; properly, rightfully 以 来 irai (ever) since HŌ direction; side kata person; method; side ippō one side; on the other hand; only shihō north, south, east, west; all directions happō all directions, all sides hōgen dialect mekata weight 一方 四方 八方 方言 目方 80

83 7 77 ё ѯ Х Ц у Э х 7 0a8.9 tv 4 4 ற 7 0a6.0 e]@ 4 4 ভ 73 0a5.5 3 ළ 74 k7. O _ / a5.0 O 38 ݳ 76 3d.5 eo /4 Г 77 3n3.3 o /35 39 當 TŌ, higashii east 東 方 tōhō eastward, the east 中 東 Chūtō Middle East 東 大 Tōdai Tokyo University (short for Tōkyō Daigaku) 東 ア ジ ア Higashi-Ajia East Asia 東 ヨ ー ロッ パ Higashi-Yōroppa East Europe SEII west; (short for) Spain SAI, nishii west 西 方 seihō westward, the west 東 西 tōzai east and west 西 風 seifū, nishikaze westerly wind 西 日 nishibi the afternoon sun 西 ヨ ー ロッ パ Nishi-Yōroppa Western Europe HOKU, kita north 北 方 hoppō northward, the north 北 風 hokufū, kitakaze wind from the north 東 北 Tōhoku (region in northern Honshū) 北 東 hokutō northeast 北 北 東 hokuhokutō north-northeast NAN, [NA], minamii south 西 南 seinan southwest 東 南 ア ジ ア Tōnan-Ajia Southeast Asia 南 北 nanboku south and north, north-south 南 ア ル プ ス Minami-Arupusu Southern (Japan) Alps 南 口 minamiguchi southern entrance/exit SA, hidarii left 左 方 sahō left side 左 手 hidarite left hand; (on) the left 左 足 hidariashi left foot/leg 左 目 hidarime left eye 左 上 hidariue upper left U, YŪ, migii right 70 右 方 uhō right side 75 左 右 sayū left and right; control 57 右 手 migite right hand; (on) the right 75 右 か ら 左 へ migi kara hidari e from right to left; quickly 66, 75 右と 言 え ば 左 migi to ieba hidari contrarian TŌ, a(teru), a(taru) hit, be on target 本 当 hontō truth; really 当 時 tōji at present; at that time 当 分 tōbun for now, for a while 手 当 て teate allowance, compensation; medical treatment 一 人 当 たり hitoriatari per person, per capita ,

84 78 84 Ѫ ѡ Б ж Ю з Н 78 SEKI, [SHAKU], ishii stone [KOKU]] (unit of volume, about 80 liters) 石 け ん sekken soap 木 石 bokuseki trees and stones; inanimate objects 7 小 石 koishi small stone, pebble 39 石 切り ishikiri stonecutting, quarrying 5a0. ç / g4. Åi / a8.5 e O 4 39 ࠏ亊 8 0a3.4 { d3. e{ /4 30 ต 83 m3. P{ /3 30 ә 84 0a4.3 A 3 0 అ BUTSU, MOTSU, mono object, thing 人 物 jinbutsu person, personage 生 物 seibutsu living beings, life 見 物 kenbutsu sightseeing 物 語 monogatari tale, story 本 物 honmono genuine, the real thing JI, [ZU], koto thing, affair 人 事 jinji human/personnel affairs 火 事 kaji a fire 事 前 / 後 jizen/go before/after the fact 大 事 daiji great thing, important 出 来 事 dekigoto event, occurrence 0 47, , 69 SEKI, yū evening 一 夕 isseki one evening 夕 方 yūgata evening 夕 日 yūhi evening/setting sun 夕 月 yūzuki evening moon 七 夕 tanabata Star Festival (July 7) MEI, MYŌ, na name; reputation 人 名 jinmei name of a person 名 人 meijin master, expert, virtuoso 名 物 meibutsu noted product (of a locality) 大 名 daimyō (Japanese) feudal lord 名 前 namae a name GAI, GE, soto outside hoka other hazu(reru/su) slip off, miss 40, 外 国 人 gai(koku)jin foreigner 69, 67 外 来 語 gairaigo word of foreign origin, loanword 53 外 出 gaishutsu go out 46 以 外 igai besides, except (for) NAI, [DAI], uchii inside 国 内 kokunai domestic, internal 体 内 tainai inside the body 内 外 naigai inner and outer; domestic and foreign 年 内 に nennai ni before the year is out 一 年 以 内 に ichinen inai ni within a year , 45, 46

85 85 9 ј Ѷ З Ъ К в Я 85 0a6.6 {P d8.5 Gée / റ 87 a8.4 Aée / a5.4 O_ 6 ಝ 89 AÄ s3. /4 Ҿ囘 9 r6. ue 43 4 BU U part, section; copy (of a publication) 一 部 ichibu a part; a copy (of a publication) 部 分 bubun a part 大 部 分 daibubun greater part, most 本 部 honbu headquarters 北 部 hokubu the north (of a country) BAII double, times, -fold 一 倍 ichibai as much again 二 倍 nibai double, twice as much 三 倍 sanbai 3 times as much, threefold 三 倍 以 上 sanbai ijō at least 3 times as much 倍 に す る bai ni suru double HAN, naka(ba) half 半 分 hanbun half 半 年 hantoshi half a year, 6 months 三 時 半 sanjihan half past three, 3:30 前 半 zenhan, zenpan first half 大 半 taihan greater part, majority ZEN, matta(ku) all, whole, entirely sube(te) all 全 部 zenbu all 全 国 zenkoku the whole country 全 体 zentai the whole, (in) all 全 身 zenshin the entire body 万 全 banzen perfect, absolutely sure a4.6 /3 SHII death shi(nu) die 死 体 shitai dead body, corpse 死 人 shinin dead person, the dead 死 後 shigo after death 水 死 suishi drowning 死 語 shigo dead language; passé word , , 46, , KAI, [E]] times, repetitions mawa(su) send around, rotate mawa(ru) go around, revolve 十 回 jikkai 0 times 5, 47 今 / 前 回 kon/zenkai this/last time 66 言 い 回 し iimawashi expression, turn of phrase 3 上 回 る uwamawaru be more than, exceed SHŪ, mawa(ri) lap; circumference; surroundings 一 周 isshū one lap, one revolution 半 周 hanshū semicircle, halfway around 円 周 enshū circumference 百 周 年 hyakushūnen 00th anniversary , 45

86 9 98 ѵ џ Ў Ѹ ѧ ч ш 9 q8.7 Uue / d8.8 wm^ / ฌ 94 0a4. ]@[ a8. ëp ଠ 96 0a9.5 wm 44 3 ಎ發 97 4k0. á /5 98 4k5.4 áb^ /5 জ 5 SHŪ Ū week 二 週 間 nishūkan two weeks 先 週 senshū last week 今 週 konshū this week 来 週 raishū next week 週 日 shūjitsu weekday MU, BU U not, (prefix) un-, without, -less na(i) not be 無 名 mumei anonymous; unknown 無 口 mukuchi taciturn, laconic 無 言 mugon silent, mute 無 休 mukyū no holidays, always open (shop) 無 事 buji safe and sound 3, U (prefix) not, unfu, BU 58 不 足 fusoku insufficiency, shortage, 38 不 十 分 fujūbun not enough, inadequate 68, 70, 8 行 方 不 明 yukue fumei whereabouts unknown, 77 missing 不 当 futō improper, unjust 85, 59 不 死 身 fujimi invulnerable CHŌ long; chief, head naga(i) long 部 長 buchō department head, director 身 長 shinchō person's height 長 時 間 chōjikan long time, many hours 長 年 naganen many years, long years 長 い 間 nagai aida for a long time , U emit, start from, depart HATSU, HOTSU shuppatsu departure, start out 出発 発 明 hatsumei invention 発 見 hakken discovery 発 行 hakkō publish, issue 発 足 hossoku, hassoku start, inauguration SHIN, kokoro heart, mind, core 中 心 chūshin center, midpoint 内 心 naishin one's inmost heart 本 心 honshin one's real mind; real intention 一 心 に isshin ni with singlehearted devotion, fervently 心 身 shinshin body and mind/spirit SEII sex; nature (of) SHŌ temperament, propensity 中 性 chūsei neuter gender; neutral (in chemistry) 人 生 jinsei human nature; humanity 性 行 seikō character and conduct 性 分 shōbun nature, temperament 本 性 honshō, honsei true nature/character 84 8,

87 99 05 щ Ф Ѧ й л к о 99 5f4.4 ìá / g0. K /8 0 5f. ìk / e0. g /5 03 c0. E /6 04 3e. ge / m3. ng /33 5 ϑ SHI, omo(u) think, believe 思 い 出 omoide memories 思 い 出 す omoidasu remember 思 い 切 って omoikitte resolutely, daringly 思 い やり omoiyari consideration, sympathy, compassion 思 い 上 が っ た omoiagatta conceited, cocky RYOKU, RIKI, chikara force, power 体 力 tairyoku physical strength 水 力 suiryoku water power, hydraulic power 風 力 fūryoku force of the wind; wind power 全 力 zenryoku all one's power, utmost efforts 無 力 muryoku powerless, helpless DAN, NAN, otoko man, human male 男 性 dansei man; masculine gender 長 男 chōnan eldest son 男 の 人 otoko no hito man 山 男 yamaotoko mountain dweller; mountaineer 大 男 ōotoko giant, tall man JO, NYO, [NYŌ], onna woman me feminine 女 性 josei woman; feminine gender 長 女 chōjo eldest daughter 男 女 danjo men and women 女 の 人 onna no hito woman 女 心 onnagokoro a woman's heart SHI, SU, ko child 男 子 danshi boy, man 男 の 子 otokonoko boy 女 子 joshi girl, woman 女 の 子 onnanoko girl 分 子 bunshi molecule; numerator (of a fraction) KŌ, kono(mu), su(ku) like 好 物 kōbutsu favorite food 好 人 物 kōjinbutsu good-natured person 物 好 き monozuki idle curiosity 大 好 き daisuki like very much 好 き 好 き sukizuki matter of individual preference AN N peace, peacefulness yasu(i) cheap 安 心 anshin feel relieved/reassured 安 全 anzen safety 不 安 fuan unease, anxiety, fear 目 安 meyasu standard, yardstick 安 物 yasumono cheap goods, low-quality merchandise 85 79,

88 06 ї ѣ Ѻ н м ы ћ 06 3m7.6 ntg / ϕ 07 r3. u@ d5. ±v@ /74 4 ஊ 09 3n4. o E / ԁ學 0 3m. ne /33 6 ࠓ j.4 NO / 0a5.36 g[ 5 ඇ AN N plan, proposal 案 内 annai guidance, information 案 外 angai contrary to expectations 名 案 meian good idea 思 案 shian consideration, reflection 案 出 anshutsu contrive, devise YŌ business, usage mochi(iru) use 用 事 yōji business affair; errand 用 語 yōgo (technical) term, vocabulary 無 用 muyō useless; unnecessary 男 子 用 danshiyō for men, men's 用 水 yōsui city/tap water , 03 DEN N electricity 00 電 力 denryoku electrical power/energy 03 電 子 denshi electron 03 電 子 レ ン ジ denshi renji microwave oven 96 発 電 hatsuden generation of electricity 風 力 発 電 fūyoku hatsuden wind power generation 9, 00, 96 U science, study mana(bu) learn GAKU 大 学 daigaku university, college 学 部 gakubu academic department; faculty 入 学 nyūgaku entry/admission into a school 学 生 gakusei student 言 語 学 gengogaku linguistics JII character, letter aza village section 国 字 kokuji national/japanese script ロ ー マ 字 rōmaji roman letters 当 て 字 ateji kanji used phonetically/for meaning 字 体 jitai form of a character, typeface, font 十 字 jūji a cross BUN, MON N literature, text, sentence fumii letter, note 文 字 moji, monji letter, character 文 学 bungaku literature 本 文 honbun text, wording 文 語 bungo the written language 文 明 bunmei civilization , BO, haha mother 母 子 boshi mother and child 生 母 seibo one's biological mother 母 国 語 bokokugo one's mother tongue 母 方 hahakata maternal, on the mother's side お 母 さん okāsan mother , 67 70

89 3 9 Ѡ Д і њ ѝ е ќ 3 FU, chichii father 父 母 fubo, chichihaha father and mother 父 子 fushi father and child/son 父 方 chichikata paternal, on the father's side 父 上 chichiue father お 父 さん otōsan father o.3 RO /6 ഠ 4 j4.3 N_O / 6 ۱ 5 4a6.4 tn_ /4 6 ܘ 6 0a6.5 g^@ a6.0 Yg^ / 5 5 Ӎ 8 3b3. bo@ / 9 3a3.4 YO@ / KŌ intersection; coming and going ma(jiru), ma(zaru) (intr.) mix maji(eru), ma(zeru) (tr.) mix maji(waru), ka(u) associate (with) ka(wasu) exchange (greetings) 40 国 交 kokkō diplomatic relations 83 外 交 gaikō foreign policy, diplomacy 98 性 交 seikō sexual intercourse KŌ school; (printing) proof 学 校 gakkō school 小 学 校 shōgakkō elementary school 中 学 校 chūgakkō junior high school 母 校 bokō alma mater 校 長 kōchō principal, headmaster 09 7, 09 8, MAII every, each 毎 年 mainen, maitoshi every year, annual 毎 月 maigetsu, maitsuki every month, monthly 毎 週 maishū every week, weekly 毎 日 mainichi every day, daily 毎 時 maiji every hour, hourly, per hour KAI, umii sea, ocean 大 海 taikai an ocean 海 上 kaijō ocean, seagoing, marine 海 外 kaigai overseas, abroad 内 海 uchiumi, naikai inland sea 日 本 海 Nihonkai Sea of Japan CHI, JII earth, land 土 地 tochi land, soil 地 下 chika underground, subterranean 地 方 chihō region, area 地 名 chimei place name 生 地 kiji ffabric; inherent nature; dough CHI, ike pond 用 水 池 yōsuichi water reservoir 電 池 denchi battery 池 田 Ikeda (surname) 小 池 Koike (surname) , 5 birthplace seichi one s ,

90 0 6 0 ѽ a3.4 AO@ /3 ੩ Ѿ ѿ Ҁ ҁ 5b0. é /54 a5. Aé /3 54 ϛ 3 3a5.0 Yb` / 7 ක 4 5d3. êe /56 4 ༳ 5 5d. ê` / o. R` /6 7 ۷ TA, hoka other, another 他 人 tanin another person; stranger 他 国 takoku another/foreign country 他 方 tahō the other side/party/direction 自 他 jita oneself and others そ の 他 sono ta and so forth RITSU, [RYŪ], ta(tsu) stand (up) ta(teru) set up, raise 国 立 kokuritsu national, state-supported 自 立 jiritsu independent, self-supporting 中 立 chūritsu neutral, neutrality 目 立 つ medatsu be conspicuous, stick out 立 ち 上 が る tachiagaru stand up I, kuraii rank, position 地 位 chii position, rank 学 位 gakui academic degree 上 位 jōi higher rank 本 位 hon'i monetary standard; basis, principle 位 取り kuraidori position (before/after decimal point) HŌ, HA', HO'' law 国 法 kokuhō laws of the country 立 法 rippō enactment of legislation 法 案 hōan bill, legislative proposal 文 法 bunpō grammar 方 法 hōhō method WA, [O]] peace, harmony; (short for) Japanese yawa(rageru/ragu), nago(mu) soften, calm down nago(yaka) mild, gentle, congenial 和 文 wabun Japanese script 9 和 風 wafū Japanese style 94 不 和 fuwa disharmony, discord, enmity 6 大 和 Yamato (old) Japan SHI, watakushi, watashii I; private 私 事 shiji personal affairs 私 物 shibutsu private property 私 用 shiyō private use 私 立 shiritsu private, privately supported 私 自 身 watakushi jishin personally, as for me KŌ, ōyake public, official 公 安 kōan public peace/security 公 法 kōhō public law 公 立 kōritsu public 公 海 kōkai international waters 公 言 kōgen public declaration, avowal ,

91 7 33 Ҋ 7 4a4. t /4 8 4a8.39 t /4 RIN, hayashii woods, forest 山 林 sanrin mountains and forests; mountain forest 山 林 学 (san)ringaku forestry 林 立 rinritsu stand close together in large numbers 林 Hayashi (surname) 小 林 Kobayashi (surname) 34 34, 09 7 SHIN, morii woods, forest 森 林 shinrin woods, forest 大 森 Ōmori (area of Tōkyō) 森 Mori (surname) 7 6 CHIKU, take bamboo 竹 林 chikurin, takebayashi bamboo grove/thicket 竹 刀 shinai bamboo sword (for kendō) 竹 の 子 takenoko bamboo shoots 竹 の つ え take no tsue bamboo cane 竹 や ぶ takeyabu bamboo thicket f0. ú /66 ૦ 30 6f6. ú O /66 39 ೫ 3 4c6.6 vb / b8. évá / Ϥ 33 7c0. ü /69 ࡍ HITSU, fude writing brush 万 年 筆 mannenhitsu fountain pen 自 筆 jihitsu one's own handwriting; autograph 筆 名 hitsumei pen name, pseudonym 文 筆 bunpitsu literary work, writing 筆 先 fudesaki tip of the writing brush 6, SHO, ka(ku) write 書 物 shomotsu book 文 書 bunsho, monjo (in) writing, document 書 名 shomei book title 前 書 き maegaki foreword, preface 書 き 取り kakitori dictation I will, heart, mind, thought; meaning, sense 意 見 iken opinion 用 意 yōi preparations, readiness 好 意 kōi goodwill, good wishes, kindness 意 外 igai unexpected, surprising 不 意 fui sudden, unexpected SHA, kuruma vehicle; wheel 電 車 densha electric train 人 力 車 jinrikisha rickshaw 発 車 hassha departure 下 車 gesha get off (a train) 水 車 suisha waterwheel 89 08,

92 34 40 ҋ Ҍ ҍ Ҏ ҏ Ґ ґ 34 0a6.8 ^O 5 氣 35 3a4.6 KI, KE E spirit, soul, mood 人 気 ninki popularity 気 分 kibun feeling, mood 本 気 honki seriousness, (in) earnest 気 体 kitai a gas 電 気 denki electricity KII steam 汽 車 kisha train 33 Y^ / 5 36 p8. Îv} / ڵ 37 GEN N origin; (Chinese monetary unit) GAN N origin moto origin; (as prefix) former, ex5 元 日 ganjitsu New Year's Day 3 元 金 gankin principal (vs. interest), principal amount 34 元 気 genki healthy, peppy 8 地 元 jimoto local 0a4.5 _ 4 6 ڴ 38 3n3. o_ /35 6 ۶ 39 0a GEN N original, fundamental hara plain, field, wilderness 69 原 点 genten starting point 06 原 案 gen'an the original plan/proposal 原 文 genbun the text, the original 03 原 子 genshi atom 03, 00 原 子 力 genshiryoku atomic energy, nuclear power KŌ, hikarii light hika(ru) shine 日 光 nikkō sunlight, sunshine 月 光 gekkō moonlight 光 年 kōnen light-year 発 光 hakkō luminosity, emit light 電 光 denkō electric light; lightning KŌ, KU U artisan, manufacturing, construction 工 事 kōji construction 大 工 daiku carpenter 女 工 jokō woman factory-worker 工 学 kōgaku engineering 人 工 jinkō man-made, artificial KŪ, sora a sky; emptyy a(keru/ku) make/be unoccupied kara a empty 34 空 気 kūki air 4, 43, 43 n _ 時 間と 空 間 (jikan to) kūkan (time and) space 33 空 車 kūsha empty car, For Hire (taxi) / 空 手 karate karate 6 大 空 ōzora sky, firmament 3m5. ظ 90

93 4 47 Ғ ғ Ҕ ҕ Җ җ Ҙ 4 0a a7.9 vb f7. Ävb /46 4 າ 44 3n. o@ / c4.7 è}@ / a5.3 tè / k9.8 áèt /5 55 ਨ 4 TEN, ame, [ama]] heaven 天 気 tenki weather 天 文 学 tenmongaku astronomy 天 国 tengoku paradise 天 性 tensei nature, natural constitution 天 の 川 amanogawa Milky Way 34, RII village; (old unit of length, about.9 km) sato village, one's parents' home 5 千 里 senri 000 ri; a great distance 7 海 里 kairi nautical mile 03 里 子 satogo foster child 97 里 心 satogokoro homesickness RII reason, logic, principle 地 理 学 chiri(gaku) geography 心 理 学 shinrigaku psychology 理 学 部 rigakubu department of science 無 理 muri unreasonable; impossible; (by) force 理 事 riji director SHŌ, suko(shi) a little, a few suku(nai) little, few 少 年 shōnen boy 少 年 法 shōnenhō the Juvenile Law 少 女 shōjo girl 少 々 shōshō a little 少 し ず つ sukoshizutsu little by little, a little at a time 8, 09 97, 09 09, , 3 0 SEI, kaeri(miru) reflect upon, give heed to SHŌ (government) ministry; province (in China); save habu(ku) omit, cut down on 6 自 省 jisei reflection, introspection 84 内 省 naisei introspection, 80, 94 人 事 不 省 jinjifusei unconsciousness, fainting 省 エ ネ ル ギ ー shō-ene(rugī) energy saving SŌ aspect, phase SHŌ (government) minister ai- together, fellow, each other 77 相 当 sōtō suitable, appropriate 3 法 相 hōshō Minister of Justice 83 外 相 gaishō foreign minister 57 相 手 aite the other party, partner, opponent SŌ, [SO]] idea, thought 思 想 shisō idea, thought 回 想 kaisō retrospection, reminiscense 理 想 risō an ideal 空 想 kūsō fantasy, daydream め い 想 meisō meditation

94 48 54 ҙ Қ қ Ҝ ҝ Ҟ 48 o7. Rè] / q9.4 Uè_ / q7.8 Uu /9 43 ଳ 5 7d6.5 Ée / â /40 ی 53 TSŪ, [TSU], tō(ru) go through, pass tō(su) let through kayo(u) commute 交 通 kōtsū traffic, transportation 文 通 buntsū correspondence, letter-exchange 通 学 tsūgaku attend school 見 通 し mitōshi prospects, outlook RO, -jii street, way 道 路 dōro street, road 十 字 路 jūjiro intersection, crossroads 水 路 suiro waterway, aqueduct 海 路 kairo sea route 通 路 tsūro passageway, walkway, aisle , , SHO, tokoro place 06, 84 案 内 所 annaijo inquiry office, information desk 8 名 所 meisho noted place, sights (to see) 95 所 長 shochō director, head manager 95 長 所 chōsho strong point, merit, advantage 原 子 力 発 電 所 genshiryoku hatsudensho nuclear power plant 4m4.3 â / bvi / 4 DŌ, [TŌ], michii road, way, path; dao/tao 国 道 kokudō national highway 水 道 suidō water conduits, running water 北 海 道 Hokkaidō Hokkaidō 書 道 shodō calligraphy 回り道 mawarimichi a detour KO, to door 戸 外 で kogai de outdoors, in the open air 下 戸 geko nondrinker, teetotaler 戸 口 toguchi doorway 木 戸 kido gate, entrance; castle gate 雨 戸 amado storm door, shutter 4m0. 3b9.6 SHU, kubii neck, head 首 相 shushō prime minister 元 首 genshu sovereign, ruler 首 位 shui leading position, top spot 部 首 bushu radical of a kanji 手 首 tekubi wrist 7 ट塲 JŌ, ba place 工 場 kōjō, kōba factory, plant 出 場 shutsujō stage appearance; participation 場 所 basho place, location 立 場 tachiba standpoint, point of view 相 場 sōba market price

95 55 6 ҟ Ҡ ҡ Ң ң Ҥ ҥ 55 SHU, [SU]] main; master, lord nushii owner, masterr omo o main, principal 主 人 shujin husband, head of household, 6 主 人 公 shujinkō hero, main character 6 自 主 jishu independence, autonomy 67 主 語 shugo subject (in grammar) 8 地 主 jinushi landowner, landlord 4f. Ä[ /46 56 a5.9 AÄ[ / a7. Aù / a4.9 A ` /3 4 7 Ҽ會 JŪ, su(mu), su(mau) live, dwell, reside 住 所 jūsho an address 住 人 jūnin inhabitant, resident 安 住 anjū peaceful living 住 ま い sumai residence, where one lives, address 住 み 心 地 sumigokochi comfortableness, livability , 8 SHIN N faith, trust, belief 信 用 shin'yō trust 不 信 fushin bad faith, insincerity; distrust 自 信 jishin (self-)confidence 所 信 shoshin one's conviction, opinion 通 信 tsūshin communication, correspondence, dispatch KAII meeting, association E, a(u) meet 国 会 kokkai parliament, diet, congress 大 会 taikai mass meeting; sports meet, tournament 学 会 gakkai learned/academic society 会 見 kaiken interview, news conference 出 会う deau happen to meet, run into GŌ, GA', [KA'], a(u) fit a(waseru), a(wasu) put together 合 意 gōi mutual consent, agreement A e 場 合 baai, bawai (in this) case お 見 合 い (o)miai marriage interview /3 4 間 に 合う maniau be in time (for); will do/suffice 見 合 わ せ る miawaseru look at each other; postpone a f6. úea / e0. /75 3 TŌ, kota(e) an answer kota(eru) answer 回 答 kaitō an answer, reply 口 答 kōtō oral answer 筆 答 hittō written answer 名 答 meitō correct answer 答 案 tōan examination paper MON, kado gate 入 門 書 nyūmon(sho) introduction, primer 部 門 bumon group, category, branch 名 門 meimon distinguished/illustrious family 門 下 生 monkasei (someone's) pupil 門 口 kadoguchi front door, entrance , , 44 54

96 6 68 Ҧ ҧ Ҩ ҩ Ҫ ҫ Ҭ 6 8e3. e / IN N member 会 員 kaiin 海 員 kaiin 工 員 kōin 人 員 jin'in 全 員 zen'in 3d7.0 eû /4 68 І 64 4c4.3 vb@ /4 ࡋ 65 3m7. ni\ / ғ 66 3m6.4 nb` / r6.3 sb` /40 7 ѻ 68 3q5.4 ÃeP /8 4 MON, to(i), [ton]] question, problem to(u) ask, inquire 問 答 mondō questions and answers, dialogue 学 問 gakumon learning, science 問 い 合 わ せ toiawase inquiry 問 い た だ す toitadasu inquire, question 3 member (of a society) seaman, sailor factory worker staff, personnel all members, entire staff SHA, mono person 学 者 gakusha scholar 日 本 学 者 Nihongakusha Japanologist 筆 者 hissha writer, author 信 者 shinja believer, the faithful 後 者 kōsha the latter , 5, KA, KE, ie, ya house, home, family 家 事 kaji family affairs; household chores 家 内 kanai (one's own) wife 国 家 kokka state, nation 家 来 kerai retainer, vassal 家 主 yanushi landlord, house owner SHITSU U a room muro greenhouse, cellar 和 室 washitsu Japanese-style room 私 室 shishitsu private room 室 内 shitsunai in a room, indoor 分 室 bunshitsu isolated room; annex 室 長 shitsuchō senior roommate; section chief OKU U house ya roof; house; shop, dealer 家 屋 kaoku house, building 屋 上 okujō roof, rooftop 部 屋 heya a room 小 屋 koya cottage, hut, shack 八 百 屋 yaoya vegetable shop, greengrocer TEN, mise shop, store 書 店 shoten bookstore 本 店 honten head office, main shop 店 員 ten'in store employee, clerk 店 先 misesaki storefront 出 店 demise branch store ,

97 69 75 ҭ Ү ү Ұ ұ Ҳ ҳ 69 m7. Pwe / அ點 70 3r4.4 se / r5.3 seo /40 4 ה 7 k3. Oe / 4 ۄ 73 4i5. ÉeO /49 4 ۍ 74 5b8.3 ét / b. éût / TEN N point 出 発 点 shuppatsuten starting point 原 点 genten starting point; origin (of coordinates) 合 点 gaten, gatten understanding; consent 点 字 tenji Braille 点 火 tenka ignite 53, KYOKU U bureau, office 当 局 tōkyoku the authorities, responsible officials 局 長 kyokuchō director of a bureau; postmaster 局 員 kyokuin staff member of a bureau 局 外 者 kyokugaisha outsider, onlooker 時 局 jikyoku the situation , 64 4 KYO, i(ru) be (present), exist 住 居 jūkyo dwelling, residence 居 住 地 kyojūchi place of residence 居 間 ima living room 長 居 nagai stay (too) long 居 合 わ せ る iawaseru (happen to) be present 56 56, KO, furu(i) old furu(su) wear out 古 風 kofū old customs; antiquated 古 語 kogo archaic word; old adage 古 文 kobun classical literature, ancient classics 古 今 東 西 kokon-tōzai all ages and countries 古 本 furuhon secondhand/used book , 7, 7 5 KO deceased yue reason, cause, circumstances 故 人 kojin the deceased 故 事 koji historical event 事 故 jiko accident 故 国 kokoku one's homeland, native country 故 意 koi intention, purpose SHIN, atara(shii), ara(ta), nii- new 新 聞 shinbun newspaper 古 新 聞 furushinbun old newspapers 新 年 shinnen the New Year 新 人 shinjin newcomer, new face 一 新 isshin renovation, reform 64 7, SHIN N intimacy; parent oya parent shita(shii) intimate, close (friend) shita(shimu) get to know better 39 親 切 shinsetsu kind, friendly 5 親 日 shin-nichi pro-japanese 母 親 hahaoya mother 03 親 子 oyako parent and child 95

98 76 8 Ҵ ҵ Ҷ ҷ Ҹ ҹ Һ 76 7b8.7 û /68 50 貭 SHITSU U quality, nature SHICHI, [CHI]] hostage, pawn shitsumon a question seishitsu nature, property busshitsu matter, material, substance honshitsu essence, substance hitojichi hostage 質問 性質 物質 本質 人質 MIN, tamii people, nation 0a5.3 国 民 kokumin people, nation, citizen 人 民 jinmin the people, citizens so 原 住 民 (gen)jūmin (aboriginal) native of a place 40 民 間 minkan private (not public) 民 意 min'i will of the people จ 78 3m3.4 no@ /33 છ 79 3m8.3 nva / a4.4 óîo /6 8 帋 8 j3. Nh / 6 8 5f. ì] /58 4 କ甼 TAKU U house, home, residence 住 宅 jūtaku house, residence 自 宅 jitaku one's own home, private residence 私 宅 shitaku one's private residence 宅 地 takuchi land for housing, residential site 家 宅 kataku house, the premises 40 36, SHUKU, yado lodging, inn yado(ru) take shelter; be pregnant yado(su) give shelter, conceive (a child) 3 下 宿 geshuku room and board; boardinghouse 59 合 宿 gasshuku lodging together 67 宿 屋 yadoya inn 77 民 宿 minshuku tourist home, bed-and-breakfast SHI, kamii paper 和 紙 washi Japanese paper 日 本 紙 Nihonshi Japanese paper 新 聞 紙 shinbunshi newspaper; newsprint 質 問 用 紙 shitsumon yōshi questionnaire 手 紙 tegami letter 4 5, 5 74, 64 76, 6, SHII city, town, market ichii market 市 長 shichō mayor 市 会 shikai municipal assembly, city council 市 立 shiritsu municipal 市 民 shimin citizen, townspeople 市 場 ichiba, shijō marketplace, market CHŌ, machii town, quarter, street 町 民 chōmin townsman, townsfolk 町 人 chōnin merchant; townsfolk 町 内 chōnai neighborhood 下 町 shitamachi (low-lying) downtown area 室 町 Muromachi (historical period, )

99 83 89 һ Ҽ ҽ Ҿ ҿ Ӏ Ӂ 83 t. O /0 ث 區 84 0a f7.4 ìò@ ವ 86 3i9. kb /9 4 Ӣ 87 3i8. kt / CHŌ city block-size area; two-page leaf of paper; even number, (counter for dishes of food) TEII D, No. 4 (in a series), adult; T shape, 55 一 丁 目 itchōme city block No. (in addresses) 45 丁 年 teinen (age of) majority, adulthood 0, 5 丁 字 路 teijiro T-shaped street, street intersection ] /58 6 KU U ward, municipal administrative district 地 区 chiku district, area, zone 区 間 kukan section, interval 区 切 る kugiru partition; punctuate 区 分 kubun division, partition; classification 北 区 Kita-ku Kita Ward (Tōkyō) 4 ࢦ BAN N keeping watch; number; order 一 番 ichiban the first; number one, most 二 番 目 nibanme the second, number 番 地 banchi lot/house number 局 番 kyokuban exchange (part of a phone number) 交 番 kōban police box GAI, [KAI], machii street 街 路 gairo street 街 道 kaidō street, highway 市 街 shigai the streets (of a city); town 名 店 街 meitengai arcade of well-known stores 地 下 街 chikagai underground shopping mall JUTSU U art, technique, means, conjury 手 術 shujutsu (surgical) operation 手 術 室 shujutsushitsu operating room 学 術 gakujutsu science, learning 学 術 用 語 gakujutsu yōgo technical term 3, , 68 8, , , 07, TO, TSU, miyako capital (city) d8.3 大 都 市 (dai)toshi (major/large) city G v b 都 会 tokai city 首 都 shuto capital (city) /7 4 都 内 tonai in (the city of) Tōkyō 都 合 tsugō circumstances, reasons ங 89 j6.3 Ne} / 4 35 ף 亰 KYŌ, KEII the capital 東 京 都 Tōkyō(-to) (City of) Tōkyō 京 都 市 Kyōto(-shi) (City of) Kyōto 上 京 jōkyō go/come to Tōkyō 北 京 Pekin Peking, Beijing 南 京 Nankin Nanking 97 6, , 88 88,

100 90 96 ӂ Ӄ ӄ Ӆ ӆ Ӈ Ӊ 90 j8.6 Ne / a3. t~ /4 37 ੧邨 9 A~ 37 ഒ 93 d7. G e /7 39 SON, mura village 市 町 村 shichōson cities, towns, and villages 村 会 sonkai village assembly 村 長 sonchō village mayor 村 民 sonmin villager 村 人 murabito villager 36 3, , FU, tsu(ku) be attached, belong (to) tsu(keru) attach, apply (cf. No. 843) 4 交 付 kōfu deliver, hand over 5 日 付 け hizuke date (of a letter) 34 気 付く kizuku (take) notice 79 付 き 物 tsukimono what (something) entails, adjunct a3.6 /3 KŌ, taka(i) high; expensive taka amount, quantity taka(maru) rise taka(meru) raise 高 原 kōgen plateau, heights, tableland 上 高 地 Kamikōchi (scenic valley in Japanese Alps) 高 校 kōkō senior high school (short for kōtō gakkō) 名 高 い nadakai renowned, famous GUN N county, district 郡 部 gunbu rural district 新 田 郡 Nitta-gun Nitta District (Gunma Prefecture) 86 74, n6.3 oè@ /35 55 ڨ 縣 95 f4. /6 96 3k3.3 m_ ש , 54 SHŪ Ū state, province su sandbank, shoals 5 本 州 Honshū (largest of the 4 main islands of Japan) 九 州 Kyūshū (one of the 4 main islands of Japan) カリフォル ニ ア 州 Kariforunia-shū (State of) California 五 大 州 godaishū the 5 continents (Asia, Africa, Europe, 7, 6 中 州 nakasu sandbank in a river America, and Australia) 8 I /3 6 KEN N prefecture, province 郡 県 gunken districts/counties and prefectures 県 立 kenritsu prefectural, provincial 県 道 kendō prefectural highway 県 会 kenkai prefectural assembly 山 口 県 Yamaguchi-ken Yamaguchi Prefecture KYŌ together; (short for) communism tomo together -tomo including 共 学 kyōgaku coeducation 共 通 kyōtsū (in) common (with) 公 共 kōkyō the public, community 共 和 国 kyōwakoku republic , 40

101 97 03 ӊ Ӌ ӌ Ӎ ӎ ӏ Ӑ 97 a6.3 Am_ /3 3 6 פ 98 r4. e /0 4 仝 99 3d3.0 / a6. q 36 0 ໑兩 0 3a9.5 Ymq / 3 36 滿 0 k3.4 ]_ m5.4 n / KYŌ, [KU]] offer sona(eru) make an offering, dedicate tomo attendant, companion 供 出 kyōshutsu delivery 自 供 jikyō confession, admission 供 物 kumotsu votive offering 子 供 kodomo child DŌ, ona(ji) same 同 時 に dōji ni at the same time, simultaneously 共 同 kyōdō joint, communal, cooperative 合 同 gōdō combination, merger, joint 同 意 dōi agreement, consent 同 居 dōkyo live in the same house, live together KŌ, mu(kau) face (toward), proceed (to) mu(keru) (tr.) turn mu(ku) (intr.) turn mu(kō) opposite side 70 方 向 hōkō direction 3 向 上 kōjō elevation, betterment 3 意 向 ikō intention, inclination 83, 外 人 向 け gaijinmuke for foreigners 両親 両方 両手 両立 車両 RYŌ both, (obsolete Japanese coin) ryōshin parents ryōhō both ryōte both hands ryōritsu coexist, be compatible (with) sharyō car, vehicle MAN N full; (short for) Manchuria mi(chiru) become full mi(tasu) fill, fulfill 満 足 manzoku satisfaction 不 満 fuman dissatisfaction, discontent 満 員 man'in full to capacity 満 点 manten perfect score HEI, BYŌ, tai(ra), hira flat, level 平 行 heikō parallel 平 和 heiwa peace 不 平 fuhei discontent, complaint 平 方 メ ート ル heihōmētoru square meter 平 家 Heike Heike (historic clan) hiraya -story house JITSU U truth, actuality mii fruit, nut mino(ru) bear fruit jijitsu fact kōjitsu pretext, excuse jikkō put into practice, carry out, realize jitsuryoku actual ability, competence jitsuyō practical use 事実 口実 実行 実力 実用 99

102 04 0 ӑ Ӓ ӓ Ӕ ӕ Ӗ ӗ 04 n4. Qs@ /5 40 स 05 4c.3 v@ /4 06 4d7. wvb /44 4 ݒ 07 b_ / b4.0 ub 09 4k8.9 áub /5 43 ण 0 4c4. v^@ /4 5 ୯ HAKU, BYAKU, shiro(i), shiro, [shira]] white 白 紙 hakushi white/blank paper 白 書 hakusho a white paper (on), report 白 人 hakujin a white, Caucasian 自 白 jihaku confession, admission 空 白 kūhaku a blank; vacuum KOKU, kuro(i), kuro black 黒 人 kokujin a black, Negro 黒 白 kuroshiro black and/or white; right and wrong 黒 字 kuroji (in the ) black, black figures 黒 子 kuroko black-clad kabuki stagehand 黒 海 Kokkai the Black Sea SEKI, [SHAKU], aka(i), aka red aka(ramu) become red, blush aka(rameru) make red, blush, 0 赤 十 字 Sekijūji Red Cross 49 赤 道 sekidō equator 0 赤 字 akaji deficit, red figures, (in the) red 赤 ちゃ ん akachan baby 3b4.0 /43 SHOKU, SHIKI, iro color; erotic passion 原 色 genshoku primary color 好 色 kōshoku sensuality, lust, eroticism 色 紙 shikishi (type of calligraphy paper) irogami colored paper 金 色 kin'iro, kinshoku, konjiki gold color SEI, [SHŌ], ao(i), ao blue, green; unripe 青 年 seinen young man/people 青 少 年 seishōnen young people, youth 青 空 aozora blue sky 青 空 市 場 aozora ichiba open-air market 青 物 aomono green vegetables JŌ, [SEI], nasa(ke) emotion, sympathy 人 情 ninjō human feelings, humanity 同 情 dōjō sympathy 無 情 mujō heartlessness, callousness 事 情 jijō circumstances, situation 実 情 jitsujō actual situation, the facts TEKII (attributive suffix); target mato target 目 的 mokuteki purpose, aim, goal 一 時 的 ichijiteki temporary 民 主 的 minshuteki democratic 理 想 的 risōteki ideal 自 発 的 jihatsuteki voluntary, spontaneous , , 8, , 4 77, 55 43, 47 6, 96

103 7 Ә ә Ӛ ӛ Ӝ ӝ Ӟ 6a3.7 ó^[ /6 5 3h0. j YAKU U approximately; promise 公 約 kōyaku public commitment 口 約 kōyaku verbal promise 約 三 キ ロ yaku san kiro approximately 3 km/kg 約 半 分 yaku hanbun approximately half 先 約 sen'yaku previous engagement , KYŪ, yumii bow (for archery/violin) 弓 術 kyūjutsu (Japanese) archery 弓 道 kyūdō (Japanese) archery SHI, ya arrow 弓 矢 yumiya bow and arrow CHI, shi(ru) know 通 知 tsūchi a notification, communication 周 知 shūchi common knowledge, generally known 知 事 chiji governor (of a prefecture) 知 人 chijin an acquaintance 知り合 い shiriai an acquaintance TAN, mijika(i) short 長 短 chōtan (relative) length; good and bad points 短 刀 tantō short sword, dagger 短 気 tanki short temper, touchiness, hastiness 短 所 tansho defect, shortcoming 短 大 tandai junior college (short for tanki daigaku) IN, hi(ku) pull, attract hi(keru) be ended; make cheaper 引 力 inryoku attraction, gravitation 引 用 in'yō quotation, citation 引 き 出 し hikidashi drawer 取り引 き torihiki transaction, trade 引 き 上 げ hikiage raise, increase KYŌ, GŌ, tsuyo(i) strong tsuyo(maru) become strong(er) tsuyo(meru) make strong(er), strengthen shi(iru) force 強 力 kyōryoku strength, power 強 国 kyōkoku strong country, great power 強 情 gōjō stubborness, obstinacy 強 引 に gōin ni by force /8 3 0a5.9 ^ d5.4 e ^ / d9.7 e ^ / h. j@ /8 Љ 7 3h8.3 jö` /8 64 ײ 7 0

104 8 4 ӟ Ӡ ӡ Ӣ ӣ Ӥ ӥ 8 JAKU, yowa(i) weak(er) yowa(ru), yowa(maru) become weak(er) yowa(meru) make weak(er), weaken 7 強 弱 kyōjaku strengths and weaknesses, strength 69 弱 点 jakuten a weakness, weak point 6 弱 体 jakutai weak 34 弱 気 yowaki faintheartedness; bearishness 3h7. jc / g6. iö /7 64 ௫獨 0 t5. ^ / ϴ醫 4h7.3 Ç ^ / h6.4 Ç^A / a4.0 A /3 0 జ 4 6b0. ò /6 ൡ U alone; (short for) Germany hito(ri) alone DOKU 独 立 dokuritsu independence 独 身 dokushin unmarried, single 独 学 dokugaku study on one s own, self-instruction 日 独 Nichi-Doku Japan and Germany, Japanese-German 和 独 Wa-Doku Japanese-German (dictionary) I medicine, healing 医 学 igaku medicine 医 学 部 igakubu medical department/school 医 学 用 語 igaku yōgo medical term 医 者 isha physician, doctor 女 医 joi woman physician, lady doctor , 86 09, 07, ZOKU U family, tribe 家 族 kazoku family 親 族 shinzoku relative, kin 一 族 ichizoku one's whole family, kin 部 族 buzoku tribe 民 族 学 minzokugaku ethnology , 09 RYO, tabii trip, travel 旅 行 ryokō trip, travel 旅 行 者 ryokōsha traveler, tourist 旅 先 tabisaki destination 旅 立 つ tabidatsu start on a journey 68 68, NIKU U meat, flesh; personal-seal inkpad 肉 屋 nikuya butcher (shop) 肉 体 nikutai the body, the flesh 肉 親 nikushin blood relationship/relative 肉 付 き の よ い nikuzuki no yoi well-fleshed, plump 肉 筆 nikuhitsu one's own handwriting; autograph BEII rice; (short for) America MAI, kome rice 白 米 hakumai polished rice 新 米 shinmai new rice; novice 外 米 gaimai imported rice 日 米 Nichi-Bei Japan and America, Japanese-U.S. 南 米 Nanbei South America

105 5 3 Ӧ ӧ Ө ө Ӫ ӫ Ӭ 5 4i9. Éòg / অ數 6 9a9. æò / a d9. êü / a6.5 { 30 ੪夛 30 3d6.5 e /4 ഇ 3 g9. Kü@ /8 69 SŪ, [SU], kazu number kazo(eru) count 数 字 sūji digit, numeral, figures 数 学 sūgaku mathematics 人 数 ninzū number of people 無 数 musū countless, innumerable 手 数 tesū trouble, bother RUI, tagu(i) kind, type, genus 親 類 shinrui relative, kin 人 類 jinrui mankind 書 類 shorui papers, documents 分 類 bunrui classification 類 語 ruigo synonym JŪ, CHŌ, omo(i) heavy kasa(naru) lie on top of one another kasa(neru) pile on top of one another -e -fold, -ply 6 体 重 taijū body weight 00 重 力 jūryoku gravity, gravitation 6 重 大 jūdai weighty, grave, important 3 二 重 nijū, futae double, twofold SHU U kind, type; species tane seed; cause 種 類 shurui kind, type, sort 一 種 isshu kind, sort 人 種 jinshu a human race 種 子 shushi seed, pit 不 安 の 種 fuan no tane cause of unease TA, ō(i) much, many, numerous 多 少 tashō much or little, many or few; some 多 数 tasū large number (of); majority 大 多 数 daitasū the overwhelming majority 多 元 的 tagenteki pluralistic 数 多く kazuōku many, great number (of) HIN N refinement; article shina goods; quality 上 品 jōhin refined, elegant, graceful 下 品 gehin unrefined, gross, vulgar 品 質 hinshitsu quality 部 品 buhin (spare/machine) parts 品 物 shinamono merchandise , , 5 37, DŌ motion ugo(ku) (intr.) move ugo(kasu) (tr.) move 6, 33 自 動 車 jidōsha automobile, car 79 動 物 dōbutsu animal 00 動 力 dōryoku (motive) power 68 行 動 kōdō action 63 動 員 dōin mobilize 03

106 3 38 ӭ Ӯ ӯ Ӱ ӱ Ӳ ӳ 3 a. AüK / 仂 33 3n4.3 o K / 勞 34 k6. OK / i7.6 É]K / ช 36 0a.5 vb] 4 4 ๅ埜 37 3a6.6 YeO / 4 ԑ 38 7a6.8 ùeo /67 4 DŌ, hatara(ku) work 実 働 時 間 jitsudō jikan actual working hours 働 き hataraki work; functioning; ability 働 き 口 hatarakiguchi job, position 働 き 者 hatarakimono hard worker 働 き 手 hatarakite breadwinner RŌ labor, toil 労 働 rōdō work, labor 労 働 者 rōdōsha worker, laborer 労 働 時 間 rōdō jikan working hours 労 力 rōryoku trouble, effort; labor 心 労 shinrō worry, concern 03, 4, , 64 3, 4, KYŌ cooperation 00 協 力 kyōryoku cooperation 00, 64 協 力 者 kyōryokusha collaborator, coworker 98 協 同 kyōdō cooperation, collaboration, partnership Society 58 協 会 kyōkai society, association 5, 4, 58 日 米 協 会 Nichi-Bei Kyōkai the America-Japan MU, tsuto(meru) work, serve tsuto(maru) be fit/competent for 80, 53 事 務 所 jimusho office 6, 63 公 務 員 kōmuin government employee 40 国 務 kokumu affairs of state 83, 45 外 務 省 Gaimushō Ministry of Foreign Affairs YA, no field, plain 野 生 yasei wild (animal/plant) 平 野 heiya a plain Hirano (surname) 分 野 bun'ya field (of endeavor) 野 原 nohara field, plain KATSU U life, activity 生 活 seikatsu life 活 発 kappatsu active, lively 活 動 katsudō activity 活 用 katsuyō practical use; conjugate, inflect 活 字 katsuji printing/movable type WA, hanashii conversation, story hana(su) speak 会 話 kaiwa conversation 電 話 denwa telephone 立 ち 話 tachibanashi chat while standing 話 し 手 hanashite speaker 話 し 合う hanashiau talk over

107 39 45 Ӵ ӵ Ӷ ӷ Ӹ ӹ Ӻ 39 3p4.3 r _ / 0 6 賣 40 BAI, u(ru) sell u(reru) be sold 売 店 baiten stand, newsstand, kiosk 売り子 uriko store salesclerk 売り手 urite seller 売り切 れ urikire sold out 小 売り kouri retailing, retail kaii shellfish 貝 類 kairui shellfish (plural) ほら 貝 horagai trumpet shell, conch 貝 ボ タン kaibotan shell button 7b0. û / Ӗ 4 BAI, ka(u) buy 売 買 baibai buying and selling, trade, dealing 買 い 物 kaimono shopping, purchase 買 い 手 kaite buyer 買 い 主 kainushi buyer 買 い 入 れ る kaiireru purchase, stock up on 5g7. îû / SHI, ito thread 6a0. ó /6 絲 43 6a7.5 ób /6 0 ਫ਼續 44 7a7.9 ùb /67 0 ௬讀 45 4i6. ÉbE / 一 糸 まと わ ぬ isshi matowanu stark naked 糸 口 itoguchi end of a thread; beginning; clue 糸 車 itoguruma spinning wheel 糸 目 itome a fine thread ZOKU, tsuzu(ku) (intr.) continue tsuzu(keru) (tr.) continue 続 出 zokushutsu appear one after another 続 行 zokkō continuation 相 続 sōzoku succession; inheritance 手 続 き tetsuzuki procedures, formalities 引 き 続 い て hikitsuzuite continuously, uninterruptedly DOKU, TOKU, [TŌ], yo(mu) read 読 者 dokusha reader 読 書 dokusho reading 読 本 tokuhon reader, book of readings 読 み 物 yomimono reading matter 読 み 方 yomikata reading, pronunciation (of a word) KYŌ, oshi(eru) teach oso(waru) be taught, learn 教 室 kyōshitsu classroom 教 員 kyōin teacher, instructor; teaching staff 教 会 kyōkai church 回 教 kaikyō Islam, Mohammedanism 教 え 方 oshiekata teaching method

108 46 5 ӻ Ӽ ӽ Ӿ ӿ Ԁ ԁ 46 j6.4 Nu` / 43 7 ϸ毓 47 3a7.0 YN` / 7 ແ 48 4c. vo /4 ਮ 49 3k6.3 mvo / k. /3 5 3k6.9 mta /3 4 3 ૬ 5 0a ও丗 IKU, soda(tsu) grow up soda(teru), haguku(mu) raise 教 育 kyōiku education 体 育 taiiku physical education 発 育 hatsuiku growth, development 生 育 seiiku growth, development 育 て の 親 sodate no oya foster/adoptive parent RYŪ Ū a current, style, school (of thought) [RU], naga(reru) flow naga(su) pour 50 流 通 ryūtsū circulation, distribution, ventilation 7 海 流 kairyū ocean current 68 流 行 ryūkō fashion, fad, popularity 一 流 ichiryū first class SŌ, [SA'], haya(i) early, fast haya(maru) be hasty haya(meru) hasten 早 々 sōsō early, immediately 早 目 に hayame ni a little early (leaving leeway) 早 耳 hayamimi quick-eared, in the know 手 早 い tebayai quick, nimble, agile SŌ, kusa grass, plants 草 原 sōgen grassy plain, grasslands 草 木 sōmoku, kusaki plants and trees, vegetation 草 本 sōhon herb 草 書 sōsho (cursive script form of kanji) 草 案 sōan (rough) draft shiba lawn, grass 芝 生 shibafu lawn 芝 草 shibakusa lawn 人 工 芝 jinkō shiba artificial turf 芝 居 shibai stage play, theater 芝 居 小 屋 shibai-goya playhouse, theater 44 49, , 7, 67 CHA, SA tea 茶 色 chairo brown 茶 畑 chabatake tea plantation 茶 室 chashitsu tea-ceremony room 茶 の 間 cha no ma living room 茶 道 chadō, sadō tea ceremony SEI, SE, yo world, era 二 世 nisei second generation 中 世 chūsei Middle Ages 世 間 seken the world, public, people 出 世 shusse success in life, getting ahead 世 話 sewa taking care of, looking after

109 53 59 Ԃ ԃ Ԅ ԅ Ԇ ԇ Ԉ 53 3k9. mt /3 4 ຊ 54 a k4.7 map /3 3 3 ҡ 56 a3.3 Aã /3 5 ઐ 57 j7.3 NÉ_ / 49 6 ൬變 58 j8. Ná_ / 5 6 戀 59 4i0. Éá} /49 5 ε , 94 KA, KE, ba(keru) turn oneself (into) ba(kasu) bewitch 文 化 bunka culture 09 化 学 kagaku chemistry 7 強 化 kyōka strengthening 59, 43 合 理 化 gōrika rationalization, streamlining 79 化 け 物 bakemono spook, ghost, monster AP /3 YŌ, ha leaf, foliage 葉 書 hagaki postcard 青 葉 aoba green foliage 言 葉 kotoba word; language 木 の 葉 ko no ha tree leaves, foliage 千 葉 県 Chiba-ken Chiba Prefecture (east of Tōkyō) 35 KA, hana flower, blossom 草 花 kusabana flower, flowering plant 生 け 花 ikebana flower arranging 花 屋 hanaya flower shop, florist 花 見 hanami viewing cherry blossoms 花 火 hanabi fireworks DAII generation; age; price TAI, ka(waru) represent ka(eru) replace yo generation shiro price; substitute; margin 4 時 代 jidai era, period 7 古 代 kodai ancient times, antiquity 5 世 代 sedai generation 43 代 理 dairi representation; agent HEN, ka(waru) (intr.) change ka(eru) (tr.) change 変 化 henka change, alteration 変 動 hendō change, fluctuation 変 種 henshu variety, strain 変 人 henjin an eccentric 不 変 fuhen immutability, constancy REN, koii (romantic) love ko(u) be in love koi(shii) dear, fond, long for 恋 人 koibito boyfriend, girlfriend, lover 恋 文 koibumi love letter 97 恋 心 koigokoro (awakening of) love 49 道 な ら ぬ 恋 michi naranu koi forbidden love AII love 恋 愛 ren'ai love 愛 情 aijō love 愛 国 心 aikokushin patriotic sentiment, patriotism 愛 読 aidoku like to read 愛 想 aisō amiability, sociability ,

110 60 66 ԉ Ԋ ԋ Ԍ ԍ Ԏ ԏ 60 h6. L} / n. ã^ /5 5 ঝ 6 4k9. áãe /5 5 4 Խ 63 4c8.0 võl / ނ 64 h.3 LO /9 65 4b.3 uo / d.0 e] /4 4 號 JU, u(keru) receive, take (an exam) u(karu) pass (an exam) 受 理 juri acceptance 受 動 judō passive 受 け 身 ukemi passivity; passive (in grammar) 受 け 取 る uketoru receive, accept, take 受 け 付 け uketsuke receptionist, reception desk SEI, [JŌ], na(ru) become, consist (of) na(su) do, form 成 長 seichō growth 成 年 seinen (age of) majority, adulthood 成 立 seiritsu establishment, founding 平 成 Heisei Heisei (Japanese era, 989 ) 成り行 き nariyuki course (of events), development KAN N feeling, sensation 五 感 gokan the five senses 感 心 kanshin admire 感 想 kansō one's thoughts, impressions 感 情 kanjō feelings, emotion 感 受 性 kanjusei sensibility, sensitivity , 98 SAI, motto(mo) highest, most 最 後 saigo end; last 最 新 saishin newest, latest 最 大 saidai maximum, greatest, largest 最 高 saikō maximum, highest, best 最 上 saijō best, highest YŪ, tomo friend 友 人 yūjin friend 学 友 gakuyū fellow student, classmate; alumnus 親 友 shin'yū close friend 友 好 yūkō friendship 友 情 yūjō friendliness, friendship YŪ, U, a(ru) be, exist, have 国 有 kokuyū state-owned 私 有 shiyū privately-owned 所 有 shoyū possession, ownership 有 名 yūmei famous 有 力 yūryoku influential, powerful GŌ number; pseudonym 番 号 bangō (identification) number 三 号 室 sangōshitsu Room No. 3 年 号 nengō name/year of a reign era 信 号 shingō signal 号 外 gōgai an extra (edition of a newspaper) ,

111 67 73 Ԑ ԑ Ԓ ԓ Ԕ ԕ Ԗ 67 f5.3 Ie^ /6 4 5 ൧ 68 3b3.8 bo@ / ޚ 69 c3. EO@ /6 70 4i4. Éb /49 麥 7 6a4. ób /6 ਔ 7 0a8.6 ë j. Nëv / 57 4 裡 BETSU U different, separate, another, special waka(reru) diverge, part, bid farewell 別 人 betsujin different person 7 別 居 bekkyo (legal) separation; live separately 83 区 別 kubetsu difference, distinction 38 分 別 funbetsu discretion, good judgment ZAII outskirts, country; be located a(ru) be, exist 所 在 地 shozaichi (prefectural) capital; (county) seat; 53, 8 5 location 在 日 zainichi (stationed) in Japan 83 在 外 zaigai overseas, abroad 94 不 在 fuzai absence SON, ZON N exist; know, believe 存 在 sonzai existence 生 存 seizon existence, life 存 続 sonzoku continuance, duration 共 存 kyōson coexistence 存 分 に zonbun ni as much as one likes, freely BAKU, mugii wheat, barley, rye, oats 小 麦 komugi wheat 大 麦 ōmugi barley 麦 畑 mugibatake wheat field 麦 わ ら mugiwara (wheat) straw 麦 茶 mugicha wheat tea, barley water 5 U naked, uncovered, simple SO element, beginning SU soshitsu nature, makeup 素質 質 素 shisso simple, plain 元 素 genso chemical element 水 素 suiso hydrogen 素 人 shirōto amateur, layman HYŌ table, chart; surface; expression omote surface, obverse arawa(reru) be expressed arawa(su) express 4, 43 時 間 表 jikanhyō timetable, schedule 56, 0 代 表 的 daihyōteki representative, typical 09 表 情 hyōjō facial expression 96 発 表 happyō announcement, publication RI, ura reverse side, back, rear 表 裏 hyōri inside and outside; double-dealing 裏 口 uraguchi back door, rear entrance 裏 道 uramichi back street; secret path 裏 付 け urazuke backing, support; corroboration 裏 切 る uragiru betray, double-cross

112 74 80 ԗ Ԙ ԙ Ԛ ԛ Ԝ ԝ 74 3s6. ]_ /4 4 6 ร ত 76 9a7.6 æe_ / a9.3 æél / հ顏 78 5b6.4 éb^ /54 5 ߓ 79 0a3.3 RÄ / g0. i /7 ڣ MEN N face, mask, surface, aspect omote, omo, tsura face 方 面 hōmen direction, side 表 面 hyōmen surface, exterior 面 会 menkai interview, meeting 面 目 menmoku, menboku face, honor, dignity SEI, SHŌ, tada(shii) correct, just tada(su) correct masa (ni) just, exactly, certainly 校 正 kōsei proofreading 不 正 fusei injustice 正 面 shōmen front, front side 正 月 shōgatsu January; New Year TŌ, [TO], ZU, atama, kashira head, leader, top 後 頭 部 kōtō(bu) back of the head 出 頭 shuttō appearance, attendance, presence 先 頭 sentō (in the) front, lead 口 頭 kōtō oral, verbal 頭 上 zujō overhead GAN, kao face 顔 面 ganmen face 顔 色 kaoiro complexion; a look 素 顔 sugao face without makeup 新 顔 shingao stranger; newcomer 知 ら ん 顔 shirankao pretend not to notice, ignore 48, SAN N childbirth; production; property u(mu) give birth/rise to u(mareru) be born ubu birth; infant 53 出 産 shussan childbirth, delivery 44 生 産 seisan production 79 産 物 sanbutsu product 94, 3 不 動 産 fudōsan immovable property, real estate GYŌ occupation, business, undertaking GŌ karma waza act, deed, work, art 39 工 業 kōgyō industry 78 産 業 sangyō industry 80 事 業 jigyō undertaking, enterprise 03, 65 実 業 家 jitsugyōka businessman, industrialist KEN, inu dog 番 犬 banken watchdog 愛 犬 aiken pet/favorite dog 野 犬 yaken stray dog 小 犬 koinu puppy 犬 小 屋 inugoya doghouse , 67

113 8 87 Ԟ ԟ Ԡ ԡ Ԣ ӈ ԣ 8 GYŪ, ushii cow, bull, cattle 牛 肉 gyūniku beef 野 牛 yagyū buffalo, bison 水 牛 suigyū water buffalo 子 牛 koushi calf 牛 小 屋 ushigoya cowshed, barn 4g0. Å /47 ג 8 4g6. Åb~ /47 37 ௦ 83 0a0. / a4.4 s[ /78 40 х驛 85 b0. ø /80 ଢ 86 3o7.9 qs /36 40 嶋 87 0a4.33 ส TOKU U special 特 別 tokubetsu special 特 色 tokushoku distinguishing characteristic 特 有 tokuyū characteristic, peculiar (to) 独 特 dokutoku peculiar, original, unique 特 長 tokuchō strong point, forte , BA, uma, [ma]] horse 馬 車 basha horse-drawn carriage 馬 力 bariki horsepower 馬 術 bajutsu horseback riding, dressage 竹 馬 takeuma, chikuba stilts 馬 小 屋 umagoya a stable , 67 EKII (train) station 東 京 駅 Tōkyō-eki Tōkyō Station 当 駅 tōeki this station 駅 前 ekimae (in) front of/opposite the station 駅 長 ekichō stationmaster 駅 員 ekiin station employee 7, CHŌ, torii bird 白 鳥 hakuchō swan 野 鳥 yachō wild bird 花 鳥 kachō flowers and birds 一 石 二 鳥 isseki-nichō killing birds with stone 鳥 居 torii torii, Shintō shrine archway , 78, 3 7 TŌ, shima island 半 島 hantō peninsula 島 民 tōmin islander 無 人 島 mujintō uninhabited island 島 国 shimaguni island country 島 々 shimajima (many) islands MŌ, ke hair, fur, feather, down genmō raw wool mōhitsu brush (for writing/painting) taimō body hair fumō barren, unproductive keito wool yarn, knitting wool 原毛 毛筆 体毛 不毛 毛糸 ,

114 88 94 Ԥ ԥ Ԧ ԧ Ԩ ԩ Ԫ 88 YŌ, hitsujii sheep 羊 毛 yōmō wool 羊 肉 yōniku mutton 小 / 子 羊 kohitsuji lamb o4. RÄ / , 03 ຈ 89 3a6.9 YÄ_ / GYO, sakana, uo fish 魚 類 gyorui a variety of fish 金 魚 kingyo goldfish 魚 肉 gyoniku fish (meat) 魚 市 場 uoichiba fish market 魚 屋 sakanaya fish shop/dealer a0. μ /79 נ 9 o.3 RÄã / a3.4 ùäã / a8.3 ùma /67 3 ༱ 94 4f0. Ä /46 ѱ YŌ ocean; foreign, Western 大 洋 taiyō ocean 東 洋 tōyō the East, Orient 西 洋 seiyō the West, Occident 大 西 洋 Taiseiyō Atlantic Ocean 洋 書 yōsho foreign/western book , , GII justice, honor; meaning; in-law; artificial 77, 55, 55 民 主 主 義 minshu shugi democracy 35 義 務 gimu obligation, duty 43 義 理 giri duty, debt of gratitude 98, 67 同 義 語 dōgigo synonym 6, 67 類 義 語 ruigigo word of similar meaning, synonym GII deliberation; proposal 会 議 kaigi conference, meeting 協 議 kyōgi council, conference 議 会 gikai parliament, diet, congress 議 員 giin M.P., dietman, congressman 不 思 議 fushigi marvel, wonder, mystery , 99 RON N discussion; argument, thesis, dissertation 論 理 ronri logic 理 論 riron theory 世 論 yoron, seron public opinion 論 議 rongi discussion, argument 論 文 ronbun thesis, essay Ō king 王 国 ōkoku kingdom 国 王 kokuō king 女 王 joō queen 王 子 ōji prince 法 王 hōō pope

115 95 30 ԫ Ԭ ԭ Ԯ ԯ Ա 95 4f0. Ä[ / m5. nä[ /33 46 ඐ寶 97 4f5.9 /46 4 ܡ 98 Äû /46 68 ڼ 99 6a9.7 óvy ৭ 300 3n6. ovo /35 4 單 30 4n9. ãv} / 戰 , 3 HŌ, takara treasure 宝 石 hōseki precious stone, gem 宝 玉 hōgyoku precious stone, gem 国 宝 kokuhō national treasure 家 宝 kahō family heirloom 宝 物 hōmotsu, takaramono treasure, prized possession KŌ, Ō emperor 天 皇 tennō emperor 皇 女 kōjo imperial princess 皇 居 kōkyo imperial palace 皇 室 kōshitsu imperial household 皇 位 kōi imperial throne GEN N present arawa(reru) appear arawa(su) show gendai contemporary, modern genzai current, present; present tense genkin cash hyōgen an expression jitsugen realize, attain; come true 現代 現在 現金 表現 実現 4f7.3 /6 4 GYOKU, tama gem, jewel; sphere, ball 玉 石 gyokuseki wheat and chaff, good and bad 玉 子 tamago egg (cf. No. 058) 水 玉 mizutama drop of water 目 玉 medama eyeball 十 円 玉 jūendama 0-yen piece/coin SEN N line; track; route; wire, cable 光 線 kōsen light, light ray 内 線 naisen (telephone) extension 無 線 musen wireless, radio 二 番 線 nibansen Track No. 地 平 線 chiheisen horizon , 85 8, 0 TAN N single, simple; mono単 語 tango word 単 位 tan'i unit, denomination 単 一 tan'itsu single, simple, individual 単 数 tansū singular (in grammar) 単 独 tandoku independent, single-handed SEN, ikusa war, battle tataka(u) wage war, fight 内 戦 naisen civil war 交 戦 kōsen war, warfare 合 戦 kassen battle; contest 休 戦 kyūsen truce, cease-fire 戦 後 sengo postwar

116 Բ Գ Դ Ե Զ Է Ը 30 n4. /5 39 ਵ爭 303 n7. Qá / k7.7 á e / μ惡 305 0a5.6 t 4 ෯ 306 0a5.7 t d5.3 et / e3. yb /45 ࡉ SŌ, araso(u) dispute, argue, contend for 戦 争 sensō war 争 議 sōgi dispute, strife 論 争 ronsō dispute, controversy 争 点 sōten point of contention, issue 言 い 争う iiarasou quarrel, argue KYŪ Ū urgent, sudden iso(gu) be in a hurry 急 行 kyūkō rush, hurry, hasten; express (train, bus) 特 急 tokkyū limited express (train); (at) super speed 急 変 kyūhen sudden change 急 用 kyūyō urgent business 急 性 kyūsei acute AKU, O, waru(i) bad, evil 悪 化 akka change for the worse 悪 性 akusei malignant, vicious 悪 事 akuji evil deed 最 悪 saiaku the worst, at worst 悪 口 akkō, warukuchi abusive language, speaking ill of MATSU, BATSU, sue end 週 末 shūmatsu weekend 月 末 getsumatsu end of the month 年 末 nenmatsu year's end 末 代 matsudai all ages to come, eternity 末 っ 子 suekko youngest child MII not yet 未 来 mirai future 未 知 michi unknown 前 代 未 聞 zendai mimon unprecedented 未 満 miman less than, under 未 明 mimei early dawn, before daybreak , 56, MI, ajii taste aji(wau) taste, relish, appreciate 意 味 imi meaning, significance, sense 正 味 shōmi net (amount/weight/price) 不 気 味 bukimi uncanny, eerie, ominous 地 味 jimi plain, subdued, undemonstrative 三 味 線 shamisen samisen (3-stringed instrument) SHA Shinto shrine; company; firm yashiro Shinto shrine 社 会 shakai society, social 会 社 kaisha company, firm 本 社 honsha our company; head office 社 長 shachō company president 社 員 shain employee, staff member , ,

117 Թ Ժ Ի Լ Խ Ծ Կ 309 0a e5. / a5.8 ^ a5.6 ß ^ / 鐵 33 8a6.3 ß /7 77 ا 34 4a6.5 t /4 77 ݧ 35 0a ഔ SHIN, mō(su) say, be named 答 申 tōshin report, findings 上 申 jōshin report (to a superior) 内 申 naishin unofficial/confidential report 申し 入 れ mōshiire offer, proposal, notice 申し 合 わ せ mōshiawase an understanding SHIN, JIN, kami, [kan], [kō]] god, God 神 道 shintō Shintoism 神 社 jinja Shinto shrine 神 話 shinwa myth, mythology 神 父 shinpu (Catholic) priest, Father 神 風 kamikaze divine wind; kamikaze SHITSU, ushina(u) lose 失 業 shitsugyō unemployment 失 意 shitsui disappointment, despair 失 神 shisshin faint, lose consciousness 失 恋 shitsuren unrequited love 見 失う miushinau lose sight of TETSU U iron 鉄 道 tetsudō railroad 地 下 鉄 chikatetsu subway 私 鉄 shitetsu private railway 鉄 か ぶと tetsukabuto steel helmet GIN N silver 銀 行 ginkō bank 日 銀 Nichigin the Bank of Japan 銀 色 gin'iro silver color 水 銀 suigin mercury 銀 メダ ル ginmedaru silver medal KON N root; perseverance ne root, base, origin 大 根 daikon daikon, Japanese radish 根 本 的 konponteki fundamental; radical 根 気 konki patience, perseverance 屋 根 yane roof 根 強 い nezuyoi deep-rooted, firmly established FU, [FŪ], otto husband 夫 人 fujin wife, Mrs. 人 夫 ninpu laborer 水 夫 suifu sailor, seaman 工 夫 kōfu laborer kufū contrivance , ,

118 36 3 Հ Ձ Ղ Ճ Մ Յ Ն 36 3e8.6 g h / ക 37 f8.8 I h / և歸 38 k. OL / b4.4 òo[ /6 ໔ 30 5d4.3 êo[ /56 ҕ 3 0a ໜ 3 8b0. /77 FU U woman,wife 夫 婦 fūfu husband and wife, married couple 主 婦 shufu housewife 婦 人 fujin lady, woman 婦 女 子 fujo(shi) woman 婦 長 fuchō head nurse , KI, kae(ru) return kae(su) let return, dismiss 帰 国 kikoku return to one's country 帰 宅 kitaku return/come/get home 帰 路 kiro the way home 帰 化 kika become naturalized 日 帰り higaeri go and return in a day SHII branch; support sasa(eru) support 支 出 shishutsu expenditure, disbursement 支 社 shisha branch (office) 支 店 shiten branch office/store 支 部 shibu branch, local chapter 支 流 shiryū tributary (of a river) RYŌ materials; fee 料 理 ryōri cooking, cuisine; dish, food 原 料 genryō raw materials 料 金 ryōkin fee, charge, fare 手 数 料 tesūryō fee; commission 有 / 無 料 yū/muryō pay, toll, charging a fee / free KA academic course, department, faculty 科 学 kagaku science 理 科 rika natural sciences (department) 外 科 geka surgery 産 婦 人 科 医 sanfujinkai gynecologist 教 科 書 kyōkasho textbook, schoolbook RYŌ, yo(i) good 良 好 ryōkō good, favorable, satisfactory 良 質 ryōshitsu good quality 最 良 sairyō best 不 良 furyō bad, unsatisfactory; delinquency 良 心 ryōshin conscience , 5 65, , 36,, 0 45, SHOKU, [JIKI]] food, eating ta(beru), ku(u), ku(rau) eat 80 食 事 shokuji meal, dinner 39, 30 食 料 品 shokuryōhin food, foodstuffs 4, 89 和 / 洋 食 wa/yōshoku Japanese/Western food 8 夕 食 yūshoku evening meal, supper 79 食 べ 物 tabemono food 6

119 33 39 Շ Ո Չ Պ Ջ Ռ Ս 33 8b4. É /77 49 Њ飮 34 p. ÎL /8 9 ಞ 35 8b4.5 ÎL / ಲ 36 3m5.6 ns / Ը 37 8b8.3 ns / բ舘 38 6f8. úns / Ր 39 5d. ê_ /56 6 ອ IN, no(mu) drink 飲 食 inshoku food and drink, eating and drinking 飲 料 inryō drink, beverage 飲 料 水 inryōsui drinking water 飲 み 水 nomimizu drinking water 飲 み 物 nomimono (something to) drink, beverage , 79 HAN, [HON]] anti- [TAN]] (unit of land/cloth measurement) so(ru) (intr.) warp, bend backk so(rasu) (tr.) warp, bend back 96 反 発 hanpatsu repulsion, repellence; opposition 5 反 日 han-nichi anti-japanese 74 反 面 hanmen the other side 45 反 省 hansei reflection, introspection; reconsideration HAN, meshii cooked rice; meal, food gohan cooked rice; meal, food sekihan (festive) rice boiled with red beans yūhan, yūmeshi evening meal, supper, dinner mugimeshi boiled barley and rice Iida (surname) ご飯 赤飯 夕飯 麦飯 飯田 KAN N government, authorities 半 官 半 民 hankan-hanmin semigovernmental 国 務 長 官 kokumu chōkan secretary of state 外 交 官 gaikōkan diplomat 高 官 kōkan high government official/ office 神 官 shinkan Shintō priest , 88, 77 40, 35, 95 83, KAN, yakata (large) building, hall 旅 館 ryokan Japanese-style inn 水 族 館 suizokukan aquarium 会 館 kaikan (assembly) hall 本 館 honkan main building 別 館 bekkan annex, extension, KAN N pipe, wind instrument; control kuda pipe, tube 管 内 kannai (area of) jurisdiction 管 理 kanri administration, supervision 水 道 管 suidōkan water pipe/conduit 気 管 kikan wind pipe, trachea 鉄 管 tekkan iron tube/pipe 84 43, RII advantage, (loan) interest ki(ku) take effect, work 有 利 yūri profitable, advantageous 利 子 rishi interest (on a loan) 利 用 riyō make use of 利 口 rikō smart, clever, bright 左 利 き hidarikiki left-hander

120 Վ Տ Ր Ւ Փ Ք Օ 330 a7.5 Av] /3 4 4 ൳ 33 a6. AeO /3 4 ߡ 33 0a5.38 eo 4 ߤ 333 a3. Ab /3 ߞ 334 a4.9 AÄ /3 46 థ 335 4a.8 tª^ / ڡ 權 336 4a8. te] /4 4 4 BEN N convenience; excrement BIN N opportunity; mail tayo(ri) news, tidings 便 利 benri convenient, handy 不 便 fuben inconvenient 便 所 benjo toilet 別 便 betsubin separate mail SHII use; messenger tsuka(u) use 大 使 taishi ambassador 公 使 kōshi minister, envoy 天 使 tenshi angel 使 用 法 shiyōhō how to use, directions for use 使 い 方 tsukaikata how to use, way to handle , 3 70 SHII history, chronicles 日 本 史 Nihon shi Japanese history 中 世 史 chūsei shi medieval history 文 学 史 bungaku shi history of literature 史 実 shijitsu historical fact 女 史 joshi (honorific) Madame, Miss, Mrs. 5, 5 8, 5, SHI, [JI], tsuka(eru) serve 仕 事 shigoto work, job 仕 立 て 屋 shitateya tailor; dressmaker 仕 方 shikata way, method, means 仕 手 shite protagonist, leading role (in Noh) 仕 上 げ る shiageru finish up, complete 80, NIN N duty, responsibility; office maka(seru/su) entrust (to) 主 任 shunin person in charge, manager, head 信 任 shinnin confidence, trust 後 任 kōnin successsor 任 務 ninmu duty, office, mission 任 意 nin'i optional, voluntary KEN, [GON]] authority, power, right 権 利 kenri a right 人 権 jinken human rights 特 権 tokken special right, privilege 主 権 shuken sovereignty 三 権 分 立 sanken bunritsu seperation of powers , 38, KYOKU U end, pole GOKU U very, extremely kiwa(mi) height, end kiwa(meru) carry to its end kiwa(maru) reach its end 7 極 東 kyokutō the Far East 73, 74 北 / 南 極 hok/nankyoku north/south pole 63 見 極 め る mikiwameru see through, discern 8

121 Ֆ ՙ 337 3d.3 e^ /4 5 ت 338 4c.5 v^ /4 5 KU U phrase, sentence, verse 語 句 goku words and phrases 成 句 seiku set phrase, idiom 文 句 monku words, expression; objection 句 読 点 kutōten punctuation mark 引 用 句 in'yōku quotation , 69 6, 07 N 0-day period SHUN N the season (for vegetables/oysters) JUN 3 上 旬 jōjun first 0 days of a month (st to 0th) 8 中 旬 chūjun second 0 days of a month (th to 0th) 3 下 旬 gejun last third of a month (st to end) ࢱ 339 3s4.3 O[ /4 ९圖 340 ùo /67 ٸ 34 ßO /7 ड़ 34 7a8.6 ùue 4 ଛ 343 v] SHIN, harii needle 方 針 hōshin course, line, policy 針 路 shinro course (of a ship) 長 / 分 針 chō/funshin minute hand 短 針 tanshin hour hand 針 金 harigane wire 8a.3 0a , 37 KEII measuring, plan, total haka(ru) measure, compute haka(rau) arrange, manage, see to 時 計 tokei clock, watch 会 計 kaikei accounting; paying a bill 合 計 gōkei total 家 計 kakei household finances 7a. /67 43 ZU U drawing, diagram, plan TO, haka(ru) plan 地 図 chizu map 図 表 zuhyō chart, table, graph 合 図 aizu signal, sign, gesture 意 図 ito intention 図 書 館 toshokan library 0 ҳ畫 , CHŌ, shira(beru) investigate, checkk totono(eru) prepare, arrange, put in order totono(u) be prepared, arranged 協 調 kyōchō cooperation, harmony 好 調 kōchō good, favorable 調 子 chōshi tone; mood; condition 取り調 べ torishirabe investigation, questioning GA picture KAKU U stroke (in writing kanji) 画 家 gaka painter 日 本 / 洋 画 Nihon/yōga J./Western-style painting 画 用 紙 gayōshi drawing paper 画 面 gamen (TV/computer/movie) screen 計 画 keikaku plan, project , 5, 89 07,

122 ա ༰ բ 344 3a.3 Yvn / 4 33 і 345 6a6.8 óa /6 3 4 ӑ繪 346 6a6.7 óea /6 4 3 א 347 év / vé /4 54 ϔ 349 8e9.5 év / ϖ 350 7b. ûév /68 54 KAI, E picture 絵 画 kaiga pictures, paintings, drawings 絵 葉 書 ehagaki picture postcard 絵 本 ehon picture book 口 絵 kuchie frontispiece 大 和 絵 Yamato-e ancient Japanese-style painting KYŪ Ū supply; salary 給 料 kyūryō pay, wages, salary 月 給 gekkyū monthly salary 支 給 shikyū supply, provisioning, allowance 供 給 kyōkyū supply 給 水 kyūsui water supply ON, IN, oto, ne sound 発 音 hatsuon pronunciation 表 音 文 字 hyōon moji phonetic symbol 母 音 boin vowel 本 音 honne one's true intention 足 音 ashioto sound of footsteps 5b4.3 4c9. EN N performance, play, presentation 上 演 jōen performance, dramatic presentation 公 演 kōen public performance 独 演 dokuen solo performance 出 演 shutsuen appearance, performance 演 出 enshutsu production, staging (of a play) 4 Б韵 AN, kura(i) dark, dim 暗 黒 ankoku darkness 暗 号 angō (secret) code, cipher 明 暗 meian light and darkness, shading 暗 がり kuragari darkness , , ,, yamii darkness; black market 348 暗 闇 kurayami darkness 8 夕 闇 yūyami dusk, twilight 646 闇 雲 に yamikumo ni at random, haphazardly 8 transaction 闇 市 yamiichi black market 65, 6 闇 取 引 yamitorihiki black-market dealings, illegal IN N rhyme; sound; elegant 音 韻 学 on'ingaku phonology 韻 文 inbun verse, poetry 韻 語 ingo rhyming words 頭 韻 tōin alliteration 0 347,

123 գ դ ե զ է ը թ 35 3c0. dûe / ੦ 35 0a Ѩ 353 4c5. v / д暎 354 3k5.5 m / о 355 9a9.7 æv] / ક 356 3m5.8 n]a / a4.6 Y / 34 ډ 决 SON N loss, damage soko(nau), soko(neru) harm, injure -soko(nau) fail to, err in 損 失 sonshitsu loss 大 損 ōzon great loss 見 損 なう misokonau miss (seeing); misjudge 読 み 損 なう yomisokonau misread Ō center, middle 中 央 chūō center 中 央 口 chūōguchi main/middle exit 中 央 部 chūōbu central part, middle 中 央 線 Chūō-sen the Chūō (train) Line 中 央 区 Chūō-ku Chūō Ward (Tōkyō) , 54 8, 86 8, 99 8, 83 EI, utsu(su) reflect, project utsu(ru) be reflected/projected ha(eru) shine, be brilliant 343 映 画 eiga movie 34 反 映 han'ei reflection 3 上 映 jōei showing, screening (of a movie) 8 夕 映 え yūbae the glow of sunset EII brilliant, talented, gifted; (short for) England 英 気 eiki energetic spirit, enthusiasm 石 英 sekiei quartz 英 語 Eigo the English language 和 英 Wa-Ei Japanese-English 英 会 話 Ei-kaiwa English conversation , 38 DAII topic, theme, title 問 題 mondai problem, question 議 題 gidai topic for discussion, agenda 話 題 wadai topic 表 題 hyōdai title, caption 宿 題 shukudai homework TEI, JŌ, sada(meru) determine, decide sada(maru) be determined/decided sada(ka) certain, definite 安 定 antei stability, equilibrium 協 定 kyōtei agreement, pact 定 食 teishoku meal of fixed menu, complete meal 未 定 mitei undecided, unsettled, not yet fixed KETSU, ki(meru) decide ki(maru) be decided 決 定 kettei decision, determination 決 心 kesshin determination, resolution 決 意 ketsui determination, resolution 議 決 giketsu decision (of a committee) 未 決 miketsu pending

124 ժ ի լ խ ծ կ հ 358 3a5.6 YÄ[ / a9.9 tvc /4 4 5 ԃ樂 360 3k3.5 mtv /3 4 4 藥 36 a5.0 A^P / c5.3 v^p / s7. XLÎ / a5.35 v@ 4 CHŪ Ū note, comment soso(gu) pour, flow 注 意 chūi attention, caution, warning 注 目 chūmoku attention, notice 注 文 chūmon order, commission 発 注 hatchū ordering 注 入 chūnyū injection; pour into, infuse GAKU U music RAKU U pleasure tano(shimu) enjoy tano(shii) fun, enjoyable, pleasant 音 楽 ongaku music 文 楽 bunraku Japanese puppet theater 楽 天 家 rakutenka optimist 安 楽 死 anrakushi euthanasia , 65 05, 85 YAKU, kusurii medicine 薬 学 yakugaku pharmacy 薬 品 yakuhin medicine, drugs 薬 味 yakumi spices 薬 局 yakkyoku pharmacy 薬 屋 kusuriya drugstore, pharmacy SAKU, SA, tsuku(ru) make 作 家 sakka writer 作 品 sakuhin literary work 作 戦 sakusen military operation, tactics 作り話 tsukuribanashi made-up story, fabrication 手 作り tezukuri handmade SAKU U past; yesterday 昨 年 sakunen last year 昨 日 sakujitsu, kinō yesterday 一 昨 日 issakujitsu day before yesterday 一 昨 年 issakunen year before last 昨 今 sakkon these days, recent DAN N step, stairs, rank; column 一 段 ichidan step; single-stage 石 段 ishidan stone stairway 段 々 畑 dandanbatake terraced fields 手 段 shudan means, measure 段 取り dandori program, plan, arrangements, setup YU, YŪ, [YUI], yoshii reason, cause, significance 由 来 yurai origin, derivation 理 由 riyū reason, grounds 自 由 jiyū freedom 不 自 由 fujiyū disabled, impaired; want, privation 事 由 jiyū reason, cause 45 5, 5, , 6 80

125 ձ ղ ճ մ յ ն շ 365 3a5.6 / 4 ๔ 366 j5.5 N~O / 37 對 367 0a6.7 v_ o6.5 Rm / o4. ReÎ / p. Îëv / a3. j 8 ۉ YU, abura oil 石 油 sekiyu oil, petroleum 原 油 gen'yu crude oil 油 田 yuden oil field 給 油 所 kyūyusho, kyūyujo filling/gas station 油 絵 aburae oil painting , TAII against TSUII pair 反 対 hantai opposite; opposition 対 立 tairitsu confrontation 対 決 taiketsu showdown 対 面 taimen interview, meeting 対 話 taiwa conversation, dialog; interactive KYOKU U curve; melody, musical composition ma(geru) bend, distort ma(garu) (intr.) bend, turn 36 作 曲 sakkyoku musical composition 8 名 曲 meikyoku famous/well-known melody 99 曲 線 kyokusen a curve 49 曲 がり道 magarimichi winding street TEN N law code, rule; ceremony 古 典 koten classical literature, the classics 百 科 事 典 hyakka jiten encyclopedia 法 典 hōten code of laws 出 典 shutten literary source, authority 特 典 tokuten special favor, privilege 7 4, 30, KŌ, KYŌ interest, entertainment, prosperity oko(ru) flourish, prosper oko(su) revive, retrieve 68 興 行 kōgyō entertainment, industry; performance 79 興 業 kōgyō industrial enterprise 307 興 味 kyōmi interest 57, 53 興 信 所 kōshinjo private inquiry/detective agency NŌ agriculture 農 業 nōgyō agriculture 農 村 nōson farm village 農 民 nōmin farmer, peasant 農 家 nōka farmhouse, farm household; farmer 農 産 物 nōsanbutsu agricultural product KO, KI, onore self 自 己 jiko self自 己 中 心 jiko chūshin egocentric 利 己 riko selfishness, egoism 利 己 的 rikoteki selfish, self-centered 知 己 chiki acquaintance , , 8, , 0 4

126 ո չ պ ջ ռ ս վ 37 KI, shiru(su) write/note down 記 者 kisha newspaperman, journalist 記 事 kiji article, report 日 記 nikki diary 暗 記 anki memorize 記 号 kigō mark, symbol 7a3.5 ùj / KII narrative, history 紀 元 kigen era (of year reckoning) 紀 元 前 / 後 kigenzen/go B.C./A.D. 世 紀 seiki century 紀 行 文 kikō(bun) account of a journey 風 紀 fūki discipline, public morals 6a3.5 ój / b7. bjp / i8.4 kv~ / i4. k L / c5.4 ôe_ / 舩 378 3q6. ÃmL /8 3 ஞ , 47, , 9 KII awakening, rise, beginning o(kiru) get/wake/be up o(koru) occur o(kosu) give rise to; wake (someone) up 起 原 kigen origin, beginning 起 点 kiten starting point 早 起 き hayaoki get up early 起 き 上 が る okiagaru get up, pick oneself up TOKU U profit, advantage e(ru), u(ru) gain, acquire 損 得 sontoku profit and loss 所 得 shotoku income 得 点 tokuten one's score, points made 得 意 tokui prosperity; pride; one's strong point 心 得 る kokoroeru know, understand YAKU U service, use, office; post EKII battle; service 役 所 yakusho government office/bureau 役 人 yakunin public official 役 員 yakuin (company) officer, director 役 者 yakusha player, actor 使 役 shieki employment, service SEN, fune, [funa]] ship 船 長 senchō captain 船 員 sen'in crewman, seaman, sailor 船 室 senshitsu cabin 汽 船 kisen steamship, steamer 船 旅 funatabi sea voyage DO, [TAKU], [TO]] degree, measure, limit; times tabii times 一 度 ichido once; degree (temperature; angle) 5 今 度 kondo this time; soon; next time 45 年 度 nendo business/fiscal year 90, 6, 95 高 度 成 長 kōdo seichō high growth 38 支 度 shitaku preparations 4

127 տ ր ց ւ փ ք օ 379 3a9.35 YmÎ / 3 8 ஔ 380 3q7.4 Ãmh /8 3 6 হ 38 5i5.3 ñ] / k3.5 áév /5 54 TO, wata(ru) cross wata(su) hand over 渡 来 torai introduction (into) 渡 し 船 watashibune ferryboat 渡り鳥 wataridori migratory bird 見 渡 す miwatasu look out over 手 渡 す tewatasu hand deliver, hand over SEKII seat, place 出 席 shusseki attendance 満 席 manseki full, fully occupied 議 席 giseki seat (in parliament) 主 席 shuseki top seat, head, chief 席 上 sekijō (at) the meeting; (on) the occasion BYŌ, [HEI], ya(mu) fall ill, suffer from yamaii illness 34 病 気 byōki sickness, disease 7 重 病 jūbyō serious illness 303 急 病 kyūbyō sudden illness 性 病 seibyō venereal disease, sexually transmitted disease 98 病 人 byōnin sick person OKU U remember, think 記 憶 kioku memory, recollection 憶 病 okubyō cowardice, timidity Ѽ 383 a3.6 Aév / OKU U 00 million 一 億 ichioku 00 million 億 万 長 者 okuman chōja multimillionaire 数 億 年 sūokunen hundreds of millions of years 6, 95, 64 5, 45 Ѻ 384 4j0. Ü /49 ڈ 缺 385 b4. CÉ /5 49 KETSU, ka(ku) lackk ka(keru) be lacking 欠 点 ketten defect, flaw 出 欠 shukketsu attendance (and/or absence) 欠 席 kesseki absence, nonattendance 欠 員 ketsuin vacant position, opening 欠 損 kesson deficit, loss JI, SHI, tsugii next tsu(gu) come/rank next 次 官 jikan vice-minister 次 男 jinan second-oldest son 二 次 niji second, secondary 目 次 mokuji table of contents 相 次 ぐ aitsugu follow/happen one after another

128 ֆ և ర 386 6e. õvã / ष 387 4b6.5 u`p / k0.4 áu` / d0.6 uw` / و 390 3d. e] /4 4 ҏ 39 3a5.30 Ye] / 4 4 Қ 39 a5. Ae] /3 4 Ҋ 4 SHOKU U employment, job, occupation, office 職 業 shokugyō occupation, profession 職 場 shokuba place of work, jobsite 職 員 shokuin personnel, staff, staff member 現 職 genshoku one's present post 無 職 mushoku unemployed NŌ ability, function; Noh play 能 力 nōryoku capacity, talent 本 能 honnō instinct 能 筆 nōhitsu calligraphy, skilled penmanship 能 楽 nōgaku Noh play 能 面 nōmen Noh mask TAII condition, appearance 態 度 taido attitude 生 態 seitai mode of life, ecology 変 態 hentai metamorphosis; abnormality 事 態 jitai situation, state of affairs 実 態 jittai actual conditions/situation kuma bear 北 極 熊 hokkyokuguma polar bear 熊 手 kumade rake 大 熊 座 ōkuma-za Great Bear, Ursa Major 小 熊 座 koguma-za Little Bear, Ursa Minor 熊 本 県 Kumamoto-ken Kumamoto Prefecture 73, , 800 7, 800 5, 94 KA possible, -able 可 能 性 kanō(sei) possibility 不 可 能 fukanō impossible 不 可 欠 fukaketsu indispensable, essential 不 可 分 fukabun indivisible 可 決 kaketsu approval (of a proposed law) 387, 98 94, , , KA, kawa river 河 川 kasen rivers 河 口 kakō, kawaguchi mouth of a river 大 河 taiga, ōkawa large river 銀 河 ginga the Milky Way 河 原 kawara dry riverbed KA, nani, [nan]] what, which, how many 何 事 nanigoto what, whatever 何 曜 日 nan'yōbi what day of the week 何 日 nannichi how many days; what day of the month 何 時 nanji what time 何 時 間 nanjikan how many hours , , 43

129 KA, nii load, cargo, baggage 在 荷 zaika stock, inventory 入 荷 nyūka fresh supply/arrival of goods mea 出 荷 shukka shipment, shipping /3 4 3 手 荷 物 (te)nimotsu (hand) baggage, luggage 重 荷 omoni heavy burden 3k7.0 Ҥ 394 KA harsh 苛 性 kasei caustic 3k , me] /3 4 4 Ң 395 4j0. Üe] / ҙ謌 396 uta song 小 唄 kouta ditty, ballad 長 唄 nagauta song accompanied on the samisen 地 唄 jiuta ballad, folk song は やり唄 hayariuta pop song 3d7. eû /4 68 С 397 0a4. ] [ 4 豫 398 9a4.5 æ] / j4. lm /3 3 ٢ KA, uta poem, song uta(u) sing 歌 手 kashu singer 国 歌 kokka national anthem 和 歌 waka 3-syllable Japanese poem 短 歌 tanka (synonym for waka) 流 行 歌 ryūkōka popular song YO in advance, previously 予 約 yoyaku subscription, reservation, booking 予 定 yotei plan; expectation 予 想 yosō expectation, supposition 予 知 yochi foresee, predict 予 言 yogen prophecy, prediction , YO, azu(keru) entrust for safekeeping azu(karu) receive for safekeeping 3 預 金 yokin deposit, bank account 53 預 かり所 azukarisho/jo depository, warehouse 手 荷 物 一 時 預 かり 所 tenimotsu ichiji azukari(sho/jo) (place for) temporary handbaggage storage 57, 393, 79,, 4, 53 KEI, GYŌ, katachi, kata form, shape 円 形 enkei round/circular shape 正 方 形 seihōkei square 無 形 mukei formless, immaterial, intangible 人 形 ningyō doll, puppet 手 形 tegata (bank) bill, note, draft ,

130 e4.6 m /75 3 Ӕ 40 8e3.3 O@ /75 閇 40 8e6.7 _ / 關 403 5d7.4 êe_ / শ 404 7a7. ùe_ / o7.4 RÄ / o3. R Ä / KAII opening, development a(ku) (intr.) open a(keru) (tr.) open hira(keru) become developed hira(ku) (tr. or intr.) open 6 公 開 kōkai open to the public 58 開 会 kaikai opening of a meeting 306 未 開 mikai uncivilized, backward, savage 96 開 発 kaihatsu development HEI, shi(meru), to(jiru), to(zasu) close, shut shi(maru) become closed 400 開 閉 kaihei opening and closing 58 閉 会 heikai closing, adjournment 68 閉 店 heiten store closing 54 閉 口 heikō be dumbfounded KAN, sekii barrier kaka(waru) be related (to), have to do (with) 6 関 門 kanmon gateway, barrier 97 関 心 kanshin interest 関 東 地 方 Kantō (chihō) (region including Tōkyō) 7, 8, 70 関 西 地 方 Kansai (chihō) (region including Ōsaka 7, 8, 70 and Kyōto) 53 関 所 sekisho barrier station, checkpoint ZEII tax 税 金 zeikin tax 所 得 税 shotokuzei income tax 関 税 kanzei customs, duty, tariff 税 関 zeikan customs, customshouse 無 税 muzei tax-free, duty-free SETSU U opinion, theory ZEI, to(ku) explain, persuade 説 明 setsumei explanation 社 説 shasetsu an editorial 小 説 shōsetsu novel, story 演 説 enzetsu a speech 説 教 sekkyō sermon BI, utsuku(shii) beautiful 美 術 館 bijutsukan art museum/gallery 美 学 bigaku esthetics 美 人 bijin beautiful woman 美 化 bika beautification 美 点 biten beauty, merit, good point YŌ, yashina(u) rear, adopt; support; recuperate 養 育 yōiku upbringing, nurture 養 成 yōsei training, cultivation 教 養 kyōyō culture, education 養 子 yōshi adopted child 休 養 kyūyō rest, recreation; recuperation , ,

131 ท 407 4a0.5 tä_ / ຂ樣 408 6f5.5 új@ /66 8 ઓ 409 o5. Rj@ / d.9 e_ / e5.8 ghn /5 6 YŌ way, manner; similarity; condition sama condition -sama Mr./Mrs./Miss 様 子 yōsu situation, aspect, appearance 98 同 様 dōyō same; diversity, variety 30 神 様 kamisama God 35, 8, 8 田 中 明 様 Tanaka Akira sama Mr. Akira Tanaka DAII (prefix for ordinals); degree 第 一 dai-ichi No. ; first, best, main 4, 64 第 三 者 daisansha third person/party 385 次 第 shidai sequence; circumstances; as soon as 毎 月 第 二 土 曜 日 maitsuki dai-ni doyōbi second Saturday of every month 6, 7, 3, 4, 9, 5 TEI, [DAI], [DE], otōto younger brother 義 弟 gitei younger brother-in-law 子 弟 shitei sons, children 弟 子 deshi pupil, apprentice, disciple 門 弟 montei pupil, follower 弟 分 otōtobun like a younger brother KEI, [KYŌ], anii elder brother 兄 弟 kyōdai brothers, brothers and sisters 父 兄 fukei parents and brothers; guardians 義 兄 gikei elder brother-in-law 実 兄 jikkei one's brother by blood 兄 さん niisan elder brother SHI, ane elder sister 義 姉 gishi elder sister-in-law 姉 さん nēsan elder sister; young lady 9 ߩ 4 3e5.4 gt / MAI, imōto younger sister 姉 妹 shimai sisters 姉 妹 都 市 shimai toshi sister cities 弟 妹 teimai younger brothers and sisters 義 妹 gimai younger sister-in-law MAII dark, unenlightened, ignorant 三 昧 sanmai, zanmai concentration, absorption 4c5. vt / , 88,

132 44 40 ร 44 4c3. AII dark; not clear 曖 昧 aimai vague, ambiguous, equivocal 43 SHII teacher; army 教 師 kyōshi teacher, instructor 医 師 ishi physician 法 師 hōshi Buddhist priest 山 師 yamashi speculator; adventurer; charlatan 師 弟 shitei master and pupil DŌ, warabe child 学 童 gakudō schoolchild 童 話 dōwa nursery story, fairy tale 童 顔 dōgan childlike/boyish face 童 心 dōshin child's mind/feelings 神 童 shindō child prodigy váé / ፑ 45 3f7. hs / b7.3 évb / c8.9 vb /4 ໟ 48 j9.7 Ne_ / q9.8 Ue /9 4 0 Ҭ 40 3b. b` / 7 ד RYŌ quantity haka(ru) (tr.) measure, weigh 大 / 小 量 tai/shōryō large/small quantity 雨 量 uryō (amount of) rainfall 大 量 生 産 tairyō seisan mass production 分 量 bunryō quantity, amount; dosage 重 量 jūryō weight 6, , 44, SHŌ trade, merchant; quotient (in math) akina(u) deal (in), trade 商 人 shōnin merchant, dealer 30 商 品 shōhin goods, merchandise 79 商 業 shōgyō commerce, business 39 商 売 shōbai trade, business; one's trade 39 商 工 shōkō commerce and industry KA, su(giru) pass, exceed; too much su(gosu) spend (time) ayama(tsu) err ayama(chi) error 378 過 度 kado excessive, too much 50 通 過 tsūka passage, transit 88, 5 過 半 数 kahansū majority, more than half 3 食 べ 過 ぎ る tabesugiru eat too much, overeat KYO, KO, sa(ru) leave, move away; pass, elapse 去 年 kyonen last year 死 去 shikyo death 去 来 kyorai coming and going 過 去 kako past 立 ち 去 る tachisaru leave, go away

133 q.3 UeN /9 4 ୱ 4 4i. ÉeN /49 4 ୭ 43 5d7. êäe / ୟ 44 6a5.7 óu /6 43 ਕ 45 3e6. ge] / c3. è_ /55 6 ش 愚 47 a6.3 Ae] /3 4 4 Ҍ價 TEKII fit, be suitable 適 当 tekitō suitable, appropriate 適 度 tekido to a proper degree, moderate 適 切 tekisetsu pertinent, appropriate 適 用 tekiyō application (of a rule) 適 合 tekigō conformity, compatibility TEKI, katakii enemy, opponent, competitor 宿 敵 shukuteki old/hereditary enemy 強 敵 kyōteki powerful foe, formidable rival 敵 意 tekii enmity, hostility 敵 対 tekitai hostility, antagonism 不 敵 futeki fearless, daring TEI, hodo degree, extent 程 度 teido degree, extent, grade 過 程 katei a process 工 程 kōtei progress of the work; manufacturing process 日 程 nittei schedule for the day 音 程 ontei musical interval, step SO, kumii group, crew, class, gang ku(mu) put together 6 組 成 sosei composition, makeup 85 番 組 bangumi (TV) program 33, 3, 59 労 働 組 合 rōdō kumiai labor union 組 み 立 て kumitate construction; assembling 59 組 み 合 わ せ る kumiawaseru combine, fit together YŌ main point, necessity i(ru) need, be necessary kaname pivot; main point 重 要 jūyō important 主 要 shuyō principal, major 要 素 yōso element, factor 要 約 yōyaku summary GU U tool, equipment, gear 具 体 的 gutaiteki concrete, specific 道 具 dōgu tool, implement 家 具 kagu furniture 金 具 kanagu metal fitting 不 具 fugu deformity, crippled 6, KA, ataii price, value 物 価 bukka prices (of commodities) 米 価 beika price of rice 単 価 tanka unit price 定 価 teika fixed/list price 現 金 正 価 genkin seika cash price , 3, 75 3

134 k8. Oè_ / 55 6 ॐ眞 49 k6. Oè@ / 55 ଥ 430 4a8.3 tèo /4 55 ळ 43 a8.30 AèO / g8.8 îo@ / f6. IÅ / ঘ 434 5e8.9 ëå /57 47 ব 0 SHIN N truth, genuineness, reality ma true, pure, exactly 真 実 shinjitsu the truth, a fact 真 理 shinri truth 真 相 shinsō the truth/facts, the real situation 真 空 shinkū vacuum 真 っ 暗 makkura pitch dark CHOKU, JIKII honest, frank, direct nao(su) fix, correct nao(ru) be fixed, corrected tada(chi ni) immediately 直 線 chokusen straight line 直 前 / 後 chokuzen/go immediately before/after 正 直 shōjiki honest, upright 書 き 直 す kakinaosu write over again, rewrite SHOKU, u(eru) plant u(waru) be planted 植 物 shokubutsu a plant 動 植 物 dōshokubutsu animals and plants 植 民 地 shokuminchi colony 植 木 ueki garden/potted plant 田 植 え taue rice planting CHI, ne, ataii value, price 価 値 kachi value 値うち neuchi value; public estimation 値 段 nedan price 値 上 げ neage price increase 値 切 る negiru haggle over the price, bargain , , 79 77, CHI, o(ku) put, set, leave behind, leave as is 位 置 ichi position, location 置 き 物 okimono ornament; figurehead 物 置 き monooki storeroom, shed 前 置 き maeoki introductory remarks, preface 一 日 置 き ichinichioki every other day , 5 SEII system; regulations 制 度 seido system 税 制 zeisei system of taxation 新 制 shinsei new order, reorganization 強 制 kyōsei compulsion, force 管 制 kansei control SEII produce, manufacture, make 製 作 seisaku a work, production 製 品 seihin product 製 鉄 seitetsu iron manufacturing 木 製 mokusei wooden, made of wood 日 本 製 nihonsei Japanese-made, Made in Japan , 5

135 b4.9 bpa / 3 3 赱 436 3i7. kbp / n5.3 opn /35 3 ൽ 438 3a8.0 SŌ, hashi(ru) run 走 路 sōro (race) track, course 走 行 時 間 sōkō jikan travel time 走り回 る hashirimawaru run around 走り書 き hashirigaki flowing/hasty handwriting 口 走 る kuchibashiru babble, blurt out TO on foot; companions; vain, useless 生 徒 seito pupil, student 教 徒 kyōto believer, adherent 使 徒 shito apostle 徒 手 toshu empty-handed; penniless 徒 労 torō vain effort HO, BU, [FU], aru(ku), ayu(mu) walk 歩 道 hodō footpath 歩 行 者 hokōsha pedestrian 一 歩 ippo a step 歩 調 hochō pace, step 歩 合 buai rate, percentage; commission SHŌ go across, go through; have to do with 交 渉 kōshō negotiations 5 68, 4, , Y}P / c4.3 ü ` / ஃ轉 440 a4.4 A ` /3 4 7 ஆ傳 44 3k4. m ` /3 4 7 پ 藝 TEN, koro(bu), koro(garu), koro(geru) roll over, fall down koro(gasu) roll, knock down 6, 33 自 転 車 jitensha bicycle 90 回 転 kaiten rotation, revolution 40 空 転 kūten idling (of an engine) 334 転 任 tennin transfer of assignments/personnel DEN, tsuta(eru) transmit, impart tsuta(waru) be transmitted, imparted tsuta(u) go along 37 伝 記 denki biography 404 伝 説 densetsu legend, folklore 49 伝 道 dendō evangelism, missionary work 57 手 伝 い tetsudai help, helper GEII art, craft 芸 者 geisha geisha 芸 術 geijutsu art 文 芸 bungei literary art, literature 演 芸 engei performance, entertainment 民 芸 mingei folkcraft

136 SHŪ, atsu(maru), tsudo(u) (intr.) gatherr atsu(meru) (tr.) gather 3 集 金 shūkin bill collecting 8 集 中 shūchū concentration 89 全 集 zenshū the complete works 8 特 集 tokushū special edition 万 葉 集 Man'yōshū (Japan's oldest anthology of poems) 6, 53 8c4. ªt / q8. Uª /9 73 ज़ 444 SHIN, susu(mu) advance, progress susu(meru) advance, promote 437 進 歩 shinpo progress, improvement 68 進 行 shinkō progress, onward movement 09 進 学 shingaku entrance to a higher school 47 前 進 zenshin advance, forward movement 50, 40 先 進 国 senshinkoku developed/advanced country GUN N army, troops; war 軍 人 gunjin soldier, military man 軍 事 gunji military affairs, military 海 軍 kaigun navy 敵 軍 tekigun enemy army/troops 軍 国 主 義 gunkoku shugi militarism i7. Mü / , 55, UN N fate, luckk hako(bu) carry, transport 運 転 手 untenshu driver, chauffeur U ü 労 働 運 動 (rōdō) undō (labor) movement 運 動 不 足 undō-busoku lack of exercise / 運 河 unga canal 不 運 fuun misfortune q9.0 Ь 446 q7. Uü / q6.9 U _ / q4.5 UÎL /9 8 ൱ 9 439, 57 33, 3, 3 3, 94, REN N group; accompaniment tsu(reru) take (someone) along tsura(naru) stand in a row tsura(neru) link, put in a row 43 連 続 renzoku series, continuity 59 連 合 rengō combination, league, coalition 40 国 連 Kokuren UN, United Nations 65, 家 族 連 れ kazokuzure with the family SŌ, oku(ru) send 運 送 unsō transport, shipment 回 送 kaisō forwarding 送 金 sōkin remittance 送 別 会 sōbetsukai going-away/farewell party 見 送 る miokuru see (someone) off; escort , HEN, kae(su) (tr.) return kae(ru) (intr.) return 返 事 henji reply 返 信 henshin reply (letter, ) 見 返 す mikaesu look back; triumph over (an old enemy) 読 み 返 す yomikaesu reread 送り返 す okurikaesu send back

137 b4.7 bîl / 8 9 ޟ 450 d4.4 GÎL /7 8 9 ޠ 45 q6.8 U_] / q4.3 U /9 50 ؤ 453 q0.4 Uëb /9 57 Ѡ 454 3s0. ëb /4 57 э薗 455 q9.8 UÄb /9 46 બ逹 HAN, saka slope, hill 急 な 坂 kyū na saka steep slope/hill 坂 道 sakamichi road on a slope 上り坂 noborizaka ascent; on the rise 下り坂 kudarizaka descent; decline 赤 坂 Akasaka (area of Tōkyō) HAN N slope; embankment 大 阪 Ōsaka Ōsaka 京 阪 Kei-Han Kyōto-Ōsaka (area) 阪 神 Han-Shin Ōsaka-Kōbe (area) 京 阪 神 Kei-Han-Shin Kyōto-Ōsaka-Kōbe (area) , 30 GYAKU U reverse, inverse, opposite; treason saka reverse, inverse saka(rau) be contrary (to) 439 逆 転 gyakuten reversal 404 逆 説 gyakusetsu paradox 34 反 逆 hangyaku treason 逆 立 つ sakadatsu stand on end KIN, chika(i) near, close 近 所 kinjo vicinity, neighborhood 付 近 fukin vicinity, environs 最 近 saikin recent; most recent, latest 近 代 kindai modern times, modern 近 道 chikamichi shortcut, shorter way EN, [ON], tō(i) far, distant 遠 方 enpō great distance, (in) the distance 遠 近 法 enkinhō (law of) perspective 遠 足 ensoku excursion, outing 遠 心 力 enshinryoku centrifugal force 遠 回 し tōmawashi indirect, roundabout EN, sono garden 公 園 kōen (public) park 動 物 園 dōbutsuen zoo 植 物 園 shokubutsuen botanical garden 学 園 gakuen educational institution, academy 楽 園 rakuen paradise TATSU U reach, arrive at 上 達 jōtatsu progress; proficiency 発 達 hattatsu development 達 成 tassei achieve, attain 達 人 tatsujin expert, master 友 達 tomodachi friend , , , ,

138 ༨ ڝ 456 4b8. um / փ朞 457 3b8. bm / 3 4 շ 458 3c6.8 db~ / i6.4 kb~ / a.9 A_ /3 6 һ 46 5f4.7 ìa_ / ӏ畍 46 3c5. dek /3 4 KI, [GO]] time, period, term 期 間 kikan period of time, term 定 期 teiki fixed period 過 渡 期 katoki transition period 学 期 gakki semester, trimester, school term 短 期 大 学 tanki daigaku junior college , , 6, 09 KI, moto, motoii basis, foundation, origin 基 本 kihon basics, fundamentals; standard 基 金 kikin fund, endowment 基 地 kichi (military) base 基 石 kiseki foundation stone, cornerstone 基 調 kichō keynote JI, mo(tsu) have, possess, hold, maintain 支 持 shiji support 持 続 jizoku continuance, maintenance 持 ち 主 mochinushi owner, possessor 金 持 ち kanemochi rich person 気 持 ち kimochi mood, feeling TAI, ma(tsu) wait for 456 期 待 kitai expectation, anticipation 8 特 待 tokutai special treatment, distinction 59, 66 待 ち 合 い 室 machiaishitsu waiting room 59 待 ち 合 わ せ る machiawaseru wait for (as previously arranged) 待 ち ぼうけ machibōke getting stood up KAII shellfish (cf. No. 40); be in between, mediate 介 入 kainyū intervention 介 在 kaizai lie/stand/come between 魚 介 gyokai fish and shellfish, marine products 一 介 の ikkai no mere, only KAII world; boundary 世 界 sekai world 世 界 史 sekaishi world history 学 界 gakkai academic world 外 界 gaikai external world, outside 下 界 gekai this world, the earth below SHŌ, mane(ku) beckon to, invite, cause 招 待 shōtai invitation 手 招 き temaneki beckoning ,

139 ඵ א ב 463 6a5.0 óek /6 4 SHŌ introduce, help 紹 介 shōkai introduction, presentation 自 己 紹 介 jiko shōkai introduce oneself 460 6, 37, 460 KAN N cold; midwinter samu(i) cold 寒 気 kanki the cold 寒 中 kanchū the cold season 極 寒 gokkan severe cold 寒 村 kanson poor/lonely village 寒 空 samuzora wintry sky, cold weather अ 464 3m9.3 nmb /33 3 ԯ 465 3m0. nmb 33 3 SAI, SOKU, fusa(gu) stop/plug up, blockk fusa(garu) be closed/ blocked 40 閉 塞 heisoku blockade; obstruction 45 要 塞 yōsai fortress, stronghold ބ 466 6a5.9 óé[ / i. É[ /49 த 468 4c5.3 v / ࢪ 469 4i7.5 Éè] /49 55 ґ 4 SHŪ, o(waru) come to an end o(eru) bring to an end 最 終 saishū last 終 戦 shūsen end of the war 終 点 shūten end of the line, last stop, terminus 終 身 shūshin for life, lifelong 終 日 shūjitsu all day long TŌ, fuyu winter 立 冬 rittō first day of winter 真 冬 mafuyu midwinter, dead of winter 冬 向 き fuyumuki for winter 冬 物 fuyumono winter clothing 冬 空 fuyuzora winter sky SHUN, haru spring 春 分 の 日 shunbun (no hi) vernal equinox 立 春 risshun beginning of spring 青 春 seishun springtime of life, youth 売 春 baishun prostitution 春 画 shunga obscene picture, pornography KA, [GE], natsu summer 夏 期 kaki the summer period 立 夏 rikka beginning of summer 真 夏 manatsu midsummer, height of summer 夏 物 natsumono summer clothing 夏 休 み natsuyasumi summer vacation 37 38,

140 ג ד ה ו ז ח ט 470 5d4. êw /56 44 穐 47 e5. H / f7.3 ú G / d.3 êe / d3. êg /56 5 SHŪ, akii fall, autumn 春 夏 秋 冬 shunkashūtō all the year round 春 秋 shunjū spring and autumn; years, age 秋 分 の 日 shūbun (no hi) autumnal equinox 秋 気 shūki the autumn air 秋 風 akikaze autumn breeze 468, 469, , SOKU U on the spot, immediate 即 時 sokuji instantly, immediately, on the spot 即 日 sokujitsu on the same day 即 金 sokkin cash; payment in cash 即 席 sokuseki extemporaneous, impromptu 即 興 sokkyō improvised, ad-lib SETSU, [SECHI]] season; occasion; section; paragraph; verse fushii joint; knuckle; melody; point 時 節 jisetsu time of the year; the times 調 節 chōsetsu adjustment, regulation 使 節 shisetsu envoy, mission 節 約 setsuyaku economizing, thrift KII season 季 節 kisetsu season, time of the year 四 季 shiki the four seasons 季 節 風 kisetsufū seasonal wind, monsoon 季 節 外 れ kisetsuhazure out of season 季 語 kigo word indicating the season (in haiku) I, yuda(neru) entrust (to) 委 任 inin trust, mandate, authorization 委 員 iin committee member 委 員 会 iinkai committee , 9 47, , 58 Ϡ 475 3a9.8 Yue / 43 4 ۏ 476 3a. Yvu / 4 ଓ 43 KO, mizuumii lake 湖 水 kosui lake 火 口 湖 kakōko crater lake 湖 面 komen surface of a lake 山 中 湖 Yamanaka-ko (lake near Mt. Fuji) 十 和 田 湖 Towada-ko (lake in Tōhoku) CHŌ, shio tide; salt water; opportunity 満 潮 manchō high tide 潮 流 chōryū tidal current; trend of the times 風 潮 fūchō tide; tendency, trend 潮 時 shiodoki favorable tide; opportunity 黒 潮 Kuroshio Japan Current 38 0, , 8, 4,

141 י ך כ ל ם מ ן 477 4b8. uvo / c5.5 vs /4 40 晝 479 j6. N{A / 30 3 โ 480 3a8.9 Y{N / 30 CHŌ morning; dynasty asa morning 朝 食 chōshoku breakfast 平 安 朝 Heianchō Heian period (794 85) 朝 日 asahi morning/rising sun 毎 朝 maiasa every morning 今 朝 kesa, konchō this morning 3 0, CHŪ, hiru daytime, noon 昼 食 chūshoku lunch 白 昼 に hakuchū ni in broad daylight 昼 飯 hirumeshi lunch 昼 間 hiruma daytime 昼 休 み hiruyasumi lunch break, noon recess YA, yoru, yo night 昼 夜 chūya day and night 今 夜 kon'ya tonight 夜 行 yakō traveling by night; night train 夜 学 yagaku evening class 夜 明 け yoake dawn, daybreak EKII liquid, fluid 液 体 ekitai liquid, fluid 液 化 ekika liquefaction 6 54 т 48 n5. Qu@ /5 43 Ӻ 48 4g9. Åu^ / ҽ觧 483 3k8.30 mò^ /3 6 5 KAKU U angle, corner kado corner, angle tsuno horn, antlers 378 角 度 kakudo degrees of an angle, angle 4, 399 三 角 形 sankaku(kei) triangle 49 直 角 chokkaku right angle 86 街 角 machikado street corner KAI, GE, to(ku) untie, solve to(keru) come loose, be solved to(kasu) comb 理 解 rikai understanding 解 説 kaisetsu explanation, commentary 解 決 kaiketsu solution, settlement 和 解 wakai compromise KIKU U chrysanthemum 白 菊 shiragiku white chrysanthemum 菊 の 花 kiku no hana chrysanthemum 菊 の 節 句 Kiku no Sekku Chrysanthemum Festival 菊 人 形 kikuningyō chrysanthemum doll 菊 地 Kikuchi (surname) , 337, 399 8

142 נ ס ע ף פ 484 6b6.9 ò / ѩ奧 485 m. PN / b6. òpn /6 3 ࠎ齒 487 4n9.5 ã}p / ދ 488 4n7. Ō, oku interior 奥 義 ōgi, okugi secrets, hidden mysteries 奥 行 き okuyuki depth (vs. height & width) 山 奥 yamaoku deep in the mountains 奥 付 け okuzuke colophon 奥 さん okusan wife; ma'am SHI, to(maru) come to a stop to(meru) bring to a stop 終 止 shūshi termination 中 止 chyūshi discontinue, suspend, cancel 通 行 止 め tsūkōdome Road Closed, No Thoroughfare 口 止 め 料 kuchidomeryō hush money 足 止 め ashidome keep indoors, confinement SHI, ha tooth 門 / 犬 歯 mon/kenshi incisor/canine 義 歯 gishi false teeth, dentures 歯 科 医 shikai dentist 歯 医 者 haisha dentist 歯 車 haguruma toothed wheel, gear , 68 54, , , 0 0, SAII year, years old [SEI]] year 満 四 歳 man'yonsai 4 (full) years old 0 歳 hatachi 0 years old 万 歳 banzai Hurrah! Long live...! expenditure 歳 月 saigetsu time, years 歳 入 歳 出 sainyū saishutsu yearly revenue and 0, , 53 SEKII relatives, kin 親 戚 shinseki a relative 75 REKII continuation, passage of time; successive 歴 史 rekishi history 学 歴 gakureki school career, academic background 前 歴 zenreki personal history, background 歴 任 rekinin successive holding of various posts ã}p / p.4 ÎtP / a4.7 APN /3 3 ղ KI, kuwada(teru) plan, undertake, attempt 企 業 kigyō enterprise, undertaking 企 画 kikaku planning, plan 企 図 kito plan, project, scheme 中 小 企 業 chūshō kigyō small- and medium-size enterprises , 7, 79

143 ץ צ ק ר ש ת 49 4e8.3 yt / i5. É /49 38 ঞ 493 7a5.5 ù /67 38 ऍ證 494 6a6.5 óbe /6 4 ڌ 495 3c8.0 dég / a8.8 vt 4 4 җ 497 7a8. ùvt /67 4 Ҩ 4 KIN N prohibition 禁 止 kinshi prohibition 立 ち 入り禁 止 tachiiri kinshi Keep Out 禁 制 kinsei prohibition, ban 禁 物 kinmotsu forbidden things, taboo 発 禁 hakkin prohibition of sale 485, 5, SEI, [SHŌ], matsurigoto government, rule 政 局 seikyoku political situation 行 政 gyōsei administration 内 政 naisei domestic politics, internal affairs 市 政 shisei municipal government 家 政 kasei management of a household, housekeeping SHŌ proof, evidence, certificate 証 明 shōmei proof, testimony, corroboration 証 書 shōsho deed, bond, in writing 証 人 shōnin witness 証 言 shōgen testimony 内 証 naisho, naishō secret KETSU, musu(bu) tie, bind; conclude (a contract); bear (fruit) yu(waeru) tie yu(u) do up (one's hair) 結 論 ketsuron conclusion 結 成 kessei formation, organization 結 合 ketsugō union, combination 終 結 shūketsu conclusion, termination SETSU U touch, contact tsu(gu) join together 直 接 chokusetsu direct 間 接 kansetsu indirect 面 接 mensetsu interview 接 続 setsuzoku connecting, joining 接 待 settai reception, welcome; serving, offering KA fruit, result ha(tasu) carry out, complete ha(teru) come to an end ha(te) end; limit; result 494 結 果 kekka result 6 成 果 seika result 03 果 実 kajitsu fruit 79 果 物 kudamono fruit KA lesson; section 第 一 課 dai-ikka Lesson 課 目 kamoku subject (in school) 課 程 katei course, curriculum 課 長 kachō section chief 人 事 課 jinjika personnel section 4 408, , 80

144 װ ױ ײ 498 a7. Ate / m3. / ~ /4 37 團 50 3d. e` /4 7 ઑ臺 50 3a5.8 Ye` / 4 7 ࠚ 503 3e5.9 ge` /5 4 7 ߨ 504 3n7. oe_ / , 69 46, , 53 SHU, [SU], mamo(ru) protect; obey, abide by morii babysitter; (lighthouse) keeper 498, 0 保 守 的 hoshuteki conservative 子 守 komori baby-sitting; baby-sitter, nursemaid; lullaby 見 守 る mimamoru keep watch over; stare at お 守り omamori charm, amulet n~ 3s3.3 HO, tamo(tsu) keep, preserve, maintain 保 証 hoshō guarantee, warranty 保 証 人 hoshōnin guarantor, sponsor 保 存 hozon preservation 保 育 所 hoikusho, hoikujo daycare nursery 保 養 所 hoyōsho, hoyōjo sanatorium, rest home 6 ண黨 DAN, [TON]] group 6,, 68 団 体 旅 行 dantai (ryokō) group (tour) 44 集 団 shūdan group, mass 8 団 地 danchi public housing development/complex 494 団 結 danketsu unity, solidarity 45 師 団 shidan (army) division DAI, TAII stand, pedestal; platform, plateau 台 所 daidokoro kitchen 天 文 台 tenmondai observatory 高 台 takadai high ground, a height 台 本 daihon script, screenplay, libretto 台 風 taifū typhoon 53 4, JI, CHII peace; government; healing osa(meru) govern; suppress osa(maru) be at peace, quelled nao(su) (tr.) heal nao(ru) (intr.) heal 49 政 治 seiji politics 6 自 治 jichi self-government, autonomy 8, 4, 56 明 治 時 代 Meiji jidai Meiji era (868 9) SHI, haji(maru) (intr.) start, begin haji(meru) (tr.) start, begin 305 始 末 shimatsu circumstances; management, disposal 466 始 終 shijū from first to last, all the while 開 始 kaishi the first (train) departure; beginning, opening , 0 原 始 的 genshiteki primitive, original TŌ party, faction 政 党 seitō political party 野 党 yatō party out of power, opposition 党 員 / 首 tōin/shu party member/leader 徒 党 totō confederates, clique, conspiracy 社 会 党 Shakaitō Socialist Party , , 58

145 n8.4 oeb / n8.3 oeh / ढ 507 0a8. P n9.4 oed / n. oûe / ऑ 50 0a7.8 te q7.4 Ute /9 4 ਖ਼ 4 DŌ temple; hall 3 食 堂 shokudō dining hall, restaurant 387, 359 能 楽 堂 nōgakudō Noh theater 6, 58 公 会 堂 kōkaidō public hall, community center 5 本 堂 hondō main temple building 40, 58, 9, 80 国 会 議 事 堂 kokkai gijidō Diet Building JŌ, tsune normal, usual, continual toko- ever-, always 5, 44, 37 日 常 生 活 nichijō seikatsu everyday life 75 正 常 seijō normal 50 通 常 tsūjō ordinary, usual 35 常 務 jōmu regular business, routine duties committee 334, 474, 63 常 任 委 員 jōnin iin member of a standing HII mistake; (prefix) non-, un非 常 口 hijōguchi emergency exit 非 常 事 態 hijō jitai state of emergency 非 公 開 hikōkai not open to the public, private 非 人 間 的 hiningenteki inhuman, impersonal 非 合 法 higōhō illegal SHŌ palm of the hand; administer 合 掌 gasshō clasp one's hands (in prayer) 掌 中 shōchū pocket (edition), in the hand 掌 中 の 玉 shōchū no tama apple of one's eye 車 掌 shashō (train) conductor SHŌ prize; praise 文 学 賞 bungaku-shō prize for literature ノ ー ベ ル 賞 Nōberu-shō Nobel Prize 賞 品 shōhin a prize 賞 金 shōkin cash prize, prize money 受 賞 者 jushōsha prizewinner SOKU, taba bundle, sheaf 一 束 issoku, hitotaba a bundle 約 束 yakusoku promise, appointment 結 束 kessoku unity, union, bond 花 束 hanataba bouquet 束 ね る tabaneru tie in a bundle; control 506, , 80, 388 6, 400, 43, 0 59, , 95 33, , SOKU, haya(i), sumi(yaka) fast, speedy haya(meru) hasten, expedite haya(maru) speed up, gather speed 00, 378 速 力 速 度 sokuryoku, sokudo speed, velocity 90, 49, 5 高 速 道 路 kōsoku dōro expressway, freeway 455 速 達 sokutatsu special/express delivery 37 速 記 sokki shorthand, stenography 43

146 i.3 Ét / ট 53 3q5. Ã~A / ങ 54 6f5. ú~a / ഡ SEI, totono(eru) put in order; prepare totono(u) be put in order, prepared 43 整 理 seiri arrangement, adjustment 34 調 整 chōsei adjustment, modulation 399, 83, 30 整 形 外 科 seikei geka plastic surgery 5 整 数 seisū integer FU U storehouse; government office; capital city 49 政 府 seifu government 93, 49 無 政 府 museifu anarchy 48 首 府 shufu the capital 89, 88 京 都 府 Kyōto-fu Kyōto Prefecture 都 道 府 県 to-dō-fu-ken the Japanese prefectures 88, 49, 94 FU U sign, mark 39 切 符 kippu ticket 39, 39, 54 切 符 売り場 kippu uriba ticket office/window 347 音 符 onpu diacritical mark; musical note 66 符 号 fugō mark, symbol 59 符 合 fugō coincidence, agreement, correspondence 55 KEN N ticket, certificate 5, 54 入 場 券 nyūjōken admission ticket ryoken passport 旅 券 w@k 90, 5 回 数 券 kaisūken coupon ticket , 456 定 期 券 teikiken commutation ticket, (train) pass 65, 47, 493 有 価 証 券 (yūka) shōken securities f6.0 ڕ 劵 56 0a9. Rwj o 44 8 Գ卷 57 3s9. wj / ژ 圈 58 4b8.4 uw / KAN, makii roll, reel, volume ma(ku) roll, wind 上 / 中 / 下 巻 jō/chū/gekan first/middle/last volume 第 一 巻 dai-ikkan Volume 絵 巻 物 emaki(mono) picture scroll 葉 巻 hamaki cigar 取り巻く torimaku surround, encircle 3, 8, 3 408, 345, KEN N circle, range, sphere 67 ド イ ツ 語 圏 Doitsugo-ken the German-speaking region 336, 8 極 地 圏 kyokuchiken polar region 北 / 南 極 圏 hok/nankyokuken Arctic/Antarctic Circle 73, 74, , 88 首 都 圏 shutoken the capital region 84, 83 圏 内 / 外 kennai/gai within/outside the range (of) SHŌ, ka(tsu) win masa(ru) be superior (to) 勝 利 shōri victory 勝 利 者 shō(ri)sha victor, winner 決 勝 kesshō decision (of a competition) 連 勝 renshō series of victories, winning streak 勝 ち 通 す kachitōsu win successive victories ,

147 FU, ma(keru) be defeated, lose; give a discount ma(kasu) beat, defeat o(u) carry, bear, owe 58 勝 負 shōbu victory or defeat; game, match 6 自 負 jifu conceit, self-importance 34 負 け ん 気 makenki unyielding/competitive spirit 80 負 け 犬 makeinu loser n7. Qû /5 68 ദ 50 HAII a defeat yabu(reru) be defeated 敗 北 haiboku defeat 勝 敗 shōhai victory or defeat, outcome 失 敗 shippai failure, blunder 敗 戦 haisen lost battle, defeat 敗 者 haisha the defeated, loser 7b4. ûé / HŌ, hana(tsu) set free, release; fire (a gun); emit hana(su) set free, release hana(reru) get free off hō(ru) throw; leave as is 48 解 放 kaihō liberation, emancipation 447 放 送 hōsō (radio/tv) broadcasting 0 放 火 hōka arson 4h4. ÇÉ / BŌ, fuse(gu) defend/protect from, prevent 防 止 bōshi prevention, keeping in check 予 防 yobō prevention, precaution 国 防 kokubō national defense 防 火 bōka fire prevention/fighting 防 水 bōsui waterproof, watertight d4. GÇ /7 48 ෂ 53 Éj /49 8 Ӊ 54 HAI, kuba(ru) distribute, pass out 心 配 shinpai worry, concern 支 配 shihai management, administration, rule 配 達 haitatsu deliver 配 置 haichi arrangement, placement 気 配 kehai sign, indication 7e3. j / É` /7 49 ߙ KAI, arata(meru) alter, renew, reform arata(maru) be altered, renewed, corrected 75 改 正 kaisei improvement; revision 3 改 良 kairyō improvement, reform 74 改 新 kaishin renovation, reformation 8 改 名 kaimei changing one's name 4i3. 7e SAN, su(i) acid, sour 酸 味 sanmi acidity, sourness 酸 性 sansei acidity 酸 化 sanka oxidation 酸 素 sanso oxygen 酸 っ ぱ い suppai sour, tart

148

149 YŪ Ū mail d8. Gmb / n3. ã / a6.8 ùã / ࠇ 536 3d.3 e /4 34 ն噐 537 4a. tã` /4 5 7 ֆ 538 4a7. tãm /4 5 3 ӌ 539 0a9.4 \O 0 郵 便 局 yūbinkyoku post office 郵 便 配 達 人 yūbin haitatsu(nin) 郵 便 料 金 yūbin ryōkin postage 郵 税 yūzei postage 郵 送 料 yūsōryō postage 330, 70 postman mailman, 330, 54, 455, 330, 39, , 39 SHIKII ceremony, rite; style, form; method; formula 正 式 seishiki prescribed form, formal 公 式 kōshiki formula (in mathematics); formal, official 様 式 yōshiki mode, style 方 式 hōshiki formula, mode; method, system 新 式 shinshiki new type SHI, kokoro(miru), tame(su) give it a try, try out, attempt 59 試 合 shiai game, match 36 試 作 shisaku trial manufacture/cultivation 3 試 食 shishoku sample, taste 445, 439 試 運 転 shiunten trial run 3, 78 試 金 石 shikinseki touchstone, test KI, utsuwa container, apparatus; capacity, ability 楽 器 gakki musical instrument 器 楽 kigaku instrumental music 器 具 kigu utensil, appliance, tool, apparatus 食 器 shokki eating utensils 不 / 無 器 用 (bu)kiyō (not) dexterous , 93, 07 KII machine; opportunity hata loom 機 関 kikan engine; machinery, organ, medium 制 動 機 seidōki a brake 起 重 機 kijūki crane 機 能 kinō a function 機 会 kikai opportunity, occasion, chance , 3 374, KAII fetters; machine 536 器 械 kikai instrument, apparatus, appliance 537 機 械 kikai machine, machinery 537, 54 機 械 化 kikaika mechanization 機 械 文 明 kikai bunmei technological civilization 537,, 8 HI, to(bu) fly to(basu) let fly, skip over, omit 飛 行 hikō flight, aviation 飛 行 機 hikōki airplane 飛 行 場 hikōjō airport 飛 び 石 tobiishi stepping-stones 飛 び 火 tobihi flying sparks, leaping flames , ,

150 a8.8 tea /4 4 3 ڠ 檢 54 0a8.4 ea / ڲ 驗 54 d8.8 GeA /7 4 3 ڰ 險 543 n4.3 QÎG /5 8 7 մ 544 3c8.6 dt / a8. Yt / a8.5 ó Y /6 39 KEN N investigation, inspection 検 事 kenji public procurator/prosecutor 検 定 kentei official approval, inspection 検 証 kenshō verification, inspection 検 死 kenshi coroner's inquest, autopsy 点 検 tenken inspection, examination KEN N effect; testing [GEN]] beneficial effect 実 験 jikken experiment 試 験 shiken examination, test 入 学 試 験 nyūgaku shiken entrance exam 体 験 taiken experience 受 験 juken take a test/exam KEN, kewa(shii) steep, inaccessible; stern, harsh 保 険 hoken insurance 険 悪 ken'aku dangerous, threatening 険 路 kenro steep path 険 し い 道 kewashii michi steep/treacherous road 険 し い 顔 つ き kewashii kaotsuki stern/fierce look KI, abu(nai), aya(ui) dangerous aya(bumu) fear 危 険 kiken danger 危 険 物 kikenbutsu hazardous articles 危 機 kiki crisis, critical moment 危 急 kikyū emergency, crisis 危 害 kigai injury, harm TAN, sagu(ru) search/grope for saga(su) look for 探 検 tanken exploration, expedition 探 知 tanchi detection 探り出 す saguridasu spy/sniff out (a secret) 探 し 回 る sagashimawaru look/search around for 家 探 し iesagashi house hunting , 09, , SHIN, fuka(i) deep fuka(meru) make deeper, intensify fuka(maru) become deeper, intensify 378 深 度 shindo depth, deepness 479 深 夜 shin'ya dead of night, late at night 09 情 け 深 い nasakebukai compassionate, merciful 369, 307 興 味 深 い kyōmibukai very interesting RYOKU, [ROKU], midorii green 緑 地 ryokuchi green tract of land 新 緑 shinryoku fresh verdure/greenery 葉 緑 素 yōryokuso chlorophyll 緑 青 rokushō verdigris, green/copper rust 緑 色 midoriiro green, green-colored ,

151 ؠ ء آ أ ؤ 547 8a8.6 ß Y /7 39 ༰ 548 0a3.3 O 與 549 i3. MO /0 ࡃ寫 550 k4.4 b ܪ 攷 ROKU U record 記 録 kiroku record, document(ary) 録 音 rokuon (audio) recording 録 画 rokuga (video) recording 目 録 mokuroku catalog, inventory, list 付 録 furoku supplement, appendix, addendum YO give; participate in ata(eru) give, grant 与 党 yotō party in power, government 与 野 党 yoyatō government and opposition parties 給 与 kyūyo allowance, wage 付 与 fuyo give, grant, confer 賞 与 shōyo bonus, reward , SHA, utsu(su) copy down, copy, duplicate; depict; photograph utsu(ru) be taken, turn out (photo) 48 写 真 shashin photograph 353, 537 映 写 機 eishaki projector 44 写 生 shasei sketch, painting from nature 03, 0 写 実 的 shajitsuteki realistic, graphic KŌ, kanga(eru) think, consider 思 考 shikō thinking, thought 考 案 kōan conception, idea, design 考 証 kōshō historical research 考 古 学 kōkogaku archaeology 考 え 方 kangaekata way of thinking, viewpoint , KŌ filial piety (oya) kōkō filial piety, obedience to parents kōyō discharge of filial duties 孝 養 be 不 孝 (oya) fukō undutifulness to one's parents 6 親 親 孝 行 k4.3 75, , k4.5 b ༨ 553 3k5. meo /3 4 RŌ old age o(iru), fu(keru) grow old 老 人 rōjin old man/woman/people 長 老 chōrō an elder 老 夫 婦 rōfūfu old married couple 海 老 ebi shrimp, prawn 老 子 Rōshi Laozi, Lao-tzu JAKU, [NYAKU], waka(i) young mo(shikuwa) or 老 若 rōnyaku, rōjaku young and old, youth and age 若 者 wakamono young man/people 若 手 wakate young man, a younger member 若 人 wakōdo young man, a youth 若 死 に wakajini die young ,

152 إ ئ ا ب ة ت ث 554 3k5.4 meo /3 4 د 555 7c9.5 üua / ๗ 556 7c5.3 übl /69 9 ٻ 輕 557 6a5. óbl /6 9 ٱ 經 558 3a8.30 YNO / ތ 濟 559 f8.6 INO /6 ޙ 劑 560 0a3.7 O@ ވ KU U pain, suffering(s) kuru(shimu) suffer kuru(shimeru) torment kuru(shii) painful niga(i) bitter niga(ru) scowl 33 苦 労 kurō trouble, hardship, adversity 97 苦 心 kushin pains, efforts 38 病 苦 byōku the pain of illness 7 重 苦 し い omokurushii oppressed, gloomy, ponderous YU U send, transport 輸 入 yunyū import 輸 出 yushutsu export 輸 送 yusō transport 運 輸 un'yu transport, conveyance 空 輸 kūyu air transport, shipment by air KEI, karu(i), karo(yaka) light 軽 工 業 keikōgyō light industry 軽 食 keishoku light meal 軽 音 楽 keiongaku light music 手 軽 tegaru easy, simple, informal 気 軽 kigaru lighthearted, cheerful, feel free (to) , , KEII longitude; sutra; passage of time KYŌ sutra he(ru) pass, elapse 54 経 験 keiken experience 489 経 歴 keireki one's life history, career 43 経 理 keiri accounting 30 神 経 shinkei a nerve SAI, su(mu) come to an end; be paid; suffice su(masu) finish, settle; pay; make do, manage 557 経 済 keizai economy, economics 448 返 済 hensai payment, repayment 357 決 済 kessai settlement of accounts 33, 07 使 用 済 み shiyōzumi used up ZAII medicine, preparation 360 薬 剤 yakuzai medicine, drug 360, 45 薬 剤 師 yakuzaishi pharmacist, druggist 34 調 剤 chōzai compounding/preparation of medicines 3 下 剤 gezai laxative 48, 53 解 毒 剤 gedokuzai antidote SAII ability, talent; (as suffix) years old 天 才 tensai a genius 才 子 saishi talented person 才 能 sainō talent, ability 多 才 tasai many-talented 十 八 才 jūhassai 8 years old , 0

153 ج ح خ د ذ ر ز 56 4a3.7 /4 ޛ 杙 56 7b3. /68 ޝ 戝 563 3s3. /4 34 Ї 564 4k6.3 áe / a0.7 Yme / 3 4 Ո 566 8c0. ªme / ఔ 567 3s4. t /4 4 ݟ ZAII wood, material; talent 材 料 zairyō materials, ingredients 取 材 shuzai data collection, news gathering 教 材 kyōzai teaching materials 題 材 daizai subject matter, theme 材 木 zaimoku wood, lumber ZAI, [SAI]] money, wealth, property 財 産 zaisan estate, assets, property 財 政 zaisei finances, financial affairs 財 界 zaikai financial world, business circles 財 務 省 Zaimushō Ministry of Finance; (U.S.) Treasury Department 文 化 財 bunkazai cultural asset , 45, 54 IN N cause yo(ru) depend (on), be limited (to) 原 因 gen'in cause 主 因 shuin primary/main cause 死 因 shiin cause of death 要 因 yōin important factor, chief cause 因 果 inga cause and effect ON N kindness, goodness, favor; gratitude 恩 給 onkyū pension 恩 賞 onshō a reward 恩 人 onjin benefactor; patron 恩 返 し ongaeshi repayment of a favor 恩 知 ら ず onshirazu ingratitude; ingrate KAN N Han (Chinese dynasty); China; man, fellow 漢 字 kanji kanji, Chinese character 漢 文 kanbun Chinese writing; Chinese classics 漢 時 代 Kan jidai Han dynasty/period 好 / 悪 漢 kō/akkan nice fellow/scoundrel, villain 門 外 漢 mongaikan outsider, layman NAN, muzuka(shii), kata(i) difficult 難 題 nandai difficult problem/question 難 病 nanbyō incurable disease 難 民 nanmin refugees 海 難 kainan disaster at sea, shipwreck 非 難 hinan adverse criticism 0 4, 56 04, 304 6, KON, koma(ru) be distressed, be troubled 566 困 難 konnan difficulty, trouble 554 困 苦 konku hardships, adversity 39 困り切 る komarikiru be in a bad fix, at a loss 困り果 てる komarihateru be greatly troubled, nonplussed 496 5

154 س ش ص ض ط ظ ع 568 g0. Kme / c5.8 dîo /3 8 KIN N service, workk [GON]] Buddhist religious services tsuto(meru) be employed tsuto(maru) be fit for 勤 労 kinrō work, labor 勤 務 kinmu service, being on duty/at work 通 勤 tsūkin going to work, commuting 勤 め 先 tsutomesaki place of work, employer TEII resist 抵 当 teitō mortgage, hypothec 大 抵 taitei generally, for the most part, usually a5.5 AÎO / q5.3 ÃO /8 57 d5.0 GÎO /7 8 ୦ 573 4i4. Ét /49 4 थ條 574 f7.6 b TEI, hiku(i) low hiku(meru) make lower hiku(maru) become lower 63 最 低 saitei lowest, minimum 53, 375 低 所 得 teishotoku low income 6, 95 低 成 長 teiseichō low growth 387 低 能 teinō weak intellect, mental deficiency TEI, soko bottom 根 底 kontei base, foundation 海 底 kaitei bottom of the sea, ocean floor 河 底 katei bottom of a river, riverbed 底 力 sokojikara latent energy/power 底 値 sokone rock-bottom price TEII mansion, residence 公 邸 kōtei official residence 官 邸 kantei official residence 私 邸 shitei one's private residence 邸 宅 teitaku residence, mansion 邸 内 teinai the grounds, the premises JŌ article, clause; line, stripe 条 約 jōyaku treaty 条 文 jōbun the text, provisions 第 一 条 dai-ichijō Article (in a law/contract/treaty) 条 理 jōri logic, reason 信 条 shinjō a belief, article of faith KEI, chigi(ru) pledge, vow, promise 契 約 keiyaku contract, agreement 契 機 keiki opportunity, chance 34 ١ 5 408,

155 غ ػ ؼ ؽ ؾ ؿ ـ 575 0a4.5 ÎO 8 ߺ 576 3e8.4 gvî /5 4 8 ݢ 577 6a3. ók[ / f6.9 úb~ / a6.5 ùb~ /67 37 ࠆ 580 a6. Ab~ /3 37 ࠑ 58 3p0. r / ߧ SHII clan, family; surname; (as suffix) Mr. ujii clan, lineage shimei (full) name dōshi the said person, he ryōshi both (gentlemen) ujigami tutelary deity, genius loci seshi Celsius, centigrade 氏名 同氏 両氏 氏神 セ氏 KON N marriage 494 結 婚 kekkon marriage 494, 534 結 婚 式 kekkonshiki marriage ceremony, wedding 婚 約 kon'yaku engagement 306 未 婚 mikon unmarried 74,, 68 新 婚 旅 行 shinkon ryokō honeymoon KYŪ Ū rank, class 進 級 shinkyū (school/military) promotion 高 級 kōkyū high rank; high class, de luxe 上 級 jōkyū upper grade, senior 学 級 gakkyū class in school 同 級 生 dōkyūsei classmate TŌ class, grade; equality; etc. hito(shii) equal 等 級 tōkyū class, grade, rank 一 等 ittō first class 平 等 byōdō equality 同 等 dōtō equality, same rank 高 等 学 校 kōtō gakkō senior high school , , 09, 5 SHII poetry, poem 詩 人 shijin poet 詩 歌 shiika, shika poetry 詩 情 shijō poetic sentiment 詩 集 shishū collection of poems 漢 詩 kanshi Chinese poem/poetry JI, samuraii samurai 侍 者 jisha attendant, valet, page 侍 女 jijo lady-in-waiting, lady's attendant 侍 医 jii court physician 侍 気 質 samurai katagi the samurai spirit 七 人 の 侍 Shichinin no samurai The Seven Samurai , 76 9, SHII samurai; man; scholar 同 士 dōshi fellow, companion 力 士 rikishi sumo wrestler 代 議 士 daigishi dietman, congressman, M.P. 学 士 gakushi university graduate 税 理 士 zeirishi (licensed) tax accountant , , 43 53

156 ف ق ك ل م ن ه 58 SHI, kokorozashii will, intention, aim kokoroza(su) intend, aim at, have in view 3 意 志 ishi will 99 志 向 shikō intention, inclination 98 同 志 dōshi like-minded (person) 65 有 志 yūshi voluntary; those interested 3p4. rá / a7.8 ùáb /67 5 ࠈ 584 8c6. ªtO /73 4 ߁雜 585 4a6.35 to / a4.7 ù L / ৎ 587 a6.6 AeG /3 4 7 ถ 588 a6.4 Aá /3 5 ఱ SHII write down; chronicle; magazine 誌 上 shijō in a magazine 誌 面 shimen page of a magazine 日 誌 nisshi diary 書 誌 shoshi bibliography 地 誌 chishi a topography, geographical description ZATSU, ZŌ miscellany, a mix 雑 誌 zasshi magazine 雑 音 zatsuon noise, static 雑 感 zakkan miscellaneous thoughts/impressions 雑 草 zassō weeds 雑 木 林 zōkibayashi thicket of assorted trees , 7 SATSU, [SETSU], koro(su) kill [SAI]] lessen 自 殺 jisatsu suicide 暗 殺 ansatsu assassination 毒 殺 dokusatsu killing by poison 殺 人 satsujin a murder 人 殺 し hitogoroshi murder; murderer SETSU, mō(keru) establish, set up, prepare 設 立 setsuritsu establishment, founding 設 定 settei establishment, creation, setting 新 設 shinsetsu newly established/organized 私 設 shisetsu private 設 置 setchi establishment, founding, institution MEII command, fate, life MYŌ, inochii life 生 命 保 険 seimei (hoken) life (insurance) 運 命 unmei fate 使 命 shimei mission, errand 短 命 tanmei a short life 任 命 ninmei appointment, nomination NEN N thought, idea; desire; concern, attention 記 念 日 kinenbi memorial day, anniversary 記 念 切 手 kinen kitte commemorative stamp 理 念 rinen idea, doctrine, ideology 信 念 shinnen belief, faith, conviction 念 入り nen'iri careful, scrupulous, thorough 54 44, 498, , 5 37, 39,

157 و ى ي 589 3a0.5 Yv} / 4 35 ں 590 9a0. æv} / ձ 59 3c. d` /3 7 拂 59 a.5 A` /3 7 佛 Ժ 594 f3. I] / o5. qî] , 79, FUTSU, hara(u) pay; sweep away 払 底 futtei shortage, scarcity 支 払 い shiharai payment 前 払 い maebarai payment in advance 現 金 払 い genkinbarai cash payment 分 割 払 い bunkatsubarai payment in installments , 3 38, 58 BUTSU, hotoke Buddha [FUTSU]] (short for) France 仏 教 bukkyō Buddhism 大 仏 daibutsu great statue of Buddha 石 仏 sekibutsu, ishibotoke stone image of Buddha 念 仏 nenbutsu Buddhist prayer 日 仏 Nichi-Futsu Japanese-French KAN, hi(ru) get dry ho(su) dry; drink up (shio no) kanman tide, ebb and flow 干 潮 kanchō ebb/low tide 干 渉 kanshō interfere, meddle 若 干 jakkan some, a number of 物 干 し monohoshi frame for drying clothes ] զ GAN, nega(u) petition, request, desire 大 願 taigan great ambition, earnest wish 念 願 nengan one's heart's desire 出 願 shutsugan application 願 書 gansho written request, application 志 願 shigan application, volunteering, desire 潮 の 干 満 k. /36 8 GEN, minamoto source, origin 起 源 kigen origin 根 源 kongen origin 財 源 zaigen source of revenue 源 平 Gen-Pei Genji and Heike clans 源 氏 物 語 Genji Monogatari (The Tale of Genji) KAN N publish 週 刊 誌 shūkan(shi) weekly magazine 日 刊 紙 nikkan(shi) daily newspaper 夕 刊 yūkan evening newspaper/edition 新 刊 shinkan new publication 未 刊 行 mikankō unpublished GAN, kishii bank, shore, coast 西 岸 seigan west bank/coast 対 岸 taigan opposite shore 海 岸 kaigan seashore, coast 河 岸 kawagishi, kagan riverbank 川 岸 kawagishi riverbank , , 583 5, ,

158 ෩ ڋ 596 4c5.4 /4 3 Ӑ 597 d9.6 GvP /7 4 3 ӕ 598 4a9.8 KAI, mina all 皆 済 kaisai payment in full 皆 勤 kaikin perfect attendance (at work/school) 皆 無 kaimu nothing/none at all 皆 目 kaimoku utterly; (not) at all 皆 さん minasan everybody; Ladies and Gentlemen KAII stair, story, level 三 階 sangai, sankai third floor 階 段 kaidan stairs, stairway 段 階 dankai stage, phase 階 級 kaikyū social class 音 階 onkai musical scale KAII rule, model 楷 書 kaisho noncursive (kanji), printed style 3 tvp /4 4 3 Ꮐ 599 d7.6 GbP /7 3 ൠ 600 b Ж 60 4c7. / b6.6 é /54 39 ທ HEII steps (of the throne) 4, 97, 3 天 皇 陛 下 tennō heika H.M. the Emperor 40, 94, 3 国 王 陛 下 kokuō heika H.M. the King 0, 94, 3 女 王 陛 下 joō heika H.M. the Queen 両 陛 下 ryōheika Their Majesties the Emperor and Empress 00, 3 U, ha, hane feather; wing 羽 毛 umō feather, plumage 白 羽 shiraha white feather 羽 音 haoto flapping of wings 一 羽 ichiwa bird/rabbit 羽 田 Haneda (airport in Tōkyō) SHŪ, nara(u) learn 学 習 gakushū learning, study 独 習 dokushū learn on one s own, teach oneself 予 習 yoshū preparation of lessons 常 習 jōshū custom; habit 習 字 shūji penmanship, calligraphy YOKU U the next, following 翌 朝 yokuasa, yokuchō the next morning 翌 日 yokujitsu the next/following day 翌 翌 日 yokuyokujitsu two days later/thereafter 翌 年 yokunen the following year 翌 週 yokushū the following week, the week thereafter

159 a8.7 ùw / a4.8 ùs[ /67 40 譯 605 6b5.5 /6 40 ࡘ釋 606 6b.3 òì / 飜 607 4a.8 t e / a5. tä[ / a5. Ä[ /78 46 DAN N conversation 会 談 kaidan a conversation, conference 対 談 taidan face-to-face talk, conversation 談 話 danwa conversation 相 談 sōdan consultation 下 相 談 shitasōdan preliminary negotiations , 46 YAKU U translation wake reason; meaning; circumstances 通 訳 tsūyaku interpreting; interpreter 英 訳 eiyaku a translation into English 全 訳 zen'yaku a complete translation 訳 者 yakusha translator 言 い 訳 iiwake apology; excuse SHAKU U explanation, interpretation; release 解 釈 kaishaku comments, annotation 注 釈 chūshaku interpretation, construal 釈 明 shakumei explanation, vindication 釈 放 shakuhō release, discharge 保 釈 hoshaku bail HON N (tr.) turn over, translate hirugae(su) change (one's opinion), wave (a flag) hirugae(ru) (intr.) turn over; wave 604 翻 訳 hon'yaku translation, translate 06 翻 案 hon'an an adaptation 3 翻 意 hon'i change one's mind KYŌ, hashii bridge 歩 道 橋 hodōkyō pedestrian bridge 鉄 橋 tekkyō iron bridge; railway bridge 石 橋 ishibashi stone bridge つり橋 tsuribashi suspension bridge 日 本 橋 Nihonbashi (area of Tōkyō) CHŪ, hashira pillar, column, pole 支 柱 shichū prop, support, strut 電 柱 denchū utility/electric pole 水 銀 柱 suiginchū column of mercury 円 柱 enchū column, cylinder 大 黒 柱 daikokubashira central pillar, mainstay CHŪ Ū stop; reside 駐 車 場 chūshajō parking lot 駐 在 chūzai stay, residence 駐 日 chūnichi resident/stationed in Japan 進 駐 shinchū stationing, occupation , , , , 06 33,

160 60 66 ٠ ١ ٢ 60 0a9.6 v~o 4 37 專 6 k0. Ov~ / 4 37 ౯愽 6 3c8.5 d} / a0.3 çª / ӷ 64 5c3.7 ªû^ 觀 65 3n9.3 oû / ӹ覺 66 4e7. yû /45 68 ࠄ SEN, moppa(ra) entirely, exclusively 専 門 家 senmonka specialist, expert 専 任 sennin exclusive duty, full-time 専 制 sensei absolutism, despotism 専 売 senbai monopoly 専 用 駐 車 場 sen'yō (chūshajō) private (parking lot) HAKU, [BAKU]] extensive, broad; many 博 物 館 hakubutsukan museum 博 学 hakugaku broad knowledge, erudition 博 士 hakase, hakushi doctor 博 愛 hakuai philantrophy 万 博 banpaku international exhibition 6, , JU, sazu(keru) grant; teach sazu(karu) be granted/taught 授 業 jugyō teaching, instruction 教 授 kyōju instruction; professor 授 受 juju giving and receiving; transfer 授 与 juyo confer, award 授 賞 jushō awarding a prize KAKU, tashi(ka) certain tashi(kameru) make sure of, verify 確 立 kakuritsu establishment, settlement 確 定 kakutei decision, settlement 確 実 kakujitsu certain, reliable 確 信 kakushin firm belief, conviction 正 確 seikaku accurate, precise, correct KAN N appearance, view 観 光 kankō sight-seeing, tourism 外 観 gaikan (external) appearance 主 観 的 shukanteki subjective 楽 観 的 rakkanteki optimistic 観 念 kannen idea; sense (of duty/justice) KAKU, obo(eru) remember, bear in mind; learn; feel sa(meru), sa(masu) (intr./tr.) awake, wake up 感 覚 kankaku sense, sensation, feeling 直 覚 chokkaku intuition, insight 見 覚 え mioboe recognition, knowing by sight 目 覚 まし 時 計 mezamashi(dokei) alarm clock SHII seeing, regarding as 視 力 shiryoku visual acuity, eyesight 近 視 kinshi nearsightedness, shortsightedness 重 視 jūshi attach importance to, stress 無 視 mushi ignore, disregard 視 界 shikai field of vision , 0 359, , 4,

161 67 63 ٣ ٤ ٥ ٦ ٧ ٨ ٩ 67 5c6.9 û b. û_ / a9.4 Aû_ / a9.4 Yû_ / f4.4 I{ / a6.7 A{_ / m4.6 n _ /33 4 Է 6 KII standard, measure 規 定 kitei stipulations, provisions, regulations 定 規 jōgi ruler, square; standard, norm 正 規 seiki regular, normal, formal, legal 新 規 shinki new 法 規 hōki laws and regulations SOKU U rule, law 規 則 kisoku rule, regulation 原 則 gensoku general rule, principle 法 則 hōsoku a law 変 則 hensoku irregularity, anomaly 会 則 kaisoku rules of an association SOKU, gawa, kawa side 側 面 sokumen side, flank 側 近 者 sokkinsha one's close associates 左 側 hidarigawa left side 反 対 側 hantaigawa opposite side 日 本 側 Nihongawa the Japanese (side) 74 45, , 366 5, 5 SOKU, haka(ru) measure 測 量 sokuryō measurment, surveying 測 定 sokutei measuring 観 測 kansoku observation 目 測 mokusoku measurement by eye, estimation 予 測 yosoku estimate, forecast RETSU U row 列 車 ressha train 列 島 rettō chain of islands, archipelago 列 国 rekkoku world powers, nations 行 列 gyōretsu queue; procession; matrix 後 列 kōretsu back row REII example; custom, precedent tato(eru) compare 例 外 reigai exception 特 例 tokurei special case, exception 先 例 senrei previous example, precedent 例 年 reinen normal year; every year 条 例 jōrei regulations, ordinance KAN N completion 完 結 kanketsu completion 完 全 kanzen complete, perfect 完 成 kansei completion, accomplishment 未 完 成 mikansei incomplete, unfinished 完 敗 kanpai complete defeat , 6 50

162 ٮ ٯ 64 d7.9 Gn / Ў 65 4e0. y / m5. ny / e6.3 y{l / ޒ 68 d. Gy{ / ޘ 69 3m.6 ny{ / e. y@ /45 禮 IN N institution; house (of a legislature), parliament 38 病 院 byōin hospital 5 入 院 nyūin admission to a hospital 6, 09 大 学 院 daigakuin graduate school 4 寺 院 jiiin temple 両 院 ryōin both houses (of the Diet/ Congress/Parliament) 00 JI, SHI, shime(su) show 公 示 kōji public announcement 明 示 meiji clear statement 教 示 kyōji instruction, teaching 暗 示 anji hint, suggestion 示 談 jidan out-of-court settlement SHŪ Ū religion, sect SŌ head, leader 宗 教 shūkyō religion 宗 門 shūmon sect 宗 徒 shūto adherent, believer 改 宗 kaishū conversion, become a convert 宗 家 sōke the head family SAI, matsu(ru) deify, worship matsu(ri) festival 祭 日 saijitsu holiday; festival day 百 年 祭 hyakunensai centennial 文 化 祭 bunkasai cultural festival 秋 祭り akimatsuri autumn festival 後 の 祭り ato no matsuri Too late! 5 4, 45, SAII time, occasion kiwa side, brink, edge 国 際 kokusai international 交 際 kōsai association, company, acquaintance 実 際 jissai truth, reality, actual practice 水 際 mizugiwa water's edge, shore 際 立 つ kiwadatsu be conspicuous, stand out SATSU U surmise, judge, understand, sympathize 観 察 kansatsu observation 検 察 kensatsu criminal investigation, prosecution 視 察 shisatsu inspection, observation 考 察 kōsatsu consideration, examination 明 察 meisatsu discernment, keen insight REI, RAII courtesy; salutation; gratitude, remuneration 祭 礼 sairei religious festival 礼 式 reishiki etiquette 失 礼 shitsurei rudeness 非 礼 hirei impoliteness 無 礼 burei rudeness, impertinence, affront

163 ٱ ٲ ٳ ٴ ٵ ٶ 63 KI, ino(ru) pray 祈 念 kinen a prayer 祈 願 kigan a prayer 祈とう 書 kitō(sho) prayer (book) 祈り inori a prayer 主 の 祈り shu no inori the Lord's Prayer 4e4.3 y / e5.4 yu / g5. Ku@ / a5.3 tu /4 43 ݵ 635 3m6. nv / b5. Ci@ /5 7 न 637 b8.3 C}~ / 將 SO ancestor 祖 先 sosen ancestor, forefather 祖 母 / 父 sobo/fu grandmother/father 祖 国 sokoku one's homeland/fatherland 元 祖 ganso originator, founder, inventor 宗 祖 shūso founder of a sect , JO, tasu(keru) help, rescue tasu(karu) be helped, rescued suke assistance 00 助 力 joryoku help, assistance 66 助 言 jogen advice 57 助 手 joshu helper, assistant 59 助 け 合う tasukeau help each other SA investigate 調 査 chōsa investigation, inquiry, observation 検 査 kensa inspection, examination 査 問 samon inquiry, hearing 査 察 sasatsu inspection, observation 査 定 satei assessment SEN N announce 66 independence 宣 言 sengen declaration, manifesto 9,, 66 独 立 宣 言 dokuritsu sengen declaration of 440 宣 伝 senden propaganda; advertising, publicity 30 宣 戦 sensen declaration of war 45, 45 宣 教 師 senkyōshi a missionary JŌ condition, circumstances; form; letter 状 態 jōtai circumstances, situation 現 状 genjō present situation 白 状 hakujō confession 礼 状 reijō letter of thanks 招 待 状 shōtaijō written invitation SHŌ commander, general; soon 将 来 shōrai future 将 軍 shōgun shogun, general 大 将 taishō general, leader 将 校 shōkō officer 主 将 shushō (team) captain ,

164 ٷ ٸ ٹ ٺ ٻ ټ ٽ 638 3c9.4 dv] / a4.8 [ 34 ੫ 640 d9.5 Gvi / c9.5 dvi / a9.3 Yvi / 4 7 ஷ 643 a.0 Avi / a9. Yïv / 59 4 TEII present, submit sa(geru) carry (in the hand) 提 案 teian proposition, proposal 提 供 teikyō offer 提 議 teigi proposal, suggestion 提 出 teishutsu presentation, filing 前 提 zentei premise TAI, TA big futo(i) fat futo(ru) get fat 太 平 洋 Taiheiyō Pacific Ocean 皇 太 子 kōtaishi crown prince 太 古 taiko ancient times, antiquity 太 字 futoji thick character, boldface 太 刀 tachi (long) sword YŌ yang principle; active; positive; sun 太 陽 taiyō sun 陽 光 yōkō sunshine, sunlight 陽 気 yōki season, weather; cheerfulness, gaiety 陽 性 yōsei positive 陽 子 yōshi proton YŌ, a(geru) raise; fry a(garu) rise 高 揚 kōyō uplift, surge 揚 水 車 yōsuisha scoop wheel 意 気 揚 々 iki-yōyō triumphantly, exultantly 荷 揚 げ niage unloading, discharge, landing 引 き 揚 げ hikiage withdrawal, evacuation TŌ, yu hot water 湯 治 tōji hot-spring cure 湯 元 yumoto source of a hot spring 湯 船 yubune bathtub 茶 の 湯 cha no yu tea ceremony 湯 上 がり yuagari just after a bath , 89 97, , 33 3, SHŌ, kizu wound, injury ita(mu) hurt ita(meru) injure 59 負 傷 fushō wound, injury 57 傷 害 shōgai injury, damage 7, 556 重 / 軽 傷 jū/keishō severe/minor injuries 85, 64 死 傷 者 shishōsha the killed and injured, casualties ON, atata(kai), atata(ka) warm atata(meru) (tr.) warm up atata(maru) (intr.) warm up temperature 378 温 度 ondo temperature 34,, 6 気 / 水 / 体 温 ki/sui/tai-on air/water/body 66 温 室 onshitsu hothouse, greenhouse 4 温 和 onwa mild, gentle 6

165 پ ٿ ڀ ځ ڂ ڃ ڄ 645 4c9.4 v} / d4. ± ` / Э 647 4c. v± / c8.5 vb@ /4 649 p6. ÎvE /8 4 6 ۻ 650 3m7.3 nvg / ѐ 65 3m6.3 née / DAN, atata(kai), atata(ka) warm atata(meru) (tr.) warm up atata(maru) (intr.) warm up 464, 340 寒 暖 計 kandankei thermometer 644 温 暖 ondan warm 47 暖 流 danryū warm ocean current 467 暖 冬 dantō warm/mild winter UN, kumo cloud 9 風 雲 fūun wind and clouds; situation 348 暗 雲 an'un dark clouds 30 雨 雲 amagumo rain cloud 5, 49 入 道 雲 nyūdōgumo cumulonimbus, thunderhead 出 雲 大 社 Izumo Taisha Izumo Shrine (Shimane Pref.) 53, 6, 308 DON, kumo(ru) cloud up, get cloudy 4 曇 天 donten cloudy/overcast sky 曇りが ち kumorigachi mostly cloudy 曇りガ ラス kumori garasu ground/frosted/matte glass 花 曇り hanagumori cloudy weather in cherry-blossom season 55 SHO, atsu(i) hot (weather) 寒 暑 kansho cold and heat 暑 気 shoki the heat 暑 中 shochū middle of summer 大 暑 taisho Midsummer Day (about July 4) 暑 苦 し い atsukurushii oppressively hot, sultry KŌ, atsu(i) thick; kind, cordial 3 厚 意 kōi kind intentions, kindness 77 厚 顔 kōgan impudence, effrontery 厚 生 労 働 省 Kōsei-rōdō-shō Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare 44, 33, 3, 厚 紙 atsugami thick paper, cardboard EN N feast, banquet 宴 会 enkai dinner party, banquet 宴 席 enseki (one's seat in) a banquet hall 酒 宴 shuen feast, drinking bout きょう宴 kyōen banquet, feast, dinner KYAKU, KAKU U guest, customer 客 間 / 室 kyakuma/shitsu guest room 客 船 kyakusen passenger ship 乗 客 jōkyaku passenger 旅 客 ryokaku passenger, traveler 客 観 的 kyakkanteki objective , , 0

166 څ ڇ ڈ ډ ڊ 65 4i3.3 Ée /49 4 ӯ 653 4a6.7 tée / ӳ 654 0a3.8 O[ դ 655 4d.4 wb_ /44 6 య 656 g.6 Kb_ /8 6 ঙ 657 d8.4 Gb_ / c8.6 èb_ /55 6 KAKU, onoono each, every, various 各 地 kakuchi every area; various places 各 国 kakkoku all/various countries 各 種 kakushu every kind, various types 各 人 kakujin each person, everyone 各 自 kakuji each person, everyone KAKU, [KŌ]] status, rank; standard, rule; case (in grammar) 人 格 jinkaku personality, character 性 格 seikaku character, personality 価 格 kakaku price; value 合 格 gōkaku pass (an exam) 格 子 kōshi lattice, bars, grating, grille GAN N ball maru(i) round maru(meru) make round, form into a ball -maru (suffix for names of ships) 360 丸 薬 gan'yaku pill 639, 7, 67 丸 太 小 屋 marutagoya log cabin 5, 5 日 本 丸 Nihon-maru the ship Nihon 5 日 の 丸 Hi no Maru (Japanese) Rising-Sun Flag NETSU U heat, fever atsu(i) hot (object) 熱 病 netsubyō fever 高 熱 kōnetsu high fever 熱 湯 nettō boiling water 情 熱 jōnetsu passion 熱 心 nesshin enthusiasm, zeal SEI, ikio(i) force, energy, vigor; trend 勢 力 seiryoku influence, force 国 勢 kokusei state/condition of a country 情 勢 jōsei the situation 大 勢 taisei general situation/trend ōzei many people, large crowd RIKU U land 大 陸 tairiku continent, mainland 陸 上 rikujō land, ground 上 陸 jōriku landing, going ashore 陸 路 rikuro land route 陸 軍 rikugun army BOKU U getting along well together, harmonious, friendly, intimate 75 親 睦 shinboku friendship 75, 58 親 睦 会 shinbokukai social get-together 4 和 睦 waboku rapprochement, reconciliation, peace 64

167 ڌ ڍ ڎ ڏ ڐ ڑ ڒ 659 8a6. ßã /7 5 4 ৹錢 660 3a6.4 Yã / 5 4 淺 66 0a0. ã{ ߝ殘 66 4d8.0 w{i / d. w{i / ఴ 664 o5.3 we m7.8 nwe / SEN N money; /00 yen zenii money 金 銭 kinsen money 口 銭 kōsen commission, percentage 悪 銭 akusen ill-gotten money 銭 湯 sentō public bath 小 銭 kozeni small change SEN, asa(i) shallow 浅 海 senkai shallow sea 浅 見 senken superficial view 浅 学 sengaku superficial knowledge 浅 黒 い asaguroi dark-colored, swarthy 遠 浅 tōasa shoaling beach ZAN, noko(ru) remain noko(su) leave behind 残 念 zannen regret, disappointment; too bad 残 業 zangyō overtime 残 高 zandaka balance, remainder 残り物 nokorimono leftovers 生 き 残 る ikinokoru survive ZEN, NEN N as, like 全 然 zenzen (not) at all; completely 当 然 tōzen naturally, (as a matter) of course 必 然 hitsuzen inevitability, necessity 自 然 shizen nature 天 然 tennen natural NEN, mo(eru) (intr.) burn mo(yasu), mo(su) (tr.) burn 39 燃 料 nenryō fuel 94, 98 不 燃 性 funensei nonflammable, fireproof 390, 98 engine 可 燃 性 kanensei flammable, combustible 84, 537, 40 内 燃 機 関 nainen kikan internal-combustion 3 燃 え 上 が る moeagaru blaze up, burst into flames KOKU, tanii valley 谷 間 tanima valley 谷 底 tanisoko bottom of a ravine/gorge 谷 川 tanigawa mountain stream 長 谷 川 Hasegawa (surname) 四 谷 Yotsuya (area of Tōkyō) YŌ form, appearance; content 美 容 院 biyōin beauty parlor, hairdresser's 形 容 keiyō form; metaphor 内 容 naiyō content 容 器 yōki container 容 量 yōryō capacity, volume , ,

168 ړ ڔ ڕ ږ ڗ ژ ڙ 666 7b4.4 ûb / d.5 êûb / o0. RèÄ / ૮ 669 o8.4 RÄ / ݴ 670 6b8. òub / a8.8 Yub / 43 থ 67 7a8.8 ùub /67 43 র SEKII responsibility; censure se(meru) condemn, censure; torture 334 責 任 sekinin responsibility 7 重 責 jūseki heavy responsibility 35 責 務 sekimu duty, obligation 6 自 責 jiseki self-reproach, pangs of conscience 6 引 責 inseki assume responsibility SEKII accumulation; product (in math); size, volume tsu(moru) be piled up, accumulate tsu(mu) heap up, load 74 面 積 menseki (surface) area 336, 0 積 極 的 sekkyokuteki positive, active 63, 3 見 積 書 mitsumori(sho) (written) estimate 7 積 み 重 ね る tsumikasaneru stack up one on another CHAKU, [JAKU]] arrival; clothing ki(ru), tsu(keru) put on, wear ki(seru) dress (someone) tsu(ku) arrive 657 着 陸 chakuriku (airplane) landing 357 決 着 ketchaku conclusion, settlement, decision 79 着 物 kimono kimono; clothing 3 下 着 shitagi underwear SA difference sa(su) hold (an umbrella), wear (a sword), offer (a cup of saké) 4 時 差 jisa time difference/lag 67 差 別 sabetsu discrimination 4, 69 交 差 点 kōsaten intersection 38 差 し 支 え sashitsukae impediment; objection SEI, [SHŌ]] spirit; energy, vitality 精 力 seiryoku energy, vigor, vitality 精 神 seishin mind, spirit 精 液 seieki semen, sperm 精 進 shōjin diligence, devotion; purification 不 精 bushō sloth, laziness, indolence SEI, [SHŌ], kiyo(i) pure, clean, clear kiyo(meru) purify, cleanse kiyo(maru) be purified, cleansed 56 清 酒 seishu refined saké 3 清 書 seisho fair/clean copy 清 水 seisui, shimizu pure/clean water, 4 清 水 寺 Kiyomizu-dera (temple in Kyōto) SEI, SHIN, ko(u) ask for u(keru) receive 請 願 seigan petition, application 要 請 yōsei demand, requirement, request 申 請 shinsei application, petition 強 請 kyōsei importunate demand; extortion 下 請 け shitauke subcontract

169 ښ ڛ ڜ ڟ ڠ ڡ ڢ 673 4c8. vub /4 43 ড 674 4b0.9 ub /43 39 靜 675 3a6.8 Y ^ / 39 5 ध淨 676 5a5. çîl / a5.9 YÎL / i6. k O / a6. Y O / 39 SEII clear ha(reru) (intr.) clear up ha(rasu) (tr.) clear up 晴 天 seiten clear sky, fine weather 晴 曇 seidon changeable, fair to cloudy 秋 晴 れ akibare clear autumn weather 見 晴 らし miharashi view, vista 気 晴 らし kibarashi pastime, diversion SEI, [JŌ], shizu, shizu(ka) quiet, peaceful, still shizu(meru) make peaceful shizu(maru) become peaceful 79 静 物 seibutsu still life 485 静 止 seishi stillness, rest, stationary 05 安 静 ansei rest, quiet, repose 0 平 静 heisei calm, serenity JŌ pure 清 浄 seijō purity, cleanliness 浄 化 jōka purification 不 浄 fujō dirtiness, impurity 浄 土 宗 Jōdoshū the Jōdo sect (of Buddhism) , 66 HA, yabu(ru) tear, breakk yabu(reru) get torn/broken 破 産 hasan bankruptcy 破 局 hakyoku catastrophe, ruin 破 約 hayaku breach of contract/promise 破 れ 目 yabureme a tear, split 見 破 る miyaburu see through HA, namii wave 波 止 場 hatoba wharf, pier 電 波 denpa electric/radio wave 短 波 tanpa shortwave 波 長 hachō wavelength 波 乗り naminori surfing , RITSU, [RICHI]] law, regulation 法 律 hōritsu law 規 律 kiritsu order, discipline, regulations 不 文 律 fubunritsu unwritten law 韻 律 inritsu rhythm, meter 自 律 神 経 jiritsu shinkei autonomic nerve , 350 6, 30, 557 SHIN, tsu harbor; ferry 津 波 tsunami tsunami, "tidal" wave 興 味 津 々 kyōmi-shinshin very interesting 津 軽 半 島 Tsugaru hantō Tsugaru Peninsula , , 88, 86 ବ 67

170 ڣ ڤ ڥ ڦ ڧ ڨ 680 3a9.3 Ymj / 3 8 ܞ 68 3a9.5 ག灣 68 3e5.0 g O /5 39 ޅ 683 b8.4 C g , WAN N bay YjN / 8 KŌ, minato harbor, port 空 港 kūkō airport 商 / 軍 港 shō/gunkō trading/naval port 内 港 naikō inner harbor 港 内 kōnai in the harbor 港 町 minatomachi port city 7, 89 東 京 湾 Tōkyō-wan Tōkyō Bay 367 湾 曲 wankyoku curvature, bend 680 港 湾 kōwan harbor 680, 33, 3, 64 港 湾 労 働 者 kōwan rōdōsha port laborer, 50 longshoreman 台 湾 Taiwan Taiwan, Formosa SAI, tsuma wife 夫 妻 fusai husband and wife, Mr. and Mrs. 妻 子 saishi wife and child/children, family 後 妻 gosai second wife 良 妻 ryōsai good wife 老 妻 rōsai one's aged wife SEII awful, tremendous, terrible 凄 惨 seisan ghastly, gruesome, lurid 凄 絶 seizetsu ghastly, gruesome গ 684 BŌ, [MŌ]] die na(i) dead, deceased 死 亡 者 shibōsha the dead 亡 父 bōfu one's late father 亡 夫 bōfu one's late husband 未 亡 人 mibōjin widow 亡 命 bōmei fleeing one's country, going into exile j. N@ / ත 685 4f7.6 Ä{N /46 30 භ 686 4f9.9 Äõe /46 65 প 4 85, , 587 BŌ, MŌ, nozo(mu) desire, wish, hope for 志 望 shibō wish, aspiration 宿 望 shukubō long-cherished desire 要 望 yōbō demand, wish 失 望 shitsubō despair, disappointment 大 望 taimō great desire, ambition SEII holy 聖 人 seijin 神 聖 shinsei 聖 書 Seisho 聖 堂 seidō 聖 母 Seibo sage, holy man sacredness, sanctity the Bible Confucian temple; church the Holy Mother, the Blessed Mary 68

171 ൲ ک ڪ ګ ڬ ڭ ڮ 687 KIN N a cloth, rag, towel 584 雑 巾 zōkin wiping cloth, mopping rag 76 頭 巾 zukin hood, kerchief 07, 76 赤 頭 巾 akazukin red hood 07, 76 赤 頭 巾 ちゃ ん Akazukin(-chan) Little Red Riding 668 Hood 巾 着 kinchaku moneybag, purse 3f0. h / f. ho /6 ഘ 689 3f4. ho /6 ռ 690 5e0. ë /57 ϰ 69 a6. Aë /3 57 FU U spread; cloth nuno a cloth 財 布 saifu purse, wallet 布 巾 fukin dish towel, dishcloth 毛 布 mōfu a blanket 分 布 bunpu distribution, range 公 布 kōfu official announcement, promulgation KII hope, desire; rarity, scarcity 685 希 望 kibō wish, hope 44 希 少 kishō scarce, rare 44, 47, 43 希 少 価 値 kishō kachi scarcity value メ ー カ ー 希 望 価 格 mēkā kibō kakaku manufacturer's suggested price, list price 685, 47, 653 I, koromo garment, clothes 衣 類 irui clothing 黒 衣 kokui black clothes 法 衣 hōi priestly robes, vestment 衣 食 住 ishokujū food, clothing, and shelter 羽 衣 hagoromo robe of feathers , I, [E]] depend on, be due to; request 依 存 度 izon(do) (extent of) dependence 依 然として izen toshite as ever, as before 帰 依 kie faith, devotion; conversion 69, Ϝ 69 5e. ëk / a.6 óãv /6 5 श 4 SHO first; beginning haji(me) beginning haji(mete) for the first time hatsu-, ui- first -so(meru) begin to 63 最 初 saisho beginning, first 437 初 歩 shoho rudiments, ABCs 344 初 演 shoen first performance, premiere 58 初 恋 hatsukoi one's first love SHOKU, SHIKI, o(ru) weave 織 機 shokki loom 組 織 soshiki organization, structure; tissue 織 物 orimono cloth, fabric, textiles 毛 織 物 keori(mono) woolen fabric 羽 織 haori haori, Japanese half-coat ,

172 گ ڰ ڱ ڲ ڳ ڴ ڵ 694 7a.6 ùãv / ࠨ 695 6a9.3 ósm / ൯ 696 4b4.6 ugl / b5.9 éo 54 SHIKII know; discriminate 意 識 ishiki consciousness 知 識 chishiki knowledge 常 識 jōshiki common sense/knowledge 学 識 gakushiki learning 識 別 shikibetsu discrimination, recognition HEN N compile, edit a(mu) knit, crochet 編 集 henshū editing 短 編 小 説 tanpen shōsetsu short novel, story 編 成 hensei organizing, formation 編 み 物 amimono knitting; knitted goods 手 編 み teami knitting by hand , 7, FUKU U clothes, dress; obey, serve; dose 衣 服 ifuku clothing 洋 / 和 服 yō/wafuku Western/Japanese clothing 心 服 shinpuku admiration and devotion 着 服 chakufuku embezzlement, misappropriation 服 役 fukueki penal servitude; military service KŌ, saiwa(i), shiawa(se), sachii happiness, good fortune 幸 運 kōun good fortune, luck 不 幸 fukō unhappiness, misfortune , b9.6 éog 54 7 ඎ 699 3b8.5 é O d0.5 wen /44 4 ࢤ HŌ news, report; remuneration muku(iru) reward, requite 09 情 報 jōhō information 49, 537, 40 報 道 機 関 hōdō kikan news media, the press 4, 34, 397 天 気 予 報 tenki yohō weather forecast 4 報 知 hōchi information, news, intelligence 303 急 報 kyūhō telegram SHITSU, SHŪ Ū carry out, execute to(ru) take, grasp 執 行 shikkō execution, performance 執 権 shikken regent 執 心 shūshin devotion, attachment, infatuation 執 着 shūjaku, shūchaku attachment to; tenacity 執 念 shūnen tenacity of purpose; vindictiveness JUKU U ripe; mature u(reru) ripen, come to maturity 円 熟 enjuku maturity, mellowness 成 熟 seijuku ripeness, maturity 未 熟 mijuku unripe, immature, green 半 熟 hanjuku half-cooked, soft-boiled (egg) 熟 語 jukugo compound word; phrase

173 ڶ ڷ ڸ ڹ ں ڻ ڼ 70 JII word; resignation ya(meru) quit, resign 辞 書 / 典 jisho/ten dictionary お 世 辞 (o)seji compliment, flattery éeo 式 辞 shikiji address, oration /54 4 辞 職 jishoku resignation 辞 表 jihyō (letter of) resignation 5b8.4 ࠤ辭 70 3d4. eo@ /4 ລ亂 703 3d4.8 eb@ /4 ݍ 704 q7. Ueb /9 4 3, RAN N disorder; riot, rebellion mida(reru) be in disorder, be confused/disorganized mida(su) put in disorder/confusion 反 乱 hanran rebellion, insurgency, insurrection 内 乱 nairan internal strife, civil war; disorder, confusion 乱 筆 ranpitsu hasty writing, scrawl KOKU, tsu(geru) tell, announce, inform 報 告 hōkoku report 通 告 tsūkoku notice, notification 申 告 shinkoku report, declaration, (tax) return 告 発 kokuhatsu prosecution, indictment, accusation 告 白 kokuhaku confession, avowal, profession ZŌ, tsuku(ru) produce, build 製 造 seizō manufacture, production 造 船 zōsen shipbuilding 木 造 mokuzō made of wood, wooden 人 造 jinzō man-made, artificial 手 造り tezukuri handmade SEN, ara(u) wash 559 洗 剤 senzai detergent senmenki wash basin 74, 536 洗 面 器 Yb_ 74, 53 洗 面 所 senmenjo washroom, lavatory / 6 57 お 手 洗 い (o)tearai washroom, lavatory 洗 い 立 てる araitateru inquire into, rake up, ferret out 3a a3.5 Y] / 4 ѥ 707 3q. Ã` /8 7 廣 O, kitana(i), kega(rawashii) dirtyy yogo(reru), kega(reru) become dirtyy yogo(su), kega(su) make dirty 386 汚 職 oshoku corruption, bribery 79 汚 物 obutsu dirt, filth; sewage 69 汚 点 oten blot, blotch, blemish, tarnish 8 汚 名 omei stigma, stain on one's name, dishonor KŌ, hiro(i) broad, wide hiro(geru) extend, enlarge hiro(garu) spread, expand hiro(meru) broaden, propagate hiro(maru) spread, be propagated 703 広 告 kōkoku advertisement 6 広 大 kōdai vast, extensive, huge 54 広 場 hiroba plaza, public square 7

174 ڽ ھ ڿ ۀ ہ ۃ 708 6a5. óì /6 58 ޔ 709 4a4.6 t_` /4 6 7 枩 70 6a8.0 óá_ /6 5 6 總 7 3m8.7 ná_ / ਸ窗 7 3a. Yμ / 79 מ 73 a8.9 μe} / ڀ 74 a6.7 μä_ / SAII narrow, small, fine hoso(i) thin, narrow, slender hoso(ru) get thinner koma(kai), koma(ka) small, detailed 委 細 isai details, particulars 細 説 saisetsu detailed explanation 細 工 saiku work, workmanship; artifice, trick 細 長 い hosonagai long and thin, lean and lanky SHŌ, matsu pine 松 原 matsubara pine grove 松 林 matsubayashi pine woods 松 葉 matsuba pine needle 門 松 kadomatsu pine decoration for New Year's 松 島 Matsushima (scenic coastal area near Sendai) SŌ general, overall 58 総 会 sōkai general meeting, plenary session 59 総 合 sōgō synthesis, comprehensive 340 product 総 計 sōkei (sum) total 国 内 総 生 産 kokunai sōseisan gross domestic 40, 77, 44, 総 理 sōri prime minister SŌ, mado window 同 窓 生 dōsōsei fellow graduate (of the same school), 98, 44 former classmate, alumnus 33 車 窓 shasō car window 54 窓 口 madoguchi (ticket) window 3, 7 二 重 窓 nijūmado double window 窓 際 の 席 madogiwa no seki seat next to the window 68, 380 GYO, RYŌ fishing 漁 業 gyogyō fishery, fishing industry 漁 船 gyosen fishing boat/vessel 漁 場 gyojō fishing ground/banks 漁 村 gyoson fishing village 漁 師 ryōshi fisherman GEI, kujira whale 鯨 肉 geiniku whale meat 鯨 油 geiyu whale oil 鯨 飲 geiin drink like a fish, guzzle 白 鯨 Hakugei (Moby Dick, or The White Whale Melville) SEN, aza(yaka) fresh, vivid, clear, brilliant 新 鮮 shinsen fresh 鮮 明 senmei clear, distinct 鮮 度 sendo (degree of) freshness 鮮 魚 sengyo fresh fish 朝 鮮 Chōsen Korea

175 75 7 ۄ ۅ ۆ ۇ ۈ ۉ ۊ 75 q9.7 UÄs / 遲 76 5c9.3 è~u / o0.3 ~_ i8.4 Éme / a.7 ùém / ٺ 70 e7. H^O /7 5 CHI, oso(i) late, tardy; slow oku(reru) be late (for); be slow (clock) oku(rasu) defer; put back (a clock) 54 遅 配 chihai delay in apportioning/delivery 668 遅 着 chichaku late arrival 乗り遅 れ る noriokureru be too late to catch, miss (a bus/train) 53 DŌ, michibi(ku) lead, guide 主 導 shudō leadership, guidance 先 導 sendō guidance, leadership 導 入 dōnyū introduction 導 火 線 dōkasen fuse; cause, occasion 半 導 体 handōtai semiconductor SON, tatto(bu), tōto(bu) value, esteem, respect tatto(i), tōto(i) valuable, precious, noble, august 尊 重 sonchō value, respect, pay high regard to 自 尊 心 jison(shin) self-respect, pride 尊 大 sondai haughtiness, arrogance 本 尊 honzon Buddha; idol; he himself, she herself , 99 88, 6 7 6, KEI, uyama(u) respect, revere 尊 敬 sonkei respect, deference 敬 意 keii respect, homage 敬 老 keirō respect for the aged 敬 遠 keien keep at a respectful distance 敬 語 keigo an honorific, term of respect KEII admonish, warn 警 察 keisatsu police 警 官 keikan policeman 警 視 keishi police superintendent 警 告 keikoku warning, admonition 警 報 keihō warning (signal), alarm oro(su) sell wholesale oroshii wholesaling 卸 商 oroshishō wholesaler 卸 値 oroshine wholesale price 卸 し 売り物 価 oroshiuri bukka wholesale prices , 79, i9. kg^ /9 7 ۥ 5 GYO, GO, on- (honorific prefix) 制 御 seigyo control, governing, suppression 御 飯 gohan boiled rice; meal 御 用 の 方 goyō no kata customer, inquirer 御 所 gosho imperial palace 御 中 onchū Dear sirs:, Gentlemen:, Messrs ,

176 7 78 ۋ ی ۍ ێ ۏ ې ۑ 7 KA add, append; (short for) Canada, California kuwa(eru) join, take part (in) kuwa(waru) increase; join in 5 加 入 kanyū joining 39 加 工 kakō processing 87 倍 加 baika doubling 付 加 価 値 税 fukakachi-zei value-added tax 9, 47, 43, 403 g3. Ke /8 4 Ҏ 73 3j5. l ` / ߋ參 74 0a5.30 m` 3 7 辯 75 3b.3 bìv / m9.5 nìe / ഖ冨 77 f9. Iìe / സ 78 3a9.37 Yãe / 5 ڹ 4 SAN N three (in documents), go, come, visit mai(ru) go, come, visit, visit a temple/shrine 7 参 加 sanka participation 6 参 列 sanretsu attendance, presence 550, 3 参 考 書 sankōsho reference book/work 9, 64 参 議 院 Sangiin (Japanese) House of Councilors BEN N speech, dialect; discrimination; petal; valve 弁 当 bentō box/sack lunch 駅 弁 ekiben box lunch sold at a train station 答 弁 tōben reply, answer 弁 解 benkai explanation, justification, excuse 関 西 弁 Kansai-ben Kansai dialect/accent , 7 ZŌ, ma(su), fu(eru) increase, rise fu(yasu) increase, raise 増 加 zōka increase, rise, growth 増 産 zōsan increase in production 増 税 zōzei tax increase 増 進 zōshin increase, furtherance, improvement FU, [FŪ]] wealth tomii wealth; lottery ticket to(mu) be/become 40 rich 国 富 kokufu national wealth 7 富 強 fukyō wealth and power (of a nation) 00 富 力 furyoku wealth, resources 64 富 者 fusha rich person, the wealthy 58, 34 富 士 山 Fuji-san Mount Fuji FUKU U assistant, accompany, supplement 副 社 長 fukushachō company vice-president 副 業 fukugyō side business, sideline 副 産 物 fukusanbutsu by-product 副 作 用 fukusayō side effects 副 題 fukudai subtitle, subheading 308, , 79 36, GEN, he(ru) decrease, diminish he(rasu) decrease, shorten zōgen increase and/or decrease kagen addition and subtraction; state of health genshō decrease, reduction hangen reduction by half genpō subtraction (in math) 増減 加減 減少 半減 減法

177 ے ۓ ە 79 o8.5 Rï /6 59 ф 730 5h8. ïvu / ธ 73 7a6.3 ùã /67 5 ম 73 5h6. ïã /59 5 ন 733 3b6. bã / 5 ञ 734 3m7.5 ne@ / n9. oe /35 4 б 0 EKI, [YAKU]] profit, use, advantage 利 益 rieki profit, advantage 公 益 kōeki the public good 有 益 yūeki useful, beneficial, profitable 無 益 mueki useless, in vain 益 鳥 ekichō beneficial bird MEII oath, alliance 連 盟 renmei league, federation 同 盟 dōmei alliance, confederation 加 盟 kamei joining, affiliation 盟 主 meishu the leader, leading power 盟 約 meiyaku pledge, pact; alliance SEI, makoto truth, reality, sincerity, fidelity 誠 実 seijitsu sincere, faithful, truthful 誠 意 seii sincerity, good faith 誠 心 誠 意 seishin-seii sincerely, wholeheartedly 誠 に makoto ni truly, indeed; sincerely; very , 3 SEI, [JŌ], saka(n) prosperous, energetic saka(ru) flourish, prosper mo(ru) serve (food), heap up 6 盛 大 seidai thriving, grand, magnificent 89 全 盛 zensei height of prosperity, zenith, heyday 63, 456 最 盛 期 saiseiki golden age, zenith 55 花 盛り hanazakari in full bloom, at its best JŌ, shiro castle 城 下 町 jōkamachi castle town 城 主 jōshu feudal lord of a castle 開 城 kaijō surrender of a fortress, capitulation 城 門 jōmon castle gate 古 城 kojō old castle KYŪ, GŪ, [KU], miya shrine; palace; prince 宮 城 kyūjō imperial palace 神 宮 jingū Shintō shrine 御 宮 参り omiyamairi taking one's baby to a shrine 宮 城 県 Miyagi-ken Miyagi Prefecture 子 宮 shikyū uterus, womb 3, , , EII run (a business); build; camp, barracks itona(mu) conduct (business), perform; build 557 経 営 keiei management, administration 445 運 営 un'ei operation, management, running 79 営 業 eigyō (running a) business 39 営 利 eiri profit, profit-making 75

178 n6. ot / ж榮 737 b EI, ha(e) glory, honor, splendor ha(eru) shine, be brilliant saka(eru) thrive, prosper 栄 養 eiyō nutrition 光 栄 kōei honor, glory 栄 光 eikō glory 見 栄 え mibae outward appearance KYŪ, moto(meru) seek, want, request, demand 請 求 seikyū a claim, demand 要 求 yōkyū demand 求 職 kyūshoku seeking employment, job hunting 求 人 kyūjin job offer, Help Wanted 探 求 tankyū research, investigation KYŪ, suku(u) rescue, aid 救 急 kyūkyū first aid 救 助 kyūjo rescue, relief 救 済 kyūsai relief, aid, redemption, salvation 救 命 ボ ート kyūmei bōto lifeboat 救 世 軍 Kyūseigun Salvation Army , 444 KYŪ, tama ball, sphere 野 球 yakyū baseball Ä Y 球 場 kyūjō baseball stadium, ballpark 軽 気 球 (kei)kikyū (hot-air/helium) balloon /46 地 球 chikyū the earth, globe 北 半 球 kita-hankyū Northern Hemisphere , , 88 4i7. ÉY / f a3.4 AÄã / GII rule; ceremony; affair, matter 礼 儀 reigi politeness, courtesy, propriety 礼 儀 正 し い reigitadashii courteous, decorous 儀 式 gishiki ceremony, formality, ritual 儀 典 長 gitenchō chief of protocol 地 球 儀 chikyūgi a globe , , 95 8, 739 GII sacrifice 4g3. ÅÄã / 犧 74 4g5. Åb^ /47 SEII sacrifice 犠 牲 gisei sacrifice 犠 牲 者 giseisha victim 5 দ , 64

179 ۥ ۦ 743 4c5.7 vb^ /4 5 ঠ 744 BOKU, makii pasture 牧 場 bokujō, makiba pasture, meadow 牧 草 地 bokusōchi pasture, grassland, meadowland 放 牧 hōboku pasturage, grazing 牧 羊 者 bokuyōsha sheep raiser, shepherd 牧 師 bokushi pastor, minister 4g4. ÅÉ / a4.4 AÅ /3 47 ڐ 746 n6. Qe_ /5 4 6 ฟ 747 q8.6 Ue^ /9 4 5 Ͼ 748 n8. Qe_ /5 4 6 ൴ 749 4c8.3 ve^ /4 4 SEI, [SHŌ], hoshii star 火 星 kasei Mars 明 星 myōjō morning star, Venus す い 星 suisei comet 流 れ 星 nagareboshi shooting star, meteor 星 空 hoshizora starry sky , , KEN N matter, affair, case 事 件 jiken incident, affair, case 条 件 jōken condition, terms, stipulation 要 件 yōken important matter; condition, requisite 用 件 yōken (item of) business 案 件 anken matter, case, item MEN, manuka(reru) escape, avoid, be exempt from 御 免 gomen pardon; declining, refusal 免 責 menseki exemption from responsibility 免 税 menzei tax exemption 免 状 menjō diploma; license 免 職 menshoku dismissal from one's job/ office ITSU U idleness; diverge, deviate from 逸 話 itsuwa anecdote 逸 品 ippin superb article, masterpiece 放 逸 hōitsu self-indulgence, licentiousness 独 逸 Doitsu Germany BEN N effort, hard work 勉 強 benkyō studying; diligence; sell cheap 勉 強 家 benkyōka diligent student; hard worker 勉 学 bengaku study, pursuit of one's studies 勤 勉 kinben industriousness, diligence, hard work BAN N evening, night 今 晩 konban this evening, tonight 毎 晩 maiban every evening 一 晩 hitoban a night, all night 朝 晩 asaban mornings and evenings, day and night 晩 年 bannen latter part of one's life ,

180 a4.3 ù^o /67 5 כ 75 7a7.0 ùák / న 75 n0. Qei /5 4 7 ऐ 753 a.8 Aei / a6.3 t^ /4 5 ԝ 755 6a6. ós^ / a8. ótv /6 4 4 KYO, yuru(su) permit, allow 免 許 menkyo permission, license 許 可 kyoka permission, approval, authorization 許 容 kyoyō permission, tolerance 特 許 tokkyo special permission; patent 特 許 法 tokkyo-hō patent law , 3 NIN, mito(meru) perceive; recognize; approve of 認 可 ninka approval 認 定 nintei approval, acknowledgment 確 認 kakunin confirmation, certification 公 認 kōnin official recognition/sanction 認 識 ninshiki cognition, recognition, perception SHŌ image, shape ZŌ elephant 具 象 的 gushōteki concrete, embodied 現 象 genshō phenomenon 対 象 taishō object, subject, target 気 象 kishō weather; disposition, temperament 気 象 学 kishōgaku meteorology 46, , 09 ZŌ statue, image 仏 像 butsuzō statue/image of Buddha 画 像 gazō portait, picture, image 自 画 像 jigazō self-portrait 受 像 機 juzōki television set 想 像 sōzō imagination , , kabu share, stock; stump 534, 58, 308 株 式 会 社 kabushiki-gaisha Co., Ltd. 55 株 券 kabuken share, stock certificate 55 shareholders 株 主 kabunushi stockholder 55, 70, 58 株 主 総 会 kabunushi sōkai general meeting of 39 切り株 kirikabu (tree) stump, (grain) stubble ZETSU, ta(eru) die out, end ta(tsu) cut off, interrupt; eradicate ta(yasu) kill off, let die out 366 絶 対 zettai absolute 6 絶 大 zetsudai greatest, immense 685 絶 望 zetsubō despair 8 中 絶 chūzetsu termination; abortion REN, ne(ru) knead; train; polish up 練 習 renshū practice, exercise 教 練 kyōren (military) drill 試 練 shiren trial, test, ordeal 熟 練 jukuren practiced skill, expertness, mastery 洗 練 senren polish, refine

181 ۮ ۯ ۰ ۱ ۲ ۳ ۴ 757 4c8. v / b8.6 û /68 34 ߘ贊 759 3p4.4 rs@ / 40 ফ聲 760 6f8.7 úèm / ߔ 76 7b5.9 ûãa / ઊ 76 7b5.4 ûj_ / b6.7 ûéc /68 49 ࠊ 5 TAI, ka(eru) replace ka(waru) be replaced 代 替 daitai, daigae substitution 両 替 ryōgae exchanging/changing money 着 替 える kigaeru, kikaeru change clothes 切り替 え kirikae renewal, changeover 取り替 え torikae exchange, swap, replacement SAN N praise, agreement 賛 成 sansei agreement, approbation 賛 助 sanjo support, backing 協 賛 kyōsan approval, consent, support 賞 賛 shōsan praise, admiration 賛 美 sanbi praise, glorification SEI, [SHŌ], koe, [kowa-]] voice 声 明 seimei declaration, statement, proclamation 名 声 meisei fame, reputation 音 声 学 onseigaku phonetics 声 変 わり koegawari change/cracking of voice 声 色 kowairo imitated/assumed voice SAN N calculate 計 算 keisan 公 算 kōsan 予 算 yosan 清 算 seisan 暗 算 anzan calculation, computation probability, likelihood an estimate; budget exact calculation; (fare) adjustment mental arithmetic/ calculation TAI, ka(su) rent out, lend 貸 与 taiyo lend, loan 貸 し 家 kashiya house for rent, rented house 貸 し ボ ート kashibōto boat for rent, rented boat 貸 し 出 す kashidasu lend/hire out 貸 し 切り kashikiri reservations, booking , HII expenses, cost tsui(yasu) spend tsui(eru) be wasted 557 経 費 keihi expenses, cost 07 費 用 hiyō expense, cost 生 活 費 seikatsuhi living expenses, cost of living; heating and lighting expenses 44, 37 旅 費 ryohi traveling expenses SHII resources, capital, funds 資 源 shigen resources 資 本 主 義 shihon(shugi) capital(ism) 資 金 shikin funds 物 資 busshi goods, (raw) materials 資 格 shikaku qualification, competence , 55,

182 ۵ ۶ ۷ ۸ ۹ ۺ ۻ 764 7b6.6 ûäa / b4.5 ûap / Ҫ 766 o9.5 û_k / ഌ 767 CHIN N rent, wages; fare, fee 賃 金 chingin wages, pay 賃 上 げ chin'age raise in wages 運 賃 unchin passenger fare; shipping charges 電 車 賃 denshachin train fare 家 賃 yachin rent KA freight; goods, property 貨 物 kamotsu freight 百 貨 店 hyakkaten department store 通 貨 tsūka currency 外 貨 gaika foreign goods/currency 銀 貨 ginka silver coin , , HIN, BIN, mazu(shii) poor 貧 富 hinpu poverty and wealth, the rich and poor 貧 困 hinkon poverty, need 貧 弱 hinjaku poor, meager, scanty 貧 相 hinsō poor-looking, seedy 清 貧 seihin honest poverty BŌ, tobo(shii) scanty, meager, scarce 貧 乏 binbō poor 欠 乏 ketsubō shortage, deficiency ඬ 768 4a5.36 tek /4 4 8 Ҙ 769 7b5.0 ûek / ҷ 770 h. L@ /9 收 KA, ka(keru) hang, build (bridge) ka(karu) hang, be built 586 架 設 kasetsu construction, laying 607 架 橋 kakyō bridge building 3 書 架 shoka bookshelf, 0, 753 十 字 架 像 jūjikazō crucifix 40 架 空 kakū overhead, aerial; fanciful GA congratulations, felicitations 賀 状 gajō greeting card 年 賀 nenga New Year's greetings 年 賀 状 nengajō New Year's card 賀 正 gashō New Year's greetings 志 賀 高 原 Shiga Kōgen Shiga Plateau , , 90, 36 SHŪ, osa(meru) obtain, collect osa(maru) be obtained, end 38 収 支 shūshi income and expenditures 5 収 入 shūnyū income, receipts, revenue, earnings 79 収 益 shūeki earnings, proceeds, profit 665 収 容 shūyō admission, accommodation 80

183 ۼ ۿ ༡ 77 6a4.5 óa /6 3 0 ఽ 77 EKII divination I, yasa(shii) easy 易 者 ekisha fortune-teller 不 易 fueki immutability, unchangeableness 交 易 kōeki trade, commerce, barter 容 易 yōi easy, simple 難 易 度 nan'i(do) (degree of) difficulty 4c4.9 vi /4 7 Ϧ 773 7b5.8 ûîk / ව 774 5f5.4 ìîk / ໄ畄 775 7b5. ûn] /68 33 NŌ, [TŌ], [NA], [NA'], [NAN], osa(meru) pay; supply; accept, store osa(maru) be paid (in), supplied 403 納 税 nōzei payment of taxes 53 出 納 suitō receipts and disbursements 375 納 得 nattoku accept, become persuaded/convinced 67 納 屋 naya (storage) shed BŌ exchange, trade 貿 易 bōeki foreign trade, trade 自 由 貿 易 jiyū bōeki free trade 貿 易 会 社 bōeki-gaisha trading firm/company 貿 易 収 支 bōeki shūshi balance of trade 日 米 貿 易 Nichi-Bei bōeki Japan-U.S. trade , , 364, 77 77, 58, , 770, 38 5, 4, 77 RYŪ, [RU], to(meru) fasten down, hold, keep (in) to(maru) stay, settle 09 留 学 ryūgaku study abroad 499 留 守 rusu absence from home 3 書 留 kakitome registered mail 70 局 留 め kyokudome general delivery CHO storage 貯 金 chokin savings, deposit 貯 水 池 chosuichi reservoir 3, JI, e, esa feed, food; bait 食 餌 shokuji diet, food 餌 食 ejiki food, bait, prey 8b6. õ 3 3 /77 65 Я 777 3q. Ã] /8 4 ଊ廳 CHŌ government office, agency 官 庁 kanchō government office, agency 県 庁 kenchō prefectural office 気 象 庁 Kishōchō Meteorological Agency 警 視 庁 Keishichō Metropolitan Police Department 教 皇 庁 Kyōkōchō the Vatican , 75 79, 66 45, 97

184 k5.8 mv /3 4 ঽ 779 4k8. ávm / a8. Avm /3 4 3 ࡑ 78 4i8. Éum / ߏ 78 a0.4 Aum / a3. æ_@ / q4.4 Ã] /8 4 SEKI, [SHAKU], mukashii antiquity, long ago 今 昔 konjaku past and present 大 昔 ōmukashi remote antiquity, time immemorial 昔 々 mukashi-mukashi Once upon a time... 昔 話 mukashi-banashi old tale, legend 昔 の 事 mukashi no koto thing of the past SEKI, o(shii) regrettable; precious; wasteful o(shimu) regret; value; begrudge; be sparing of 惜 敗 sekihai narrow defeat (after a hard-fought contest); be loath to part 口 惜 し い kuchioshii regrettable, vexing 59 負 け 惜 し み makeoshimi unwillingness to admit defeat SHAKU, ka(riru) borrow, rent 借 金 shakkin debt 借 財 shakuzai debt 貸 借 taishaku debits and credits 転 借 tenshaku subleasing 賃 借 / 借り chinshaku/gari lease , 764 SAN N scatter, disperse chi(rakasu) scatter, strew chi(rakaru) lie scattered, be in disorder chi(rasu) (tr.) scatter chi(ru) (intr.) scatter 48 解 散 kaisan breakup, dissolution, disbanding 散 文 sanbun prose 437 散 歩 sanpo walk, stroll BI, sona(eru) furnish, provide (for) sona(waru) possess 586 設 備 setsubi equipment, facilities 5 整 備 seibi maintenance, servicing 444 軍 備 gunbi military preparations, armaments 397, 76 予 備 費 yobihi reserves, reserve funds 550 備 考 bikō explanatory notes, remarks JUN N order, sequence 85 順 番 junban order, one's turn 順 位 jun'i ranking, standing 67 語 順 gojun word order 五 十 音 順 gojū-on jun in order of the kana syllabary 7,, 順 調 junchō favorable, smooth, without a hitch JO beginning; preface; order; precedence 順 序 junjo order, method, procedure 序 説 josetsu introduction, preface 序 論 joron introduction, preface 序 文 jobun preface, foreword, introduction 序 曲 jokyoku overture, prelude

185 a3.6 / c4.8 KUN N Japanese reading of a kanji; teaching, precept 訓 育 kun'iku education, discipline 教 訓 kyōkun teaching, precept, moral 訓 練 kunren training 訓 読 み kun-yomi kun reading (of a kanji) 音 訓 on-kun Chinese and Japanese readings , JUN, tate shield 後 ろ 盾 ushirodate support, backing; supporter, backer 48 èîo / a5.6 4 MU, hoko halberd 矛 盾 mujun contradiction 矛 先 hokosaki point of a spear; aim of an attack JŪ, NYŪ, yawa(rakai), yawa(raka) soft 柔 道 jūdō judo 柔 術 jūjutsu jujitsu 柔 弱 nyūjaku weakness, enervation 柔 和 nyūwa gentle, mild(-mannered) 物 柔 ら か mono-yawaraka mild(-mannered), quiet, gentle ฎ 788 4a5.34 t] / q. UK /9 8 ൰邊 790 q.3 UA /9 3 ݛ 79 q3.3 U@ /9 HEN, ata(ri), -be vicinity 近 辺 kinpen neighborhood, vicinity 周 辺 shūhen periphery, environs 辺 地 henchi remote place, out-of-the-way place 多 辺 形 tahenkei polygon 海 辺 umibe beach, seashore , ko(mu) be crowded, congested ko(meru) include, count in; load (a gun); concentrate 56 巻 き 込 む makikomu entangle, involve, implicate 59 払 い 込 む haraikomu pay in 309 申し 込 み mōshikomi proposal, offer, application 63 見 込 み mikomi prospects, outlook JUN, megu(ru) go around 巡 回 junkai tour, patrol, one's rounds 巡 視 junshi tour of inspection, round of visits 巡 査 junsa policeman, cop 巡 礼 junrei pilgrimage; pilgrim 巡 業 jungyō tour (of a troupe/team)

186 ܐ ܒ ܓ ܔ ܕ ڞ 79 k. OªY / 73 JUN N semi-, quasi-; level; correspond (to) 水 準 suijun water level; level, standard 基 準 kijun standard, criterion 規 準 kijun criterion, standard, norm 準 備 junbi preparation 準 決 勝 junkesshō semifinal game/round , SEN, so(maru) dye, color so(meru) be dyed, imbued shi(miru) soak into; be infected; smart; hurt shi(mi) stain, blot, 4a5.35 smudge tyo 6, 34, 706 汚 染 (taiki) osen (air) pollution /4 大 気 440, 38 伝 染 病 densenbyō contagious disease 6 感 染 kansen infection ০ 794 3k8.6 mv] /3 4 4 Ѷ 795 4a.3 tvm /4 4 3 Ѯ 796 0a6.6 b 0 ށ 797 7a0.3 ùmb / o5.6 R /6 50 KŌ, Ō, ki, [ko]] yellow 黄 葉 kōyō yellow (autumn) leaves 黄 熱 病 (k)ōnetsu(byō) yellow fever 黄 金 ōgon, kogane gold 黄 色 kiiro yellow 黄 身 kimi egg yolk Ō, yoko side; horizontal direction 専 横 sen'ō arbitrariness, tyranny 横 道 yokomichi side street; side issue, digression 横 切 る yokogiru cross, traverse 横 顔 yokogao profile 横 目 yokome side glance; amorous glance SAI, [SA], futata(bi) once more, again, twice 再 会 saikai meeting again, reunion 再 開 saikai reopening 再 編 成 saihensei reorganization 再 婚 saikon second marriage, remarriage 再 来 週 saraishū week after next KŌ lecture; study 講 義 kōgi lecture 講 演 kōen lecture, address 講 師 kōshi lecturer, instructor 講 堂 kōdō lecture hall 講 和 kōwa (make) peace HEI, HYŌ soldier; warfare 兵 器 heiki weapon 兵 士 heishi soldier 歩 兵 hohei infantry; infantryman, foot soldier 志 願 兵 shiganhei a volunteer (soldier) 兵 役 heieki military service, conscription , , , ,

187 ܖ ܗ ܘ ܙ ܚ ܛ ܜ 799 3a7.7 Y _ / 50 6 ഊ濱 HIN, hama beach 海 浜 kaihin seashore, beach 京 浜 Kei-Hin Tōkyō Yokohama 横 浜 Yokohama (port city near Tōkyō) 浜 辺 hamabe beach, seashore 浜 田 Hamada (surname) ZA seat; theater; constellation suwa(ru) sit down 380 3q7. 座 席 zaseki seat à b A 座 談 会 zadankai round-table discussion, symposium 603, 58 50, 57, 797 通 信 講 座 (tsūshin) kōza (correspondence) / course 口 座 kōza (savings) account 33 銀 座 Ginza (area of Tōkyō) ݽ 80 j6. NAO / 3 卆 80 j9. NCO / h. ï@ /59 ڍ 804 a0.7 AO /3 ߊ 805 a6.3 Abe /3 4 ࡂ舍 SOTSU U soldier, private; end 79 examination 卒 業 sotsugyō graduation 79, 535, 54 卒 業 試 験 sotsugyō shiken graduation 79, 493, 3 卒 業 証 書 sotsugyō shōsho diploma 8 卒 中 sotchū cerebral stroke, apoplexy 798 兵 卒 heisotsu a private, common soldier SOTSU U lead; light, easy; sudden RITSU U rate, proportion hiki(iru) lead, command 49 率 直 sotchoku straightforward, frank 556 軽 率 keisotsu rash, hasty, heedless 387 能 率 nōritsu efficiency 6, 95 成 長 率 seichōritsu rate of growth KETSU, chii blood 血 液 ketsueki blood 血 管 kekkan blood vessel 内 出 血 (nai)shukketsu (internal) hemorrhage 止 血 剤 shiketsuzai a hemostatic, styptic (agent) 流 血 ryūketsu bloodshed SAN, kasa umbrella 傘 下 sanka affiliated 日 傘 higasa parasol 雨 傘 amagasa umbrella 傘 立 て kasatate umbrella stand こうもり傘 kōmorigasa umbrella, parasol , , SHA house, hut, quarters 5 校 舎 kōsha schoolhouse, school building 798 兵 舎 heisha barracks 国 民 宿 舎 kokumin shukusha government-sponsored hostels 40, 77, 田 舎 inaka the country, rural areas 85

188 806 8 ܝ ܞ ܟ ܠ ܡ ܢ ܣ 806 5h7. ïë@ / d4.3 / d0.4 eä / 羣 809 d9.7 Gi_ /7 7 6 ઍ 80 4b7. ui\ / f3. IiÎ /6 7 8 ځ 8 m3.5 P /3 SHŪ, [SHU]] multitude, populace 公 衆 電 話 kōshū (denwa) public (telephone) 大 衆 文 学 taishū bungaku popular literature 民 衆 minshū the people, masses 衆 議 院 Shūgiin the House of Representatives アメリカ 合 衆 国 Amerika Gasshūkoku U.S.A. 6, 08, 38 6,, , 64 59, 40 KUN N (suffix for male personal names); ruler kimii you (in masculine speech); ruler 35, 8 田 中 君 Tanaka-kun (Mr.) Tanaka 55 君 主 kunshu monarch, sovereign 立 憲 君 主 政 国 rikken kunshusei (koku) constitutional monarchy, 530, 55, 49, 40 GUN, mu(re), [mura]] group, herd mu(reru) crowd, flock 群 衆 gunshū crowd of people 群 集 gunshū crowd of people 群 像 gunzō group of people (in an artwork) 魚 群 gyogun school of fish 群 島 guntō group of islands, archipelago TAII party, squad, unit 軍 隊 guntai troops, army, the military 部 隊 butai military unit, squad 兵 隊 heitai soldier; troops 探 検 隊 tankentai expedition, expeditionary group 楽 隊 gakutai (musical) band TON, buta pig 養 豚 yōton pig raising 豚 カ ツ tonkatsu pork cutlet 豚 肉 butaniku pork 豚 小 屋 butagoya pigsty, pigpen , , 67 GEKII drama, play 劇 場 gekijō theater, playhouse 演 劇 engeki drama, theatrical performance 歌 劇 kageki opera 劇 的 gekiteki dramatic 劇 薬 gekiyaku powerful medicine; virulent poison HII comparison; (short for) Philippines kura(beru) compare 比 率 hiritsu ratio 比 例 hirei proportion 対 比 taihi contrast, contradistinction 比 重 hijū specific gravity 見 比 べ る mikuraberu compare

189 83 89 ܤ ܥ ܦ ܧ ௪ ܨ ܩ 83 3a8.4 YvP / 4 3 ݩ 84 q.3 Ujm /9 8 3 ৷ 85 3n7. od_ / ט 擧 86 3n0. où_ / 譽 87 3c6.8 dw / ڞ 88 j3. Nët / 57 4 ඤ襃 89 0a5.9 j^ 8 5 ඌ KON, ma(zeru) mixx ma(zaru/jiru) be mixed ko(mu) be crowded/ full/packed 70 混 乱 konran confusion, disorder, chaos 584 混 雑 konzatsu confusion, congestion 59 混 合 kongō mixture 79 混 ぜ 物 mazemono adulteration SEN, era(bu) choose, select 当 選 tōsen be elected 改 選 kaisen reelection 精 選 seisen careful selection 予 選 yosen preliminary match; primary election 選 手 senshu (sports) player KYO all, whole; arrest, capture; name, give, cite a(geru) name, give, enumerate; arrest, apprehend a(garu) be apprehended; be found, recovered 84 選 挙 senkyo election 504 挙 党 kyotō the whole party 6 列 挙 rekkyo enumerate, list YO, homa(re) glory, honor 栄 誉 eiyo honor, glory 名 誉 meiyo honor 名 誉 職 meiyoshoku honorary post 名 誉 市 民 meiyo shimin honorary citizen 名 誉 教 授 meiyo kyōju professor emeritus , 386 8, 8, 77 8, 45, 6 KEN, kobushii fist 6 拳 闘 kentō boxing 少 林 寺 拳 法 Shōrinji kenpō Shorinji Kempo, Shaolin kungfu 44, 7, 4, 3 じゃ ん 拳 janken rock-paper-scissors (hand game) HŌ, ho(meru) praise 褒 賞 hōshō prize 褒 美 hōbi reward 過 褒 kahō excessive/undeserved praise 褒 め 上 げ る homeageru praise very highly, extol 褒 め 立 てる hometateru admire, praise highly HŌ, tsutsu(mu) wrap up 包 容 力 hōyōryoku capacity; tolerance, catholicity 包 丁 hōchō kitchen knife 小 包 み kozutsumi parcel 紙 包 み kamizutsumi parcel wrapped in paper 包 み 紙 tsutsumigami wrapping paper, wrapper 665,

190 80 86 ܪ ܫ භ ܬ ܭ ಕ 80 3b4.8 b^c / d7.6 öéo /64 49 ඣ KIN N equal, even 平 均 heikin average 均 一 kin'itsu uniform 均 等 kintō equality, uniformity, parity 均 質 kinshitsu homogeneous 均 分 kinbun divide equally HŌ, hachii bee 養 蜂 yōhō beekeeping 蜂 起 hōki revolt, uprising 蜂 の 巣 hachi no su beehive, honeycomb 虻 蜂 取 ら ず abu-hachi torazu attempting two things simultaniously, accomplishing neither MITSU U close, dense, crowded; minute, fine; secret 人 口 密 度 (jinkō) mitsudo (population) density n á q 密 接 missetsu close, intimate 精 密 seimitsu minute, accurate, precision / 機 密 kimitsu a secret 密 輸 mitsuyu smuggling 3m m.7 nöá / , 54, MITSU U honey 蜂 蜜 hachimitsu honey 蜜 蜂 mitsubachi honeybee 蜜 月 mitsugetsu honeymoon HI, hi(meru) conceal, keep secret 秘 密 himitsu a secret 極 秘 gokuhi strict secrecy, top secret 秘 書 hisho secretary 神 秘 shinpi mystery 便 秘 benpi constipation ก 84 5d5.6 êá@ /56 5 祕 85 HŌ country; Japan d4.7 在 米 邦 人 (zaibei) hōjin Japanese (living in America) 68, 4 G O 邦 字 新 聞 hōji shinbun Japanese-lang. newspaper 0, 74, 連 邦 renpō federation, federal / , 49, 53 連 邦 政 府 renpō seifu federal government 446, 48, 46 連 邦 首 相 renpō shushō Federal Chancellor ට 86 d4.6 GK /7 8 4 NA what, which 38 支 那 Shina China (since WWII regarded as derogatory) 南 支 那 海 Minami-Shina-kai the South China Sea 74, 38, 7 (since WWII usually written 南シナ海) 88

191 ೞ ܮ ܯ 87 f6.8 t 4 SATSU, SETSU U temple 名 刹 meisatsu famous temple 刹 那 setsuna moment, instant 一 刹 那 issetsuna an instant, a moment 8 86, d3. Gò{ / 鄰 RIN, tonarii next door, adjoining tona(ru) be neighboring 隣 国 ringoku neighboring country/province 隣 席 rinseki next seat, seat next to one 隣 接 rinsetsu border on, be contiguous, adjoin 隣 人 rinjin a neighbor 隣り合う tonariau adjoin/be next door to each other BU, ma(u) dance, flutter about maii dance 50 舞 台 butai the stage 359 m { ^ 舞 楽 bugaku old Japanese court-dance music 333 仕 舞 shimai end, conclusion 舞 い 上 が る maiagaru fly up, soar お 見 舞 い (o)mimai visit, inquiry (after someone's health) 63 0a5. മ 830 3k0.4 mè{ / ซ梦 83 3k9.5 m{p / f9.3 ìèm / ೞ 833 q0.5 UeO /9 4 ϲ MU, yume dream 夢 想 musō dream, vision, fancy 悪 夢 akumu bad dream, nightmare 夢 中 muchū rapture; absorption, intentness; frantic 夢 を 見 る yume o miru (have a) dream 夢 にも yume nimo (not) even in a dream SŌ, hōmu(ru) bury, inter 葬 儀 / 式 sōgi/shiki funeral 火 葬 kasō cremation 葬 列 sōretsu funeral procession 副 葬 品 fukusōhin burial accessories 改 葬 kaisō reburial, reinterment 740, , BI, hana nose 鼻 先 hanasaki tip of the nose 鼻 血 hanaji nosebleed, bloody nose 鼻 薬 hanagusuri a bribe 耳 鼻 科 jibika ENT clinic/department 鼻 音 bion nasal sound , I be different; violation chiga(u) be different; be mistaken chiga(eru) alter; violate 相 違 sōi difference, disparity 違 反 ihan violation 違 法 ihō illegal 間 違 い machigai mistake, error; accident, mishap

192 i3.3 keo /9 4 п衞 835 g6. KN_ /8 6 ۹效 836 d6.8 GN_ /7 EII defend, protect 防 衛 bōei defense 自 衛 隊 Jieitai (Japanese) Self-Defense Forces 前 衛 zen'ei advance guard; avant-garde 衛 生 eisei hygiene, sanitation 衛 星 eisei satellite 5 6, KŌ, ki(ku) be effective 効 力 kōryoku effectiveness, effect, validity 効 果 kōka effect, effectiveness 有 効 yūkō validity, effectiveness 無 効 mukō invalidity, ineffectiveness 時 効 jikō prescription (in statute of limitations) KŌ suburbs, rural areas 近 郊 kinkō suburbs, outskirts 郊 外 kōgai suburbs, outskirts KŌ, [KU]] merits, success 成 功 seikō success 功 労 kōrō meritorious service 功 業 kōgyō achievement, exploit 功 名 kōmyō great achievement, glorious deed 年 功 nenkō long service/experience KŌ, se(meru) attack 攻 勢 kōsei the offensive 攻 防 kōbō offense and defense 攻 守 kōshu offense and defense 攻 城 kōjō siege 専 攻 senkō one's major (study) KŌ, [KU], kurenaii deep red benii rouge, lipstick 紅 葉 kōyō, momiji red (autumn) leaves; maple tree 紅 茶 kōcha black tea 紅 白 kōhaku red and white 真 紅 shinku crimson, scarlet 口 紅 kuchibeni lipstick g3. K /8 38 ۸ 838 4i3. É /49 38 ܓ 839 6a3.6 ó /6 38 ܥ 840 3a3.8 Y / 38 ܛ KŌ, e inlet, bay 江 湖 kōko the public, world 入り江 irie inlet, small bay 江 ノ 島 Enoshima (island near Kamakura) 江 戸 Edo (old name for Tōkyō) 江 戸 っ 子 Edokko true Tokyoite , 03

193 n4. oõé / ڶ 嚴 84 6c4. ôn /63 0 ܯ 843 3c4.5 dn /3 0 ܐ 844 3q7. Ãü /8 69 ۊ 845 3q4. Ãt /8 4 牀 846 3q4. Ãá /8 5 ѫ應 847 j4.5 N`_ / 7 6 GEN, [GON], kibi(shii) severe, strict, rigorous, intense ogoso(ka) solemn, grave, stately 厳 重 genjū strict, stringent, rigid 厳 格 genkaku strict, stern, severe 厳 禁 genkin strict prohibition 尊 厳 songen dignity KŌ navigation, sailing 航 空 便 kōkūbin airmail 航 空 券 kōkūken flight/airplane ticket 航 路 kōro sea route, course 航 海 kōkai sea voyage/navigation 巡 航 junkō a cruise 40, , KŌ resist 対 抗 taikō opposition, confrontation 抵 抗 teikō resistance 反 抗 hankō resistance, opposition 抗 議 kōgi protest 抗 争 kōsō contention, dispute KO, [KU]] storehouse 車 庫 shako garage 金 庫 kinko a safe 国 庫 kokko the (National) Treasury 文 庫 本 bunkobon small cheap paperback 在 庫 品 zaikohin goods in stock, inventory , 5 68, 30 SHŌ, toko bed; floor yuka floor 374 起 床 kishō rise, get up (from bed) 38 daytime 病 床 byōshō sickbed 6, 45 万 年 床 mannendoko futon left spread out during 67 床 屋 tokoya barber; barbershop 43 床 の 間 tokonoma alcove in Japanese-style room Ō reply, respond; comply with, fulfill, satisfy kota(eru) respond 34 反 応 hannō reaction 783 順 応 junnō adaption, adjustment 46 相 応 sōō correspond, be suitable 07 応 用 ōyō (practical) application 495, 43 応 接 間 ōsetsuma reception room JŪ Ū fill a(teru) allot, allocate, apply (to) 充 分 jūbun enough, sufficient 充 満 jūman fullness, abundance 充 足 jūsoku sufficiency 充 実 jūjitsu repletion, perfection 充 血 し た 目 jūketsu shita me bloodshot eyes , 55

194 a6.9 ßN` / a6.0 ón` / a3.9 /3 85 b5.3 CA / b.5 òp /6 3 0 齡 853 9a5. æa / /0 JŪ Ū gun 銃 器 jūki firearm 小 銃 shōjū rifle 拳 銃 kenjū pistol, handgun 機 関 銃 kikanjū machine gun 銃 殺 jūsatsu shoot dead , TŌ, su(beru) govern, control 統 制 tōsei control, regulation 統 治 tōchi, tōji reign, rule 統 一 tōitsu unity, unification 統 計 tōkei statistics 伝 統 dentō tradition REII order, command; good; (honorific prefix) 命 令 meirei an order 号 令 gōrei an order, command 訓 令 kunrei instructions, directive 政 令 seirei cabinet order, government ordinance 発 令 hatsurei official announcement REI, tsume(tai) cold hi(yasu), sa(masu) chill, cool hi(eru), sa(meru) become cold hi(ya) cold water; cold saké hi(yakasu) poke fun at, tease; browse 冷 水 reisui cold water 30 冷 戦 reisen cold war 674 冷 静 reisei calm, cool, dispassionate REII age 年 齢 nenrei age 学 齢 gakurei (of) school age 老 齢 rōrei old age 高 齢 者 kōreisha elderly person 高 齢 化 社 会 kōreika shakai aging society RYŌ govern, rule 領 土 / 地 ryōdo/chi territory 大 統 領 daitōryō president (of a country) 領 事 ryōji consul 領 収 書 / 証 ryōshūsho/shō receipt 横 領 ōryō usurpation, embezzlement , 64 90, 54, 308, 58 4, 8 6, , 3, SHIN, JIN N retainer, subject 6 大 臣 daijin (government) minister 70, 43, 6 総 理 大 臣 sōri daijin prime minister 77 臣 民 shinmin subject 3 臣 下 shinka subject, retainer 807 君 臣 kunshin sovereign and subject, ruler and ruled 9

195 ݍ ݎ ݏ ݐ 855 t5. e^ / e6.3 Ée / Ӿ 857 9a9.6 æén / Ԅ 858 3k9.3 méy /3 49 ຣ 859 6a6.6 óée / ຢ 860 5f6.4 ìée / 畧 86 3d.4 e /4 ߣ RIN N look out over; go to, be present; rule, subjugate nozo(mu) face, confront; attend, be present 臨 時 rinji temporary, provisional, extraordinary 臨 床 rinshō clinical 臨 終 rinjū one s last moments/deathbed 臨 席 rinseki attendance, presence KAKU U tower; palace; the cabinet 内 閣 naikaku the cabinet 閣 議 kakugi meeting of the cabinet 組 閣 sokaku formation of a cabinet 閣 下 kakka Your/His Excellency 金 閣 寺 Kinkakuji Temple of the Golden Pavilion , 4 GAKU U amount; framed picture hitaii forehead 金 額 kingaku amount of money 額 面 gakumen face value, par 総 額 sōgaku total amount, sum total 差 額 sagaku the difference, balance 半 額 hangaku half the amount/price RAKU, o(chiru) fall o(tosu) drop, lose 転 落 tenraku a fall 落 第 rakudai failure in an examination 部 落 buraku village, settlement 落 語 rakugo Japanese comic storytelling 落 ち 着 い た ochitsuita calm, composed RAKU, kara(mu), kara(maru) get entangled kara(meru) bind, tie up 446 連 絡 renraku contact, liaison, communication 446, 84 連 絡 駅 renraku-eki connecting station, junction 9 絡 み 付く karamitsuku coil around, cling to 59 絡 み 合う karamiau intertwine RYAKU U abbreviation, omission 省 略 shōryaku omission, abridgment, abbreviation 略 語 ryakugo abbreviation 略 歴 ryakureki brief personal history 計 略 keiryaku plan, strategem, scheme 戦 略 senryaku strategy SHII administer, conduct 司 法 shihō administration of justice, judicial 司 令 shirei commandant, commanding officer 司 会 者 shikaisha emcee, chairman 司 書 shisho librarian 上 司 jōshi one's superior (officer) ,

196 ݑ ݒ ݓ ݔ ݕ ݖ ݗ 86 SHII words 品 詞 hinshi part of speech ù e 名 詞 meishi noun 他 動 詞 (ta)dōshi (transitive) verb /67 4 歌 詞 kashi lyrics, words to a song 賀 詞 gashi congratulations, greetings 7a5.5 ࠅ , SHŌ resemble 753, 343 肖 像 画 shōzōga portrait 94 不 肖 fushō unlike/unworthy of one's father; (humble) I 3n4. ou /35 43 आ 864 3a7.6 Yu} / q6.3 U /9 77 ઋ 866 d6. G /7 77 ہ 867 5c6. è /55 77 ժ 868 5c5. èso /55 40 ฉ SHŌ, ke(su) extinguish; erase ki(eru) go out, disappear 消 防 車 shōbō(sha) fire fighting (engine) 消 火 器 shōkaki fire extinguisher 消 費 者 shōhisha consumer 消 化 shōka digestion 消 極 的 shōkyokuteki negative, passive 5, 33 0, , , 0 TAI, shirizo(ku) retreat shirizo(keru) drive away, repel 退 職 taishoku retirement, resignation 退 院 taiin leave/be discharged from the hospital 退 学 taigaku leave/drop out of school 引 退 intai retire (from public life) GEN, kagi(ru) limit 無 限 mugen unlimited, infinite 制 限 seigen restriction, limitation 限 度 gendo a limit 期 限 kigen term, time limit, deadline 権 限 kengen authority, competence, jurisdiction GAN, [GEN], manako eye 両 眼 ryōgan both eyes 近 眼 kingan nearsightedness, shortsightedness 眼 科 医 gankai eye doctor, ophthalmologist 眼 識 ganshiki discernment, insight 千 里 眼 senrigan clairvoyance, clairvoyant , , 4 MIN, nemu(ru) sleep nemu(i) tired, sleepy 不 眠 fumin sleeplessness, insomnia 安 眠 anmin a quiet/sound sleep 冬 眠 tōmin hibernation 居 眠り inemuri a doze, falling asleep in one's seat 眠り薬 nemurigusuri sleeping drug/pills

197 ݘ ݙ ݚ ݛ ݜ ݝ ݞ 869 3a5. Ye_ / 4 6 况 870 4e5.5 ye_ / ࢠ 87 5b5. ée_ / ר 竸 87 4c8.8 ve} / j. lve /3 4 4 г 874 d8.4 G ` / c5.3 v é / KYŌ circumstances, situation 状 況 情 況 jōkyō conditions, situation 現 況 genkyō present situation 実 況 jikkyō actual state of affairs 市 況 shikyō market conditions, the market 不 況 fukyō recession, economic slump SHUKU, [SHŪ], iwa(u) celebrate, congratulate 祝 辞 shukuji (speech of) congratulations 祝 賀 shukuga celebration; congratulations 祝 日 shukujitsu festival day, holiday 祝 儀 shūgi (wedding) celebration; gift 祝 い 事 iwaigoto auspicious/festive occasion 636, KYŌ, KEI, kiso(u) compete, vie for se(ru) compete, vie, bid for 30 競 争 kyōsō competition 435 競 走 kyōsō race 39 競 売 kyōbai auction 83 競 馬 keiba horse racing KEII view, scene 景 色 keshiki scenery 風 景 fūkei scenery 景 勝 地 keishō(chi) (place of) picturesque scenery 景 気 keiki business conditions 不 景 気 fukeiki hard times, recession , , 34 EI, kage light; shadow, silhouette; figure; trace 影 像 eizō image; shadow 人 影 hitokage, jin'ei silhouette; human figure 影 法 師 kagebōshi person's shadow 影 絵 kagee shadow picture, silhouette 面 影 omokage face, traces, vestiges 753 3, KYŌ village, native place GŌ rural area, country 故 郷 kokyō one's hometown, native place 郷 里 kyōri one's hometown, native place 郷 土 kyōdo one's hometown 望 郷 の 念 bōkyō no nen homesickness, nostalgia 近 郷 kingō neighboring districts , KYŌ, hibi(ku) sound, resound, be echoed; affect 影 響 eikyō effect, influence 反 響 hankyō echo, response 音 響 onkyō sound 交 響 曲 kōkyōkyoku symphony 響 き 渡 る hibikiwataru resound, reverberate ,

198 ݟ ݠ ݡ ݢ ݣ ݤ ݥ 876 5b6.3 évo / d. Gév / ख 878 3k8.4 mvb / g8. îvb / a8.3 ùvb / a8.3 óvb / a.6 ßév / SHŌ chapter; badge, mark 文 章 bunshō composition, writing 第 三 章 dai-sanshō Chapter 3 第 三 楽 章 dai-san gakushō third movement 憲 章 kenshō charter, constitution 記 章 kishō medal, badge SHŌ, sawa(ru) hinder, interfere with, harm, hurt 保 障 hoshō guarantee, security 支 障 shishō hindrance, impediment 障 害 shōgai obstacle, impediment 故 障 koshō trouble, breakdown, out of order 障 子 shōji Japanese sliding paper door 408, 4 408, 4, CHO, arawa(su) write, publish ichijiru(shii) marked, striking, remarkable, conspicuous 64 著 者 chosha author 3 著 書 chosho a (literary) work 8 名 著 meicho a famous/great work 8 著 名 chomei prominent, well-known SHO government office, station 税 務 署 zeimusho tax office 消 防 署 shōbōsho fire station, firehouse 警 察 署 keisatsusho police station 部 署 busho one's post/place of duty 署 名 shomei signature, autograph 403, , 5 79, SHO all, various 諸 国 shokoku all/various countries 諸 島 shotō islands 諸 説 shosetsu various views/accounts 諸 事 shoji various matters/affairs 諸 君 shokun (Ladies and) Gentlemen! SHO, [CHO]] beginning o cord, strap, thong 緒 戦 shosen, chosen beginning of war 緒 論 shoron, choron introduction 由 緒 yuisho history; pedigree, lineage 情 緒 jōcho, jōsho emotion, feeling 鼻 緒 hanao clog thong, geta strap KYŌ, kagamii mirror 鏡 台 kyōdai dressing table 三 面 鏡 sanmenkyō a dresser with three mirrors 望 遠 鏡 bōenkyō telescope 手 鏡 tekagami hand mirror 眼 鏡 megane, gankyō eyeglasses , ,

199 ݦ ݧ ݨ ݩ ݪ ݫ ݬ 883 3b. bév / 54 4 װ 884 4f3. Äèë / Ջ 885 q3.4 Uèë / d8.7 GA` /7 3 7 Џ 887 d.3 Gá / А隱 888 5d.4 êá / 穩 889 4a4.8 tol /4 9 KYŌ, [KEI], sakaii boundary 国 境 kokkyō border 境 界 kyōkai boundary, border 苦 境 kukyō distress, difficulties 境 内 keidai precincts, grounds 境 目 sakaime borderline; crisis KAN N ring; surround 環 境 kankyō environment 環 境 省 Kankyōshō Ministry of the Environnment 環 状 kanjō ring-shaped 環 状 線 kanjōsen loop (line) 一 環 ikkan a link, part KAN N return 返 還 henkan return, restoration; repayment 帰 還 kikan return home, repatriation 送 還 sōkan sending home, repatriation 還 元 kangen restoration; reduction , , IN N yin principle; negative, hidden; shadow, secret kage shadow, backk kage(ru) get dark/clouded 640 陰 陽 in'yō yin and yang, positive and negative 98 陰 性 insei negative; dormant, latent 34 陰 気 inki gloomy, dismal, melancholy 5 日 陰 hikage shade from the sun IN, kaku(reru) (intr.) hide kaku(su) (tr.) hide 隠 語 ingo secret language; argot, jargon 隠 者 inja hermit 隠 居 inkyo retirement from active life 隠 し 芸 kakushigei parlor trick; hidden talent ON, oda(yaka) calm, quiet, mild, peaceful, moderate 穏 和 onwa mild, gentle, genial 平 穏 heion calmness, quiet, serenity 平 穏 無 事 heion-buji peace and quiet 穏 当 ontō proper, appropriate; gentle 穏 便 onbin gentle, quiet, amicable 4 0 0, 93, SHI, eda branch 枝 葉 shiyō, edaha branches and leaves; digression 大 枝 ōeda bough, limb 小 枝 koeda twig 枝 切り edakiri lopping off/pruning of branches 枝 接 ぎ edatsugi grafting

200 ன ݭ ݮ ݯ ݰ ݱ ݲ 890 a4.3 AOL /3 KII skill; performer 歌 舞 伎 kabuki kabuki 歌 舞 伎 役 者 kabuki yakusha kabuki actor 395, , 89, 376, 64 9 ճ 89 3c4.6 dol / o4. qol /36 9 GI, waza technique; ability; feat 技 術 gijutsu technique, technology 技 師 gishi engineer 技 能 ginō technical skill, ability 演 技 engi acting, performance 競 技 kyōgi match, contest, competition KII forked road 分 岐 bunki divergence, branching 分 岐 点 bunkiten point of divergence, junction 岐 路 kiro fork in the road, crossroads , 69 5 ջ 893 6d0. ö /64 蟲 894 6d7.0 öu^ / ह觸 895 0a8.5 öl / 騷 896 4n3. ãm /5 3 Ӈ CHŪ, mushii bug, insect 益 / 害 虫 eki/gaichū beneficial/harmful insect 殺 虫 剤 satchūzai insecticide 毛 虫 kemushi hairy caterpillar 油 虫 aburamushi cockroach; hanger-on, parasite 虫 歯 mushiba decayed tooth, cavity 79, , SHOKU, sawa(ru) touch, feel fu(reru) touch (upon); announce 65 触 覚 shokkaku sense of touch 495 接 触 sesshoku touch, contact 6 感 触 kanshoku the touch, feel 48 触 角 shokkaku feeler, antenna, tentacle 569 抵 触 teishoku conflict SŌ, sawa(gu) make a noise/fuss 騒 音 sōon noise 騒 動 sōdō disturbance, riot 騒 然 sōzen noisy, tumultuous 大 騒 ぎ ōsawagi clamor, uproar, hullabaloo 騒 ぎ 立 てる sawagitateru raise a great fuss/furor KAI, imashi(meru) admonish, warn 警 戒 keikai caution, precaution, warning 訓 戒 kunkai admonition, warning 厳 戒 genkai strict watch/guard 戒 律 kairitsu (Buddhist) precepts 十 戒 jikkai the Ten Commandments

201 ݳ ݴ ݵ ྈ ݶ ݷ 897 4n8.4 ã`a /5 7 3 ս 898 5f0.3 ìã` / a8.7 Ae] /3 4 4 KI, iku how much/many; some 39, 09 幾 何 学 kikagaku geometry 5 幾 日 ikunichi how many days; what day of the month 38 幾 分 ikubun some, a portion, more or less 幾 つ ikutsu how much/many/old 幾 ら ikura how much/long/expensive KII capital; capital region 近 畿 地 方 Kinki chihō the Kinki Region (around the ancient capitals of Nara and Kyōto) 45, 8, 70 畿 内 Kinai (the five home provinces of Japan: Yamato, Yamashiro, Kawachi, Settsu, and Izumi) 84 KEN N thrifty, simple, modest 倹 約 ken'yaku thriftiness, economy 節 倹 sekken frugality, economy 勤 倹 kinken diligence and thrift KEN, tsurugii sword 剣 道 kendō kendō, Japanese fencing 刀 剣 tōken swords 短 剣 tanken short sword, dagger 剣 劇 kengeki swordplay/samurai drama 真 剣 shinken serious, earnest ڑ 儉 900 f8.5 IeA /6 4 3 ږ 劍 90 6f6. út / ޱ 90 f6. It /6 4 0 ߢ 903 3g. ig /7 7 ಧ SAKU U plan, means, measure, policy 政 策 seisaku policy 対 策 taisaku measure, countermeasure 具 体 策 gutaisaku specific measure 策 略 sakuryaku strategem, scheme, tactic 術 策 jussaku artifice, strategem, intrigue SHI, sa(su) pierce sa(saru) stick, get stuck in 名 刺 meishi name/business card 風 刺 fūshi satire 刺 し 殺 す sashikorosu stab to death 刺 し 傷 sashikizu a stab; (insect) bite 刺 身 sashimi sashimi, sliced raw fish HAN N crime oka(su) commit (a crime); violate, defy 犯 人 hannin criminal, culprit 犯 行 hankō crime 現 行 犯 で genkōhan de in the act, red-handed 共 犯 kyōhan complicity 防 犯 bōhan crime prevention/fighting , ,

202 ݸ ݹ ݺ ݻ ݼ ݽ ݾ 904 KYŌ mad, crazy; mania kuru(u) go crazy; get out of order kuru(oshii) be nearly mad (with worry/grief) 狂 言 kyōgen play, drama; Noh farce 発 狂 hakkyō insanity, madness 狂 気 kyōki insanity, madness 狂 乱 kyōran frenzy, madness 3g4. iä / GOKU U prison 8 地 獄 jigoku hell 受 験 地 獄 juken jigoku the ordeal of examinations 60, 54, 獄 舎 gokusha prison, jail (building) 53 出 獄 shutsugoku release from prison 85 獄 死 gokushi die in prison 3g. iù /7 67 ݓ 906 5g8.4 î P / ޜ 907 5g9. îù_ / ಒ罸 908 f4. Im / b6. bm_ / 3 6 ٠ 90 5e7. ëuo /57 43 ൿ ZAI, tsumii crime, sin, guilt 犯 罪 hanzai crime 罪 人 zainin criminal tsumibito sinner 有 罪 yūzai guilty 罪 業 zaigō sin BATSU U punishment, penalty BACHII (divine) punishment 罰 金 bakkin a fine 体 罰 taibatsu corporal punishment 厳 罰 genbatsu severe punishment 天 罰 tenbatsu punishment from God/heaven 罰 当 たり bachiatari damned, cursed KEII penalty, punishment, sentence 刑 事 keiji criminal case; (police) detective 刑 法 keihō criminal law, the Criminal Code 刑 罰 keibatsu punishment, penalty 死 刑 shikei capital punishment 刑 務 所 keimusho prison , 53 KEI, kata model, form 類 型 的 ruikeiteki stereotyped; typical 原 型 genkei prototype, model 紙 型 kamigata, shikei papier-mâché mold 血 液 型 ketsuekigata blood type 大 型トラック ōgata torakku large truck 6, , HO, ogina(u) supply, make up for, compensate for 補 給 hokyū supply, replenishment 補 正 hosei revision, compensation 補 助 hojo assistance, supplement, subsidy 補 充 hojū supplement, replacement 補 習 教 育 hoshū kyōiku continuing education , 45, 46

203 9 97 ݿ ހ ށ ނ ރ ބ 9 3c7.3 duo /3 43 ർ 9 q8. UY /9 39 HO, to(ru), to(raeru), tsuka(maeru) catch, grasp to(rawareru), tsuka(maru) be caught, hold on to 捕 鯨 hogei whaling 捕 鯨 船 hogeisen whaling ship だ 捕 daho capture, seize 生 け 捕り ikedori capturing alive TAII chase 逮 捕 taiho arrest 逮 捕 状 taihojō arrest warrant 逮 夜 taiya eve of the anniversary of a death 73 73, , ઌ 93 q6. U O /9 39 ڛ 94 a8.34 A U / ړ 95 8a8.8 ß U /7 39 KEN, [KON], ta(teru) build ta(tsu) be built 建 設 kensetsu construction 建 立 konryū erection, building 建 物 tatemono a building 二 階 建 て nikaidate two-story 建 て 前 tatemae erection of the framework; principle , KEN, suko(yaka) healthy 保 健 hoken preservation of health, hygiene 穏 健 onken moderate, sound 強 健 kyōken robust health, strong physique 健 在 kenzai healthy, sound 健 勝 kenshō healthy KEN, kagii key 合 鍵 aikagi duplicate key; passkeys 鍵 束 kagitaba bunch of keys گ 96 3q8. ÃY /8 39 KŌ peace, composure 健 康 kenkō health 不 健 康 fukenkō not healthy, unhealthful 小 康 shōkō lull, brief respite 94 94, m4.5 n_o /33 6 KYŪ, kiwa(meru) investigate thoroughly/exhaustively 究 明 kyūmei study, investigation, inquiry 探 究 tankyū research, investigation 学 究 gakkyū scholar, student 究 極 kyūkyoku final, ultimate 論 究 ronkyū discuss thoroughly

204 98 94 ޅ ކ އ ވ މ ފ ދ 98 5a4. çm /53 3 KEN, to(gu) whet, hone, sharpen; polish, wash (rice) 研 究 kenkyū research 研 究 所 kenkyūjo research institute 研 学 kengaku study 97 97, ڥ 99 3m.4 nuj / m5. n _ / ௰ 9 n_ /33 6 ڋ 9 0a0.8 u~@ 37 ࡄ 93 7a0. ùu~ / ࡌ 94 3b3.6 b` / 7 ࠃ TOTSU, tsu(ku) thrust, poke, strike 66 突 然 totsuzen suddenly 676 突 破 toppa break through, overcome 5 突 入 totsunyū rush in, storm 600, 34 羽 根 突 き hanetsuki Japanese badminton 77 突 き 当 た る tsukiataru run/bump into; reach the end KETSU, ana hole, cave 穴 居 人 kekkyojin caveman 落とし 穴 otoshiana pitfall, trap 穴 あ け 器 ana akeki punch, perforator 鍵 穴 kagiana keyhole 穴 子 anago conger eel 3m. 43 KYŪ Ū extreme, distress kiwa(maru) reach an extreme; come to an end kiwa(meru) carry to extremes; bring to an end 336, 55, 0 窮 極 目 的 kyūkyoku mokuteki ultimate goal 8, 883 窮 地 / 境 kyūchi/kyō predicament 767 窮 乏 kyūbō poverty 567 困 窮 konkyū poverty SHA, i(ru) shoot 発 射 hassha fire, launch 射 殺 shasatsu shoot dead 注 射 chūsha injection, shot 放 射 能 hōshanō radioactivity 反 射 hansha reflection; reflex SHA gratitude; apology ayama(ru) apologize 感 謝 kansha gratitude 謝 礼 sharei remuneration, honorarium 月 謝 gessha monthly tuition 謝 罪 shazai apology 代 謝 taisha metabolism SHII utmost ita(ru) arrive, lead to 必 至 hisshi inevitable 至 急 shikyū urgency, urgent 夏 至 geshi summer solstice 至 る 所 itaru tokoro everywhere 至 東 京 itaru Tōkyō To Tōkyō (at the edge of a map) 0 7, , , 89

205 95 93 ތ ލ ގ ޏ ސ ྉ ޑ 95 4i6. Éb` /49 7 ૠ 96 f6.4 Ib` / a8.5 Ab_ / a7. ùe_ / a4.5 ] a. ó@ /6 93 a7.8 Aó@ /3 6 CHII bring about ita(su) do (deferential, used like suru) 一 致 itchi agreement, consistency 59 合 致 gatchi agreement, consistency 587, 643 致 命 傷 chimeishō fatal wound 85, 47 致 死 量 chishiryō lethal dose 9 風 致 fūchi scenic beauty; taste, elegance TŌ arrive, reach 到 着 tōchaku arrival 到 来 tōrai arrival, advent 到 達 tōtatsu reach, attain 殺 到 sattō rush, stampede 周 到 shūtō meticulous TŌ, tao(reru) fall over, collapse tao(su) knock down, topple, defeat 80 卒 倒 sottō faint 78 倒 産 tōsan bankruptcy 856 倒 閣 tōkaku overthrowing the cabinet 96 共 倒 れ tomodaore mutual destruction, common ruin GO mistake, mis- ayama(ru) err, make a mistake 誤 解 gokai misunderstanding 誤 報 gohō erroneous report/information 誤 算 gosan miscalculation 誤 植 goshoku a misprint 読 み 誤 る yomiayamaru misread GO, taga(i) mutual, reciprocal, each other 相 互 sōgo mutual 交 互 kōgo mutual; alternating 互 助 gojo mutual aid 互 選 gosen mutual election 互 い 違 い に tagaichigai ni alternately KEII system; lineage, group 体 系 taikei system 系 統 keitō system; lineage, descent 日 系 nikkei of Japanese descent 直 系 chokkei direct descent 系 図 keizu genealogy, family tree KEI, kaka(ru) have to do with kakarii person in charge 40 関 係 kankei relation, relationship, connection 関 係 者 kankeisha interested party, those concerned 40, 64 93, 40 無 関 係 mukankei unrelated, irrelevant 30 係 争 keisō dispute, contention 95 係 長 kakarichō chief clerk 03

206 ޒ ޓ ޔ ޕ ޖ ޗ ޘ 93 c7. /6 6 SON, mago grandchild 子 孫 shison descendant 皇 孫 kōson imperial grandchild/descendant 天 孫 tenson of divine descent k6. áóè / ڝ 934 3a6. YÎ\ / b6.8 uî\ / ฅ脉 936 7b4.3 ûg@ / k.9 áûg / Ծ 938 5e9.3 ëvé / KEN, [KE], ka(karu) hang ka(keru) offer, give 一 生 懸 命 isshōkenmei utmost effort, all one's might, 44, 懸 案 ken'an unsettled problem 509 懸 賞 kenshō offer of a prize 588 懸 念 kenen fear, apprehension 587 命 懸 け inochigake risking one's life HA group, faction, sect, school (of thought) 宗 派 shūha sect 党 派 tōha party, faction 左 / 右 派 sa/uha the left/right wing 派 出 所 hashutsujo branch office; police box 特 派 員 tokuhain correspondent MYAKU U pulse, vein, blood vessel 動 脈 dōmyaku artery 静 脈 jōmyaku vein 山 脈 sanmyaku mountain range 文 脈 bunmyaku context 脈 略 myakuraku logical connection, coherence , 76 53, 53 8, KAN N pierce; carry out; (old monetary unit; unit of weight, about 3.75 kg) tsuranu(ku) pierce; carry out 一 貫 ikkan consistency, coherence, integrated 50 貫 通 kantsū pass through, pierce 47 貫 流 kanryū flow through 50 貫 き 通 す tsuranukitōsu carry out (one's will) KAN, na(reru) get used to na(rasu) accustom to; tame 60 習 慣 shūkan custom, practice 60 慣 習 kanshū custom, practice 6 慣 例 kanrei custom, convention 07, 337 慣 用 句 kan'yōku idiom, common expression 63 見 慣 れ る minareru get used to seeing FUKU U double, multiple, composite; again 複 雑 fukuzatsu complicated 複 合 fukugō composition, compound, complex 重 複 chōfuku, jūfuku duplication, overlapping 複 製 fukusei reproduction, duplicate, facsimile 複 数 fukusū plural

207 ߀ ޙ ޚ ޛ ޜ ޝ ޞ 939 3i9.4 kvé / ഹ 940 kä[ /9 46 Ѫ徃 94 4d9.3 web /44 4 љ烟 94 4d8.4 wmo /44 3 燒 943 q. Uej / Ō go 3i5.6 FUKU U return; be restored 復 習 fukushū review 反 復 hanpuku repetition 復 活 fukkatsu revival 復 興 fukkō reconstruction, revival 回 復 kaifuku recovery, recuperation 8 往 復 ōfuku round trip 往 来 ōrai comings and goings, traffic; street, way 立 ち 往 生 tachiōjō standstill, getting stalled 右 往 左 往 uō-saō rush about in confusion 往 年 ōnen the past, formerly , 44 76, EN, kemurii smoke kemu(ru) smoke, smolder kemu(i) smoky 49 禁 煙 kin'en No Smoking 90 煙 突 entotsu chimney 96 発 煙 hatsuen emitting smoke, fuming 06 黒 煙 kokuen black smoke SHŌ, ya(keru) (intr.) burn; be roasted, broiled, baked ya(ku) (tr.) burn, roast, broil, bake 89 全 焼 zenshō be totally destroyed by fire 85 焼 き 鳥 yakitori grilled chicken 5 日 焼 け hiyake sunburn, suntan 8 夕 焼 け yūyake glow of sunset SEN N move, change; climb 変 遷 hensen undergo changes 左 遷 sasen demotion 遷 都 sento transfer of the capital ৸ 944 4e6. ye] / a.8 tye / HYŌ slip of paper, ballot, vote 一 票 ippyō a vote 得 票 tokuhyō votes obtained 反 対 票 hantaihyō no vote, adverse vote 開 票 kaihyō vote counting 伝 票 denpyō slip of paper , HYŌ sign, mark 目 標 mokuhyō goal, purpose 標 語 hyōgo slogan, motto 標 準 語 hyōjungo the standard language 標 本 hyōhon specimen, sample 商 標 shōhyō trademark ,

208 ޟ ޠ ޡ ಯ ޢ ޣ 946 3a.9 Yye / e3.3 y /45 34 HYŌ, tadayo(u) drift about, float 漂 流 hyōryū drift, be adrift 漂 着 hyōchaku drift ashore 漂 白 剤 hyōhakuzai bleach 漂 々 hyōhyō light, buoyant NA what?, how? 奈 落 naraku hell, hades; theater basement 奈 良 Nara (capital of Nara Prefecture) 神 奈 川 県 Kanagawa-ken Kanagawa Prefecture , , 33, d. eø /4 80 ป 949 b8.4 ø} / ٽ 鷄 950 b0. øª / MEI, na(ku) (animals) cry, sing, howl na(ru) (intr.) sound, ring na(rasu) (tr.) sound, ring 96 共 鳴 kyōmei resonance; sympathy 3 鳴 動 meidō rumble 759 鳴 き 声 nakigoe cry, call, chirping (of animals) 7 海 鳴り uminari rumbling/noise of the sea KEI, niwatorii chicken, hen, rooster 鶏 肉 keiniku chicken, fowl 養 鶏 yōkei poultry raising 鶏 舎 keisha chicken coop, henhouse 鶏 鳴 keimei cockcrow 鶏 頭 keitō cockscomb (flower) tsuru crane, stork 千 羽 鶴 senbazuru (string of) many origami cranes (a symbol 5, 600 for good health); many-cranes design, 759 鶴 の 一 声 tsuru no hitokoe the voice of authority 95 3d6. e _ / ޤ 95 4a6.5 tg} / 櫻 sa(ku) bloom 咲 き 出 す sakidasu begin to bloom 咲 き 乱 れ る sakimidareru bloom in profusion 遅 咲 き osozaki blooming late 狂 い 咲 き kuruizaki flowering out of season 返り咲 き kaerizaki second bloom; comeback Ō, sakura cherry tree 桜 花 ōka cherry blossoms 八 重 桜 yaezakura double-petal cherry blossoms 桜 ん ぼ sakuranbo cherry 桜 色 sakurairo pink, cerise 桜 肉 sakuraniku horsemeat ,

209 ޤ ๑ ඈ ޥ 953 3e6.0 géc / ߪ 954 4k6. áéc / ሩ 955 3k6. SHI, sugata form, figure, shape, appearance, posture 姿 勢 shisei posture, stance 容 姿 yōshi face and figure, appearance 姿 態 shitai figure, pose 姿 見 sugatami full-length mirror 後 ろ 姿 ushiro-sugata view (of someone) from behind SHII as one pleases, self-indulgent, arbitrary 恣 意 shii arbitrariness, selfishness 恣 意 的 shiiteki arbitrary, selfish 放 恣 hōshi self-indulgent, licentious 専 恣 senshi self-indulgent, wanton, arbitrary 3 3, ibara brier 茨 城 県 Ibaraki-ken Ibaraki Prefecture 733, 94 DA peace, contentment 妥 協 dakyō compromise 妥 結 daketsu compromise, agreement 妥 当 datō proper, appropriate, adequate 妥 協 案 dakyōan compromise plan , 06 méc / Ѐ 956 3e4.9 g}@ / a4.4 SAII general's baton; dice; take; coloring; appearance; fief 采 配 saihai baton of command 54 SAI, na vegetable; rape, mustard plant 野 菜 yasai vegetable 菜 園 saien vegetable garden 菜 食 saishoku vegetarian/herbivorous diet 山 菜 sansai edible wild plant 菜 種 natane rapeseed, coleseed, colza t}@ /4 35 ގ 958 3k8.5 mt} / ޕ 959 3j8. lt} /3 4 އ 35 SAI, irodo(ru) color 色 彩 shikisai color, coloration 彩 色 saishiki coloring, coloration 多 彩 tasai colorful 光 彩 kōsai luster, brilliancy 水 彩 画 suisaiga a watercolor painting , 343

210 ച 960 3c8.4 dt} / މ 96 3d9. e}i / d. e} / a4.5 Y L / 0 9 沒 964 3a4.9 / 0 ଧ 965 4a4.8 /4 0 SAI, to(ru) take (on), accept, employ; collect 採 用 saiyō adopt; employ 採 決 saiketsu voting 採 集 saishū collecting (plants/butterflies) 採 録 sairoku record (in a book) 採 算 saisan a profit SHŪ, [JU], tsu(ku) take (a seat), engage (in an occupation) tsu(keru) employ 386 就 職 shūshoku find employment 334 就 任 shūnin assumption of office 79, 4, 43 就 業 時 間 shūgyō jikan working hours 6 成 就 jōju accomplish, attain SHŪ, ke(ru) kick 739 蹴 球 shūkyū football 一 蹴 isshū a kick 一 蹴 す る isshū suru kick; reject flatly, brush off; beat easily, give a drubbing 539 蹴 飛 ば す ketobasu kick away/out; reject BOTSU U sink, go down 没 落 botsuraku downfall, ruin 没 入 botsunyū become immersed (in) 出 没 shutsubotsu appear and disappear, frequent 没 収 bosshū confiscation, forfeiture 没 交 渉 bokkōshō unrelated, independent CHIN, shizu(mu) (intr.) sinkk shizu(meru) (tr.) sink 沈 没 chinbotsu sinking 沈 下 chinka sinking, subsidence, settling 沈 静 chinsei stillness, stagnation 沈 着 chinchaku composed, calm 沈 思 chinshi meditation, contemplation makura pillow 水 枕 mizumakura water-filled pillow 枕 木 makuragi railroad tie , ෦ 966 3a0. YjC / 8 5 DEKI, obo(reru) drown; indulge (in) 溺 死 dekishi drowning 溺 愛 dekiai dote upon 耽 溺 tandeki addiction, dissipation ୳

211 ޱ 967 3a.6 Yv / 4 34 ১潛 968 3a6. Y}E / 35 6 ട 969 3n4.4 oe@ /35 6 ఠ 970 E@ 97 c a7.7 Y 4 FU, u(kabu) float, rise to the surface, appear u(kaberu) set afloat; show u(ku) float, rise to the surface u(kareru) feel buoyant, be in high spirits 99 思 い 浮 ぶ omoiukabu come to mind, occur to 77 浮 か ぬ 顔 ukanu kao dejected look 5, 345 浮 世 絵 ukiyoe Japanese woodblock print NYŪ, chichi, chii mother's milk; breast 牛 乳 gyūnyū (cow's) milk 母 乳 bonyū mother's milk 乳 飲 み 子 chinomigo suckling infant 乳 首 chikubi, chichikubi nipple 乳 母 車 ubaguruma baby carriage KŌ hole; Confucius 気 孔 kikō pore 通 気 / 空 気 孔 tsūki/kūkikō air hole 鼻 孔 bikō nostril 多 孔 takō porous 孔 子 Kōshi Confucius c. /6 SEN N dive, hide mogu(ru) dive; crawl into hiso(mu) lurk, lie hidden 潜 水 sensui dive, submerge, 35 潜 水 夫 sensuifu diver 68 潜 在 senzai hidden, latent, potential 5 潜 入 sennyū infiltrate (into) 8 33, 03 48, , 34, 40, RYŌ finish, complete; understand 466 終 了 shūryō end, completion, expiration 63 完 了 kanryō completion; perfect tense 任 期 満 了 (ninki) manryō expiration (of a term 334, 456, 0 5 of office) 校 了 kōryō final proofreading 48 了 解 ryōkai understand, comprehend; Roger! SHŌ, uketamawa(ru) hear, be told 承 知 shōchi consent; be aware of 承 認 shōnin approval 承 服 shōfuku consent, acceptance 了 承 ryōshō acknowledgment 伝 承 denshō hand down (from generation to generation) JŌ steam mu(su) steam, be sultry mu(rasu) steam mu(reru) be steamed; get hot and stuffy m w Y 水 蒸 気 (sui)jōki (water) vapor, steam 蒸 発 jōhatsu evaporate; disappear /3 44 蒸 し 暑 い mushiatsui hot and humid, sultry 蒸 し 返 す mushikaesu reheat; repeat, rehash 3k9.9 फ 09,

212 a8.0 A ^ / ۴ 975 a8. AÉl / d8.6 GÉb / d7.7 GÉO / d9. ±èt / d3. / RYŪ Ū prosperity; high 隆 盛 ryūsei prosperity 興 隆 kōryū rise, prosperity, flourishing 隆 起 ryūki protuberance, rise, elevation 隆 々 ryūryū prosperous, thriving; muscular 法 隆 寺 Hōryūji (temple in Nara) , 4 KŌ, o(riru) go down, descend, get off (a bus) o(rosu) let off (a passenger), dismiss fu(ru) fall (rain/snow) 30, 47 降 雨 量 kōuryō (amount of) rainfall 3 降 下 kōka descent, fall, landing 46 以 降 ikō since, from... on 539 飛 び 降りる tobioriru jump down (from) SŌ, shimo frost 霜 害 sōgai frost damage 霜 柱 shimobashira ice/frost columns 霜 解 け shimodoke thawing 霜 焼 け shimoyake frostbite 霜 降り shimofuri marbled (meat), salt-and-pepper pattern , MU, kirii fog 8d. ±ÉK ฏ , 53 90, 64 7 SHŪ, [SHU], osa(meru) study; master osa(maru) govern oneself 43 修 理 shūri repair 75 修 正 shūsei revise, correct, retouch 79 修 業 shūgyō pursuit/completion of one's studies 59, 30, 55 必 修 科 目 hisshū kamoku required subject 68 修 行 shugyō training, study SETSU, yukii snow 残 雪 zansetsu lingering snow 初 雪 hatsuyuki first snow of the year/winter 雪 空 yukizora snowy sky 雪 景 色 yukigeshiki snowy landscape 雪 国 yukiguni snowy region, snow country ± /74 49 KŌ season; weather sōrō (classical verb suffix) 天 候 tenkō weather 気 候 kikō climate 測 候 所 sokkōjo meteorological station 候 補 者 kōhosha candidate 居 候 isōrō hanger-on, parasite 8 五 里 霧 中 gori-muchū in a fog, mystified 霧 雨 kirisame misty rain, drizzle 朝 霧 asagiri morning mist/fog 夕 霧 yūgiri evening mist/fog 黒 い 霧 kuroi kiri dark machinations 0 7, 4,

213 d3. ± É / d5. ±ì / d7.3 ±ëî / ढ़ 984 3c7.4 dëî / e4.3 gä /5 46 ద姙 986 3e7.0 gëî /5 57 RO, [RŌ]] open, public tsuyu dew 露 天 で roten de outdoors, in the open air 露 店 roten street stall, booth 露 出 roshutsu (indecent/film) exposure 露 見 roken discovery, detection, exposure 朝 露 asatsuyu morning dew RAII thunder; mine, torpedo kaminarii thunder 雷 鳴 raimei thunder 落 雷 rakurai thunderbolt, bolt of lightning 雷 雨 raiu thunderstorm 地 雷 jirai (land) mine 魚 雷 gyorai torpedo SHIN, furu(eru), furu(u) tremble, shake 地 震 jishin earthquake 震 動 shindō tremor, vibration 震 度 5 shindo go magnitude 5 震 央 / 源 shin'ō, shingen epicenter 身 震 い miburui shiver, tremble, shudder , SHIN, fu(ruu) swing, wield; flourish fu(ru) wave, shake fu(reru) swing, lean toward 振 興 shinkō advancement, promotion 振 動 shindō swing, oscillation, vibration 振り替 え furikae transfer 振り返 る furikaeru turn one's head, look back NIN N conception, pregnancy 妊 婦 ninpu pregnant woman 妊 婦 服 ninpufuku maternity dress 不 妊 funin sterile, infertile 妊 産 婦 ninsanpu expectant and nursing mothers SHIN N pregnancy 妊 娠 ninshin pregnancy 妊 娠 中 絶 ninshin chūzetsu abortion , , , 8, a3.7 Yëv / 57 4 NŌ, ko(i) dark, thick, heavy, strong (coffee) 濃 度 nōdo (degree of) concentration 濃 厚 nōkō thickness, richness, strength 濃 霧 nōmu dense fog

214 ߁ ߂ ౫ ߃ ߄ ߅ ߆ 988 3d4. e_ / d0.5 ev_ /4 4 6 ඦ豐 990 3d6.3 v 4 ѝ 99 3d9.6 ew_ / க 99 3q9.3 Ãwm / 廢 993 j.5 Ntm / 4 3 օ弃 994 3f7. hm /6 3 0 帶 TŌ, [ZU], mame bean, pea; (prefix) miniature 大 豆 daizu soybean 小 豆 azuki adzuki bean 枝 豆 edamame green soybean コ ー ヒ ー 豆 kōhīmame coffee bean 豆 本 mamehon miniature book, pocket edition HŌ, yuta(ka) abundant, rich 豊 富 hōfu abundance, wealth 豊 作 hōsaku good harvest 豊 漁 hōryō good catch (of fish) 豊 年 hōnen fruitful year 豊 満 hōman plump, voluptuous, buxom EN, tsuya gloss, luster; charm, romance, love ade(yaka) charming, fascinating 艶 美 enbi voluptuous charm, bewitching beauty 艶 事 tsuyagoto love affair, romance 艶 消 し tsuyakeshi non-glossy, frosted (glass); disappointment, disillusionment TŌ, TO, nobo(ru) climb 登 山 tozan mountain climbing 登 場 tōjō stage entrance; appearance 登 記 tōki registration 登 録 tōroku registration 登 用 tōyō appointment; promotion HAII abolish, abandon, discontinue; decay; scrapped suta(reru), suta(ru) become outmoded; decay 廃 止 haishi abolition, abrogation 廃 業 haigyō going out of business 退 廃 taihai degeneracy, decadence 廃 人 haijin cripple, invalid KII abandon, throw out, give up 廃 棄 物 haikibutsu waste (matter) 放 棄 hōki give up, renounce, waive 棄 権 kiken abstention, nonvoting; renunciation 自 棄 jiki self-abandonment 破 棄 haki destruction; annulment, revocation 99, TAII belt, zone obii belt, sash o(biru) wear; be entrusted (with) hōtai bandage 89 chitai zone, area, region, belt nettai the tropics shotai household 53 包帯 地帯 熱帯 所帯

215 ߇ ߈ ߉ ߊ ߋ ߌ 995 3a0.4 Ymh / 3 6 અ滯 996 6a4.3 óo / a4. ßO / q6. Uò /9 6 น 999 7a9.0 ùòu /67 6 TAII stay, stopping over todokō(ru) be left undone; fall into arrears, be overdue, be left unpaid 滞 在 taizai stay, sojourn 遅 滞 chitai delay, procrastination 滞 納 tainō delinquency (in payment) 沈 滞 chintai stagnation, inactivity JUN N pure 純 毛 junmō pure/00 percent wool 純 益 jun'eki net profit 純 文 学 junbungaku pure literature, belles lettres 純 日 本 風 jun Nihon-fū classical Japanese style 単 純 tanjun simple , 09 5, 5, DON, nibu(i) dull, thick, slow-witted, sluggish, blunt, dim nibu(ru) become dull/blunt, weaken 鈍 感 donkan obtuse, thick, insensitive 鈍 重 donjū dull-witted, phlegmatic, stolid 鈍 角 donkaku obtuse angle 鈍 器 donki blunt object (used as a weapon) MEI, mayo(u) be perplexed, vacillate; get lost; go astray 734, 5 迷 宮 / 路 meikyū/ro maze/labyrinth 57 迷 信 meishin superstition 959 迷 彩 meisai camouflage 570 低 迷 teimei be low, in a slump (market prices) 03 迷 子 maigo lost child nazo riddle, puzzle, enigma; hint, suggestion 字 謎 jinazo kanji puzzle (inferring a kanji from a cryptic description of its parts) 0 9 ఉ 000 q5.3 Ut[ /9 4 ࢧ 00 4k8.6 áãe /5 5 4 JUTSU, no(beru) state, mention, refer to, explain 供 述 kyōjutsu testimony, deposition 記 述 kijutsu description 上 述 jōjutsu above-mentioned 口 述 kōjutsu oral statement; dictation 著 述 家 chojutsuka writer, author WAKU, mado(u) go astray, be misguided, be tempted 迷 惑 meiwaku trouble, inconvenience 当 惑 tōwaku puzzlement, confusion 思 惑 omowaku opinion, intention, expectation 惑 星 wakusei planet 戸 惑 い tomadoi become disoriented/flurried ,

216 ߍ ߎ ߏ ߐ ߑ ߒ 00 3b8.3 bãe / 5 4 Ϸ 003 a5.4 Aû} / s5. O /4 ۆ 005 a8.36 AeO /3 4 ۃ 个 006 8a8. IKII region, area 地 域 chiiki region, area, zone 区 域 kuiki boundary, zone, district 領 域 ryōiki territory, domain 流 域 ryūiki (river) basin, valley 聖 域 seiiki sacred ground SHŌ, tsuguna(u) make up for, compensate, indemnify, atone for 90 補 償 hoshō compensation, indemnification 74 弁 償 benshō compensation, reimbursement 698 報 償 hōshō compensation, remuneration 56 代 償 daishō compensation, idemnification 93 無 償 mushō free of charge, gratis KO, kata(i) hard kata(maru) (intr.) harden kata(meru) (tr.) harden 6 固 体 kotai a solid 65 固 有 koyū own, peculiar, characteristic 356 固 定 kotei fixed; hold fast to, persist in, insist on 7 強 固 kyōko firm, solid, strong KO individual, (counter for various objects) 個 人 kojin an individual 個 体 kotai an individual 個 性 kosei individuality 個 別 的 kobetsuteki individual, separate 一 個 ikko one piece , 0 KO tie, bind 禁 錮 罰 kinko(batsu) imprisonment 49, 907 ßeO / a5.6 teo /4 4 ێ 008 h3. LÎ /9 8 KO, ka(reru) wither ka(rasu) blight, let wither 枯 死 koshi wither away, die 栄 枯 eiko ups and downs, vicissitudes 枯 れ 木 kareki dead/withered tree 枯 れ 葉 kareha dead/withered leaf 木 枯 らし kogarashi cold winter wind HI, kawa skin, hide, leather, pelt, bark, rind 皮 肉 hiniku irony 皮 相 hisō superficiality, shallowness 毛 皮 kegawa fur 皮 細 工 kawazaiku leatherwork 皮 切り kawakiri beginning, start , 39 39

217 ߓ ߔ ߕ ߖ ߗ ߘ 009 5e5.3 ëîl / i5. kîl / d5.8 ê}^ / 稱 0 3h5. j}^ / ๆ 03 8b5.3 h^ / ऱ餝 04 d6.5 G /7 77 ༫ 05 3q8.4 Ã G / HI, kōmu(ru) incur, suffer, receive 57, 64 被 害 者 higaisha victim 703, 被 告 人 hikoku(nin) defendant 被 選 挙 資 格 hisenkyo shikaku eligibility for election 84, 85, 763, 被 服 hifuku covering, coating HII he, that kare he [kano]] that 彼 岸 higan equinoctal week; the other shore 彼 ら karera they 彼 氏 kareshi he; boyfriend, lover 彼 女 kanojo she; girlfriend, lover SHŌ name, title 名 称 meishō name, designation 愛 称 aishō term of endearment, pet name 尊 称 sonshō honorific title 称 号 shōgō title, degree 相 / 対 称 sō/taishō symmetry , 366 ya all the more, increasingly 弥 次 馬 yajiuma bystanders, spectators, crowd of onlookers 36, 385, 弥 生 yayoi third lunar month; spring 弥 生 時 代 Yayoi jidai Yayoi period (00 B.C. 50 A.D.) 4, 56 阿 弥 陀 Amida Amida Buddha SHOKU, kaza(ru) decorate, adorn 修 飾 shūshoku embellishment; modify (in grammar) 飾り付 け kazaritsuke decoration 飾り気 kazarike affectation, love of display 首 飾り kubikazari necklace, choker 着 飾 る kikazaru dress up RŌ man, husband; (suffix for male given names) 新 郎 新 婦 shinrō-shinpu bride and groom 郎 党 rōtō vassals, retainers 野 郎 yarō guy 太 郎 Tarō (male given name) 二 郎 次 郎 Jirō (male given name) RŌ corridor, hall 廊 下 rōka corridor, hall 回 廊 kairō corridor, gallery 画 廊 garō picture gallery , 74, ,

218 06 0 ߙ ߚ ߛ ߜ ഐ ߝ ߞ 06 0a5.34 v@ 4 ܠ 07 0a.5 Ҁ 08 0a5. ] [ 4 0 KŌ A, No. (in a series); shell, tortoise shell KAN N high-pitched 8 甲 種 kōshu Grade A, first class 3 甲 鉄 kōtetsu armor, armor plating 90 甲 高 い kandakai high-pitched, shrill 44 生 き 甲 斐 ikigai something worth living for OTSU U B, No. (in a series), the latter; duplicate; bass (voice); strange; stylish; fine 06 甲 乙 kō-otsu A and B; discrimination, gradation 0 乙 女 otome virgin, maiden 307 乙 な 味 otsu na aji delicate flavor HEII C, No. 3 (in a series) 甲 乙 丙 kō-otsu-hei A, B, C; Nos.,, 3 丙 午 hinoeuma (year in the Chinese 60-year cycle) 06, HEI, gara pattern, design; build; character e handle 横 柄 ōhei arrogance; one's person 人 柄 hitogara character, personality 事 柄 kotogara matters, affairs 間 柄 aidagara relation, relationship ko(u) ask (for), beg 乞 食 kojiki beggar 3 Ō, o(su) push o(saeru) restrain, hold in check, suppress 押 収 ōshū confiscation 押 韻 ōin rhyme 押 し 入 れ oshiire closet, wall-cupboard 後 押 し atooshi push, support, back 押 し 付 け る oshitsukeru press against; force (upon) a5.9 t] / a3.4 ^ 5 ۯ 0 3c5.5 dv@ /3 4 Ѭ 0 3c5.7 dv@ /3 4 CHŪ Ū pull, extract 抽 出 chūshutsu extraction, sampling 抽 象 chūshō abstraction 抽 象 的 chūshōteki abstract 抽 せ ん chūsen drawing, lottery 抽 せ ん 券 chūsenken lottery/raffle ticket , 0 55

219 03 09 ߟ ຄ ߠ ߡ ߢ ߣ 03 7c5. /69 4 JIKU U axis, axle, shaft; (picture) scroll 車 軸 shajiku axle 地 軸 chijiku earth's axis 自 転 軸 jitenjiku axis of rotation , e5. ëv@ / e8.8 ëse /57 40 SHŪ, sode sleeve 領 袖 ryōshū leader, boss 半 袖 hansode short sleeves 長 袖 nagasode long sleeves 袖 口 sodeguchi edge of a sleeve, cuff suso hem, skirt, cuff; foot (of a mountain) yamasuso foot of a mountain susono foot of a mountain 山裾 裾野 4 এ 06 3c7.5 dvl /3 4 9 搜 07 3m3.3 n] /33 4 SŌ, saga(su) look/search for 634 premises 捜 査 sōsa investigation 65, 78, 634 家 宅 捜 査 kataku sōsa search of the house/ 捜 査 本 部 sōsa honbu investigation headquarters 634, 5, 捜 し 回 る sagashimawaru search around for 77 捜 し 当 てる sagashiateru find out, discover, locate U roof, house; sky 84 宇 内 udai the whole world 34, 707, 6 気 宇 広 大 kiu-kōdai magnanimous 88, 734 宇 都 宮 Utsunomiya (capital of Tochigi Prefecture) Д 08 3m5.5 nv@ / r5. sv@ /40 4 ௲屆 CHŪ Ū midair, space, heaven 宇 宙 uchū space, the universe 宇 宙 旅 行 uchū ryokō space flight 宇 宙 飛 行 士 uchū hikōshi astronaut 大 宇 宙 daiuchū macrocosm, the universe 宙 返り chūgaeri somersault 07 07,, 68 07, 539, 68, 58 6, todo(ku) reach, arrive todo(keru) report, notify; send, deliver 384, 380 欠 席 届 け kessekitodoke report of absence (school) 384, 568 欠 勤 届 け kekkintodoke report of absence (work) 93 無 届 け mutodoke (absence) without notice 50 届 け 先 todokesaki where to report; receiver's address 7

220 ߤ ߥ ߦ ߧ ߩ ߪ 030 3c4. ds[ /3 40 ઝ擇 03 3a4.8 Ys[ / 40 ટ澤 03 f3.3 e a5.4 YeK / c5.4 vek / d9. wve / c4.3 ªw /73 44 TAKU U selection, choice 選 択 sentaku selection, choice 選 択 科 目 sentaku kamoku an elective (subject) 採 択 saitaku adoption, selection 二 者 択 一 nisha-takuitsu either-or alternative TAKU, sawa swamp, marsh; blessing 光 沢 kōtaku luster, gloss 贅 沢 zeitaku luxury, extravagance 毛 沢 東 Mō Takutō Mao Zedong, Mao Tse-tung 金 沢 Kanazawa (capital of Ishikawa Prefecture) 84 84, 30, , 64, 38 87, 7 3 SHŌ (honorific) summon me(su) (honorific) summon; eat, drink; wear, put on; take (a bath/bus); buy 44 召 集 shōshū convene (the Diet) 846 応 召 ōshō be drafted, called up 3 召 し 上 が る meshiagaru eat, drink, have (polite) 79 お 召 し 物 omeshimono clothes, item of clothing (polite) SHŌ, numa swamp, marsh 沼 沢 shōtaku marsh, swamp, bog 湖 沼 koshō lakes and marshes 沼 地 numachi marshland, swampland 沼 田 numata marshy rice field 沼 津 Numazu (city, Shizuoka Prefecture) SHŌ bright, clear 4 昭 和 Shōwa (Japanese era, ) 4, 45 昭 和 6 3 年 Shōwa rokujūsan-nen 988 4, 45, 43 昭 和 年 間 Shōwa nenkan the Shōwa era 昭 和 元 年 Shōwa gannen first year of the Shōwa era (96) 4, 37, 45 SHŌ, te(ru) shine te(rasu) shine on; compare (with) te(reru) feel embarrassed 8 照 明 shōmei illumination, lighting 366 対 照 taishō contrast 73 参 照 sanshō reference 天 照 大 神 Amaterasu Ōmikami the Sun Goddess 4, 6, 30 SHŌ fire, impatience, yearning ko(gasu) scorch, singe, pine for ko(geru) get scorched ko(gareru) yearn for ase(ru) be in a hurry, hasty, impatient 69 焦 点 shōten focal point, focus 655, 8, 905 焦 熱 地 獄 shōnetsu jigoku an inferno 06 黒 焦 げ kurokoge charred, burned 8

221 ྊ ྋ 037 3b9.8 bek / 4 8 ଝ 038 4n8. ãbp /5 3 ш 039 6e9. õbl / q8.3 UÇ^ / h5. Ç^O /48 5 ߵ 04 4h7. Ç^] / ৪ 043 4h0. Çm^ /48 3 ց 5 CHŌ super-, ultra-; be above ko(su) go beyond, exceed ko(eru) go beyond, exceed 49 超 過 chōka excess 347, 5 超 音 速 chōonsoku supersonic speed 6, 40 超 大 国 chōtaikoku a superpower 0, 63 超 満 員 chōman'in crowded beyond capacity ETSU, ko(su) cross, go over, exceed; (short for) Vietnam ko(eru) cross, go over; clear, surmount 超 越 chōetsu transcendence; overstepping one's authority 越 境 ekkyō jumping the border 6 引 っ 越 す hikkosu move, change residences 58 勝 ち 越 し kachikoshi a net win, being ahead SHU, omomukii purport, gist; taste; elegance; appearance 趣 味 shumi interest, liking, taste; hobby 趣 向 shukō plan, idea 趣 意 shui purport, meaning; aim, object 情 趣 jōshu mood; artistic effect 野 趣 yashu rural life and beauty, rusticity YŪ, [YU], aso(bu) play, enjoy oneself, be idle 遊 歩 道 yūhodō promenade, mall, boardwalk 周 遊 券 shūyū(ken) excursion (ticket) 遊 説 yūzei speaking tour, political campaigning 遊 休 yūkyū idle, unused 遊 び 相 手 asobiaite playmate , 49 9, , 57 SHI, SE, hodoko(su) give, bestow; carry out, perform, conduct 586 施 設 shisetsu facilities, institution 68 施 行 shikō enforce; put in operation 49 施 政 shisei administration, governing 03 実 施 jisshi carry into effect, enforce, implement SEN N go around, revolve, rotate 旋 回 senkai turning, revolving, circling 周 旋 shūsen good offices, mediation 旋 律 senritsu melody 旋 風 senpū whirlwind, cyclone, tornado 斡 旋 assen good offices, mediation KI, hata flag, banner 国 旗 kokki flag (of a country) 校 旗 kōki school banner/flag 半 旗 hanki flag at half-mast 星 条 旗 seijōki the Stars & Stripes (U. S. flag) 旗 色 hatairo the tide of war; things, the situation ,

222 ߴ ߵ 044 0a6. eo[ 4 ຮ 045 0a7. v][ 4 4 ܖ 046 5a7. çv] / ܢ 047 4a7. tv] /4 4 4 RII an official 官 吏 kanri an official 吏 員 riin an official 能 吏 nōri capable official 吏 党 ritō party of officials KŌ, sara anew, again, furthermore fu(kasu) stay up till late (at night) fu(keru) grow late 57 変 更 henkō alteration, change, modification 690, 66 更 衣 室 kōishitsu clothes-changing room 45, 456 更 年 期 kōnenki menopause 44 更 生 kōsei rebirth, rehabilitation KŌ, kata(i) hard, firm 硬 質 kōshitsu hard, rigid 硬 度 kōdo (degree of) hardness 硬 化 kōka hardening 硬 貨 kōka coin; hard currency 強 硬 kyōkō firm, unyielding KŌ block, close off 梗 塞 kōsoku myocardial infarction 桔 梗 kikyō Chinese bellflower, balloonflower 桔 梗 色 kikyōiro dark violet 04 KŌ, kama(eru) build, set up; assume a posture/position kama(u) mind, care about; meddle in; look after 機 構 kikō mechanism, structure, organization 構 成 kōsei composition, makeup 構 想 kōsō conception, plan 心 構 え kokorogamae mental attitude, readiness ܙ 048 4a0.0 tmb /4 3 ܚ 049 7b0.3 ûmb / a0.9 Ymb / 3 KŌ buy, purchase 購 入 kōnyū purchase 購 入 者 kōnyūsha purchaser, buyer 購 買 kōbai purchase 購 読 kōdoku subscription 購 読 料 kōdokuryō subscription price/fee KŌ, mizo ditch, gutter, groove 下 水 溝 gesuikō drainage ditch, sewage pipe 海 溝 kaikō an ocean deep, sea trench 日 本 海 溝 Nihon/Nippon Kaikō Japan Deep/Trench ܟ 0 5 5, , 39 3, 7 5, 5, 7

223 ߺ 05 7a3. ùëm / ब讓 05 4c. vmy /4 3 බ 053 4d5. wvm / ౻ 054 3c.7 dü / ڃ 055 4b4.8 u L / ۓ 056 3a3. YvÇ / 4 48 ڄ 057 7a3.3 ù~ /67 37 JŌ, yuzu(ru) transfer, assign; yield, concede 譲 歩 jōho concession, compromise 割 譲 katsujō cede (territory) 互 譲 gojō mutual concession 譲り渡 す yuzuriwatasu turn over, transfer 親 譲り oyayuzuri inheritance from a parent BŌ, aba(reru) act violently, rage, rampage, run amuckk [BAKU], aba(ku) disclose, expose, bring to light 暴 力 団 bōryokudan gangster syndicate 暴 風 bōfū high winds, windstorm 乱 暴 ranbō violence, roughness 暴 露 bakuro expose, bring to light BAKU U explode 爆 発 bakuhatsu explosion 爆 発 的 bakuhatsuteki explosive 原 爆 genbaku atomic bomb 被 爆 者 hibakusha bombing victim 爆 薬 bakuyaku explosives GEKI, u(tsu) attack; fire, shoot 攻 撃 kōgeki attack 反 撃 hangeki counterattack 爆 撃 bakugeki bombing raid 撃 沈 gekichin (attack and) sink 目 撃 者 mokugekisha eyewitness , , , , 64 KO, mata thigh; crotch 40, 47 股 関 節 kokansetsu hip joint 84 内 股 uchimata inner thigh 二 股 futamata bifurcation, fork; (have/play it) two ways; 3 fence-sitting GEKI, hage(shii) violent, fierce, strong, intense 過 激 派 kagekiha radicals, extremist faction 感 激 kangeki deep emotion/gratitude 激 情 gekijō violent emotion, passion 激 動 gekidō violent shaking; excitement, stir 激 流 gekiryū swift current 49, TŌ, u(tsu) attack, defeat 検 討 kentō examination, investigation, study 討 論 tōron debate, discussion 討 議 tōgi discussion, deliberation, debate 討 ち 死 に uchijini fall in battle 討 ち 取 る uchitoru capture; kill

224 ࠀ ࠁ ࠂ ࠃ ࠄ ࠅ 058 7a.3 ù] / c.3 d] /3 4 ੲ 060 3c4.8 d L /3 0 9 ய 06 4j4. Ü O /49 0 ѯ歐 06 4a4. t O /4 0 আ樞 063 6b5.6 /6 50 ૐ斷 064 6a7.8 óò@ /6 6 ٲ 繼 TEII correcting 訂 正 teisei correction, revision 校 訂 kōtei revision 改 訂 kaitei revision 増 訂 zōtei revised and enlarged (edition) DA, u(tsu) hit, strike 打 開 dakai a break, development, new turn 打 算 的 dasanteki calculating, selfish, mercenary 打 楽 器 dagakki percussion instrument 打 ち 合 わ せ uchiawase previous arrangement 打 ち 消 し uchikeshi denial; negation , 0 359, TŌ, na(geru) throw 投 票 tōhyō vote 投 書 tōsho letter to the editor, contribution 投 資 tōshi investment 投 機 tōki speculation 投 影 tōei projection Ō Europe 95 欧 州 Ōshū Europe 7 西 欧 Seiō Western Europe 4 欧 米 Ō-Bei Europe and America/the U. S. 95, 446, 59 欧 州 連 合 Ōshū Rengō the European Union 北 欧 諸 国 hokuō shokoku Scandinavian countries 73, 880, 40 SŪ Ū pivot 枢 軸 sūjiku pivot, axis, center 中 枢 chūsū center 枢 要 sūyō important 枢 密 sūmitsu state secret DAN N decision, judgment kotowa(ru) decline, refuse; give warning; prohibit ta(tsu) cut off 決 断 ketsudan (prompt) decision, resolution 油 断 yudan inattention, negligence 横 断 ōdan crossing 断 念 dannen abandonment, giving up KEI, tsu(gu) follow, succeed to, inherit 後 継 kōkei succession 継 承 keishō succession, inheritance 継 続 keizoku continuance 中 継 chūkei (radio/tv) relay, hookup 受 け 継 ぐ uketsugu inherit, succeed to

225 ࠆ ࠇ ࠈ ࠉ ࠊ ࠋ 065 f5. IO /6 ಜ 066 a5.4 AO_ /3 6 HAN N stamp, seal BAN N (paper) size 判 断 力 handan(ryoku) judgment 判 決 hanketsu a decision, ruling 判 事 hanji a judge 公 判 kōhan (public) trial 判 明 hanmei become clear, be ascertained 063, HAN, BAN, tomona(u) go with, accompany; entail, be accompanied by, be associated with 98 同 伴 dōhan keep (someone) company 46 相 伴う aitomonau accompany ಛ 067 7a5.3 ù]_ / c4.3 dp / a9. ùvp /67 4 HYŌ criticism, comment 評 論 hyōron criticism, critique, commentary 論 評 ronpyō criticism, comment, review 評 価 hyōka appraisal 評 判 hyōban fame, popularity; rumor, gossip 書 評 shohyō book review HII critique 批 判 hihan critique 批 判 的 hihanteki critical 批 評 hihyō critique, criticism, review 批 評 眼 hihyōgan critical eye 文 芸 批 評 bungei hihyō literary criticism KAII order, harmony 諧 謔 kaigyaku jest, humor 諧 謔 的 kaigyakuteki humorous, witty , , 867, 44, ᥭ 070 4n3.3 NII two (in documents) 弐 万 円 niman'en 0,000 yen 6, 3 /5 4 ఘ貳 07 4n5.3 ãp /5 3 ഭ BU, MU U military 武 器 buki weapon, arms 武 力 buryoku military force 武 道 budō military arts 武 士 bushi samurai, warrior 武 者 musha warrior

226 ཤ ࠌ ࠍ ࠎ ࠏ ࠐ ࠑ 07 3c6.7 dã / ल 073 4i. Éuá / a5. Auá / k8.8 á P / a8.8 A P / c8.8 d P / c8.7 ü P / SHOKU, fu(ku), nugu(u) wipe 59 払 拭 fusshoku sweep away, wipe out 675 拭 浄 shokujō clean, wipe 790 拭 き 込 む fukikomu shine up, polish, wipe thoroughly 8, 拭 き 掃 除 fukisōji cleaning (a house) YŪ, ure(eru) grieve, be distressed, be anxious ure(i), ure(e) grief, distress, anxiety u(i) unhappy, gloomy 79 物 憂 い monoui languid, weary, listless 55 憂 き 目 ukime grief, misery, hardship 77 憂 い 顔 ureigao sorrowful face, troubled look 673 憂 さ晴 らし usabarashi diversion, distraction YŪ Ū superior; gentle; actor sugu(reru) excel yasa(shii) gentle, tender, kindhearted 656 優 勢 yūsei predominance, superiority 58 優 勝 yūshō victory, championship 50 優 先 yūsen priority 0 女 優 joyū actress HI, kana(shii) sad kana(shimu) be sad, lament, regret 悲 劇 higeki tragedy 悲 恋 hiren disappointed love 悲 鳴 himei shriek, scream 悲 観 hikan pessimism HAII actor 俳 優 haiyū 俳 句 haiku 俳 諧 haikai 俳 人 haijin actor haiku, 7-syllable Japanese poem joke; haikai, haiku haiku poet HAII exclude; reject, expel 排 気 ガ ス haikigasu exhaust gas/fumes 排 液 haieki drainage (in surgery) 排 撃 haigeki reject, denounce 排 日 hai-nichi anti-japanese 排 他 的 haitateki exclusive, cliquish , 0 HAII fellow, colleague, companion 50 先 輩 senpai one's senior (at school/ work) 48 後 輩 kōhai one's junior, younger people 45 年 輩 nenpai age, elderliness 同 年 輩 の 人 dōnenpai no hito someone of the same 98, 45, 53 age 輩 出 haishutsu appear one after another 4

227 ࠒ ࠓ ࠔ ࠕ 079 3i.3 kèá / 悳 080 6e.3 õèá / ଗ聽 08 4c. vp / c6.5 dvp / b6.7 uvp / TOKU U virtue 道 徳 dōtoku marality, morals 公 徳 kōtoku public morality 人 徳 jintoku, nintoku one's natural virtue 不 徳 futoku lack of virtue, vice, immorality 徳 川 Tokugawa (historical surname) CHŌ, ki(ku) hear, listen 聴 取 chōshu listening 聴 衆 chōshū audience 聴 講 chōkō attendance at a lecture 公 聴 会 kōchōkai public hearing 聴 覚 chōkaku sense of hearing SHI, mune purport, content, gist; instructions 趣 旨 shushi purport, content, gist 要 旨 yōshi gist, essential points 本 旨 honshi main purpose, true aim 論 旨 ronshi point/drift of an argument , SHII finger; point to, direct yubii finger sa(su) point to 76 指 導 shidō guidance, leadership 850 指 令 shirei order, instruction 8 指 名 shimei nomination, designation 356, 380 指 定 席 shiteiseki reserved seat 人 さし 指 hitosashiyubi index finger, forefinger SHI, abura (animal) fat 油 脂 yushi oils and fats 脂 身 aburami fat (of meat) 脂 っ 濃 い aburakkoi greasy, rich (foods) ࠂ 084 5d.3 êvi /56 4 KEII practice, train 稽 古 keiko practice, training, drill, rehearsal 下 稽 古 shitageiko rehearsal, run-through 7 3, 7 7 ٯ 085 7a6.3 ùvp / KEI, mō(deru) visit (a shrine, a temple; a famous place, an event) 704 造 詣 zōkei scholarship, attainments 73 参 詣 sankei temple/shrine visit; pilgrimage 初 詣 hatsumōde first shrine/temple visit in the new year 69 ٹ 5

228 ࠚ 086 e4. HÎ /7 8 4 Є 087 f6.9 Ish / j.5 / ൭ 089 j6.8 NÎL / 8 9 ದ 090 4a4. tîl /4 8 9 ಣ 09 7b4. ûîl / ಭ 09 a4.5 AÎL /3 8 9 假 IN N seal, stamp; (short for) India shirushii sign, mark 印 象 inshō impression 調 印 chōin signing, signature 印 税 inzei a royalty (on a book) 印 紙 inshi revenue stamp 矢 印 yajirushi (direction) arrow SATSU, su(ru) print 印 刷 insatsu printing 印 刷 物 insatsubutsu printed matter 増 刷 zōsatsu additional printing, reprinting 刷 新 sasshin reform 刷り直 す surinaosu reprint to correct mistakes , HEN N part kata- one (of two) 破 片 hahen broken piece, fragment, splinter 断 片 danpen fragment, piece, snippet 木 片 mokuhen block/chip of wood, wood shavings 片 目 katame one eye 片 道 katamichi one way, each way HAN N printing block/plate; printing; edition 出 版 社 shuppansha publishing house 版 権 hanken copyright 初 版 shohan first edition 改 訂 版 kaiteiban revised edition 版 画 hanga print, woodblock print HAN, BAN, ita board, plank 甲 板 kanpan, kōhan deck (of a ship) 合 板 gōban, gōhan plywood 黒 板 kokuban blackboard 床 板 yukaita floorboard 表 示 板 hyōjiban display panel , , , 65 N sell HAN 39 販 売 hanbai sales, selling 39, 43, 363 販 売 値 段 hanbai nedan selling price 自 動 販 売 機 jidō hanbaiki vending machine 6, 3, 39, 市 販 shihan marketing; commercially available 5 販 路 hanro market (for goods), outlet KA, [KE], karii temporary, provisional, tentative, supposing 仮 説 kasetsu hypothesis, supposition 仮 定 katei supposition, assumption, hypothesis 仮 面 kamen a mask 仮 名 kamei fictitious name kana kana (hiragana, katakana) 仮 病 kebyō pretended illness, malingering

229 ࠤ 093 3m0.3 nûm / Թ 094 g. Kª^ / KAN N leniency, generosity 寛 大 kandai magnanimity, tolerance, leniency 寛 容 kan'yō magnanimity, generosity, forbearance 寛 厚 kankō generous, large-hearted 寛 厳 kangen severity and leniency KAN, susu(meru) recommend, offer, advise, encourage 勧 告 kankoku recommendation, advice 勧 業 kangyō encouragement of industry 勧 進 kanjin soliciting religious contributions Բ勸 095 4j. ܪ^ / Ն歡 096 a0.5 AeO /3 4 ϝ 097 6a0.7 óeo /6 4 ϭ 098 q4.4 UÎG /9 8 7 ٿ 099 a4.0 AÎG /3 8 7 KAN N joy, pleasure 歓 待 kantai hospitality 歓 談 kandan pleasant chat 歓 声 kansei shout of joy, cheer 歓 楽 街 kanrakugai amusement center 歓 心 を 買う kanshin o kau curry favor , 86 97, 4 偉大 偉人 偉才 偉業 偉観 I, era(i) great, eminent, extraordinary, excellent idai great, mighty, grand ijin great man isai man of extraordinary talent igyō great achievement ikan a spectacular sight I woof (horizontal thread in weaving); latitude 緯 度 ido latitude 緯 線 isen a parallel (of latitude) 北 緯 hokui north latitude 南 緯 nan'i south latitude 経 緯 keii longitude and latitude; the details GEI, muka(eru) go to meet, receive, invite, send for 095 歓 迎 kangei welcome 59 迎 合 geigō flattery 447 送 迎 sōgei welcome and sendoff 出 迎 え demukae meeting (someone) on arrival, reception 迎 え 撃 つ mukaeutsu fight to repulse (an attack) GYŌ, [KŌ], ao(gu) look up at; look up to, respect, ask for, rely (on) ō(se) what you say, (your/his) wish 66 仰 視 gyōshi look up (at) 4 仰 天 gyōten be astonished, frightened 57 信 仰 shinkō faith, religious conviction 99 仰 向 け aomuke facing upward, on one's back, supine 7

230 00 06 ഭ ഫ ࠨ 00 3c4. dîg / YOKU, osa(eru) hold down/in check, suppress, control 抑 制 yokusei control, restrain, suppress 抑 留 yokuryū dentention, internment 抑 止 yokushi deter, stave off 抑 揚 yokuyō rising and falling of tones, intonation AII push open 3c7. d ` / ζ 0 3c6.3 d{@ /3 30 SATSU U be imminent 挨 拶 aisatsu greeting, salutation, courtesy call; address, message 0 03 e5. HÎ@ / k8. Oó / f6.5 ìó / f6.7 ìm_ /58 3 Ϫ 6 RAN, tamago egg 鶏 卵 keiran (hen's) egg 産 卵 sanran egg-laying, spawning 卵 黄 ran'ō yolk 卵 管 rankan Fallopian tube, oviduct 卵 形 tamagogata, rankei egg-shaped, oval SAKU U rope, cord; search for 6 索 引 sakuin an index 06 premises 捜 索 sōsaku search 家 宅 捜 索 kataku sōsaku search of the house/ 65, 78, 探 索 tansaku search, inquiry, investigation 99 思 索 shisaku thinking, speculation, contemplation RUII accumulate, pile up 7, 75 累 加 / 増 ruika/zō acceleration, successive 667 increase 累 積 ruiseki accumulation, cumulative 340 累 計 ruikei (sum) total 93 係 累 keirui family encumbrances, dependents 443 累 進 ruishin successive/progressive promotions I, koto uncommon, strange; difference ijō unusual, abnormal ishitsu heterogeneity ikoku foreign country igi objection ikyō heathenism, paganism, heresy 異常 異質 異国 異議 異教

231 o5. Rìm / f. YOKU, tsubasa wing 左 翼 sayoku the left wing, leftist 右 翼 uyoku the right wing, rightist 両 翼 ryōyoku both wings 比 翼 の 鳥 hiyoku no tori happily married couple TAII receive 戴 冠 式 taikanshiki coronation (ceremony) , 85 73, 534 ìãm / a5.4 At /3 4 餘 0 4c9. vs / Җ d0.4 Gv} / YO, ama(ru) be left over, in excess ama(su) leave over 3,, 45 二 十 余 年 nijūyonen more than 0 years 587 余 命 yomei the rest of one's life 340 余 計 yokei too much, unwanted, uncalled-for 8 余 地 yochi room, margin 983 余 震 yoshin aftershock KA, hima free time, leisure 休 暇 kyūka holiday, vacation, time off 余 暇 yoka leisure, spare time 暇 つ ぶ し himatsubushi a waste of time, killing time 暇 取 る himadoru take a long time, be delayed 暇 な 時 hima na toki leisure time, when one is free GEKI, sukii crevice, crack, opening 空 隙 kūgeki gap, opening 間 隙 kangeki gap, opening, crevice 隙 間 sukima crevice, opening, gap, space څ d7.0 GtA / i7. kta /9 4 3 JO, [JI]] exclude; division (in math) nozo(ku) exclude; remove 48 解 除 kaijo cancellation 8 除 名 jomei remove (someone's) name, expel 83 除 外 jogai except, exclude 746 免 除 menjo exemption 65 取り除く torinozoku remove, rid JO slowly 徐 々 に jojo ni slowly, gradually 徐 行 jokō go/drive slowly 徐 歩 joho walk slowly, saunter, mosey

232 4 0 4 h7. LtA /9 4 3 敍 5 JO narrate, describe 叙 述 jojutsu description, narration 叙 景 jokei description of scenery 叙 情 詩 jojōshi lyric poem/poetry 叙 事 詩 jojishi epic poem/poetry 自 叙 伝 jijoden autobiography JŌ surplus 剰 余 金 jōyo(kin) a surplus f , , 579 6, , 3 I t m 出 生 過 剰 (shussei) kajō surplus, excess (of births) 53, 44, 49 /6 4 3 झ剩 6 a9. AtO /3 4 ࡇ 7 0a8. bm 3 ॳ 8 5c8. èbm /55 3 ॸ 9 3d8. ebm /4 余剰 剰員 yojō surplus jōin superfluous personnel, overstaffing SHA, nana(me) slanting, diagonal, oblique 斜 面 shamen a slope, slant, incline 斜 線 shasen slanting line, slash [/] 斜 辺 shahen oblique side, hypotenuse 斜 陽 shayō setting sun 斜 視 shashi squint SUI, ta(reru) (intr.) hang down, dangle, drip ta(rasu) (tr.) hang down, dangle, drip 49 垂 直 suichoku perpendicular, vertical 99 垂 線 suisen a perpendicular (line) 893 虫 垂 chūsui the appendix 30 雨 垂 れ amadare raindrops SUII sleep 睡 眠 suimin sleep 睡 眠 不 足 suimin-busoku lack of sleep 午 睡 gosui nap, siesta 熟 睡 jukusui sound/deep sleep 昏 睡 状 態 konsui (jōtai) coma DA, tsuba saliva 唾 液 daeki saliva 唾 棄 daki detest, abhor , 94, , ੮ 0 TO way, road 8 途 中 tochū on the way, midway 47 U t A 前 途 zento one's future, prospects 755 途 絶 える todaeru come to a stop / country 帰 途 kito one's way home 開 発 途 上 国 (kaihatsu) tojōkoku developing 400, 96, 3, 40 q7.6 30

233 7 3b0.0 bty / 4 எ 3k7. mo] /3 4 ҥ 3 3k6. me] /3 4 4 Ԁ 4 3k0.34 mea /3 4 3 م 5 a7.5 A / a7.7 Y / m0. n C / 寢 TO, nu(ru) paint 塗 料 toryō paints, paint and varnish 塗 布 tofu apply (salve) 塗り物 nurimono lacquerware 塗り立 て nuritate freshly painted 塗り替 える nurikaeru repaint, put on a new coating KA, [KE], hana flower, florid, showy, brilliant 49 華 道 kadō (Japanese) flower arranging 405 華 美 kabi splendor, pomp, gorgeousness 8, 39, 43 中 華 料 理 chūka ryōri Chinese food/cooking 中 華 人 民 共 和 国 Chūka jinmin kyōwakoku People's Republic of China 8,, 77, 96, 4, 40 KAKU U reform kawa leather 革 命 kakumei revolution 革 新 kakushin reform 改 革 kaikaku reform, reorganization 変 革 henkaku reform, innovation, revolutionize 皮 革 hikaku leather KA, kutsu shoe 製 靴 seika shoemaking 革 靴 kawagutsu leather shoes 靴 下 kutsushita socks, stockings 靴 屋 kutsuya shoe store 靴 一 足 kutsu issoku one pair of shoes , 58 SHIN, oka(su) invade, violate, infringe on, damage 860 侵 略 shinryaku aggression, invasion 5 侵 入 shinnyū invasion, raid, trespass 57 侵 害 shingai infringement 不 可 侵 条 約 fukashin jōyaku nonaggression 94, 390, 573, 3 pact 侵 食 shinshoku erosion, weathering SHIN, hita(ru) be soaked, steeped hita(su) dip, immerse 浸 水 shinsui inundation, submersion 浸 出 shinshutsu exuding, oozing out, percolation 浸 食 shinshoku erosion, corrosion 水 浸 し mizubitashi submersion, inundation SHIN, ne(ru) go to bed, sleep ne(kasu) put to bed 寝 室 shinshitsu bedroom 寝 台 shindai bed 寝 具 類 shingu(rui) bedclothes, bedding 昼 寝 hirune nap, siesta 寝 苦 し い negurushii unable to sleep well ,

234 8 34 ಛ ࡀ ࡁ 8 SŌ, ha(ku) sweep (ō)sōji (general) housecleaning 清 掃 夫 seisōfu street sweeper, cleaning man 掃 除 婦 sōjifu cleaning lady 掃 討 sōtō sweeping, clearing, mopping up 一 掃 issō sweep away, eradicate, stamp out 3c8. 大 掃 除 d h / ਪ 9 o8. R ] / ڔ 30 8a0.8 ß _ /7 39 6, 67, 35, KEN N combine, double as ka(neru) combine, double as; (as suffix) cannot 兼 業 kengyō a side business 兼 任 kennin hold posts (simultaneously) 待 ち 兼 ね る machikaneru cannot wait 気 兼 ね kigane feel constraint, be afraid of giving trouble kama sickle 鎌 を か け る kama o kakeru trick someone (into confessing), ask a leading question 6 Ԣ 3 o8.7 Ä 46 kama kettle, cooking pot 茶 釜 chagama teakettle 電 気 釜 denkigama electric rice-cooker 釜 飯 kamameshi rice dish served in a small pot 5 08, ԡ 3 3d9.9 e / JIN, tazu(neru) search for; ask, inquire 尋 問 jinmon questioning, interrogation 尋 常 jinjō normal, ordinary 尋 ね 人 tazunebito person being sought, missing person d5.7 êu / b5. òu /6 43 ਓ SO crop tax, tribute 租 税 sozei taxes 地 租 chiso land tax 租 借 soshaku lease (land) 租 借 地 soshakuchi leased territory SO, ara(i) coarse, rough 粗 末 somatsu coarse, plain, crude, rough, rude 粗 暴 sobō wild, rough, rude, violent 粗 野 soya rustic, loutish, vulgar, ill-bred 粗 悪 soaku coarse, crude, base, inferior 粗 食 soshoku coarse food, plain diet ,

235 35 4 ࡂ ࡃ ࡄ ࡅ ࡆ ࡇ 35 d5. Gu /7 43 SO, haba(mu) obstruct, prevent, impede 阻 止 soshi obstruct, impede 阻 害 sogai check, impediment, hindrance 険 阻 kenso steep, precipitous, rugged ਘ 36 3g5.3 iu / m5.7 nu / f7.3 ìu / ऩ疊 39 3c9.7 d}l / є 40 6a9.8 ó}l / Ւ 4 6f6.4 úuk / SO, nera(u) aim at 狙 撃 狙 い 撃 ち sogeki, neraiuchi shooting, sharpshooting; sniping , 798, 57 狙 撃 兵 / 手 sogekihei/shu sharpshooter 054, 64 狙 撃 者 sogekisha sniper 9 付 け 狙う tsukenerau prowl after, stalk GII good, all right 便 宜 bengi convenience, expediency 便 宜 上 bengijō for convenience/expediency 時 宜 jigi right time/opportunity 適 宜 tekigi suitable, appropriate, fitting , JŌ, tatamii tatami, straw floor-mat tata(mu) fold up 四 畳 半 yojōhan 4 /-mat room 畳 表 tatami-omote woven covering of a tatami 畳 替 え tatamigae replace old tatami with new ones 畳 屋 tatamiya tatami maker/store 6, EN N help, assistance 援 助 enjo assistance, aid 応 援 ōen aid, support, backing, cheering 後 援 kōen support, backing 声 援 seien shout of encouragement, cheers, rooting 援 軍 engun reinforcements KAN, yuru(mu) become loose, abate, slacken yuru(meru) loosen, relieve, relax, slacken yuru(i) loose, generous, lax, gentle (slope), slow yuru(yaka) loose, slack, magnanimous, gentle, easy, slow 4 緩 和 kanwa relieve, ease, lighten 303 緩 急 kankyū fast and slow speed; emergency KIN, sujii muscle, tendon; blood vessel; line, reason, logic, plot (of a story), coherence, source (of information) 3 筋 肉 kinniku muscle 49 筋 道 sujimichi reason, logic, coherence 833 筋 違 い sujichigai, sujikai a cramp; illogical; wrong 3 筋 書 き sujigaki synopsis, outline, plan 33

236 4 48 ࡈ ࡉ ࡊ ࡋ ࡌ ࡍ ࡎ 4 6f9.4 úèt / f9.3 úüg / ಮ 44 0a4.34 [ 0 હ 45 6c0. ô /63 hako box 本 箱 honbako bookcase 貯 金 箱 chokinbako savings box, (piggy) bank 重 箱 jūbako nested boxes 豚 箱 butabako police lockup, jail, hoosegow 箱 根 Hakone (resort area near Mt. Fuji) 5 775, N example, model, pattern; limit HAN 範 例 hanrei example 師 範 shihan teacher, master 規 範 kihan norm, criterion 広 範 kōhan extensive, wide, far-reaching TAN N red, red lead 丹 念 tannen application, diligence 丹 誠 tansei sincerity; efforts, diligence 丹 精 tansei exertion, diligence, painstaking care 丹 前 tanzen man's padded kimono SHŪ, fune, [funa]] boat 小 舟 kobune boat, skiff 舟 遊 び funaasobi boating 舟 歌 funauta sailor's song, chantey c5. ôv@ /63 4 HAKU U ship 船 舶 senpaku ship, vessel; shipping 舶 来 hakurai imported 舶 来 品 hakuraihin imported article/goods , 30 N carry; all, general HAN 一 般 的 ippanteki general 一 般 化 ippanka generalization, popularization 全 般 zenpan the whole 全 般 的 zenpanteki general, overall 先 般 senpan recently, some time ago, 0, , c4.3 ô L / ಫ 48 5h0. ï /59 ߇ sara plate, dish, saucer 皿 洗 い saraarai washing dishes サ ラダ 一 皿 sarada hitosara plate of salad 大 皿 ōzara large dish, platter 小 皿 kozara small plate 受 け 皿 ukezara saucer

237 49 55 ࡏ ࡐ ࡑ ࡒ ࡓ ࡔ ഔ 49 5h0. ïô / ಶ BAN N (chess/go) board, tray, platter, basin 基 盤 kiban basis, foundation 円 盤 enban disk; discus 水 盤 suiban basin 終 盤 戦 shūbansen end game 鍵 盤 kenban keyboard , BON N Buddhist Festival of the Dead; tray o7.6 盆 地 bonchi basin, valley ï _ K 盆 景 bonkei miniature landscape on a tray 盆 (O)Bon the Bon Festival / お (o)bon tray h6. ïéc / வ盜 5 3b0.4 bïe / 59 4 ѣ鹽 53 s. X[ /0 54 3f3. h [ /6 0 ಠ 55 3a3. / 0 TŌ, nusu(mu) steal 強 盗 gōtō burglar, robber 盗 難 保 険 tōnan (hoken) theft (insurance) 盗 用 tōyō embezzlement; surreptitious use 盗 作 tōsaku plagiarism 盗 品 tōhin stolen goods, loot EN, shio salt 食 塩 shokuen table salt 塩 分 enbun salt content, salinity 塩 酸 ensan hydrochloric acid 塩 水 shiomizu, ensui salt water, brine 塩 入 れ shioire saltshaker 7 566, 498, BON, [HAN]] common, ordinary 凡 人 bonjin ordinary person, man of mediocre ability 0 平 凡 heibon commonplace, mediocre 560 凡 才 bonsai common ability, mediocre talent 凡 例 hanrei explanatory notes; legend (on a map/diagram) 6 HAN, ho sail 出 帆 shuppan sailing, departure 帆 走 hansō sailing 帆 船 hansen, hobune sailing ship, sailboat 帆 柱 hobashira mast HAN N overflowing, pan汎 用 han'yō all-purpose, general purpose 汎 論 hanron outline, summary 汎 太 平 洋 han-taiheiyō Pan-Pacific , 0, 89 ಥ 35

238 56 6 ࡕ ࡖ ࡗ ࡘ 56 4c5.6 vè /4 55 ය冐 57 3f9. hèv / h8. jë / ଌ BŌ, oka(su) risk, brave, defy, dare, desecrate 冒 険 bōken adventure 冒 険 小 説 bōken shōsetsu adventure novel 冒 頭 bōtō beginning, opening (paragraph) 感 冒 kanbō a cold 冒 瀆 bōtoku blasphemy, sacrilege, defilement BŌ cap, hat, headgear 帽 子 bōshi hat, cap 宇 宙 帽 uchūbō space helmet 赤 帽 akabō redcap, luggage porter 無 帽 mubō hatless, bareheaded 帽 章 bōshō badge on a cap CHŌ, ha(ru) stretch, spread 主 張 shuchō insistence, assertion, contention 出 張 shutchō business trip 出 張 所 shutchōjo branch office, agency 引 っ 張 る hipparu pull, tug at 見 張 る miharu keep watch, be on the lookout 54 54, 7, , , CHŌ notebook; register; curtain 57 手 帳 techō (pocket) notebook denwachō telephone book/directory 08, 38 電 話 帳 hë 貯 金 通 帳 (chokin) tsūchō bankbook, passbook 775, 3, 50 / 帳 面 chōmen notebook, account book 864 帳 消 し chōkeshi cancellation, writing off (debts) 3f8. ଉ 60 a5.3 Av@ / a5. óv@ / a.9 óvn /6 4 ࢡ 33 SHIN, no(biru) (intr.) stretch, extend; grow no(basu) (intr.) stretch, extend no(beru) (tr.) stretch out, extend 58 伸 張 shinchō extend, expand 3 二 伸 nishin postscript, P. S. 伸 び 伸 び nobinobi at ease, relieved, refreshed SHIN N gentleman 58 紳 士 shinshi gentleman 58, 07 紳 士 用 shinshiyō men's, for men 58, 696 紳 士 服 shinshifuku men's clothing 紳 士 協 定 shinshi kyōtei gentleman's agreement 58, 34, 356 SHUKU, chiji(maru/mu) shrink, contract chiji(meru) shorten, condense chiji(reru) become curly chiji(rasu) make curly 60 伸 縮 shinshuku expansion and contraction, flexibility 5 短 縮 tanshuku shortening, reduction 339 縮 図 shukuzu reduced/scaled-down drawing 444 軍 縮 gunshuku arms reduction 36

239 63 69 ߨ 63 q4. UÄ / q6.3 ÃÄU / c5.5 dî` /3 8 7 ӱ擴 66 3i5.3 k /9 38 ছ 67 q5.4 UPN /9 3 ё 68 7a7.5 ùup / a.8 óûb /6 68 TEII imperial court, government office 宮 廷 kyūtei imperial court 法 廷 hōtei (law) court 開 廷 kaitei holding (law) court 出 廷 shuttei appearance in court 廷 臣 teishin court official, courtier TEI, niwa garden 家 庭 katei home, family 校 庭 kōtei schoolyard, school grounds 庭 球 teikyū tennis 庭 園 teien garden 前 庭 maeniwa, zentei front garden KAKU U extend, expand 拡 大 kakudai magnification, expansion 拡 大 鏡 kakudaikyō magnifiying glass 拡 張 kakuchō extension, expansion 拡 散 kakusan diffusion, scattering, proliferation 拡 声 器 kakuseiki loudspeaker 6 6, , 536 SEII conquer 征 服 seifuku conquer, subjugate 征 服 者 seifukusha conqueror 出 征 shussei going to the front, taking the field 遠 征 ensei (military) expedition; playing tour 長 征 chōsei the Long March (in China) , EN, no(basu/beru) lengthen, prolong, postpone no(biru) be postponed, delayed, prolonged 95 延 長 enchō extension 456 延 期 enki postponement, extension 75 遅 延 chien delay, being behind time 6 引 き 延 ば す hikinobasu draw out, prolong, enlarge TAN N birth 44 誕 生 tanjō birth 44, 5 誕 生 日 tanjōbi birthday 44, 870 誕 生 祝 い tanjōiwai birthday celebration 生 誕 百 年 seitan (hyakunen) (centenary of someone's) birth 44, 4, 45 SEKII achievements; spinning 6 成 績 seiseki performance, results 6, 7 成 績 表 seisekihyō list of grades, report card 業 績 gyōseki work, achievements; business performance 功 績 kōseki meritorious service 03 実 績 jisseki record of performance, actual results 37

240 a. Aûb /3 68 ݿ 7 3d3. eî /4 8 SAII debt, loan 負 債 fusai debt, liabilities 国 債 kokusai national debt, public loan 債 券 saiken bond, debenture 債 権 者 saiken(sha) credit(or) 債 務 者 saimu(sha) debt(or) , 64 35, 64 KŌ empress 皇 后 kōgō empress 皇 后 陛 下 kōgō-heika Her Majesty the Empress 皇 太 后 kōtaigō, kōtaikō the empress dowager 97 97, 599, 3 97, 639 KŌ manuscript, draft 原 稿 用 紙 genkō (yōshi) manuscript (paper) 草 稿 sōkō rough draft, notes 投 稿 tōkō contribution (to a periodical) 稿 料 kōryō fee for a manuscript/ article/artwork 36, 07, d0.5 êen /56 4 ܣ 稾 73 5d6. ê{ /56 30 ϫ 74 3o8.7 qu /36 43 ඓ 75 5e6.9 ëão /57 5 ޖ 76 7c6.5 üão /69 5 ޗ I, utsu(ru) move (one's residence), change; be catching utsu(su) move (one's residence/ office), transfer; infect 移 動 idō moving, migration 移 転 iten move, change of address 移 住 民 i(jū)min emigrant, immigrant 移 植 ishoku transplant , HŌ collapse; (of an emperor) die kuzu(reru) fall to pieces, collapse kuzu(su) demolish; change, break (a large bill); write (cursive simplified kanji) 7 崩 御 hōgyo death of the emperor 34 山 崩 れ yamakuzure landslide 393 荷 崩 れ nikuzure a load falling off (a truck) SAII pass judgment; cut out (cloth/leather) saba(ku) pass judgment ta(tsu) cut out (cloth/leather) 裁 判 saiban trial, hearing 裁 決 saiketsu decision, ruling 独 裁 dokusai dictatorship 洋 裁 yōsai (Western-style) dressmaking SAII print; load no(ru) be recorded, appear (in print); be placed (on), be loaded no(seru) place on top of, load (luggage), publish, run (an ad) 0 満 載 mansai fully loaded 37 記 載 kisai statement, mention 446 連 載 rensai a serial 38

241 n6. SAII planting 盆 栽 bonsai a bonsai, potted dwarf tree 50 ãto /5 4 ފ 78 a7.7 Awe / ਗ਼ 79 4j7. Üwe / ດ慾 80 3a7.8 Ywe / 44 4 ຖ 8 3r7. sëm / r0. sm_ / இ 83 6a9.0 ó i /6 39 ќ 7 ZOKU U customs, manners; the world, laity; vulgar 俗 語 zokugo colloquial language 俗 名 zokumyō secular name 民 俗 minzoku folk 風 俗 fūzoku manners, customs; public morals 通 俗 文 学 tsūzoku bungaku popular literature ,, 09 YOKU U covetousness, desire hos(suru), ho(shii) desire, want 3 食 欲 shokuyoku appetite 98 性 欲 seiyoku sexual desire, sex drive 685 欲 望 yokubō desire, appetite, craving 93 無 欲 muyoku free from avarice, unselfish YOKU, a(biru) be bathed in a(biseru) pour over, shower 5 入 浴 nyūyoku bathing, (hot) bath 66 浴 室 yokushitsu bathroom 7,, 54 海 水 浴 場 kaisuiyokujō (swimming) beach 5, 38 日 光 浴 nikkōyoku sunbathing 690 浴 衣 yukata cotton kimono for summer TEN N expand 65, 58 展 示 会 tenji(kai) show, exhibition 685, 50 展 望 台 tenbōdai observation platform 75 親 展 shinten confidential 443 country 進 展 shinten development, evolution 96, 0, 3, 40 発 展 途 上 国 hatten tojōkoku developing DEN, TEN N hall, palace; mister tono lord -dono Mr. 宮 殿 kyūden palace 御 殿 goten palace 殿 下 denka His/Your Highness 湯 殿 yudono bathroom EN N relation, connection; marriage; fate; veranda fuchii edge, brink, rim, border 絶 縁 zetsuen (electrical) insulation; break off relations 因 縁 innen causality, connection, fate 縁 側 engawa veranda, porch, balcony 額 縁 gakubuchi (picture) frame

242 b.7 big / 7 7 ଭ TSUII fall 墜 落 tsuiraku 墜 死 tsuishi 撃 墜 gekitsui 失 墜 shittsui fall, (airplane) crash fatal fall, fall to one's death shoot down (a plane) loss, fall SUI, to(geru) accomplish, attain, carry through 68 q9.3 遂 行 suikō accomplish, execute, perform 63 U i _ 完 遂 kansui successful execution, completion 585,, 306 未 遂 (satsujin) misui attempted (murder) /9 7 6 殺 人 6, 585, 306 自 殺 未 遂 (jisatsu) misui attempted (suicide) やり遂 げ る yaritogeru go through with, carry out ॼ 86 q7.6 Ui\ /9 7 0 ૩ 87 4k3. ái / ݤ 88 3b3.6 b i / 77 CHIKU U one by one; drive away 5 放 逐 hōchiku expulsion, banishment 逐 語 訳 chikugoyaku word-for-word/literal translation 67, 逐 次 chikuji one after another, one by one 逐 一 chikuichi one by one, in detail 08 逐 電 chikuden abscond, make a getaway KON, nengo(ro) intimacy, friendship 懇 談 会 kondankai get-together, friendly discussion 懇 親 会 konshinkai social gathering 懇 意 kon'i intimacy, friendship 懇 切 konsetsu cordial; exhaustive, detailed 懇 願 kongan entreaty, earnest appeal 603, 58 75, N opening up farmland, cultivation KON 開 墾 kaikon clearing, reclamation (of land) 開 墾 地 kaikonchi developed/cultivated land , 8 7 ݡ 89 4i. É /49 0 處 90 3c5.6 dé / ח 據 SHO deal with, treat; sentence, condemn; behave, act 処 分 shobun disposal, disposition; punishment 処 置 shochi disposition, measures, steps 処 理 shori treat, manage, deal with 対 処 taisho cope with, tackle 処 女 shojo virgin KYO, KO be due to, based on 根 拠 konkyo basis, grounds 拠 点 kyoten (military) position, base 準 拠 junkyo be based on, conform to 論 拠 ronkyo grounds/basis of an argument 証 拠 shōko evidence

243 9 97 ฏ 9 o0. RÄe / 譱 9 6a. óäe /6 46 ZEN, yo(i) good 善 悪 zen'aku good and evil; quality (whether good or bad) 善 良 zenryō good, honest, virtuous 善 意 zen'i good intentions; favorable sense 親 善 shinzen friendship 改 善 kaizen improvement, betterment ZEN, tsukuro(u) repair, mend 修 繕 shūzen repair 営 繕 eizen building and repairing b. uäe / p3. re / a6.7 ùbe / p9. re_ / 4 6 յ 97 4a.3 tbe /4 4 ZEN N (low Japanese) dining table; filled ricebowl; (counter for pairs of chopsticks) 3 食 膳 shokuzen dining table 一 膳 ichizen a bowl (of rice); a pair (of chopsticks) お 膳 立 て ozendate arrangement, preparations KICHI, KITSU U good luck 吉 報 kippō good news, glad tidings 吉 日 kichinichi lucky day 不 吉 fukitsu ill omen, portentous 石 部 金 吉 Ishibe Kinkichi man of strict morals 吉 田 Yoshida (surname) , 86, 3 35 KITSU U packed tsu(meru) cram, stuff; shorten tsu(maru) be stopped up, be jammed; shrink; be cornered tsu(mu) be pressed/ packed in 6 詰 問 kitsumon cross-examination, tough questioning 790 詰 め 込 む tsumekomu cram, stuff 34 気 詰 まり kizumari embarrassment, awkwardness KI, yoroko(bu) be glad 喜 劇 kigeki a comedy 歓 喜 kanki joy, delight 狂 喜 kyōki wild joy, exultation 一 喜 一 憂 ikki-ichiyū alternation of joy and sorrow 大 喜 び ōyorokobi great joy JU U tree, bush 樹 木 jumoku tree 果 樹 kaju fruit tree 樹 皮 juhi bark (of a tree) 樹 脂 jushi resin 樹 立 juritsu establish, found ,,

244 b. ube /43 4 ල 99 4b4.7 uol /43 9 ࠁ 00 3p0. re_ / 4 6 皷 0 3j.3 lol /3 9 ಐ髮 0 3j8. lbe / n3.4 ok@ / a4.3 ç}@ /53 35 ݸ BŌ, fuku(reru), fuku(ramu) swell, bulge, rise (dough), expand; sulk, pout 6 膨 大 bōdai swelling; large, enormous 58 膨 張 bōchō swelling, expansion 74 膨 れ っ 面 fukurettsura sullen/sulky look 3 下 膨 れ shimobukure full-cheeked, round-faced SHII limbs 肢 体 shitai 下 肢 kashi 上 肢 jōshi 四 肢 shishi limbs; body and limbs lower limbs, legs upper limbs, arms the limbs, members KO, tsuzumii hand drum 太 鼓 taiko drum 鼓 手 koshu drummer 鼓 動 kodō (heart) beat 鼓 舞 kobu encouragement, inspiration HATSU, kamii hair (on the head) 散 髪 sanpatsu haircut, hairdressing 洗 髪 senpatsu hair washing, a shampoo 間 一 髪 kan'ippatsu by a hairsbreadth 金 髪 kinpatsu blond 白 髪 hakuhatsu, shiraga white/gray hair , 3 05 CHŌ, ho(ru) carve, engrave, chisel, sculpt 彫 像 chōzō carved statue 彫 金 chōkin chasing, metal carving 木 彫 mokuchō wood carving 木 彫り kibori wood carving 浮 き 彫り ukibori relief RETSU, oto(ru) be inferior to 劣 等 rettō inferiority 劣 等 感 rettōkan inferiority complex 劣 性 ressei inferior; recessive (gene) 劣 勢 ressei numerical inferiority 優 劣 yūretsu superiority or inferiority, relative merit , SA, SHA, suna sand 砂 利 jari gravel 土 砂 降り doshaburi pouring rain, downpour 土 砂 崩 れ doshakuzure washout, landslide 砂 浜 sunahama sandy beach 砂 時 計 sunadokei hourglass 39 4, 977 4, , 340 4

245 05 ఢ ణ 05 SA sand 3a4.3 / 35 ݶ 06 3a4.8 / 34 ੬ 07 5d4. ê}@ / c4. d}@ / e4.5 g}@ /5 35 ฆ 0 4a4. t]@ /4 4 盃 4a4.4 té /4 49 TA sort, select (the good) 05 沙 汰 sata news, notice; instructions; case, matter 7, 93, 05 ご/ 御 無 沙 汰 gobusata neglect to visit/write 347, 05 音 沙 汰 otosata news, tidings 淘 汰 tōta sort out; reduce (personnal); (natural/artificial) selection BYŌ second (of time/arc) 秒 針 byōshin second hand (of a clock) 数 秒 sūbyō several seconds 分 0 秒 ippun nijūbyō minute 0 seconds 秒 読 み byōyomi countdown 秒 速 5 メ ート ル byōsoku gomētoru 5 meters per second 抄録 抄本 抄訳 詩抄 SHŌ selection, summary, excerpt shōroku excerpt, abstract, summary shōhon extract, abridged transcript shōyaku abridged translation shishō a selection of poems MYŌ strange, odd; a mystery; adroitness, knack 奥 妙 ōmyō secret, mystery 妙 案 myōan good idea, ingenious plan 妙 技 myōgi extraordinary skill 妙 手 myōshu expert, master, virtuoso 絶 妙 zetsumyō miraculous, superb, exquisite HAII cup; (counter for cupfuls) sakazukii winecup (for saké) 一 杯 ippai a glass (of); a drink; full 祝 杯 shukuhai a toast 銀 杯 ginpai silver cup デ 杯 戦 Dehai(sen) Davis Cup (tournament) MAII sheet; (counter for thin, flat objects) 紙 一 枚 kami ichimai sheet of paper 何 枚 nanmai how many (sheets/plates/stamps) 枚 挙 maikyo enumerate, count, list 枚 数 maisū number of sheets 大 枚 taimai a big sum (of money) 43 80,

246 8 ྌ 4a. /4 3 0a5.4 m 3 0 册 4 a9.6 Asm / ൫ 5 q9.6 Usm / SATSU U paper money, slip of paper fuda chit, card, label 5, 3 千 円 札 sen'ensatsu,000-yen bill/note 50 札 束 satsutaba bundle/roll of bills 53, 54 改 札 口 kaisatsuguchi wicket, ticket gate 945, 7 標 / 表 札 hyōsatsu nameplate 5 入 札 nyūsatsu a bid, tender SATSU U book; (counter for books) SAKU U book 十 二 冊 jūnisatsu books/volumes 別 冊 bessatsu separate volume 分 冊 bunsatsu individual/separate volumes 冊 子 sasshi booklet, brochure, pamphlet 短 冊 tanzaku strip of fancy paper (for a poem) HEN, katayo(ru) lean, incline, be one-sided, partial 不 偏 不 党 fuhen(-futō) nonpartisan 偏 向 henkō propensity, leaning, deviation 偏 見 henken biased view, prejudice 偏 食 henshoku unbalanced diet 偏 差 hensa deviation, deflection, declination HEN N far, widespread, general 遍 歴 henreki travel, pilgrimage 遍 路 henro pilgrim 一 遍 ippen once, one time, , 94, ൲ 6 0a5. 4 ԫ 7 o9.6 Rm /6 3 ഐ 8 a6.7 Am_ /3 3 6 GA, kawara tile 瓦 解 gakai collapse, fall to pieces 瓦 礫 gareki rubble; rubbish 煉 瓦 renga brick 瓦 屋 kawaraya tilemaker; tiler; tile-roofed house 瓦 版 kawaraban tile block print BIN N bottle 花 瓶 kabin vase 瓶 詰 binzume bottled, in a glass jar ビ ー ル 瓶 bīrubin beer bottle 鉄 瓶 tetsubin iron kettle 空 き 瓶 akibin empty bottle HEII simultaneously, together awa(seru) put together, unite, 59 combine 合 併 gappei merger 59 併 合 heigō annexation, amalgamation, merger 07 併 用 heiyō use jointly/in combination 96 併 発 heihatsu (medical) complications 37 併 記 heiki write side by side/on the same page 44

247 9 5 ༢ 9 8b6.4 /77 HEI, mochii rice cake 焼 き 餅 yakimochi toasted rice cake; jealousy 柏 餅 kashiwa-mochi rice cake wrapped in an oak leaf (served at Boy s Festival on May 5) 94 0 a8.8 Am / c8.4 üma / o6. /6 38 竝 3 o0.5 Rv / ഞ 4 7a. ùv / ഥ 5 8d7. ± _ / 靈 RIN N principle, code 倫 理 rinri ethics, morals 倫 理 学 rinrigaku ethics, moral philosophy 人 倫 jinrin humanity, morality 不 倫 furin immoral, illicit 絶 倫 zetsurin peerless, unsurpassed 43 43, RIN N wheel, ring, circle; (counter for flowers) wa ring, circle, hoop, 33 loop 車 輪 sharin wheel 85 輪 番 rinban taking turns, in rotation 7, 6, 58 五 輪 大 会 Gorin (Taikai) the Olympic Games 87 競 輪 keirin bicycle race 08 指 輪 yubiwa (finger) ring HEI, nara(bu) be lined up, be in a row nara(beru) arrange, put side by side nara(bi ni) and namii ordinary, average 68 並 行 heikō parallel 6 並 列 heiretsu stand in a row; parataxis 並 木 namiki row of trees, roadside trees 0, 45 平 年 並 み heinennami as in an average/normal year FU U general, universal 普 通 futsū usual, ordinary 普 通 選 挙 fu(tsū) sen(kyo) general elections 普 遍 的 fuhenteki universal, ubiquitous 普 請 fushin building, construction 普 段 fudan usual, ordinary, everyday 50 50, 84, 85 5, FU U (sheet) music, notes, staff, score; a genealogy; record 楽 譜 gakufu (written) notes, the score 譜 面 fumen sheet music, score 暗 譜 anpu learning the notes by heart 年 譜 nenpu chronological record 系 譜 keifu genealogical chart, family tree REI, RYŌ, tama soul, spirit 3 霊 肉 reiniku body and soul/spirit 684 亡 霊 bōrei soul/spirit of a dead person 686 聖 霊 seirei the Holy Spirit 454 man 霊 園 reien cemetery park 万 物 の 霊 長 banbutsu no reichō crown of creation, 6, 79, 95 45

248 6 3 ಷ 6 3a9. Yv_ / 4 6 濕 7 9a9.5 æv_ / SHITSU, shime(ru) become damp shime(su) moisten 湿 気 shikke, shikki moisture, humidity 湿 度 shitsudo humidity 湿 地 shitchi damp ground, bog 湿 布 shippu wet compress, poultice KEN N clear, plain, obvious 露 顕 roken dicovery, disclosure, exposure 顕 著 kencho notable, striking, marked 顕 花 植 物 kenka shokubutsu flowering plant , 430, 79 ڱ 顯 8 7b5.7 ûen / a.4 Yûe / 68 4 KII valuable, noble; esteemed, your tatto(i), tōto(i) valuable, noble tatto(bu), tōto(bu) value, esteem, respect 7 貴 重 kichō valuable, precious 7, 30 貴 重 品 kichōhin valuables 貴 族 kizoku nobleman, the nobility 76 富 貴 fūki, fukki riches and honors, wealth and rank KAII destruction tsubu(su) crush, wreck; kill (time) tsubu(reru) be crushed, be destroyed; collapse 崩 潰 hōkai collapse, disintegration 噛 み 潰 す kamitsubusu chew up q.4 Uûe / ϳ 3 q0. Ues / ڮ 3 q6.4 Us /9 40 ର 0 I, [YUI]] leave behind, bequeath 遺 伝 iden heredity 遺 体 itai corpse, the remains 遺 産 isan an inheritance, estate 遺 族 izoku family of the deceased, survivors 遺 言 yuigon will, last wishes KEN N send tsuka(wasu) send, give tsuka(u) use 派 遣 haken dispatch, send (a person) 小 遣 い 銭 kozukai(sen) pocket money 気 遣 い kizukai worry, apprehension 心 遣 い kokorozukai solicitude, consideration TSUI, o(u) drive away, pursue 追 放 tsuihō banishment, purge 追 求 tsuikyū pursue, follow up 追 加 tsuika addition, supplement 追 い 風 oikaze favorable/tail wind 追 い 越 す oikosu overtake, pass ,

249 33 39 ࢠ ࢡ ࢢ 33 q5.5 /9 4 ౸ 34 a5.7 Av@ /3 4 HAKU, sema(ru) press (someone) for, urge, approach, draw near 39 切 迫 seppaku draw near, press, be imminent 00 迫 力 hakuryoku force, power, impressiveness 57 迫 害 hakugai persecution 99 窮 迫 kyūhaku straitened circumstances, poverty HAKU U elder sibling of a parent; count, earl; (short for) Brazil 画 伯 gahaku great artist, master painter 伯 母 oba aunt (elder sister of parent) 伯 父 oji uncle (elder brother of parent) ౭ 35 3a5.5 Yv@ / c5.4 dv@ / j7. Nh_ / a9.6 ùhn / a9. óhn /6 6 ୠ HAKU U anchoring; lodge to(maru) (intr.) put up (for the night), lodge to(meru) (tr.) put up (for the night), lodge 79 宿 泊 shukuhaku lodging 一 泊 ippaku overnight stay 946 漂 泊 hyōhaku wander, drift 65 泊り客 tomarikyaku house guest; (hotel) guest HAKU, HYŌ beat (in music) 拍 手 hakushu handclapping, applause 拍 車 hakusha a spur 拍 子 hyōshi time, tempo; chance, the moment 拍 子 木 hyōshigi wooden clappers 脈 拍 myakuhaku pulse TEII emperor 帝 国 teikoku empire 帝 国 主 義 teikoku shugi imperialism 帝 政 teisei imperial rule 皇 帝 kōtei emperor カ ー ル 大 帝 Kāru Taitei Charlemagne , , 55, TEI, akira(meru) give up, abandon 64 諦 観 teikan clear vision; resign oneself to 45 要 諦 yōtei secret, key, special knowledge 成 功 の 要 諦 seikō no yōtei secret of success, key to success 6, 837, 45 TEI, shi(meru) tie, tighten shi(maru) be shut, tighten 条 約 の 締 結 jōyaku no teiketsu conclusion of a treaty 573,, 取り締 まり torishimari control, supervision 締 め 切り shimekiri closing (date), deadline; tighten, stiffen 締 め 出 す shimedasu shut/lock out 47

250 40 46 ࢣ ࢤ ࢥ ࢦ ࢧ ࢨ ࢩ 40 7a4. ùç /67 48 ඥ 4 3e4. HŌ, tazu(neru), otozu(reru) visit 訪 問 hōmon visit 来 訪 raihō visit 訪 日 hōnichi visit to Japan 訪 客 hōkyaku visitor, guest 探 訪 tanbō inquiries, inquiring into BŌ, samata(geru) prevent, obstruct, hamper 妨 害 bōgai obstruction, disturbance, interference 57 gç /5 48 න 4 a0.6 AÇN /3 48 ථ 43 j7.5 Ne / 4 BŌ, katawa(ra) side 傍 観 bōkan look on, remain a spectator 傍 聴 bōchō hearing, attendance 傍 系 bōkei collateral (descendant) 傍 証 bōshō supporting evidence, corroboration 傍 受 bōju intercept, monitor (a radio message) TEII restaurant, pavilion, arbor 亭 主 teishu host; innkeeper; husband 料 亭 ryōtei (Japanese) restaurant a9.4 AeN / c0. ünb /69 33 Ԗ 46 7c3. ü] /69 4 ڭ TEII stop 停 止 teishi suspension, stopping 停 滞 teitai stagnation, accumulation 調 停 chōtei mediation, arbitration 停 留 所 teiryūjo (bus/streetcar) stop 各 駅 停 車 kakueki teisha a local (train) , 53 65, 84, 33 KATSU U a wedge; control, administration 38 管 轄 kankatsu jurisdiction, competence 38, 36, 777 管 轄 官 庁 kankatsu kanchō the proper 53 authorities 所 轄 shokatsu jurisdiction 849 統 轄 tōkatsu supervision, general control 49 直 轄 chokkatsu direct control/jurisdiction KEN N house; (counter for buildings) nokii eaves 一 軒 ikken house 軒 数 kensū number of houses 軒 並 nokinami row of houses 軒 先 nokisaki edge of the eaves; front of the house

251 47 53 ࢪ ࢫ ࢬ ว ࢭ ಚ ࢮ 47 3a3.6 Y] / 4 KAN, ase sweat 発 汗 hakkan perspire, sweat 冷 汗 reikan, hiyaase a cold sweat 汗 顔 kangan sweating from shame Շ 48 4c9.8 voa /4 3 Ի 49 4c7.4 vo^ /4 5 Ԭ 50 4c4.3 veo /4 4 KAN N main part mikii (tree) trunk 86 幹 部 kanbu key officers, executives, management 幹 事 長 kanjichō executive secretary, secretary-general 80, 根 幹 konkan basis, root, nucleus 67 語 幹 gokan stem of a word 74, 99 新 幹 線 Shinkansen New Trunk Line, bullet train KAN N dry kawa(ku) become dry, dry up kawa(kasu) dry (out), parch 473 乾 季 kanki the dry season 08, 9 乾 電 池 kandenchi dry cell, battery 79 乾 物 kanbutsu dry provisions, groceries 0 乾 杯 kanpai a toast; Cheers! KAN N Korea 韓 国 Kankoku South Korea 日 韓 Nik-Kan Japan and South Korea 在 韓 zai-kan resident/stationed in South Korea ա 5 6a8.8 óvh /6 4 6 ม緜 5 8a8.6 ßvh /7 4 MEN, wata cotton 木 綿 momen cotton 綿 布 menpu cotton (cloth) 綿 織 物 men'orimono cotton fabrics, cotton goods 海 綿 kaimen a sponge 綿 密 menmitsu minute, close, meticulous , KIN, nishikii brocade 錦 絵 nishikie colored woodblock print 錦 の 御 旗 nishiki no mihata the imperial standard 345 7, a5.33 Yv@ / 4 湶 SEN, izumii spring, fountainhead, fountain 温 泉 onsen hot spring, spa 冷 泉 reisen cold mineral spring 泉 水 sensui garden pond, fountain 源 泉 gensen fountainhead, source 平 泉 Hiraizumi (town in Tōhoku)

252 54 60 ง ࢯ ࢰ ࢱ ࢲ 54 4b9.6 uvy /43 4 SEN N gland 甲 状 腺 kōjōsen thyroid gland 乳 腺 nyūsen mammary gland 前 立 腺 zenritsusen prostate gland 06, , ৰ 55 0a4.46 m 3 ϵ 56 0a SEI, [SHŌ], i a well 53 井 泉 seisen a well 365 油 井 yusei oil well 4 天 井 tenjō ceiling 5 Tōkyō) 井 戸 ido a well 556, 03 軽 井 沢 Karuizawa (summer resort town NW of donburi, don bowl 4 天 丼 tendon bowl of rice and tempura 丼 勘 定 donburi-kanjō slipshod accounting, rough estimate 60, 356 ཋ 57 3s4. m /4 3 Ϟ圍 58 3s. A / a0.3 tm ܩ 畊 60 0a0. t O 4 4 ฮ I, kako(mu/u) surround, enclose, lay siege to 範 囲 han'i extent, scope, range 周 囲 shūi circumference, surroundings 包 囲 hōi encirclement, siege 取り囲 む torikakomu surround, enclose; besiege SHŪ Ū arrest, imprison, prisoner 囚 人 shūjin prisoner, convict 未 決 囚 miketsushū unconvicted prisoner 死 刑 囚 shikeishū criminal sentenced to death 女 囚 joshū female prisoner 免 囚 menshū released prisoner, ex-convict KŌ, tagaya(su) plow, till, cultivate 耕 地 kōchi arable land, cultivated land 耕 作 kōsaku cultivation, farming 耕 作 物 kōsakubutsu farm products 農 耕 nōkō agriculture, farming 水 耕 法 suikō(hō) hydroponics MŌ, [KŌ]] decrease 消 耗 shōmō consumption, wear and tear 消 耗 品 shōmōhin supplies, expendables 消 耗 戦 shōmōsen war of attrition 損 耗 sonmō wear and tear, loss 減 耗 genmō, genkō decrease, shrinkage , , , , , ,

253 f4. útv / a8.0 ßvm / c8.0 dvm /3 4 SEKII (family) register 戸 籍 koseki census registration 本 籍 honseki one's domicile, legal residence 除 籍 joseki removal from the register 国 籍 kokuseki nationality 書 籍 shoseki books SAKU U mix, be in disorder 錯 覚 sakkaku illusion 錯 誤 sakugo error 錯 乱 sakuran distraction, derangement 交 錯 kōsaku mixture; intricacy 倒 錯 tōsaku perversion SO give up, discontinue, set aside 措 置 sochi measures, steps 報 復 措 置 hōfuku sochi retaliatory measures , 939, 43 3 ਉ 64 3c5.3 dä /3 46 拜 65 4a6.4 t v / a.0 Y Ä / a8.3 Ye} / 4 35 ໖凉 HAI, oga(mu) pray, venerate 参 拝 sanpai visit (a shrine/grave) 礼 拝 reihai worship, (church) services 拝 見 haiken see, have a look at 拝 借 haishaku borrow 拝 み 倒 す ogamitaosu entreat (someone) into consent RAN N (newspaper) column; railing 家 庭 欄 kateiran home-life section 投 書 欄 tōshoran letters-to-the-editor column 欄 外 rangai margin (of a page) 空 欄 kūran blank column/space 欄 干 rankan railing, banister , , JUN N damp, wet; enrich uruo(su) moisten, wet, water; profit, enrich uruo(u) become wet; profit, become rich uru(mu) become wet/blurred/turbid/clouded 6 浸 潤 shinjun permeation, infiltration 39 利 潤 rijun profits 03, 04 潤 飾 / 色 junshoku embellishment RYŌ, suzu(shii) cool, refreshing suzu(mu) cool off, enjoy the evening cool 67, 33, 39 清 涼 飲 料 seiryō inryō carbonated beverage 307 涼 味 ryōmi the cool, coolness 9 涼 風 ryōfū, suzukaze cool breeze 8 夕 涼 み yūsuzumi the evening cool 5

254 b8. Ctv / a. Y[ / 冰 70 3a. Y[ / з 7 3a5.4 Y[ / и 7 7a5.4 ùy[ /67 TŌ, kō(ru) freeze kogo(eru) become frozen/numb 冷 凍 器 reitōki refrigerator, freezer 凍 結 tōketsu freeze (assets) 凍 傷 tōshō frostbite 凍 死 tōshi freeze to death 凍 え 死 に kogoejini freeze to death 85, HYŌ, kōri, hii ice 氷 山 hyōzan iceberg 氷 河 hyōga glacier 流 氷 ryūhyō floating ice, ice floe 氷 点 下 hyōten(ka) (below) the freezing point 氷 結 hyōketsu freeze (over) , EI, naga(i) long (time) 永 住 eijū permanent residence 永 遠 eien eternity 永 眠 eimin eternal sleep, death 永 続 eizoku permanence, perpetuity 永 田 町 Nagatachō (area of Tōkyō) , 8 EI, oyo(gu) swim 水 泳 suiei swimming 競 泳 kyōei swimming race 泳 法 eihō swimming style/stroke 遠 泳 en'ei long-distance swim 平 泳 ぎ hiraoyogi the breaststroke EII poem; recite, sing yo(mu) compose, write (a poem) 詠 歌 eika composition of a poem; (Buddhist) chant 詠 草 eisō draft of a poem р咏 73 0a3.7 ^[ 5 74 f6.7 IN` /6 7 KYŪ, [KU], hisa(shii) long (time) 永 久 eikyū permanence, perpetuity, eternity 長 久 chōkyū long continuance, eternity 持 久 jikyū endurance, persistence 久 遠 kuon eternity 久 し 振り hisashiburi (after) a long time KOKU U time; carve kiza(mu) cut fine, chop up, carve, engrave 0 彫 刻 chōkoku sculpture 545 深 刻 shinkoku grave, serious 4 時 刻 jikoku time 一 刻 ikkoku moment; stubborn 8 夕 刻 yūkoku evening 5

255 a6. tn` /4 7 Ӵ 76 7a6.0 ùn` /67 7 ӣ 77 7a5.9 ùla / क़ 78 4f5.6 ÄlA / ନ珎 79 4c. v@ /4 ב 舊 80 4c3.3 v_@ /4 6 ࠒ兒 8 d7. Gv^ /7 4 5 陷 KAKU U core, nucleus 核 心 kakushin core, kernel 原 子 核 genshikaku (atomic) nucleus 核 燃 料 kakunenryō nuclear fuel 核 兵 器 kakuheiki nuclear weapons 結 核 kekkaku tuberculosis 97 36, , , GAII (prefix) the said; vast 77, 36, 777 当 該 官 庁 tōgai kanchō relevant authorities 77,, 79 当 該 人 物 tōgai jinbutsu the said person 77 該 当 gaitō pertain (to), come/fall under 該 博 な 知 識 gaihaku na chishiki profound/vast learning 6, 4, 694 SHIN, mi(ru) diagnose, examine 診 察 shinsatsu medical examination 検 診 kenshin medical examination 診 断 shindan diagnosis 打 診 dashin percussion, tapping; sound out 往 診 ōshin doctor's visit to a patient, house call CHIN, mezura(shii) rare, unusual 珍 品 chinpin a rarity, curiosity 珍 談 chindan amusing story, anecdote 珍 味 chinmi a delicacy 珍 重 chinchō value highly, prize 珍 客 chinkyaku least-expected/welcome visitor KYŪ Ū old, former 旧 式 kyūshiki old-type, old-fashioned 復 旧 fukkyū recovery, restoration 新 旧 shinkyū old and new 旧 悪 kyūaku one's past misdeed 旧 約 聖 書 Kyūyaku (Seisho) Old Testament , 686, 3 JI, [NI]] small child, infant 児 童 jidō child, juvenile 育 児 園 ikujien daycare nursery 産 児 制 限 sanji seigen birth control 乳 児 nyūji (nursing) baby, infant 小 児 科 医 shōnikai pediatrician 46 46, , 433, , 30, 0 KAN, ochii(ru) fall, get, run (into), fall, be reduced otoshii(reru) ensnare, entice, capture 欠 陥 kekkan defect, shortcoming 陥 落 kanraku fall, capitulation 陥 没 kanbotsu depression, subsidence, cave-in 陥 穽 kansei pitfall, trap, plot

256 8 88 ඛ 8 4k6.6 ávo /5 4 ٤惠 83 5d9. êv} / Ͽ稻 84 5d0. êvá / KEI, E, megu(mu) bestow a favor; bless 天 恵 tenkei gift of nature, natural advantage 恩 恵 onkei benefit, favor 互 恵 gokei mutual benefit, reciprocity 知 恵 chie wisdom, sense, brains, intelligence 知 恵 者 chiesha wise/resourceful man TŌ, ine, [ina-]] rice plant 水 稲 suitō paddy rice 稲 作 inasaku rice crop 稲 荷 Inari god of harvests, fox deity 早 稲 wase (early-ripening variety of rice) 早 稲 田 Waseda (area of Tōkyō) SUI, ho ear, head (of grain) 稲 穂 inaho ear of rice 穂 先 hosaki tip of an ear/spear/knife/brush 穂 波 honami waves of grain , , 穗 85 3k8.3 mêe / ؠ 86 3k0.5 mïb /3 59 KIN N fungus, germ, bacteria 細 菌 saikin bacteria 保 菌 者 hokinsha (germ) carrier 殺 菌 sakkin sterilization 無 菌 mukin germ-free, sterilized 抗 菌 性 kōkinsei antibacterial GAI, futa cover, lid 蓋 然 性 gaizensei probability 目 蓋 mabuta eyelid , , 98 66, ӡ 87 j8.7 Nì` / k0.6 mìn /3 58 ૨ CHIKU U animal raising; domestic animals 家 畜 kachiku domestic animal, livestock 畜 産 chikusan stock raising 牧 畜 業 bokuchikugyō stock farming, cattle 畜 舎 chikusha cattle shed, barn 畜 生 chikushō beast, brute; Dammit! , CHIKU, takuwa(eru) store, save, put aside 貯 蓄 chochiku savings, saving 備 蓄 bichiku saving for emergencies, storing 蓄 積 chikuseki accumulation 蓄 電 池 chikudenchi storage battery , 9 54

257 j3. / 7 ڻ 90 3h5. jn` /8 7 ڸ 9 0a4.6 7 ڷ 9 3o6.6 q`@ / g3.3 K`@ / d8. êª /56 73 GEN N dark, mystery 玄 関 genkan entranceway 玄 関 番 genkanban doorkeeper, doorman, porter 玄 米 genmai unpolished/brown rice 玄 人 kurōto expert, professional, specialist GEN, tsuru bowstring, string 弦 楽 器 gengakki string instrument, the strings 管 弦 楽 団 kangengaku(dan) orchestra 正 弦 曲 線 seigen kyokusen sine curve 上 弦 jōgen first quarter (of the moon) 下 弦 kagen last quarter (of the moon) 40 40, , , 359, , 367, GEN, maboroshii illusion, phantom, vision 幻 覚 genkaku hallucination 幻 影 gen'ei vision, phantom, illusion 幻 想 gensō fantasy, illusion 夢 幻 mugen dreams and phantasms YŪ Ū quiet, deep 幽 玄 yūgen the profound, occult 幽 霊 yūrei ghost 幽 閉 yūhei confinement, imprisonment 幽 谷 yūkoku deep ravine, narrow valley 幽 門 yūmon pylorus YŌ, osana(i) very young, infantile, childish 幼 児 yōji baby, small child, tot 幼 少 yōshō infancy, childhood 幼 虫 yōchū larva 幼 子 osanago little child 幼 心 osanagokoro child's mind/heart CHII child 幼 稚 園 yōchien kindergarten 稚 気 chiki childlike state of mind 稚 児 chigo child; child in a Buddhist procession 93, 穉 95 6a8. óª /6 73 I tie, rope 維 持 iji maintenance, support 維 持 費 ijihi upkeep expenses 明 治 維 新 Meiji Ishin Meiji Restoration Ϭ , 76 8, 50, 74

258 96 30 ལ 96 b8. JUN N semi-, quasi-; permit 批 准 hijun ratify 068 Cª /5 73 ࢯ 97 3c8. dª /3 73 ॵ 98 3d8. eª /4 73 ๘ 99 6f4. / a5. Yé / c5. dé SUI, o(su) infer, deduce, recommend, propose 推 定 suitei presumption, inference 推 論 suiron reasoning, inference 推 理 suiri reasoning, inference 類 推 ruisui (inference by) analogy 推 進 suishin propulsion, drive YUI, [I]] solely, only, merely 唯 物 論 yuibutsuron materialism 唯 心 論 yuishinron spiritualism, idealism 唯 理 論 yuiriron rationalism 唯 美 主 義 yuibi shugi estheticism 唯 一 yuiitsu the only, sole 79, 93 97, 93 43, , 55, 9 SHŌ, wara(u) laugh e(mu) smile 苦 笑 kushō wry smile, forced laugh 冷 笑 reishō scornful laugh, sneer 談 笑 danshō friendly talk, chat 大 笑 い ōwarai loud laughter, hearty laugh 笑 顔 egao smiling face KYŪ, na(ku) cry 6 感 泣 kankyū be moved to tears 66 号 泣 gōkyū wailing, lamentation 759 泣 き 声 nakigoe tearful voice, sob, whimper tears 893 泣 き 虫 nakimushi crybaby 858 泣 き 落と す nakiotosu obtain (someone's) consent by RA drag; (short for) Latin 拉 致 rachi take (someone) away 拉 致 被 害 者 rachi higaisha abductee 95 95, 009, 57, 64 /3 54 ኹ 30 4i3.3 Ébe /49 MEN N noodles 拉 麺 rāmen ramen, Chinese noodles in soup 素 麺 sōmen vermicelli, thin noodles 4 ฤ

259 m4. âç /40 48 ඵ 304 4m3. â / a7. Ys / 泪 306 3d9.7 eb / a.0 Yób / 6 ڊ 308 4k6.7 áè@ / k.0 áèe / ٧憇 BŌ a room; tassel fusa tassel, tuft, cluster 暖 房 danbō heating 独 房 dokubō solitary (prison) cell 官 房 長 官 kanbōchō(kan) chief secretary 文 房 具 bunbōgu stationery 女 房 nyōbō (one's own) wife , 95, 36, 46 0 REII rebel; perverse modo(ru) go/come back, return modo(su) give/send back, return, restore; throw up, vomit 取り戻 す torimodosu take back, regain, recoup 払 い 戻 す haraimodosu pay back, refund 立 ち 戻 る tachimodoru return to 逆 戻り gyakumodori going backward, retrogression RUI, namida teardrop 感 涙 kanrui tears of strong emotion 血 涙 ketsurui tears of blood, bitter tears 空 涙 soranamida false/crocodile tears 涙 声 namidagoe tearful voice 涙 ぐ まし い namidagumashii touching, moving KITSU U eat, drink, smoke 喫 茶 店 kissaten teahouse, café 喫 煙 kitsuen smoking 満 喫 mankitsu eat/drink one's fill, enjoy fully 喫 す る kissuru eat, drink, smoke , KETSU U pure isagiyo(i) brave, manly, righteous, pure 清 潔 seiketsu clean, neat 純 潔 junketsu pure, chaste 潔 白 keppaku pure, upright, of integrity 高 潔 kōketsu noble, lofty, high-minded 不 潔 fuketsu impure, unclean, filthy SOKU U son; breath ikii breath 休 息 kyūsoku a rest, breather 消 息 shōsoku news, information 利 息 risoku interest (on a loan) 息 切 れ ikigire shortness of breath 息 子 musuko son KEI, iko(i) rest iko(u) rest 休 憩 kyūkei rest, recess 休 憩 所 kyūkeijo resting place, lobby 休 憩 時 間 kyūkei jikan rest period, recess 小 憩 shōkei brief recess, a break , 53 60, 4, 43 7

260 30 36 ཙ 30 5c4.3 / d0.3 eèi / q.3 Ã~A / ഢ 33 3d0.8 em / a0.6 ùme / أ 35 a0.0 Ame /3 3 SHŪ Ū smell kusa(i) foul-smelling, smelling of 臭 気 shūki offensive odor, stink 悪 臭 akushū bad odor, stench 俗 臭 zokushū low taste, vulgarity 古 臭 い furukusai old, outdated; trite, hackneyed カビ 臭 い kabikusai musty, moldy KYŪ, ka(gu) smell, sniff 嗅 覚 kyūkaku sense of smell 嗅 神 経 kyūshinkei olfactory nerve 嗅 ぎ 回 る kagimawaru sniff around (looking for) 嗅 ぎ 付 け る kagitsukeru scent, smell out, detect 65 30, FU, kusa(ru), kusa(reru) rot, go bad, spoil, turn sour kusa(rasu) spoil, rot, putrefy, corrode 豆 腐 tōfu tofu, bean curd 腐 食 fushoku corrosion 腐 敗 fuhai decomposition, decay; corruption 腐 心 fushin take pains, be intent on TAN N grief, lamentation; praise, admiration nage(ku) grieve, lament nage(kawashii) deplorable, regrettable 6 感 嘆 kantan admiration, exclamation 590 嘆 願 tangan entreaty, petition 308 嘆 息 tansoku sigh; lament 075 悲 嘆 hitan grief, sorrow, lamentation KIN N be respectful tsutsushi(mu) respect 謹 聴 kinchō listen attentively 謹 賀 新 年 kinga shinnen Happy New Year. 謹 言 kingen Sincerely/Respectfully yours 謹 ん で tsutsushinde respectfully, humbly , 74, KIN, wazu(ka) few, little; narrow, less (than) 僅 差 kinsa slight difference, narrow margin 僅 少 kinshō few, little HII no, negative ina no, nay 否 定 hitei denial, negation 否 認 hinin denial, repudiation, disavow 否 決 hiketsu rejection, voting down 賛 否 sanpi approval or disapproval, yes or no 安 否 anpi how (someone) is getting on d4.0 e]@ /4 4 58

261 a5.5 Ae /3 4 ե 38 3d4.8 ea /4 3 ئ 39 4f8. ÄA / a4.9 Î@ 8 3 3d3.4 eo@ /4 GAN N contain, include fuku(mu) hold in one's mouth; bear in mind; contain, include fuku(meru) include; give instructions 88 含 蓄 ganchiku significance, implication 89 包 含 hōgan include, cover, imply 65 含 有 gan'yū contain GIN N sing, chant, recite 独 吟 dokugin (vocal) solo 詩 吟 shigin recitation of Chinese poems 吟 詠 gin'ei sing, recite; compose a poem 吟 味 ginmi close inquiry, scrutiny KIN, koto koto, Japanese zither 心 の 琴 線 kokoro no kinsen heartstrings 木 琴 mokkin xylophone 風 琴 fūkin organ, harmonium 手 風 琴 tefūkin accordion, concertina 竪 琴 tategoto harp, lyre , , 9 tsume, tsuma nail, claw, talon; plectrum 39 爪 切り tsumekiri nail clippers 50 爪 先 tsumasaki tip of the toe, tiptoe 64 爪 弾く tsumabiku pluck (a samisen) with one's fingers 爪 弾 き tsumahajiki flick of the finger, fillip; ostracize, shun, give the cold shoulder 64 KYŌ, sake(bu) shout, cry out 絶 叫 zekkyō scream, exclamation 叫 び 声 sakebigoe a shout, cry, scream d3. eb /4 33 3d. eo /4 TO, ha(ku) spew, vomit, throw up; express, give vent to 吐 血 toketsu vomit blood 吐 息 toiki a sigh 吐 露 toro express, voice, speak out 吐 き 気 hakike nausea 吐 き 出 す hakidasu vomit, disgorge, spew out SHITSU, shika(ru) scold, reprimand 666 叱 責 shisseki reproach, reprimand 叱 咤 shitta scold; spur on 叱りつ け る/ 付 け る shikaritsukeru scold/rebuke severely 叱り飛 ば す shikaritobasu blow up at, bawl out 59

262 d5. e_ /4 6 JU U spell, curse, incantation noro(u) curse 呪 文 jumon spell, curse, magic formula 呪 術 jujutsu incantation, sorcery, magic 呪 物 jubutsu fetish d5.4 eo_ /4 6 ۅ 36 3d4.3 eé /4 49 ॲ 37 3d3.5 ek@ / a3.4 K@ c3.5 dk@ /3 8 φ 330 4a5.4 tm /4 3 KO, yo(bu) call, send for, invite, name 点 呼 tenko roll call 呼 応 koō act in concert 呼 び 声 yobigoe a call, cry, shout 呼 び 出 す yobidasu call out/up/forth, summon 呼 び 戻 す yobimodosu call back, recall SUI, fu(ku) blow 00 鼓 吹 kosui inspire, instill 979 balloon 吹 雪 fubuki snowstorm 53 吹 き 出 し fukidashi blowoff, bleeder (valve); speech 539 吹 き 飛 ば す fukitobasu be blown away 53, 79 吹 き 出 物 fukidemono skin rash, spots, pimple KYŪ, su(u) suck in, inhale, smoke 呼 吸 kokyū breathing 吸 入 kyūnyū inhale 吸 引 kyūin absorb (by suction) 吸 収 kyūshū absorb 吸 い 取り紙 suitorigami blotting paper , 80 KYŪ, oyo(bu) reach, amount to, extend to, match, equal oyo(bosu) exert oyo(bi) and, as well as 3 普 及 fukyū spread, come into wide use 408, 69 及 第 点 kyūdaiten passing mark/grade 66 言 及 genkyū refer to, mention 66 言 い 及 ぶ iioyobu refer to, touch upon atsuka(u) handle, treat, deal with 65 取り扱う toriatsukau treat, deal with, handle 65, 70 取り扱 い 方 toriatsukaikata how to handle 取 り 扱 い 注 意 toriatsukai chūi Handle with Care 65, 358, 3 65 客 扱 い kyakuatsukai hospitality, service to customers SAKU U fence, lattice 鉄 柵 tessaku iron railing/fence 城 柵 jōsaku castle palisade/stockade

263 d3.9 /4 33 3c6. deo /3 4 Ԑ 333 6a7.3 óue / ڧ 334 4b4. upn /43 3 ZETSU, shita tongue 舌 戦 zessen verbal warfare, war of words 弁 舌 benzetsu eloquence, tongue, speech 毒 舌 dokuzetsu venomous tongue, malicious remarks 二 枚 舌 nimaijita forked tongue, duplicity 舌 打 ち shitauchi clicking one's tongue, tsk, tch , 059 KATSU U tie together, fasten 一 括 ikkatsu lump together, summarize 70 総 括 sōkatsu generalization, summarization 包 括 的 hōkatsuteki comprehensive, general, sweeping 89, 0 KEN, kinu silk 人 絹 jinken artificial silk, rayon 絹 布 kenpu silk fabric, silk 絹 糸 kenshi, kinuito silk thread 絹 織 物 kinuorimono silk fabrics 絹 針 kinubari needle for silk KŌ agree to, consent 肯 定 kōtei affirmation, affirmative 首 肯 shukō assent, consent , ܫ 335 g8. Ku /8 43 KYŌ, obiya(kasu), odo(kasu), odo(su) threaten 脅 迫 kyōhaku threat, intimidation 脅 迫 状 kyōhakujō threatening letter 脅 し 文 句 odoshimonku threatening words 33 33, 636, b6.3 uk / m4. âu /40 43 ک wakii side, flank; supporting role 376 脇 役 wakiyaku supporting role 345 脇 腹 wakibara one s side, flank; illegitimate child 55 脇 目 wakime looking aside; onlooker's eyes 脇 目 も 振らず wakime mo furazu without looking aside, 55, wholehartedly 脇 見 wakimi look aside/away KEN, kata shoulder 肩 章 kenshō epaulet, shoulder pips 比 肩 hiken rank (with), be comparable (to) 肩 書 き katagaki one's title, degree 肩 身 が 広 い katami ga hiroi feel proud 肩 代 わり katagawari take-over, transfer (of business) ,

264 b5.5 up /43 3 ౙ 339 4b6.3 HAI, se back, height seii height, stature somu(ku) act contrary (to) somu(keru) avert, turn away 87 背 景 haikei background 57 背 信 haishin breach of faith, betrayal, infidelity 8 背 中 senaka the back 707 背 広 sebiro business suit SEKII spine 脊 柱 sekichū spinal cord 608 KOTSU, hone bone 骨 格 kokkaku skeleton, framework 頭 骨 tōkotsu skull 骨 子 kosshi essential part, main points 鉄 骨 tekkotsu steel frame 骨 惜 し み honeoshimi avoid effort, spare oneself ua / b6.4 u /43 0 ݙ 34 3a0.6 Yu / 43 0 ԓ 34 5f4.3 ìu /58 43 Ϯ 343 m3. ìu ണ 344 4b9.8 uvi / ଙ膓 KATSU, KOTSU, sube(ru) slide, glide, slip name(raka) smooth 435, 5 滑 走 路 kassōro runway 084 滑 稽 kokkei comic, funny; joke 3 円 滑 enkatsu smooth, harmonious, amicable 50 滑り台 suberidai (playground) slide I stomach 胃 病 ibyō stomach disorder/trouble 胃 酸 isan stomach acid 胃 癌 igan stomach cancer 胃 下 垂 ikasui gastric ptosis 胃 弱 ijaku weak digestion, indigestion, dyspepsia , 7 8 FU U the skin 008 皮 膚 hifu the skin 008, 38 皮 膚 病 hifubyō skin disease 008, 73, 430 皮 膚 移 植 hifu ishoku skin graft/transplant 完 膚 な き まで kanpu-naki made thoroughly, completely 63 CHŌ intestines, entrails 胃 腸 ichō stomach and intestines 大 腸 daichō large intestine, colon 腸 閉 塞 chōheisoku intestinal obstruction, ileus 断 腸 の 思 い danchō no omoi heartrending grief , , 99

265 b9.4 uvé / ഽ 346 4b3. u] /43 4 Օ 347 4b5.6 uv /43 4 膽 348 3c5.0 dv /3 4 ઽ擔 349 4k6.5 áv /5 4 恆 350 3b6.5 bv / 4 ө 35 4b5.9 uhn /43 6 FUKU, hara belly, heart, mind 切 腹 seppuku disembowelment, harakiri 立 腹 rippuku anger, offense 空 腹 kūfuku empty belly, hunger 脇 腹 wakibara one's side, flank; illegitimate child 太 っ 腹 futoppara magnanimous; bold, daring KAN N liver; important kimo liver; heart, spirit, courage 046, 57 肝 硬 変 kankōhen cirrhosis of the liver 365 肝 油 kan'yu cod-liver oil 45 肝 要 kan'yō important, vital 97 肝 心 kanjin main, vital, essential 95 肝 っ 玉 kimottama pluck, courage, grit TAN N gallbladder; courage 胆 石 tanseki gallstone 大 胆 daitan bold, daring 胆 力 tanryoku courage, mettle 落 胆 rakutan discouragement, disappointment TAN N carry, bear katsu(gu) shoulder, put on, lift; choose (someone); trick (someone); be superstitious nina(u) carry on the shoulder, bear, take on 77 担 当 tantō being in charge, overseeing 59 負 担 futan burden, load, liability 498 担 保 tanpo a security, guarantee KŌ always, constant, fixed 恒 久 kōkyū permanence, perpetuity 恒 星 kōsei fixed star, sidereal 恒 心 kōshin constancy, steadfastness 恒 例 kōrei established practice, custom 恒 常 kōjō constancy kakii fence, hedge 石 垣 ishigaki stone wall 竹 垣 takegaki bamboo fence 生 け 垣 ikegaki hedge 垣 根 kakine fence, hedge 垣 間 見 る kaimamiru peek in, get a glimpse HAII lung 肺 病 haibyō lung/pulmonary disease 肺 結 核 haikekkaku pulmonary tuberculosis 肺 癌 haigan lung cancer 肺 活 量 haikatsuryō lung capacity 肺 肝 haikan lungs and liver; one's innermost heart , , 75 37,

266 ऄ अ आ इ ई 35 4b7.7 u} / 腦 353 4k7. á} / 惱 354 0a4.9 O 0 ת 355 8c0.3 ªN / f. IO /6 ԩ 357 4b6.9 u^ / b5.5 uj^ /43 8 ඟ 5 NŌ brain 頭 脳 zunō brains, intelligence 脳 下 垂 体 nōka suitai pituitary gland 脳 卒 中 nōsotchū stroke, cerebral apoplexy 洗 脳 sennō brainwashing 首 脳 会 談 shunō kaidan summit conference 76 3, 7, 6 80, , 58, 603 NŌ, naya(mu) be troubled, be distressed, suffer naya(masu) afflict, beset, worry 苦 悩 kunō affliction, distress, agony 悩 殺 nōsatsu enchant, captivate 伸 び 悩 む nobinayamu continue stagnant, level off 恋 の 悩 み koi no nayami the torments of love KYŌ evil, misfortune 凶 作 kyōsaku bad harvest 凶 行 kyōkō violence, crime, murder 凶 悪 kyōaku heinous, brutal 凶 器 kyōki murder/lethal weapon 吉 凶 kikkyō good or ill luck, fortune RI, hana(reru) leave, separate hana(su) separate, keep apart 38 分 離 bunri separation, secession, segregation 576 離 婚 rikon divorce 34 離 反 rihan estrangement, alienation, breakaway 657 離 陸 ririku (airplane) takeoff 39 切り離 す kirihanasu cut off, sever ka(ru) mow, clip, cut (hair) 刈り入 れ kariire harvest, reaping 稲 刈り inekari rice reaping/harvesting 刈り取 る karitoru mow, cut down 刈り込 む karikomu cut, trim, prune 芝 刈り機 shibakariki lawn mower KYŌ, mune, [muna]] breast, chest 胸 像 kyōzō (sculptured) bust 胸 部 kyōbu the chest 胸 囲 kyōi girth/circumference of the chest 胸 中 kyōchū one's bosom, heart, feelings 度 胸 dokyō courage, daring, nerve HŌ sac, sheath; placenta, afterbirth 細 胞 saibō cell 単 細 胞 tansaibō one cell, single cell 脳 細 胞 nōsaibō brain cell 胞 子 hōshi spore 同 胞 dōhō brethren, countrymen , , ,

267 उ ऊ ऋ ऌ ऍ ऎ ซ 359 3c5.5 dj^ /3 8 5 ඕ 360 3k.7 mã /3 5 0 藏 36 4b5. uãm / 臟 36 7b9. û L / ڬ 363 3b9.3 b L / 0 9 ڙ 364 6a9.7 ó L / b9. u L /43 0 ० 9 HŌ, da(ku) hug, hold in one's arms, embrace ida(ku) embrace; harbor (feelings) kaka(eru) carry in one's arms; have (dependents); employ, hire 89, 33 包 括 hōkatsu inclusive, comprehensive 460 介 抱 kaihō nursing, care 59 抱 き 合う dakiau embrace each other ZŌ, kura storehouse, warehouse, repository 冷 蔵 庫 reizōko refrigerator 蔵 書 zōsho collection of books, one's library 貯 蔵 chozō storage 地 蔵 Jizō (a Buddhist guardian deity of children) 武 蔵 Musashi (ancient kuni) ZŌ internal organs 内 臓 naizō internal organs, viscera 臓 器 zōki internal organs, viscera 心 臓 shinzō the heart 肺 臓 haizō the lungs 肝 臓 kanzō the liver 85, KEN, kashiko(i) wise, intelligent 賢 明 kenmei wise, intelligent 先 賢 senken wise men of old, ancient sages 賢 人 kenjin wise man, sage, the wise 賢 母 kenbo wise mother 悪 賢 い warugashikoi sly, wily, cunning KEN, kata(i) firm, hard, solid 堅 実 kenjitsu solid, sound, reliable 堅 固 kengo strong, solid, steadfast 中 堅 chūken mainstay, backbone, nucleus 堅 持 kenji hold fast to, adhere to 手 堅 い tegatai firm, solid, dependable KIN N hard, tight 緊 張 kinchō tension 緊 迫 kinpaku tension 緊 急 kinkyū emergency 緊 縮 kinshuku contraction; austerity 緊 密 kinmitsu close, tight JIN N kidney 36 腎 臓 jinzō kidney 78, 494, 78 腎 石 腎 結 石 jinseki, jinkesseki kidney stone 346 肝 腎 kanjin main, vital, essential 肝 腎 要 な 点 kanjin-kaname na ten an essential/a crucial point 346, 45, 69 65

268 ए ऐ ऑ ऒ ओ औ क 366 5c.7 û B 覽 367 6a0.3 óég / RAN N see, look at 8, 6, 58 展 / 博 覧 会 ten/hakurankai an exhibition 040, 377 遊 覧 船 yūransen excursion ship, pleasure boat 64 観 覧 kanran viewing, inspection, 7 一 覧 表 ichiranhyō table, list 90 回 覧 kairan read-and-pass-on circulation HAN N fullness, luxury, frequency 繁 栄 han'ei prosperity 繁 盛 hanjō prosperity; success 繁 華 街 hankagai thriving shopping area , 86 ಪ 368 t. /0 ו 369 7d5.8 /70 0 ל 370 3c5.9 d /3 0 KYO large, gigantic 巨 大 kyodai huge, gigantic, enormous 巨 人 kyojin giant 巨 漢 kyokan very large man, big fellow 巨 星 kyosei giant star; great/prominent man 巨 万 kyoman millions, immense amount KYO distance 355 距 離 kyori distance 5, 45, 355 短 / 近 距 離 tan/kinkyori short distance 95, 453, 355 長 / 遠 距 離 chō/enkyori long distance 中 距 離 競 走 chūkyori kyōsō medium-distance race 8, 355, 87, 435 KYO, koba(mu) refuse, decline 拒 否 kyohi denial, refusal; rejection, veto 拒 否 権 kyohiken right of veto 拒 絶 kyozetsu refusal, rejection, repudiation 36 36, ז 37 4b5.0 ue` / આ 37 4k5. áe` /5 4 7 TAII womb, uterus; fetus 胎 盤 taiban placenta, afterbirth 母 胎 botai mother's womb/uterus 受 胎 jutai conception 胎 児 taiji embryo, fetus 胎 動 taidō fetal movement, quickening TAI, nama(keru) be idle, be lazy, neglect okota(ru) neglect, be remiss in, default on 79 怠 業 taigyō work stoppage, slowdown strike 倦 怠 kentai fatigue, weariness 64 怠 け 者 namakemono idler, lazybones 66

269 ख ධ ग ณ घ 373 4b9.3 ueg / ݕ 374 3m5.9 n{g / YŌ, koshii pelvic region, loins, hips, small of back 腰 部 yōbu pelvic region, waist, hips, loins 腰 布 koshinuno loincloth 弱 腰 yowagoshi without backbone, faint-hearted 物 腰 monogoshi one's manner, demeanor 本 腰 hongoshi serious, in earnest a(teru) address (a letter) 宛 名 atena address, addressee 宛 先 atesaki address 名 宛 人 naatenin addressee , EN, ON N bear a grudge, resent, reproach 怨 恨 enkon grudge, malice, hatred 怨 念 onnen grudge, enmity χ 375 4k5.0 á{g / ђ 376 4b8.6 un{ / ང 377 4b3.3 u~ /43 37 ೧ 378 4b3.3 uév /43 54 WAN, ude arm; ability, talent, skill 手 腕 shuwan ability, capability, skill 腕 力 wanryoku physical strength 腕 前 udemae ability, skill 腕 輪 udewa bracelet 腕 時 計 udedokei wristwatch hijii elbow 肘 掛 け hijikake arm (of a chair) 肘 掛 け 椅 子 hijikake-isu armchair 肘 鉄 hijitetsu rebuff, rejection 肘 鉄 砲 hijideppō rebuff, rejection , , 048, , 894 OKU U timidity; conjecture 臆 病 okubyō cowardly, timid 臆 測 okusoku speculation, conjecture ѽ 379 4b6.0 ue / DŌ torso, trunk 胴 体 dōtai the body, torso; fuselage 胴 回り dōmawari one's girth 胴 上 げ/ 揚 げ dōage hoist (someone) shoulder-high , 64

270 ङ च छ ज झ ञ ट 380 3a6.5 Ye / 4 0 DŌ penetrate; cave hora cave 洞 察 dōsatsu insight, discernment 空 洞 kūdō cave, cavity 洞 穴 dōketsu, horaana cave GA, ware, wa I, self, my, our 自 我 jiga self, ego 我 利 gari one's own interests, self-interest 無 我 muga self-effacement, selflessness 我 勝 ち waregachi each striving to be first 我 が 国 wagakuni our country a7.0 ão@ 5 ұ 38 8b7. GA starve 餓 死 gashi starve to death 85 ão /77 5 ҹ 383 8b. /77 0 KI, u(eru) starve 飢 餓 kiga hunger, starvation 飢 饉 kikin famine 飢 え 死 に uejini starve to death a.4 t /4 0 ր 385 4b. u /43 0 ಈ 386 a8.37 e 77 4 KI, tsukue desk 3 机 上 kijō desk-top, academic, theoretical 机 上 の 空 論 kijō no kūron mere academic theorizing 3, 40, 93 80, 35 事 務 机 jimuzukue office desk 3, 79 書 き 物 机 kakimono-zukue writing desk hada the skin; type, character 肌 色 hadairo flesh-colored 地 肌 jihada one's skin; surface of the ground 肌 着 hadagi underwear 肌 触り hadazawari the touch, feel 肌 寒 い hadasamui, hadazamui chilly SŌ, kura storehouse, warehouse, depository 倉 庫 sōko warehouse 倉 荷 kurani warehouse goods 鎌 倉 Kamakura (town, Kanagawa Prefecture) ਟ 68

271 ठ ड ढ ण त थ द 387 f0.3 I e / ਜ 388 5f. ìª / ൎ 389 8c6.4 ª~ / મ 390 8c. ªL /73 9 স 39 7a3.3 ùªm / g3. iªm / Ӷ 393 5d3.4 êªm / SŌ, tsuku(ru) create 創 造 sōzō creation 創 作 sōsaku (literary) creation 創 立 sōritsu establishment, founding 独 創 dokusō originality, creativity 創 価 学 会 Sōka Gakkai (Buddhist sect) FUN, furu(u) be enlivened, rouse up 興 奮 kōfun excitement 奮 発 funpatsu exertion, strenuous effort; splurge 奮 起 funki rouse oneself (to action), be inspired 奮 って furutte energetically, willingly , 09, DATSU, uba(u) snatch away, take by force; captivate 争 奪 戦 sōdatsu(sen) a competition, struggle 略 奪 ryakudatsu plunder, pillage, despoliation 強 奪 gōdatsu seizure, robbery 奪 回 / 還 dakkai/kkan recapture, retaking 奪 い 合う ubaiau scramble, struggle (for) 30, , SEKII (counter for ships); one (of a pair) 三 隻 sanseki three ships 数 隻 の 船 sūseki (no fune) several (ships) 隻 眼 sekigan one-eyed 一 隻 眼 issekigan discerning eye 隻 手 sekishu one-armed 4 5, , GO defend, protect 弁 護 士 bengoshi lawyer, attorney 保 護 hogo protection, preservation 援 護 engo support, backing, protection 介 護 保 険 kaigo hoken nursing-care insurance 護 符 gofu amulet, talisman KAKU, e(ru) obtain, acquire, gain 獲 得 kakutoku acquire, gain, win 捕 獲 hokaku catch; capture, seizure 漁 獲 gyokaku fishing, a catch of fish 乱 獲 rankaku excessive fishing/hunting 獲 物 emono game, a catch, trophy KAKU U harvest 収 穫 shūkaku harvest, harvesting 収 穫 高 shūkakudaka the yield, crop 収 穫 期 shūkakuki harvest time Ӹ 69 74, , 498, , , 456

272 ध ཚ न ऩ प 394 0a7.3 4 kushii spit, skewer 串 刺 し kushizashi skewering 玉 串 tamagushi branch of a sacred tree (in Shintō) KAN, wazura(u) be ill, suffer (from) 患 者 kanja a patient 急 患 kyūkan person suddenly taken ill 患 部 kanbu affected/diseased part 長 患 い nagawazurai long illness ؽ 395 4k7.8 áe@ /5 4 Լ 396 3d4.6 e@ /4 397 a7.3 Ae@ /3 4 RO tone 67 語 呂 goro the sound, euphony 67, 59 語 呂 合 わ せ goroawase play on words, pun 9 wrapper お 風 呂 (o)furo bath; bathtub 風 呂 敷 furoshiki (square of) cloth for wrapping, cloth 9, 伊 呂 波 iroha iroha (Japanese syllabary); ABC's, basics RYO companion, follower 066 伴 侶 hanryo companion 人 生 の 伴 侶 jinsei no hanryo life partner, one's spouse, 44, c4.4 èd /55 3 Վ 399 a. Aªq / ހ 400 5i5.4 ñ /60 38 KAN N see, watch; look after, care for 看 護 婦 kangofu nurse 看 病 kanbyō tending the sick, nursing 看 守 kanshu (prison) guard 看 破 kanpa see through, detect 看 板 kanban sign, signboard SAI, moyō(su) hold, sponsor; feel 開 催 kaisai hold (a meeting) 主 催 shusai sponsor, promote 催 眠 saimin hypnosis 催 涙 ガ ス sairuigasu tear gas 催 し 物 moyōshimono (program of) entertainments SHŌ illness, symptoms 病 症 byōshō nature of a disease 症 状 症 候 shōjō, shōkō symptom 不 眠 症 fuminshō insomnia 敗 血 症 haiketsushō blood poisoning, sepsis 自 閉 症 jiheishō autism 70 39, , , , 803 6, 40

273 फ ब भ म य र 40 5i4. ñ L / у 40 5i7.7 ñu /60 43 ଲ 403 5i5. ñîl / i.3 ñwv / ໘ 405 3m. nwv / ໓ 406 a.4 Awv / ໐ 407 5c.4 vw} / EKI, [YAKU]] epidemic 疫 病 ekibyō epidemic, plague 悪 疫 akueki plague, pestilence, epidemic 防 疫 bōeki prevention of epidemics 検 疫 ken'eki quarantine 免 疫 men'eki immunity TSŪ Ū pain; penetrating ita(mu) feel painful, hurt ita(meru) hurt, cause pain ita(i) painful 554 苦 痛 kutsū pain 76 頭 痛 zutsū headache 33 痛 飲 tsūin drink heavily, carouse 57 痛 手 itade severe wound; hard blow HI, tsuka(reru) get tired, become exhausted 疲 労 hirō fatigue, weariness 気 疲 れ kizukare mental fatigue/exhaustion 疲 れ 果 てる tsukarehateru be completely exhausted お 疲 れ 様 otsukaresama Thank you (for your tiring work) RYŌ heal, cure, treat medically 治 療 chiryō medical treatment, therapy 医 療 iryō medical treatment 診 療 shinryō diagnosis and treatment 施 療 seryō free medical treatment 療 養 所 ryōyōsho, ryōyōjo sanatorium, nursing home , 53 RYŌ hostel, dormitory 学 生 寮 gakuseiryō dormitory 社 員 寮 shainryō company dormitory 独 身 寮 dokushinryô dormitory for bachelors 寮 生 ryōsei student living in a dormitory 09, , 63 9, RYŌ an official; companion 官 僚 kanryō bureaucrat 官 僚 主 義 kanryō shugi bureaucratism, 閣 僚 kakuryō cabinet member/minister 同 僚 dōryō colleague, coworker 僚 友 ryōyū fellow worker, colleague 36 36, 55, bureaucracy RYŌ clear 8 明 暸 meiryō clear, distinct, obvious 94, 8 不 明 暸 fumeiryō unclear, indistinct 一 目 暸 然 ichimoku ryōzen clear at a glance, obvious, 55, 66 ፐ 7

274 ऱ ल ळ ऴ श ष स 408 0a3.6 O[ ङ 409 b4. /5 ਡ壯 40 3k6. mbc /3 5 莊 4 5e6.8 ëbc /57 5 裝 4 5e5. ëãa / ઉ 43 5e6.7 ë{_ / d6.3 w{_ / JŌ (unit of length, about 3 m); high, strong take height, length 35 丈 夫 jōbu strong and healthy; strong, durable 096, 35 偉 丈 夫 ijōfu great man 34 気 丈 kijō stout-hearted, courageous 0, 86 八 丈 島 Hachijō-jima (island south of Tōkyō) 338 背 丈 setake one's height SŌ manly, strong, in one s prime 壮 大 sōdai magnificent, grand, imposing 強 壮 kyōsō strong, robust, husky 壮 健 sōken healthy, hale and hearty 悲 壮 hisō tragic, touching, pathetic 壮 年 sōnen prime of manhood/life SŌ villa, inn; solemn 別 荘 bessō country house, cottage, villa 山 荘 sansō mountain villa 荘 重 sōchō solemn, sublime, impressive 荘 厳 sōgon sublime, grand, majestic SŌ, SHŌ, yosō(u) wear, feign, pretend, disguise oneself as 服 装 fukusō style of dress, attire 変 装 hensō disguise 装 置 sōchi device, apparatus, equipment 装 飾 sōshoku ornament, decoration 武 装 busō arms, armament TAI, fukuro sack, bag 手 袋 tebukuro glove 足 袋 tabi Japanese socks (worn with kimono) 紙 袋 kamibukuro paper sack/bag 袋 小 路 fukurokōji blind alley, cul-de-sac 胃 袋 ibukuro stomach , 5 34 RETSU, sa(keru) (intr.) split, tear, rip sa(ku) (tr.) split, tear, rip 分 裂 bunretsu breakup, dissolution, division 破 裂 haretsu burst, rupture, explode 決 裂 ketsuretsu (negotiations) break down 裂 け 目 sakeme a rip, split, crack, fissure RETSU U violent, intense 烈 震 resshin violent earthquake 熱 烈 netsuretsu ardent, fervent, vehement 壮 烈 sōretsu heroic, brave 強 烈 kyōretsu intense, severe 痛 烈 tsūretsu severe, fierce, bitter

275 45 4 ह ऽ 45 3n0.4 o~ / 奬 46 4d. w] /44 4 ஹ燈 47 3a. Ywe / 44 4 ঐ澂 48 w@ ލ 49 4d4.4 w /44 ї 40 3a8.5 Yw / a0.6 Yãw / 5 พ 44 09, 3 09, TŌ, hii a light, lamp 電 灯 dentō electric light/lamp 灯 火 tōka a light, lamplight 街 灯 gaitō streetlight 船 灯 sentō ship light 灯 台 tōdai lighthouse CHŌ, su(mu) become clear, clear su(masu) make clear, perk (one's ears), look prim/unconcerned/nonchalant 清 澄 seichō clear, limpid, lucid, serene 澄 み 切 る sumikiru become perfectly clear 澄 み 渡 る sumiwataru be crystal clear 澄 まし 顔 sumashigao unconcerned look SAI, wazawa(i) misfortune, disaster sainan mishap, accident, calamity saigai disaster, accident kasai fire, blaze, conflagration tensai natural disaster/calamity shinsai earthquake disaster 災難 災害 火災 天災 震災 4d3.3 /44 SHŌ urge, encourage 奨 学 金 shōgakukin a scholarship 奨 学 生 shōgakusei student on a scholarship 勧 奨 kanshō encouragement, promotion 推 奨 suishō recommendation, commendation EN, honō flame 火 炎 瓶 kaenbin firebomb, Molotov cocktail 炎 症 enshō inflammation 肺 炎 haien pneumonia 脳 炎 nōen brain inflammation, encephalitis 中 耳 炎 chūjien inflammation of the middle ear TAN, awa(i) light, faint, pale, transitory 濃 淡 nōtan light and shade, shading 淡 彩 tansai light coloring 冷 淡 reitan indifferent, apathetic 淡 水 tansui fresh water 淡 雪 awayuki light snow 0, , METSU, horo(biru) fall to ruin, perish, die out horo(bosu) ruin, destroy, overthrow, annihilate 676 破 滅 hametsu ruin, downfall, collapse 684 滅 亡 metsubō downfall, destruction 864 消 滅 shōmetsu extinction, disappearance 9 幻 滅 genmetsu disillusionment 73

276 n5. ãg /5 5 ϡ 43 g5.4 KÎ] /8 8 4 勵 44 p.3 ÎG / p3. Îb /8 τ壓 46 p4. Îw /8 44 ӎ 47 3o6.5 qwî / o5.0 qç /36 53 ի I authority, dignity, majesty; threat 権 威 ken'i authority 威 勢 isei power, influence; high spirits 威 厳 igen dignity, stateliness 威 信 ishin prestige, dignity 脅 威 kyōi menace, threat, danger REII encouragement, diligence hage(mu) be diligent hage(masu) encourage, urge on 奨 励 shōrei encouragement, promotion 激 励 gekirei urging, encouragement 精 励 seirei diligence, industriousness 励 行 reikō strict enforcement YAKU U misfortune, disaster 厄 介 yakkai troublesome, burdensome; help, care 厄 介 者 yakkaimono a dependent; burden 厄 日 yakubi unlucky day; critical day 厄 年 yakudoshi unlucky year; critical age 厄 払 い yakubarai/harai exorcism , ATSU U pressure 圧 力 atsuryoku pressure 圧 迫 appaku pressure, oppression 気 圧 kiatsu atmospheric pressure 抑 圧 yokuatsu restraint, suppression 圧 倒 的 attōteki overwhelming , 0 KAI, haii ash 灰 燼 kaijin ashes 石 灰 sekkai (chemical) lime 灰 皿 haizara ashtray 火 山 灰 kazanbai volcanic ash 灰 色 haiiro gray TAN N coal sumii charcoal 石 炭 sekitan coal 木 炭 mokutan charcoal 採 炭 saitan coal mining 炭 素 tanso carbon 炭 酸 tansan carbonic acid GAN, iwa rock 岩 石 ganseki rock 火 成 岩 kaseigan igneous rock 岩 塩 gan'en rock salt 岩 屋 iwaya cave, cavern 岩 登り iwanobori rock climbing , ,

277 a4.5 / 4 CHŪ, okii open sea, offing 沖 積 世 沖 積 期 chūsekisei, chūsekiki the alluvial epoch 667, 5, 667, 沖 合 iokiai open sea, offshore Ѹ冲 430 a4.7 Ae@ / k4.6 áe@ / a9.5 óéu / ඞ 433 3o7.6 qéo /36 49 CHŪ, naka relationship, terms 仲 裁 chūsai arbitration 仲 介 chūkai mediation 伯 仲 hakuchū be nearly equal, evenly matched 仲 良く nakayoku on good terms, like good friends 仲 人 nakōdo go-between, matchmaker CHŪ Ū loyality, faithfulness 忠 実 chūjitsu faithful, devoted, loyal 忠 義 chūgi loyalty 忠 誠 chūsei loyalty, allegiance 忠 告 chūkoku advice, admonition 忠 臣 蔵 Chūshingura (the 47 Rōnin story) , 360 HŌ, nu(u) sew 75 裁 縫 saihō sewing 59 縫 合 hōgō a suture, stitch 天 衣 無 縫 ten'i-muhō of flawless beauty, perfect 4, 690, 縫 い 目 nuime seam, stitch 09 仮 縫 い karinui temporary sewing, basting, fitting HŌ, mine peak, summit 連 峰 renpō mountain range 高 峰 kōhō lofty peak 霊 峰 reihō sacred mountain එ峯 434 3o6.3 qp] / tōge mountain pass; crisis, height 峠 道 tōgemichi road through a mountain pass 峠 を 越 す tōge o kosu cross a pass 十 国 峠 Jikkoku Tōge (pass in Hakone) , o6. q _ / ױ 峽 KYŌ gorge, ravine 山 峡 sankyō (mountain) gorge 峡 谷 kyōkoku gorge, ravine, canyon 海 峡 kaikyō strait, channel, narrows 峡 湾 kyōwan fjord

278 ॐ 436 3g6. i _ / 狹 437 3c6. d A / 挾 438 3g9.6 io /7 0 ڤ 獻 439 a4. Ai /3 7 ഷ 440 r6. q_ / ѷ 44 0a5. KYŌ, sema(i) narrow, small (in area) seba(maru) (intr.) narrow, contract seba(meru) (tr.) narrow, contract 47 狭 量 kyōryō narrow-minded 4 pectoris 偏 狭 henkyō narrow-minded, parochial 97, 400 狭 心 症 kyōshinshō stricture of the heart, angina 554 狭 苦 し い semakurushii cramped KYŌ, hasa(mu) put between, interpose hasa(maru) get between, get caught/ hemmed/sandwiched between 挟 撃 kyōgeki pincer attack 挟 み 撃 ち hasamiuchi pincer attack 挟 み 込 む hasamikomu put between, insert 挟 み 上 げ る hasamiageru pick up (with chopsticks) KEN, [KON]] present, offer 献 金 kenkin gift of money, contribution 献 血 kenketsu blood donation 献 上 kenjō presentation 文 献 bunken the literature, documentary records 献 立 kondate menu; arrangements, plan, program FUKU, fu(su) bend down, lie down/prostrate fu(seru) cast down (one's eyes); turn over, cover, put over, conceal 977 降 伏 kōfuku surrender, capitulation 798 伏 兵 fukuhei an ambush 967 潜 伏 senpuku hide; be dormant, latent 99 伏 線 fukusen foreshadowing oka hill 静 岡 Shizuoka 盛 岡 Morioka 岡 山 Okayama 長 岡 Nagaoka 岡 本 Okamoto (city, Okayama-ken) (city, Morioka-ken) (city, Okayama-ken) (city; family name) (family name) KYŪ, oka hill 砂 丘 sakyū sand dune o5. q /36 50 Ԃ嶽 GAKU, take mountain, peak 34 山 岳 sangaku mountains 34, 86 山 岳 部 sangakubu mountaineering club 3 岳 父 gakufu father of one's wife 谷 川 岳 Tanigawa-dake (mountain about 50 km north of Tōkyō) 664, 33 76

279 ഥ ೩ क़ 443 t4. / d5.7 e ] / ո竒 445 3m8.8 n e / պ 446 3b8.8 SHŌ artisan, workman; idea, design 巨 匠 kyoshō (great) master 名 匠 meishō master craftsman 師 匠 shishō master, teacher 宗 匠 sōshō master, teacher 意 匠 ishō a design KII strange, curious 好 奇 心 kōkishin curiosity 奇 妙 kimyō strange, curious, odd 奇 術 kijutsu conjuring, sleight of hand 奇 病 kibyō strange disease 奇 数 kisū odd number , KII depend on; give yo(ru) approach, draw near, meet, drop in yo(seru) bring near, push aside, gather together, send 9 寄 付 kifu contribution, donation 79, 805 寄 宿 舎 kishukusha dormitory 44 寄 生 kisei parasitism 立 ち 寄 る tachiyoru drop in, stop (at) saii cape, promontory 埼 玉 県 Saitama-ken Saitama Prefecture 95, 94 b e / o8.3 q e /36 34 sakii cape, promontory, headland, point (of land) 長 崎 Nagasaki (city on western coast of Kyūshū) 宮 崎 Miyazaki (city on southern coast of Kyūshū) ޥ 嵜 448 k6.3 Os / 40 FU U hill, mound 埠 頭 futō wharf 岐 阜 県 Gifu-ken Gifu Prefecture 76 89, 94 misakii promontory, headland, point (of land) 宗 谷 岬 Sōya-misaki (northern tip of Hokkaidō) 知 床 岬 Shiretoko-misaki (eastern tip of Hokkaidō) 潮 岬 Shio-no-misaki (southern tip of Kii Peninsula) 足 ずり岬 Ashizuri-misaki (southern tip of Shikoku) 66, 664 4, ഩ 449 3o5.4 qv@ /

280 ख़ ग़ ज़ ड़ ढ़ फ़ 450 o9.3 ìv_ b. ûìv / k.7 áìv / a.7 Aìv / ਛ 454 3r. sìv / ਥ 455 4k7.5 áe_ /5 4 6 ц 456 8e7. e_ /75 4 щ 6 SŌ, ZO once, formerly, before 曽 孫 sōson great-grandchild 曽 祖 父 sōsofu great-grandfather 曽 祖 母 sōsobo great-grandmother 曽 祖 父 母 sōsofubo great-grandparents 未 曽 有 mizou unprecedented, unheard-of 93 63, 3 63, 63, 3, 306, 65 ZŌ, [SŌ], oku(ru) give, present, bestow 548, 493, 3 贈 与 証 書 zōyo (shōsho) gift (certificate) 445 寄 贈 kizō, kisō presentation, donation, contribution 60 贈 答 zōtō exchange of gifts 79 贈り物 okurimono gift, present 55 贈り主 okurinushi sender (of a gift) ZŌ, niku(mu) hate niku(i), niku(rashii) hateful, horrible, repulsive niku(shimi) hatred, animosity 愛 憎 aizō love and hate; partiality 憎 悪 zōo hatred 憎 ま れ っ 子 nikumarekko bad/naughty boy 憎 ま れ 口 nikumareguchi offensive/malicious remarks SŌ Buddhist priest/monk 僧 侶 sōryo (Buddhist) priest, monk, bonze 僧 正 sōjō Buddhist high priest, bishop 高 僧 kōsō high/exemplary priest 小 僧 kozō young priest; apprentice; boy 僧 院 sōin temple; monastery SŌ layer, level 上 層 jōsō upper layer/classes/floors 多 層 tasō multilayer 層 雲 sōun stratus (cloud) 読 者 層 dokushasō class/level of readers 階 層 kaisō social stratum, class , ETSU U joy 喜 悦 kietsu joy, delight 悦 楽 etsuraku joy, pleasure, gaiety 法 悦 hōetsu religious exultation; ecstasy 満 悦 man'etsu delighted, very satisfied 悦 に 入 る etsu ni iru be pleased (with) ETSU U inspection, review 閲 覧 etsuran perusal, inspection, reading 閲 覧 室 etsuranshitsu reading room 校 閲 kōetsu revision (of a manuscript) 検 閲 ken'etsu censorship 閲 歴 etsureki one's career/personal history ,

281 य़ ॠ ॡ 457 4b7.8 ue_ / ય 458 8a7. ße_ /7 4 6 с 459 k5. Oe_ / 4 6 DATSU U omit, escape nu(gu) take off (clothes) nu(geru) come off, slip off (footwear/clothing) 脱 衣 所 datsuisho, datsuijo changing/dressing room 690, 脱 線 dassen derailment; digression 355 離 脱 ridatsu secession, breakaway 403 脱 税 datsuzei tax evasion EI, surudo(i) sharp 鋭 利 eiri sharp 鋭 気 eiki spirit, mettle, energy 精 鋭 seiei elite, choice 新 鋭 shin'ei fresh, new 鋭 角 eikaku acute angle KOKU U conquer 克 服 kokufuku conquest, subjugation 克 己 kokki self-denial, self-control 克 明 kokumei faithful, conscientious k3. án@ /5 BŌ, isoga(shii) busy, be very occupied 多 忙 tabō busy, hectic 繁 忙 hanbō (very) busy 忙 殺 さ れ る bōsatsu sareru be busily occupied ප 46 j5.4 Ná@ / 5 ඳ 46 j6.6 Nè@ / 55 ฬ 463 j4.6 Ng@ / 5 ศ BŌ, wasu(reru) forget 健 忘 症 kenbō(shō) forgetfulness 忘 恩 bōon ingratitude 忘 年 会 bōnenkai year-end party 忘 れ 物 wasuremono article left behind 度 / 胴 忘 れ do/dōwasure forget for the moment MŌ blind 盲 人 mōjin blind person, the blind 盲 目 mōmoku blindness 色 盲 shikimō color blindness 文 盲 monmō illiteracy 盲 腸 mōchō caecum, appendix 94, , , MŌ, BŌ incoherent, reckless, false 998 迷 妄 meimō illusion, fallacy 47 妄 想 mōsō wild fancy, foolish fantasy, delusion 57 妄 信 mōshin, bōshin blind belief, overcredulity 被 害 妄 想 higai mōsō delusions of persecution, paranoia 009, 57, 47 79

282 ० १ २ ३ ४ โ ५ 464 3k6.8 mn_ / k9.0 ámn /5 3 KŌ, ara(i) rough, wild, violent a(reru) get rough/stormy, run wild, go to ruin a(rasu) devastate, lay waste 99 荒 廃 kōhai desolation, devastation 36 荒 野 kōya, areno wilderness, wasteland 904 荒 れ 狂う arekuruu rage, run amuck 333, 80 荒 仕 事 arashigoto heavy work, hard labor KŌ, awa(teru) get flustered, be in a flurry, panic awa(tadashii) bustling, flurried, confused 大 慌 て ōawate great haste 慌 て 者 awatemono absentminded person, scatterbrain e9. yìe / f9. hìe / ഺ 468 4f6.3 Ä_ /46 6 ನ 469 4f8.3 ÄNO /46 FUKU U fortune, blessing, wealth, welfare 幸 福 kōfuku happiness 祝 福 shukufuku blessing 福 音 fukuin the Gospel; good news 福 引 き fukubiki lottery, raffle 七 福 神 Shichifukujin the Seven Gods of Good Fortune FUKU, haba width, breadth, range; influence 振 幅 shinpuku amplitude 大 幅 ōhaba broad; large, wholesale, substantial 幅 の 広 い haba no hiroi wide, broad 横 幅 yokohaba breadth, width 幅 が 利く haba ga kiku be influential HAN N squad, group 首 班 shuhan head, chief 班 長 hanchō squad/group leader 救 護 班 kyūgohan relief squad 班 点 hanten spot, speckle, dot HAN N spot 斑 点 hanten spot, speck 斑 紋 hanmon spot, speckle , , ಢ 470 3k5.4 mòì /3 6 ಬ 58 HAN N feudal clan/lord 55 藩 主 hanshu lord of a feudal clan 09 藩 学 hangaku samurai school for clan children 廃 藩 置 県 haihan-chiken abolition of clans and establishment of prefectures (in 87) 99, 43, 94 80

283 ६ ७ ८ ९ ఫ ॱ 47 3m. nòì / m3. ì á ½ m. ÎìO 8 58 SHIN N hearing, investigation, trial 審 査 shinsa examination, investigation 審 議 shingi deliberation, consideration 審 問 shinmon trial, hearing, inquiry 不 審 fushin doubt, suspicion 審 判 shinpan decision, judgment, refereeing RYO thought, consideration 考 慮 kōryo consideration, reflection 遠 慮 enryo reserve, restraint, hesitation 配 慮 hairyo consideration, solicitude 憂 慮 yūryo apprehension, concern 焦 慮 shōryo impatience; worry RYO captive 捕 虜 horyo prisoner of war 捕 虜 収 容 所 horyo shūyōjo POW camp 9 9, 770, 665, g7.3 Kì / a9.3 YìK / 58 YŪ Ū brave, courageous isa(mu) be in high spirits 34 勇 気 yūki courage 07 武 勇 buyū bravery, valor 58 勇 士 yūshi brave warrior, hero going too far 865 勇 退 yūtai retire voluntarily 58 勇 み 足 isamiashi (lose a sumo match by) overstepping; YŪ, wa(ku) well up, gush out; grow 湧 出 yūshutsu gush forth/out, well/bubble up 湧 き 水 wakimizu spring water c4. ªO` / c6. ªP@ /73 3 ࠌ YŪ Ū male, brave; great osu, o male 英 雄 eiyū hero 雄 弁 yūben eloquence 雄 大 yūdai grand, magnificent 雄 鳥 ondori rooster, male bird 両 雄 ryōyū two great men (rivals) SHI, mesu, me female 雌 伏 shifuku remain in obscurity, lie low 雌 雄 shiyū male and female; victory or defeat 雌 犬 mesuinu a bitch 雌 牛 meushi (female) cow 雌 花 mebana female flower

284 ॲ ॳ ॴ ॵ ॶ ॷ ॸ 478 6a6.5 /6 3 ࠀ 479 4e4. ypn /45 3 SHI, murasakii purple, violet 紫 外 線 shigaisen ultraviolet rays 紫 煙 shien tobacco smoke, blue cigarette smoke 紫 雲 shiun auspicious purple clouds 山 紫 水 明 sanshi-suimei beautiful scenery 紫 色 murasakiiro purple SHII happiness 福 祉 fukushi welfare, well-being 福 祉 国 家 fukushi kokka welfare state 社 会 福 祉 shakai fukushi social/public welfare 83, ,, , 40, , 58, e7.3 ëwe / a0.5 Ywn / ຄ 48 4a4. t / c4.7 d / a7.7 ù d /67 50 য 3 YŪ Ū surplus 09 余 裕 yoyū room, margin, leeway; composure 76 富 裕 fuyū wealth, affluence 466 裕 福 yūfuku wealth, affluence 余 裕 しゃくしゃく yoyū-shakushaku calm and composed 09 YŌ, to(keru) (intr.) melt, dissolve to(kasu), to(ku) (tr.) melt, dissolve 48 溶 解 yōkai (intr.) melt, dissolve 48 溶 岩 yōgan lava 480 溶 液 yōeki solution, 98 水 溶 性 suiyōsei water-soluble SEKII divide, take apart, analyze 38 分 析 bunseki analysis 38, 54, 09 分 析 化 学 bunseki kagaku analytical chemistry 8, 54, 38 市 場 分 析 shijō bunseki market analysis 精 神 分 析 学 seishin-bunseki-gaku psychoanalysis 670, 30, 38, 09 SETSU U break; fold; turn (left/right) o(ru) (tr.) fold; break; bend o(reru) (intr.) break; be folded; yield, compromise; turn (left/right) orii occasion, opportunity 76, 49, 485 右 折 禁 止 usetsu kinshi No Right Turn 367 曲 折 kyokusetsu twists and turns, complications 80 折り紙 origami paper folding; paper for origami SEI, chika(u) swear, pledge, vow 誓 約 seiyaku oath, vow, pledge 宣 誓 sensei oath 祈 誓 kisei oath, vow 誓 文 seimon written oath

285 ॹ ॺ ॻ ॼ ॽ ॾ ॿ 485 q7.8 U d /9 50 SEI, yu(ku), i(ku) die, pass away 逝 去 seikyo death 急 逝 kyūsei sudden/untimely death d7.3 e d / ୴ 487 3d8.7 eés / c.3 vü /4 69 TETSU U wisdom 哲 学 tetsugaku philosophy 哲 学 者 tetsugakusha philosopher 賢 哲 kentetsu wise man, sage 先 哲 sentetsu wise man of the past, sage of old 哲 人 tetsujin wise man, philosopher KEII open; say 啓 発 keihatsu enlightenment, edification 啓 示 keiji revelation 天 啓 tenkei divine revelation 拝 啓 haikei Dear Sir: 啓 蒙 keimō enlightenment, instruction 09 09, ZAN N (for) a while 暫 時 zanji (for) a short time 暫 定 zantei tentative, provisional ZEN N gradually, gradual advance 漸 次 zenji gradually, step by step 漸 進 zenshin gradual progress 漸 増 zenzō increase gradually 漸 減 zengen decrease gradually, taper off ߜ 489 3a. Yü / a5.8 [ 50 SEKII repel, reject 077 排 斥 haiseki rejection, exclusion, boycott 排 斥 運 動 haiseki undō agitation for expulsion/exclusion 077, 445, a5. ù [ /67 50 ਗ SO, utta(eru) sue, complain of, appeal (to) kiso prosecution, indictment teiso bring before (the court), file (suit) kokuso complaint, accusation, charges haiso losing a suit/case shōso winning a suit/case 起訴 提訴 告訴 敗訴 勝訴

286 ঀ অ আ 49 7a4.6 ù_` / ऌ 493 d7. Gü /7 69 ३ 494 d8. Gtv /7 4 4 ଫ 495 4a8.3 tv /4 4 ழ 496 3b3.3 bëè / Ӏ壞 497 4k3.9 áèë / ӆ懷 498 4k4. á /5 34 ӂ SHŌ accuse 訴 訟 soshō lawsuit, litigation 刑 事 訴 訟 keiji soshō criminal suit 民 事 訴 訟 minji soshō civil suit 離 婚 訴 訟 rikon soshō suit for divorce 訴 訟 費 用 soshō hiyō costs of litigation , 80, 49 77, 80, , 576, 49 49, 76, 07 JIN N battle array; camp; brief time, sudden 陣 営 jin'ei camp, encampment 陣 地 jinchi (military) position 陣 容 jin'yō battle array, lineup 退 陣 taijin decampment, withdrawal 陣 痛 jintsū labor (pains) CHIN N state, explain; show; old 陳 列 chinretsu display, exhibit 陳 情 chinjō petition, appeal 陳 述 chinjutsu statement, declaration 陳 謝 chinsha apology 新 陳 代 謝 shinchin taisha metabolism; regeneration 74, 56, 93 TŌ building; ridge of a rooff mune, [muna]] ridge of a roof; (counter for buildings) 3, 534 上 棟 式 jōtōshiki roof-laying ceremony 38 病 棟 byōtō (hospital) ward 67 別 棟 betsumune separate building 3, 534 棟 上 げ 式 muneageshiki roof-laying ceremony KAII breakk kowa(reru) get broken, breakk kowa(su) break, tear down, destroy, damage 4 壊 滅 kaimetsu destruction, annihilation 676 破 壊 hakai destruction, wrecking 74 崩 壊 hōkai collapse, breakdown, cave-in 803, 38 壊 血 病 kaiketsubyō scurvy KAII pocket; nostalgia natsu(kashii) dear, fond, longed-for natsu(kashimu) yearn for natsu(ku) take kindly (to) natsu(keru) win over, tame futokoro breast (pocket) 8, 08, 46 懐 中 電 灯 kaichū dentō flashlight 述 懐 jukkai (relating) one's thoughts and reminiscences 000 KAI, kokoroyo(i) pleasant, delightful 快 適 kaiteki comfortable, pleasant, agreeable 快 活 kaikatsu cheerful, lighthearted 全 快 zenkai complete recovery (from illness) 快 晴 kaisei fine weather, clear skies 快 速 kaisoku high-speed; express (train)

287 ই ঈ উ ঊ ঋ ঌ 499 4k.8 áèv / a. Yèv / m.8 nèá /33 55 MAN N lazy; boasting 我 慢 gaman exercise patience, tolerate 自 慢 jiman pride, boasting, vanity 怠 慢 taiman negligence, dereliction 緩 慢 kanman slow, sluggish 慢 性 mansei chronic MAN N aimless, random, involuntarily 漫 画 manga cartoon, comic book/strip 漫 談 mandan chat, idle talk 散 漫 sanman vague, loose, desultory 漫 然 manzen random, rambling, discursive 漫 才 manzai comic (stage) dialogue NEII peaceful, quiet; rather, preferably 丁 寧 teinei polite; careful, meticulous 安 寧 annei public peace/order బ 50 0a3. K[ 8 ॠ刄 503 4k3.3 ák[ /5 8 ధ 504 r7. ~] / d6. ±] / JIN, ha blade, edge 白 刃 hakujin naked blade, drawn sword 刃 先 hasaki edge (of a blade) 刃 物 hamono edged tool, cutlery 諸 刃 の 剣 moroha no tsurugi double-edged sword , 900 NIN, shino(bu) bear, endure; lie hidden; avoid (being seen) shino(baseru) hide, conceal 忍 苦 ninku endurance, stoicism 残 忍 zannin brutal, ruthless 忍 者 ninja (feudal) professional spy/assassin 忍 び 足 shinobiashi stealthy steps TAI, ta(eru) endure, bear, withstand; be fit, competent 503 忍 耐 nintai perseverance, patience 655 耐 熱 tainetsu heatproof, heat-resistant 0 耐 火 taika fireproof, fire-resistant 73 耐 久 taikyū endurance; durability 767, 44, 37 耐 乏 生 活 taibō seikatsu austerity JU U request, need, demand 需 要 供 給 juyō (kyōkyū) demand (and supply) 45, 97, 需 給 jukyū supply and demand 8 特 需 tokuju special procurement (in wartime) 444, 30 軍 需 品 gunjuhin military supplies, materiel 59, 30 必 需 品 hitsujuhin necessary articles, necessities 85

288 506 5 এ ঐ ও ঔ 506 a4. A±] / b9. éq] / i0. kéq / i. käé / k4.3 áäé / ଏ 5 3i. kué / ୵ 5 3c.3 dué /3 43 ୶ 49 JU U Confucianism; Confucian scholar 儒 教 jukyō Confucianism 儒 学 jugaku Confucianism 儒 学 者 jugakusha Confucian scholar 儒 家 juka Confucian scholar, Confucianist , TAN N end, tip; correct hashii end, edge hata side, edge, nearby ha edge 336 極 端 kyokutan extreme, ultra06 異 端 itan heresy, heathenism 49 道 端 michibata roadside, wayside 483 端 折 る hashoru tuck up; cut short, abridge BII minute, slight 微 妙 bimyō delicate, subtle 微 笑 bishō smile 微 熱 binetsu a slight fever 微 生 物 biseibutsu microorganism, microbe 顕 微 鏡 kenbikyō microscope CHŌ collect; demand; sign, symptom 徴 候 chōkō sign, indication, symptom 象 徴 shōchō symbol 特 徴 tokuchō distinctive feature 徴 税 chōzei tax collection 徴 兵 chōhei conscription, military service; draftee , 79 7, CHŌ, ko(rasu), ko(rashimeru) chastise, punish, discipline ko(riru) learn by experience, be taught a lesson, be sick of 907 懲 罰 chōbatsu disciplinary measure, punishment 376 懲 役 chōeki penal servitude, imprisonment 勧 善 懲 悪 kanzen-chōaku good over evil, poetic justice 094, 9, 304 TETSU U pierce, go through 徹 底 的 tetteiteki thorough 貫 徹 kantetsu carry through, accomplish 徹 夜 tetsuya stay up all night 冷 徹 reitetsu coolheaded, levelheaded 57, TETSU U withdraw, remove 撤 回 tekkai withdraw, retract, rescind 撤 去 tekkyo withdraw, evacuate, remove 撤 退 tettai withdraw, pull out, retreat 撤 兵 teppei withdraw troops, disengage 撤 廃 teppai abolish, do away with, repeal

289 53 59 ক খ গ ঘ ঙ চ ছ 53 3o8.9 qyn / a0.6 tvm /4 4 3 ฦ糢 55 4b0.6 uvm / a0.8 Yvm / 4 3 SŪ Ū respect, revere; lofty, sublime 崇 拝 sūhai worship, adoration 祖 先 崇 拝 sosen sūhai ancestor worship 崇 敬 sūkei veneration, reverence 崇 高 sūkō lofty, sublime, noble 64 63, 50, MO, BO copy, imitate; model 模 様 moyō pattern, design; appearance; situation 模 範 mohan model, exemplar 模 型 mokei (scale) model; a mold 模 造 mozō imitation 規 模 kibo scale, scope MAKU U membrane 角 膜 kakumaku cornea 鼓 膜 komaku eardrum 処 女 膜 shojomaku hymen 腹 膜 炎 fukumakuen peritonitis 結 膜 炎 ketsumakuen conjunctivitis, pinkeye , 0 345, , 49 BAKU U vague, obscure; desert; wide 砂 漠 沙 漠 sabaku desert 広 漠 kōbaku vast, boundless 漠 然 bakuzen vague, hazy, nebulous 04, ౺ 57 3k.4 mv / ආ 58 3k0.8 mvb / k9.3 mv / BO, ku(reru) grow dark, come to an end ku(rasu) live 歳 暮 seibo end of the year; year-end gift 野 暮 yabo uncouth, rustic, boorish 夕 暮 れ yūgure evening, twilight 一 人 暮 らし hitorigurashi living alone , BO, haka a grave 墓 地 bochi cemetery 墓 標 bohyō grave marker/post 墓 石 boseki gravestone 墓 穴 boketsu grave (pit) 墓 参り hakamairi visit to a grave BO appeal for, invite, raise tsuno(ru) appeal for, invite, raise, grow 44 intense 募 集 boshū recruiting, solicitation 846 応 募 ōbo apply for, enlist, enroll 846, 64 応 募 者 ōbosha applicant, entrant 3 募 金 bokin fund raising 6 公 募 kōbo offer for public subscription 87

290 50 56 জ ঝ ঞ ট ঠ ড 50 3k. mvá / k0.9 mvh / i8. vn /0 4 BO, shita(u) yearn for, love dearly, idolize 慕 情 bojō longing, love, affection 思 慕 shibo longing (for), deep attachment (to) 敬 慕 keibo love and respect 恋 慕 renbo love, affection 追 慕 tsuibo cherish (someone's) memory, sigh for MAKU U (stage) curtain; act (of a play) BAKU U shogunate 開 幕 kaimaku commencement of a performance 序 幕 jomaku opening act, prelude 除 幕 jomaku unveiling 内 幕 uchimaku, naimaku behind-the-scenes story 幕 府 Bakufu Japan's feudal government, shogunate MEI, MYŌ realm of the dead; dark 冥 土 meido hades, realm of the dead 冥 利 myōri divine favor, providence, luck 冥 加 myōga divine protection ด 53 3a8. Yá / k7.6 má_ / a6.4 Ym_ / 3 TEN, so(eru) add (to), append so(u) accompany 添 加 物 tenkabutsu an additive 添 付 tenpu attach, append 添 乗 員 tenjōin tour conductor 力 添 え chikarazoe help, assistance 付 き 添 い tsukisoi attending (someone), escorting , KYŌ, uyauya(shii) respectful, reverent, deferential 783 恭 順 kyōjun fealty, allegiance 78 恭 敬 kyōkei reverence, respect 恭 賀 新 年 kyōga shinnen Best wishes for a happy New Year. 769, 74, 45 KŌ flood, inundation; vast 洪 水 kōzui flood, inundation, deluge 洪 積 層 kōsekisō diluvium, diluvial formation 667, ܜ 56 o5.7 Re /6 4 GO Wu (dynasty of ancient China; Chinese surname) 696 呉 服 gofuku drapery, dry goods 696, 67 呉 服 屋 gofukuya draper's shop, dry-goods dealer 564 呉 音 go-on the Wu reading (an on reading of a kanji) 038 呉 越 Go-Etsu Wu and Yue/Yüeh (rival states of China) 呉 越 同 舟 Go-Etsu dōshū enemies in the same boat 98, 45 88

291 ঢ ণ ত থ ಡ ༲ দ 57 3e7.3 ge_ /5 4 6 GO pleasure, enjoyment 359 娯 楽 goraku amusement, enterainment 娯 楽 番 組 goraku bangumi entertainment program 359, 85, k7.5 áe] /5 4 GO, sato(ru) perceive, understand, realize, be enlightened 65 覚 悟 kakugo readiness, preparedness, resoluteness 悟り satori comprehension, understanding; spiritual awakening 4 ۦ 59 9a3. æ / a. æ] /76 4 ଡ 53 3j9. læ /3 76 ७ 53 9a. æp /76 3 ݝ 533 a.3 AæP / KŌ item, clause, paragraph 事 項 jikō matters, facts; items, particulars 事 項 索 引 jikō sakuin subject index 要 項 yōkō essential points, gist 条 項 jōkō provision, clause 項 目 kōmoku heading, item 80 80, 04, CHŌ, itadakii summit, top itada(ku) be capped with; receive 3 頂 上 chōjō summit, peak, top; climax 34 山 頂 sanchō summit, mountain top 69 頂 点 chōten zenith, peak, climax please (give me) 755 絶 頂 zetchō peak, height, climax 530 頂 戴 chōdai accept, receive; eat and drink, have, enjoy; SU U should, ought, necessary 59 必 須 hissu indispensable, essential, compulsory 必 須 科 目 hissu kamoku required subject, compulsory course 59 必 須 アイテム hissu aitemu a must-have item 86 那 須 Nasu (town, Tochigi Pref., center of resort area) 8, 8 恵 比 須 Ebisu Ebisu (one of the 7 gods of fortune) koro time, when, about 今 頃 imagoro at about this time 先 頃 sakigoro recently, the other day 近 頃 chikagoro recently, nowadays 頃 合 い koroai suitable time; propriety; moderation KEI, katamu(ku/keru) (intr./tr.) lean, incline, tilt 傾 向 keikō tendency, trend; inclination 傾 斜 keisha inclination, slant, slope 左 傾 sakei leftward leanings, radicalization 傾 聴 keichō listen 傾 倒 keitō devote oneself (to), be absorbed (in)

292 ধ ন প ফ ব 534 3a7. YuO / 43 Ч 535 3d7.4 euo /4 43 ura bay, inlet, seashore 677 浦 波 uranami wave breaking on the beach, breaker 津 々 浦 々 tsutsu-uraura throughout the land, the entire country 三 浦 半 島 Miura hanto Miura peninsula (south of Kamakura) 4, 88, 86 浦 島 太 郎 Urashima Tarō (character in a folktale) 86, 639, 04 HO suckle 哺 乳 類 honyūrui mammal 哺 育 hoiku suckle, nurse 969, b.4 bue / 43 4 舖 537 3c8.6 dbe /3 4 ࡅ HO shop, store; pavement 店 舗 tenpo shop, store 老 舗 shinise, rōho long-established store 舗 装 hosō pave 舗 装 道 路 ho(sō) dō(ro) paved road/street , 49, 5 SHA, su(teru) throw away, abandon, forsake 取 捨 shusha adoption or rejection, selection 投 げ 捨 てる nagesuteru throw away 捨 て 子 sutego abandoned child, foundling 見 捨 てる misuteru abandon, desert, forsake 切り捨 てる kirisuteru cut down; discard, omit SHŪ, hiro(u) pick up, find JŪ Ū ten (in documents) shūtokubutsu an acquisition 375, 79 拾得物 shūshū get under control, deal with 770 収 拾 dea 拾 い 物 hiroimono something found lying on the ground, /3 4 3 a find 79 金 拾 万 円 (kin) jūman en (amount of) 00,000 yen 3, 6, 3 3c a.4 YeN / 4 ୮ 540 3c.5 den /3 4 ୫ TEKI, shizuku a drop shitata(ru) drip, trickle 水 滴 suiteki drop of water 雨 滴 uteki raindrop 滴 下 tekika drip, trickle down 点 滴 tenteki falling drop of water, (intravenous) drip TEKI, tsu(mu) pick, pluck, nip 摘 発 tekihatsu exposure, disclosure 摘 出 tekishutsu pluck out, extract; expose 指 摘 shiteki point out 摘 要 tekiyō summary, synopsis 茶 摘 み chatsumi tea picking

293 व ভ ম য র ল 54 6a0.3 óv~ / ౼ 54 3k3. mvy / f3.4 úvy /66 4 ඈ 544 4i. ÉvÉ / ജ 545 6a6.9 ón_ /6 6 ܧ 546 7c6.3 ün_ /69 6 Ӽ 547 6a4.9 óno /6 BAKU, shiba(ru) tie up, bind 50 束 縛 sokubaku restraint, constraint, shackles 9 捕 縛 hobaku capture, apprehension, arrest 34 呪 縛 jubaku a spell 3 金 縛り kanashibari be bound; be tied down with money 48 縛り首 shibarikubi (execution by) hanging HAKU, usu(i) thin (paper), weak (tea), light (color) usu(maru), usu(ragu), usu(reru) thin out, fade usu(meru) dilute 660 浅 薄 senpaku shallow, superficial 09 薄 情 hakujō unfeeling, heartless, coldhearted 8 薄 弱 hakujaku feebleness 8 薄 明 hakumei twilight BO record book, ledger, register, list 簿 記 boki bookkeeping 帳 簿 chōbo account book, ledger 家 計 簿 kakeibo housekeeping account book 名 簿 meibo list of names, roster 会 員 名 簿 kaiin meibo list of members FU, shi(ku) spread, lay, put down 敷 設 fusetsu laying, construction 屋 敷 yashiki mansion; residential lot 座 敷 zashiki a room, reception room 敷 金 shikikin a deposit, security 敷 布 shikifu (bed) sheet , , 63, KŌ, shi(meru) strangle, wring shi(maru) be wrung out, pressed together shibo(ru) wring, squeeze, press, milk 585 絞 殺 kōsatsu strangle to death; hang 48, 908 絞 首 刑 kōshukei (execution by) hanging お 絞り oshibori wet towel (provided in restaurants) KAKU U compare 8 比 較 hikaku comparison 8, 0 比 較 的 hikakuteki comparatively, relatively 比 較 級 hikakukyū the comparative (of an adjective) 8, 577 比 較 文 学 hikaku bungaku comparative literature 8,, 09 MON N (family) crest; (textile) pattern crest 876 紋 章 monshō crest, coat of arms 菊 の 御 紋 kiku no gomon imperial chrysanthemum 483, 7 紋 切り形 / 型 monkirigata conventional pattern 39, 399, 指 紋 shimon a fingerprint 677 波 紋 hamon a ripple 9

294 শ ষ স 548 0a4.8 4 Ҳ 549 3k5.9 m]n /3 4 ҵ 550 8c5. ª]N /73 4 Ҹ 55 d5.8 G]N /7 4 ࡐ 55 0a0.5 ]N 77 4 ւ 553 4a0. t ] / Ӟ 554 4k0.3 á ] / GA, GE, kiba tooth, fang, canine tooth, tusk 486 歯 牙 shiga teeth 75 象 牙 zōge ivory 75, 7, 595 象 牙 海 岸 Zōge Kaigan Ivory Coast 53 毒 牙 dokuga poison fang; perfidy, nasty trick 牙 を むく kiba o muku bare one's fangs, snarl (at) GA, me a sprout, bud 発 芽 hatsuga germinate, sprout, bud 麦 芽 bakuga malt 新 芽 shinme new bud, sprout, shoot 芽 生 え mebae bud, sprout, seedling 木 の 芽 ki no me leaf bud; Japanese pepper bud GA elegance, gracefulness 優 雅 yūga elegance, grace, refinement 風 雅 fūga elegance, refinement, (good) taste 雅 趣 gashu elegance, tastefulness, artistry 雅 楽 gagaku ancient Japanese court music JA evil, wrong 邪 推 jasui groundless suspicion, mistrust 邪 道 jadō evil course, vice; heresy 邪 教 jakyō heretical religion, heathenism 邪 宗 jashū heretical sect, heathenism 風 邪 kaze a cold KI, sude (ni) already, previously 既 成 の 事 実 kisei (no) jijitsu accomplished fact 既 製 服 kiseifuku ready-made clothes 既 婚 kikon married 既 報 kihō previous report 既 往 症 kiōshō previous illness; medical history GAII general, approximate 概 算 gaisan rough estimate 概 略 gairyaku outline, summary 概 括 gaikatsu summary, generalization 概 況 gaikyō general situation, outlook 概 念 gainen concept 6, 80, , , GAII regret, lament, deplore 33 慨 嘆 gaitan regret, lament, deplore 6 感 慨 kangai deep emotion 感 慨 無 量 kangai-muryō filled with deep emotion 6, 93, 47 ӝ 9

295 হ ල ঽ 555 3a8.33 YbÎ / 8 ӟ 556 3o8. qbî /36 GAII shore; end, limit 生 涯 shōgai a life, one's lifetime 生 涯 学 習 shōgai gakushū lifelong learning 生 涯 教 育 shōgai kyōiku lifelong education 一 生 涯 isshōgai one's (whole) life (long) 天 涯 tengai horizon; a distant land 44 44, 09, 60 44, 45, 46, 44 4 GAI, gake cliff 断 崖 dangai cliff, precipice 崖 っ ぷ ち gakeppuchi edge of a cliff; critical situation Ӝ 557 a6.0 Ab /3 ҍ 558 3b6.3 b~ / 37 ല 559 3c8.6 dbp /3 3 Ԇ 560 3b6.4 bpa / 3 3 KA good, beautiful 佳 人 kajin beautiful woman, a beauty 佳 作 kasaku a fine piece of work 風 光 絶 佳 fūkō-zekka scenic beauty 佳 境 kakyō interesting part, climax (of a story) FŪ Ū seal HŌ fief 同 封 dōfū enclose (with a letter) 封 入 fūnyū enclose (with a letter) 封 書 fūsho sealed letter/document 開 封 kaifū open (a letter) 封 建 制 度 hōken seido the feudal system 36 9, 38, , 433, 378 ka(karu) hang; cost, take ka(keru) hang up, put on top of; spend; multiply kakarii expenses; tax; relation, connection 373 腰 掛 け koshikake seat, bench; stepping-stone 688, 500 掛 け 布 団 kakebuton quilt, bedspread 03 掛 け 軸 kakejiku hanging scroll 97 心 掛 け kokorogake intention; attitude; attention FU, omomu(ku) go, proceed; become 赴 任 funin proceed to one's new post 赴 任 地 funinchi one s post/place of appointment 赴 任 先 funinsaki one s post/place of appointment , 8 334, 50 ന 56 7a. ùp FU U report of death, obituary 訃 報 fuhō news of someone s death 訃 告 fukoku obituary, death notice /67 3 ᥌

296 ච 56 4a.3 tp / k5.7 mã@ /3 5 BOKU U simple, plain 素 朴 soboku simple, unsophisticated 質 朴 shitsuboku simplehearted, unsophisticated 朴 直 bokuchoku simple and honest, ingenuous 純 朴 junboku simple and honest MO, shige(ru) grow thick/rank/luxuriantly 繁 茂 hanmo luxuriant growth 生 い 茂 る oishigeru grow luxuriantly ว楙 564 3k. mèã /3 55 BETSU, sagesu(mu) despise, scorn 軽 蔑 keibetsu contempt, scorn, disdain 蔑 視 besshi look down on, regard with contempt BYŌ, nae, [nawa]] seedling, sapling 苗 木 naegi sapling, seedling, young tree 苗 床 naedoko nursery, seedbed 苗 代 nawashiro bed for rice seedlings 苗 字 myōji family name, surname ൩ 565 3k5. mì / c8. dìm / g8.5 iìm / మ 568 6f5.6 úv@ /66 4 BYŌ, ega(ku), ka(ku) draw, paint, sketch, depict, portray 549 描 写 byōsha depiction, portrayal, description 心 理 描 写 shinri byōsha psychological description 97, 43, 素 描 sobyō rough sketch 345 絵 描 き ekaki painter, artist BYŌ, neko cat 59 愛 猫 aibyō pet/favorite cat 36, 3 野 良 猫 noraneko stray cat 34, 30, 9 山 猫 争 議 yamaneko sōgi wildcat strike 759 in stores 猫 撫 声 nekonadegoe coaxing voice 46 招 き 猫 manekineko porcelain cat beckoning customers TEKI, fue flute, whistle 警 笛 keiteki alarm whistle; (automobile) horn 汽 笛 kiteki steam whistle 霧 笛 muteki foghorn 口 笛 kuchibue (give a) whistle 角 笛 tsunobue bugle; huntsman's horn

297 f6.5 úe / f8.5 úeo /66 4 Ҡヶ 57 3k5.3 mbl /3 9 ٵ 莖 57 3i5.5 kbl /9 9 ٣徑 573 4k5. ábl /5 9 Ӄ恠 574 j6.5 NO_ / TŌ, tsutsu pipe, tube 封 筒 fūtō envelope 水 筒 suitō canteen, flask 円 筒 形 entō(kei) cylinder 気 筒 kizutsu (engine) cylinder 竹 筒 takezutsu bamboo tube KA (single) object, (counter for inanimate objects) 箇 所 kasho place, part, passage (in a book) 箇 条 kajō article, provision, item 箇 条 書 き kajōgaki an itemization 一 箇 年 ikkanen one year 558 3, , 3, 45 KEI, kukii stalk, stem 地 下 茎 chikakei underground stem, rhizome 球 茎 kyūkei (tulip) bulb 陰 茎 inkei penis 歯 茎 haguki gums 8, KEII path; diameter 直 径 chokkei diameter 半 径 hankei radius 口 径 kōkei caliber 径 路 keiro course, route, process 直 情 径 行 chokujō keikō straightforwardness , 09, 68 KAI, aya(shii) dubious; suspicious-looking; strange, mysterious; poor, clumsy aya(shimu) doubt, be skeptical/surprised, marvel at 444 怪 奇 kaiki mysterious, grotesque, eerie 603 怪 談 kaidan ghost story 38 怪 我 kega injury, wound 34 怪 し 気 ayashige suspicious, questionable, shady SEII in order, equal 一 斉 に issei ni all at one, all together 均 斉 kinsei symmetry, good balance 80 6 齊 575 j9.6 N}O / 35 SAII religious purification; a room 書 斎 shosai a study, library 斎 戒 saikai purification 斎 戒 沐 浴 saikai mokuyoku ablution, purification ޓ 齋 , 80

298 ৎ 576 3i9.6 kèî / JUN N follow; circulate 循 環 junkan circulation 血 液 循 環 ketsueki junkan blood circulation 悪 循 環 akujunkan vicious circle , 480, , 884 ࢰ 577 c6. EÎ` /6 8 7 ۈ 578 3h6. jî` /8 8 7 KO lone, alone 孤 独 kodoku solitary, lonely 孤 立 koritsu isolation 孤 島 kotō solitary/desert island 孤 客 kokaku solitary traveler 孤 児 院 koji(in) orphan(age) KO arc 弧 状 kojō arc-shaped 円 弧 enko circular arc 括 弧 kakko parentheses ( ) , ۋ 579 3i7.3 k_] /9 6 4 從 580 6a0. ók_ /6 9 6 縱 58 4d5.8 wo /44 Ϩ爲 58 a9. AwO /3 44 僞 JŪ, [JU], [SHŌ], shitaga(u) obey, comply with, follow shitaga(eru) be attended by; conquer 服 従 fukujū obedience, submission 盲 従 mōjū blind obedience 従 来 jūrai up to now, usual, conventional 従 業 員 jūgyōin employee , 63 JŪ, tate lengthwise; height, length; vertical 縦 線 jūsen vertical line 放 縦 hōjū self-indulgent, dissolute, licentious 縦 横 jūō, tateyoko length and breadth 縦 断 jūdan vertical section; traverse, travel across I do 為 政 者 iseisha statesman, administrator 人 為 的 jin'iteki artificial 行 為 kōi act, deed; behavior, conduct 無 為 mui idleness, inaction 為 替 kawase money order; (foreign) exchange 49, 64, GII falsify, deceive, lie itsuwa(ru) lie, misrepresent; feign; deceive nise fake, counterfeit 704 偽 造 gizō forgery 493 偽 証 gishō perjury 48 真 偽 shingi true or false; truth 79 偽 物 nisemono fake, imitation, counterfeit 96

299 ๆ 583 a5. /3 ࠐ 584 5b. éo /54 ग़ 585 5b9.6 éte / JI, ni(ru) be similar (to), be like, resemble 類 似 ruiji resemblance, similarity 相 似 sōji resemblance, similarity 似 顔 nigao likeness, portrait 空 似 sorani accidental resemblance 似 合う niau be becoming, suit, go well (with) SHIN, kara(i) hot, spicy, salty; hard, trying 辛 苦 shinku hardships, labor, trouble 辛 酸 shinsan hardships, privations 辛 勝 shinshō win after a hard fight 辛 抱 shinbō patience, perseverance 辛 味 karami pungent taste, spiciness RATSU U bitter, severe 辛 辣 shinratsu bitter, biting, harsh 辣 腕 ratsuwan astute, sharp 悪 辣 akuratsu unscrupulous, wily ᨯ 586 3m7. néo /33 54 SAII manage, rule 主 宰 shusai superintendence, presiding over 主 宰 者 shusaisha president, chairman, leader 宰 相 saishō prime minister, premier 55 55, ކ 587 3b3.7 bés / f3. Äés / HEKI, kabe wall 障 壁 shōheki fence, wall, barrier, obstacle 防 壁 bōheki protective wall, bulwark 岩 壁 ganpeki rock wall/face 壁 画 hekiga fresco, mural 壁 紙 kabegami wallpaper HEKII pierced jewel-disk, jewel; splendid 完 璧 kanpeki perfect, flawless 双 璧 sōheki two great masters, the two greatest authorities 70 HEKI, kuse personal habit, quirk, propensity 性 癖 seiheki disposition, proclivity 悪 癖 akuheki bad habit 潔 癖 keppeki love of cleanliness, fastidiousness 盗 癖 tōheki kleptomania 口 癖 kuchiguse habit of saying, favorite phrase ᕾ 589 5i3. ñés /

300 ড় ঢ় 590 q3.3 Ués / a5.3 m 3 4 Ռ 59 6a5.5 óm /6 3 4 HI, sa(keru) avoid 回 避 kaihi evasion, avoidance 不 可 避 fukahi unavoidable 避 難 hinan refuge, evacuation 避 妊 hinin contraception 避 雷 針 hiraishin lightning rod 90 94, , 34 KAN, ama(i) sweet; insufficiently salted; indulgent; over-optimistic ama(eru) coax, wheedle, act spoiled, presume upon (another's) love ama(yakasu) be indulgent 307, 39 甘 味 料 kanmiryō sweetener 405 甘 美 kanbi sweet, dulcet 66 甘 言 kangen honeyed words, flattery N dark/navy blue KON 紺 色 kon'iro dark/navy blue 濃 紺 nōkon deep/dark/navy blue 紺 屋 kon'ya, kōya dyer, dyer's shop BŌ a certain 某 所 bōsho a certain place 某 氏 bōshi a certain person 某 国 bōkoku a certain country 某 日 bōjitsu a certain day, one day 何 某 nanibō a certain person ݫ 593 4a5.33 tm /4 3 4 ම 594 7a9.8 ùtm / e9. gtm / c0.9 dn_ / BŌ, [MU], haka(ru) plan (secretly), devise; deceive 陰 謀 inbō plot, intrigue, conspiracy 共 謀 kyōbō conspiracy, collusion 主 謀 者 shubōsha ringleader, mastermind 謀 略 bōryaku strategem, scheme 参 謀 sanbō (general) staff , BAII go-between 894 触 媒 shokubai catalyst 894, 36, 07 触 媒 作 用 shokubai sayō catalytic action 460 媒 介 baikai mediation; matchmaking 460, 79 媒 介 物 baikaibutsu a medium; carrier (of a disease) 5 霊 媒 reibai (spiritualistic) medium SAKU, shibo(ru) squeeze, press, extract, milk 圧 搾 assaku pressure, compression 圧 搾 器 assakuki press, compressor 搾 乳 sakunyū milk (a cow) 搾 取 sakushu exploitation 搾り取 る shiboritoru press out, extract ,

301 য় ৠ ৡ 597 7a5.6 ù^p /67 5 SA lie, deceive 詐 称 sashō misrepresent oneself 詐 取 sashu fraud, swindle ݹ 598 4j8. Üm /49 3 GI, azamu(ku) deceive, dupe 詐 欺 sagi fraud 詐 欺 師 sagishi swindler , t.3 _ /0 6 ೡ 600 0a9.0 m ] g9.3 Km /8 3 4 Ա 60 0a6.3 t^ f6. Ät^ / HITSU U same kind, comparable; a man hikii (counter for animals); (unit of cloth length, about. m) 4 匹 敵 hitteki be a match (for), comparable (to) 35 匹 夫 hippu man; man of humble position 80, 犬 一 匹 inu ippiki one dog JIN, hanaha(da/dashii) very much, extreme, intense 甚 大 jindai very great, immense, serious, heavy 激 甚 gekijin intense, violent, severe 幸 甚 kōjin very glad, much obliged 甚 六 jinroku simpleton, blockhead KAN N perception, intuition, sixth sense 勘 定 kanjō counting, accounts, bill 割り勘 warikan splitting the bill equally, Dutch treat 勘 弁 kanben pardon, forgive, overlook 勘 違 い kanchigai misunderstanding, mistaken idea 勘 当 kandō disown, disinherit SHU U scarlet 朱 色 shuiro scarlet, cinnabar, vermilion 朱 印 shuin red seal 朱 肉 shuniku red ink pad 朱 筆 を 加 える shuhitsu o kuwaeru correct, retouch , 7 SHU U pearl 真 珠 shinju pearl 珠 玉 shugyoku jewel, gem 珠 算 shuzan calculation on the abacus 数 珠 juzu rosary 真 珠 湾 Shinju-wan Pearl Harbor , 68 99

302 ০ ১ ২ ৩ ৪ 604 0a0.7 t{^ SHU, koto (ni) especially, in particular 特 殊 tokushu special, unique 特 殊 性 tokushusei special characteristics, peculiarity 殊 勝 shushō admirable, praiseworthy 殊 の 外 koto no hoka exceedingly, exceptionally 8 8, RU U lapis lazuli; light-blue 4f0.3 ÄìÎ / f0.5 ÄN /46 RII lapis lazuli 瑠 璃 ruri lapis lazuli 浄 瑠 璃 jōruri (type of ballad-drama) , ຳ 607 5c7.4 è{o /55 30 ऴ 608 q5. SHOKU, fu(eru) grow in number, increase fu(yasu) increase 75 増 殖 zōshoku increase, multiply, proliferate 44 生 殖 seishoku reproduction, procreation 367 繁 殖 hanshoku breeding, reproduction 406 養 殖 yōshoku raising, culture, cultivation TETSU U alternate 更 迭 kōtetsu change (in personnel), reshuffle 045 U ^ / d5. ê ^ / ૪ 60 a4.5 Aã /3 5 CHITSU U order, sequence 秩 序 chitsujo order, system, regularity 安 寧 秩 序 annei-chitsujo peace and order 無 秩 序 muchitsujo disorder, chaos, confusion 秩 父 Chichibu (resort area NW of Tōkyō) , 50, , BATSU U attack; cut down 征 伐 seibatsu conquest, subjugation 討 伐 tōbatsu subjugation, suppression 殺 伐 satsubatsu bloody, savage, warlike, fierce 伐 採 bassai timber felling, lumbering 乱 伐 ranbatsu reckless deforestation, overcutting

303 6 67 ৫ ৬ ৭ ৮ ৯ ৰ ৱ 6 8e6. ã A / ಕ 6 8e0. e ~ / 鬪 63 9a7. æ t e / ຟ 64 3a6.3 Y æ t / 76 4 BATSU clique, clan, faction 派 閥 habatsu clique, faction 財 閥 zaibatsu financial combine 軍 閥 gunbatsu military clique, the militarists 藩 閥 hanbatsu clan, clique, faction 門 閥 monbatsu lineage; distinguished family TŌ, tataka(u) fight, struggle 闘 争 tōsō struggle, conflict; strike 戦 闘 sentō battle, combat 奮 闘 funtō hard fighting, strenuous efforts 春 闘 shuntō spring (labor) offensive 格 闘 kakutō hand-to-hand fighting, scuffle RAI, tano(mu) ask for, request, entrust (to) tano(moshii) reliable, dependable, promising tayo(ru) rely, depend (on) 69 依 頼 irai request; entrust (to); reliance 57 信 頼 shinrai reliance, trust, confidence 790 頼 み 込 む tanomikomu earnestly request se shallows, rapids 660 浅 瀬 asase shoal, shallows, sandbank; ford 48 早 瀬 hayase swift current, rapids 瀬 戸 際 setogiwa crucial moment, crisis, brink (of war) 5, 68 5, 79 瀬 戸 物 setomono porcelain, china, earthenware 5, 84, 7 瀬 戸 内 海 Seto Naikai Seto Inland Sea ঔ SO distance uto(mu) shun, neglect, treat coldly uto(i) distant, estranged, know little (of) 453 t e P 疎 遠 soen estrangement, alienation 400 疎 開 sokai evacuation, removal understanding 空 疎 kūso empty, unsubstantial 3, 58, 50 意 志 の 疎 通 (ishi no) sotsū mutual 65 0a.4 ਏ踈 66 5a3. ç t ] / ਐ 67 m. P ^ / SO, ishizue cornerstone, foundation (stone) 457 基 礎 kiso foundation, basis 基 礎 工 事 kiso kōji foundation work, groundwork 457, 39, , 4, 694 基 礎 知 識 kiso chishiki elementary knowledge 78 礎 石 soseki foundation (stone) 356, 534 定 礎 式 teisoshiki laying of the cornerstone GI, utaga(u) doubt, distrust, be suspicious of 6 疑 問 gimon question, doubt, problem 00 疑 惑 giwaku suspicion, distrust, misgivings 905 疑 獄 gigoku scandal (session) 665, 64 容 疑 者 yōgisha a suspect 76, 846, 60 質 疑 応 答 shitsugi-ōtō question and answer 30

304 68 64 ৴ ৵ ৶ ৷ ৸ 68 3c4. d P / b4. C P / c4.5 d y n / c.3 d õ v / f4.8 ì / a9. ç ì O / f5.6 ì _ ` / GI imitate 擬 人 gijin 擬 音 gion 模 擬 mogi 模擬試験 personification an imitated sound; sound effects 347 imitation, simulated 54 mogi shiken mock/trial examination 54, 535, 54 GYŌ, ko(ru) get stiff; be engrossed (in); be fastidious, elaborate (about) ko(rasu) concentrate, strain 004 凝 固 gyōko solidification, coagulation, freezing 494 凝 結 gyōketsu coagulation, curdling, condensation 66 凝 視 gyōshi stare at, watch intently 98 凝り性 korishō fastidiousness, perfectionism SATSU rub su(ru) rub, file su(reru) rub, chafe, become worn; lose one s simplicity 49, 643 擦 過 傷 sakkashō an abrasion, scratch 4 靴 擦 れ kutsuzure shoe sore 833 擦 れ 違う surechigau pass by each other SATSU pick up; summarize to(ru) take (a picture) 873 撮 影 satsuei photography, filming 873, 53 撮 影 所 satsueijo movie studio 479, 43, 873 夜 間 撮 影 yakan satsuei night photography 戸 / 野 外 撮 影 ko/ya-gai satsuei outdoor photography, outdoor shooting 5, 36, 83, 873 HI, iya(shii) humble, lowly, base, ignoble, vulgar iya(shimeru/shimu) despise, look down on 78 卑 俗 hizoku vulgar, coarse 卑 劣 漢 hiretsukan mean bastard, low-down skunk 03, 565 over women 67 卑 語 higo vulgar word/expression 0, 77, 0 男 尊 女 卑 danson-johi predominance of men HI tombstone, monument 記 念 碑 kinenhi monument, memorial 墓 碑 bohi tombstone, gravestone 石 碑 sekihi tombstone, (stone) monument 碑 文 hibun epitaph, inscription KI demon, devil; spirits of the dead oni demon, devil 鬼 神 kijin, kishin, onigami fierce god; departed soul 餓 鬼 gaki hungry ghost; little brat 鬼 才 kisai genius, man of remarkable talent 鬼 ごっこ onigokko tag; blindman's buff 30 37,

305 65 63 ৹ 65 3b0. b ì _ / 58 6 ҿ 66 5f9. ì ` / ݭ 67 5f0. ì t _ / e0. ì _ / q8. Ã ì t / q8.3 Ã t / q.6 Ã t d /8 4 3 KAI, katamari lump, clod, clump 土 塊 dokai clod of dirt 金 塊 kinkai gold nugget/bar 肉 塊 nikkai piece of meat 塊 根 kaikon tuberous root 塊 状 kaijō massive KON, tamashii soul, spirit 霊 魂 reikon the soul 商 魂 shōkon commercial spirit, salesmanship 魂 胆 kontan soul; ulterior motive 負 けじ 魂 makeji-damashii unyielding spirit 大 和 魂 Yamato-damashii the Japanese spirit , 4 MI charm, enchant, fascinate 魅 力 miryoku charm, appeal, fascination 魅 力 的 miryokuteki fascinating, captivating 魅 了 miryō charm, captivate, hold spellbound 魅 惑 miwaku fascination, charm, lure 00 00, SHŪ, miniku(i) ugly; indecent shūbun scandal shūaku ugly, abominable, scandalous shūtai unseemly sight; disgraceful behavior shūjo, shikome ugly woman bishū beauty or ugliness; appearance 醜聞 醜悪 醜態 醜女 美醜 MA demon, devil, evil spirit 悪 魔 akuma devil 魔 術 majutsu black magic, sorcery, witchcraft 魔 法 mahō magic 魔 法 瓶 mahōbin thermos bottle 邪 魔 jama encumbrance, interruption, disturbance MA, asa flax, hemp 大 麻 taima, ōasa hemp, marijuana 麻 薬 mayaku narcotics, drugs 麻 痺 mahi paralysis 小 児 麻 痺 shōni mahi infantile paralysis, polio 麻 糸 asaito hempen yarn, linen thread , , 80 4 MA rub, rub off, scrape 60 摩 擦 masatsu friction 冷 水 摩 擦 reisui masatsu rubdown with a wet towel 85,, 60 按 摩 anma massage; masseur, masseuse 303

306 ਅ 63 3q3.3 Ã ç t / e4. t / f.5 ú v / Ց 635 p.3 Î t v /8 4 4 MA, miga(ku) polish, brush 研 磨 kenma grind, polish; study hard 磨 滅 mametsu wear, abrasion 達 磨 Daruma Bodhidharma; Dharma doll (legless) 歯 磨 き hamigaki brushing one s teeth; toothpaste 磨 き 上 げ る migakiageru polish up KAN leisure; quiet; neglect 閑 静 kansei quiet, peaceful 森 閑 shinkan stillness, quiet 安 閑 ankan idleness 閑 散 kansan leisure; (market) inactivity 農 閑 期 nōkanki the slack season for farming KAN simple, brief 簡 単 kantan simple, brief 簡 略 kanryaku simple, concise 簡 潔 kanketsu concise 簡 素 kanso plain and simple 書 簡 shokan letter, correspondence REKI, koyomi calendar 西 暦 seireki the Western calendar, A.D. 旧 暦 kyūreki the old (lunar) calendar 太 陽 暦 taiyōreki the solar calendar 還 暦 kanreki one's 60th birthday 花 暦 hanagoyomi floral calendar KA cake; fruit お 菓 子 (o)kashi candy, confections, pastry m v t 菓 子 屋 kashiya candy store, confectionery shop 和 菓 子 wagashi Japanese-style confection /3 4 4 茶 菓 chaka, saka tea and cake, refreshments 水 菓 子 mizugashi fruit , , k8. Ҧ 637 i. I classify and compile 語 彙 goi vocabulary 03 03, 67 4, 03 5, v t /0 4 4 ᇹ 638 5e8. ë v t /57 4 ຜ 4 RA, hadaka naked 36 裸 婦 rafu nude woman 6, 343 裸 体 画 rataiga nude picture 07 赤 裸 々 sekirara naked; frank, outspoken body 83 裸 馬 hadakauma unsaddled horse 裸 一 貫 hadaka-ikkan with no property but one's own,

307 ਆ ਇ ਈ ਉ ਊ 639 5e3. ë t y / آ 640 3n8. o v t / ਰ 64 3h9.3 j v } / 彈 64 4e9. y v } / 禪 643 0a8.3 O 34 4 ඏ 644 a8.8 A / උ 645 4a8.0 t /4 34 ඹ 4 KIN, eri neck; collar, lapel 胸 襟 kyōkin bosom, heart 開 襟 シャツ kaikin shatsu open-necked shirt 襟 巻 き erimaki muffler, scarf 襟 首 erikubi nape, back/scruff of the neck 襟 元 erimoto the neck SŌ, su nest 03 inflammation 卵 巣 ransō ovary 49, 400, 38 炎 症 病 巣 enshō byōsō focus of an 巣 立 ち sudachi leave the nest, become independent 7 古 巣 furusu old nest, one's old haunt 空 き 巣 狙 い akisunerai burglar; burglary (of an empty house) DAN bullet, shell; bounce; play (a string instrument) tama bullet hazu(mu) bounce; be stimulated; fork out, splurge on hi(ku) play (a string instrument) 053 爆 弾 bakudan a bomb 654 弾 丸 dangan projectile, bullet, shell 00, 98 弾 力 性 danryoku(sei) elasticity; flexibility ZEN Zen Buddhism 66 禅 宗 Zenshū the Zen sect 800 座 禅 zazen religious meditation (done while sitting) 453 禅 僧 zensō Zen priest dialogue 4 禅 寺 zendera Zen temple 禅 問 答 zen mondō Zen dialogue; incomprehensible 6, 60 HŌ, [BU] offer, present; revere; serve tatematsu(ru) offer, present; revere 77 奉 納 hōnō dedication, offering 438 奉 献 hōken dedication, consecration 57 信 奉 shinpō belief, faith 333 奉 仕 hōshi attendance; service 6 奉 公 hōkō public duty; domestic service HŌ salary 346 俸 給 hōkyū salary, pay 45 年 俸 nenpō annual salary 66 号 俸 gōhō pay level, salary class allowance 78 減 俸 genpō salary reduction, pay cut 45, 837, 7 年 功 加 俸 nenkō kahō long-service pension/ BŌ stick, pole 3 鉄 棒 tetsubō iron bar; the horizontal bar (in gymnastics) 97 心 棒 shinbō axle, shaft 棒 立 ち bōdachi standing bolt upright 46 相 棒 aibō pal; accomplice 348, 37 棒 暗 記 bōanki indiscriminate memorization 305

308 ਏ ਐ ਓ 646 0a ਢ 647 3a5.34 Y / a.0 Y t A / o. R á ` /6 5 7 ࠕ 650 5a9.6 ç _ ` / a9.7 Y _ ` / 6 7 SŌ play (a musical instrument); report (to a superior); take effect kana(deru) play (a musical instrument) 344, 58 演 奏 会 ensōkai concert, recital 9 独 奏 dokusō a solo (performance) 3, 7 二 重 奏 nijūsō duet 066 伴 奏 bansō accompaniment TAI calm, peace; (short for) Thailand 泰 然 自 若 taizen-jijaku imperturbability 安 泰 antai tranquility; security 泰 平 taihei peace, tranquility 泰 西 taisei Occident, the West 泰 西 名 画 taisei meiga famous Western painting 66, 6, , 8, 343 SHITSU, urushi lacquer 536 漆 器 shikki lacquerware 06 漆 黒 shikkoku jet-black, pitch-black 乾 漆 像 kanshitsuzō dry-lacquered image (of Buddha) 49, 753 漆くい shikkui mortar, plaster 漆 塗り urushinuri lacquered, japanned JI, itsuku(shimu) love, be affectionate to; pity 慈 善 jizen charity, philanthropy 慈 悲 jihi mercy, benevolence, pity 慈 恵 jikei charity 慈 愛 jiai affection, kindness, love 慈 雨 jiu beneficial/welcome rain JI magnetism; porcelain 磁 気 jiki magnetism, magnetic 磁 石 jishaku magnet 電 磁 石 denjishaku electromagnet 磁 場 jiba, jijō magnetic field 磁 器 jiki porcelain JI luxuriant, rich 滋 養 jiyō nourishment, nutrition 滋 養 分 jiyōbun nutritious element, nutriment 滋 賀 県 Shiga-ken Shiga Prefecture , , , a7.5 ~ O 37 4 壽 JU longevity; congratulations kotobuki congratulations; longevity 寿 命 jumyō lifespan, life 長 寿 chōju long life, lonevity 喜 寿 kiju one's 77th birthday 寿 司 sushi sushi

309 ਔ ਕ ਖ ਗ ਘ ਙ ਚ 653 8a7. ß ~ O /7 37 鑄 654 8a6.4 ß e { / บ 655 4m8. â ª / a. æ ª s / m6. â /40 39 য় 658 4m8. â P /40 3 CHŪ, i(ru) cast (metal) 鋳 造 chūzō casting; minting, coinage 鋳 鉄 chūtetsu cast iron 改 鋳 kaichū recoinage; recasting 鋳 型 igata a mold, cast 鋳 物 imono an article of cast metal, a casting MEI inscription, signature, name; precept, motto 銘 記 meiki bear in mind 感 銘 kanmei deep impression 銘 柄 meigara a brand (name) 座 右 銘 zayūmei motto 碑 銘 himei inscription; epitaph , KO, yato(u) employ, hire; charter 終 身 雇 用 shūshin koyō lifetime employment 解 雇 kaiko dismiss, fire 雇 い 人 yatoinin employee; servant 雇 い 主 yatoinushi employer 466, 59, KO, kaeri(miru) look back; take into consideration 回 顧 kaiko recollection, retrospect 回 顧 録 kaikoroku reminiscences, memoirs 顧 慮 koryo regard, consideration 顧 問 komon adviser 顧 客 kokaku, kokyaku customer 90 90, SEN, ōgi fan, folding fan 扇 子 sensu folding fan 扇 風 機 senpūki electric fan 扇 形 senkei, ōgigata fan shape, sector, segment 扇 動 sendō incitement, instigation, agitation 舞 扇 maiōgi dancer's fan 03 9, HI, tobira door; title page 開 扉 kaihi opening of the door 門 扉 monpi the doors of a gate a7.3 A /3 70 SOKU, unaga(su) urge, prompt, spur on 促 進 sokushin promotion, acceleration 催 促 saisoku press, urge, demand 促 成 sokusei artificially accelerate, force (growth)

310 ཥ ਛ ਜ ਝ ਞ ਟ ਠ 660 3c7. d /3 70 SOKU, tora(eru) catch, capture 9 捕 捉 hosoku catch, capture, seize 択 捉 島 Etorofu-tō Etorofu/Iturup Island (largest of the Kuril islands) 030, d7. u /70 43 踴 66 7d8.3 v Y /70 4 蹈 663 7d4. ª / a4.5 Y ª / YŌ, odo(ru) dance odo(ri) a dance, dancing 舞 踊 buyō a dance, dancing 盆 踊り Bon odori Bon Festival dance 踊り子 odoriko dancer, dancing girl 踊り狂う odorikuruu dance ecstatically 踊り場 odoriba dance hall/floor; (stairway) landing TŌ, fu(mu) step on fu(maeru) stand on, be based on 舞 踏 会 butōkai ball, dance party 雑 踏 zattō hustle and bustle, (traffic) congestion 踏 査 tōsa survey, field investigation 踏 切 fumikiri railroad crossing 足 踏 み ashibumi step, stamp, mark time YAKU, odo(ru) jump, leap, hop 飛 躍 hiyaku a leap; activity; rapid progress 活 躍 katsuyaku active, action 暗 躍 an'yaku behind-the-scenes maneuvering 躍 進 yakushin advance by leaps and bounds 躍 動 yakudō lively motion TAKU wash, rinse 洗 濯 sentaku washing, the wash, laundry 洗 濯 機 sentakuki washing machine, washer 洗 濯 物 sentakumono the wash, laundry , , , 79 ઠ 665 b4.4 C _ \ / d6.3 C _ /70 5 ଞ 6 CHŌ sign, indication; trillion kiza(shi) sign, symptoms kiza(su) show signs, sprout, germinate 兆 候 chōkō sign, indication 前 兆 zenchō omen, portent, foreshadowing 吉 兆 kitchō good omen/sign 億 兆 okuchō the multitude, the people CHŌ, to(bu), ha(neru) leap, spring up, jump, bounce 663 跳 躍 chōyaku spring, jump, leap 3 跳 び 上 が る tobiagaru jump up 3 跳 ね 上 が る haneagaru jump up 走り高 跳 び hashiri-takatobi the (running) high jump 435, 飛 び 跳 ね る tobihaneru jump up and down 308

311 ਡ ਢ ਣ ਤ ਥ ਦ 667 3c6.5 d C _ /3 5 6 ଐ 668 5c6. CHŌ, ido(mu) challenge 挑 戦 chōsen challenge 挑 戦 者 chōsensha challenger 挑 発 chōhatsu arouse, excite, provoke 挑 発 的 chōhatsuteki provocative, suggestive 30 30, , 0 CHŌ, naga(meru) look at, watch, gaze at 眺 望 chōbō a view (from a window) 685 TŌ, ni(geru) run away, escape, flee noga(reru) escape ni(gasu), noga(su) let go, set free, let escape 逃 走 tōsō escape, flight 逃 亡 tōbō escape, flight, desertion 逃 げ 出 す nigedasu break into a run, run off/ away 見 逃 す minogasu overlook è C _ / ଖ 669 q6.5 U C _ /9 5 6 迯 670 4a6.0 t C _ /4 5 6 ல 67 7d6. /70 5 ৶踐 67 6f8.9 ú ã /66 5 ᚱ 673 7d6.7 N _ /70 6 TŌ, momo peach 04 桃 色 momoiro pink 47, 337 桃 の 節 句 Momo no Sekku Doll Festival (March 3) 桃 山 時 代 Momoyama jidai Momoyama period (583 60) 34, 4, 56 earth 589, 874, 883 桃 源 郷 / 境 Tōgenkyō Shangri-la, paradise on SEN step, step up; realize, put into practice 03 実 践 jissen practice 03, 0 実 践 的 jissenteki practical 実 践 理 性 批 判 Jissen Risei Hihan (Critique of Practical Reason Kant) 03, 43, 98, 068, 065 SEN paper, label 9 付 箋 fusen tag, label 330 便 箋 binsen stationery, notepaper 処 方 箋 shohōsen (medical) prescription; formula (to mend something) 89, 70 SEKI, ato mark, traces, vestiges, remains, ruins 遺 跡 iseki remains, ruins, relics 史 跡 shiseki historic site/relics 足 跡 ashiato, sokuseki footprint 傷 跡 kizuato a scar 跡 継 ぎ atotsugi successor, heir

312 ਧ ਨ ਪ ਫ 674 7d8.4 y n /70 45 SŌ footprint, traces 踪 跡 sōseki one s tracks/whereabouts 失 踪 shissō disappear, be missing i7.3 É b _ /49 6 ࡆ 676 6a. ó ã O /6 5 ৮纖 677 m6.3 Î O _ m9. Î O _ 8 6 ך 679 4n. ã Î O /5 8 戲 680 m7.3 Î O Æ 8 0 SHA forgive 大 赦 taisha (general) amnesty 恩 赦 onsha an amnesty, general pardon 赦 免 shamen pardon, clemency 特 赦 tokusha an amnesty 容 赦 yōsha pardon, forgiveness, mercy SEN fine, slender 繊 維 sen'i fiber, textiles 繊 維 工 業 sen'i kōgyō textile industry 合 成 繊 維 gōsei sen'i synthetic fiber 化 繊 kasen synthetic fiber 繊 細 sensai delicate, fine, subtle , 39, 79 59, 6, KO, tora tiger 虎 穴 koketsu tiger's den; dangerous situation 虎 視 眈 々と koshitantan to with hostile vigilance, waiting one s chance to pounce 虎 の 子 tora no ko tiger cub; one's treasure 虎 の 巻 tora no maki pony, answer book; (trade) secrets KYO, [KO] empty 虚 無 主 義 kyomu shugi nihilism 虚 栄 心 kyoei(shin) vanity 虚 弱 kyojaku weak, feeble, frail 虚 偽 kyogi false, untrue 虚 空 kokū empty space, the air GI, tawamu(reru) play, sport, jest, flirt 遊 戯 yūgi amusement 戯 曲 gikyoku drama, play 前 戯 zengi (sexual) foreplay 戯 画 giga a caricature 悪 戯 akugi, itazura mischief, prank; lewdness GYAKU, shiita(geru) oppress, tyrannize 虐 待 gyakutai treat cruelly, mistreat 暴 虐 bōgyaku tyrannical, cruel 虐 殺 gyakusatsu massacre, slaughter, butchery 残 虐 zangyaku cruel, brutal, inhuman 自 虐 的 jigyakuteki self-tormenting, masochistic , 55, 9 736, , 0

313 ਬ ਭ ਮ ਯ ਰ ਲ 68 5e6. ë é u / e6. y Ä _ / a6. ù Ä _ / ए 684 4d.5 w v b /44 4 า默 685 3g7.4 i ï E / ห 686 3g8.6 i } / ໗獵 687 3g6.5 i n ~ / SHŪ, oso(u) attack, assail; succeed to, inherit 来 襲 raishū attack, assault, invasion 空 襲 kūshū air raid 夜 襲 yashū night attack 世 襲 seshū hereditary 因 襲 inshū long-established custom, convention SHŌ happiness, good omen 不 祥 事 fushōji scandal 発 祥 hasshō origin 発 祥 地 hasshōchi birthplace, cradle 吉 祥 kisshō good omen 吉 祥 天 Kichijōten, Kisshōten (Buddhist goddess) SHŌ, kuwa(shii) detailed, full; familiar with (something) shōsai details, particulars fushō unknown, unidentified mishō unknown, unidentified shōhō full/detailed report shōjutsu detailed explanation, full account 詳細 不詳 未詳 詳報 詳述 MOKU, dama(ru) become silent, say nothing 沈 黙 chinmoku silence 黙 認 mokunin tacit approval 黙 殺 mokusatsu take no notice of, ignore 黙 秘 権 mokuhiken right against self-incrimination MŌ strong, fierce 猛 烈 mōretsu fierce, violent, strong 猛 打 mōda hard hit, heavy blow 猛 暑 mōsho fierce heat 猛 犬 mōken vicious dog 猛 者 mosa man of courage, stalwart veteran RYŌ hunting 猟 師 ryōshi hunter 猟 人 kariudo, karyūdo, ryōjin hunter 猟 犬 ryōken hunting dog 猟 銃 ryōjū hunting gun, shotgun 渉 猟 shōryō read extensively, search for far and wide SHU, ka(ri) hunting ka(ru) hunt 狩 猟 期 shuryō(ki) hunting (season) 狩り小 屋 karigoya hunting cabin 狩 人 karyūdo hunter 潮 干 狩り shiohigari shell gathering (at low tide) み か ん 狩り mikangari picking satsuma oranges , , , , , 456 7, , 593

314 ਲ਼ ਵ ਸ਼ ਸ 688 3g.3 i ì } / 獸 689 3g9.5 i _ / g0.3 i ë b /7 57 ћ 69 4a6.8 t k /4 9 4 چ 69 3i3. k ì / c9.5 d ^ / JŪ, kemono animal, beast 36 野 獣 yajū wild animal 685 猛 獣 mōjū vicious animal, ferocious beast 573 怪 獣 kaijū monster 85, 498, 39, 83, 00 鳥 獣 保 護 区 域 chōjū hogo kuiki 0 wildlife sanctuary 獣 医 jūi veterinarian YŪ delay; still, still more 397 猶 予 yūyo postponement, deferment 397 猶 予 なく yūyonaku without delay, promptly 執 行 猶 予 shikkō yūyo suspended sentence, probation 699, 68, 397 EN, saru monkey 36 野 猿 yaen wild monkey 6, 類 人 猿 ruijin'en anthropoid ape 4, 8 猿 知 恵 sarujie shallow cleverness 犬 猿 の 仲 ken'en no naka hating each other, like cats and dogs 80, 430 keta beam, girder; digit, place (in numbers) 607 橋 桁 hashigeta bridge girder 桁 は ず れ ketahazure extraordinary 桁 違 い ketachigai off/differing by an order of magnitude 833 一 桁 hitoketa single digit 3 二 桁 futaketa two digits, double-digit KŌ scales, weigh 均 衡 kinkō balance, equilibrium 平 衡 heikō balance, equilibrium 平 衡 感 覚 heikō kankaku sense of equilibrium 度 量 衡 doryōkō weights and measures , 6, , 47 KAN, ka(eru) substitute ka(waru) be replaced 交 換 kōkan exchange, substitution 変 換 henkan change, conversion 換 算 率 kansan(ritsu) conversion, exchange (rate) 互 換 性 gokansei compatibility, interchangeability 乗り換 え norikae transfer, change (of trains) , 80 99, Հ KAN call 03 召 喚 shōkan summons, subpoena 493,, 6 e ^ 証 人 喚 問 (shōnin) kanmon summons (of a 374 witness) 喚 起 kanki evoke, awaken, call forth / 叫 喚 kyōkan shout, outcry, scream 83, 3 阿 鼻 叫 喚 abikyōkan ( of Buddhism's 8 hells) 694 3d9.9 Դ 3

315 ਹ 695 6d0.5 ö e / d0. G e /7 4 0 ӿ 697 3d4.4 e Ä / c5.9 v ] A /4 4 3 খ 699 3b9.7 b v ] / 4 YŪ dissolve, melt 融 合 yūgō fusion 融 通 yūzū accomodation, loan; versatility 金 融 kin'yū money, finance 金 融 機 関 kin'yū kikan financial institution 融 資 yūshi financing, loan , 537, KAKU every other, alternate; distance heda(teru) separate, interpose, estrange heda(taru) be distant, apart; become estranged 43 間 隔 kankaku space, spacing, interval 355 隔 離 kakuri isolation, quarantine 453 遠 隔 enkaku distant, remote, outlying 795, 55 横 隔 膜 ōkakumaku the diaphragm TEI offer, present, exhibit 進 呈 shintei give, present 贈 呈 zōtei present, donate 献 呈 本 kenteibon presentation copy 謹 呈 kintei With the compliments of the author 露 呈 rotei exposure, disclosure ZE right, correct, just 是 非 zehi right and wrong; by all means 是 正 zesei correct, rectify 是 認 zenin approval, sanction 是 々 非 々 zeze-hihi being fair and unbiased TEI, tsutsumi bank, embankment, dike 堤 防 teibō embankment, dike, levee 防 波 堤 bōhatei breakwater , , h0. L /9 ෭ 70 h. L /9 ਝ雙 mata again, also, moreover 又 聞 き matagiki hearsay, secondhand information 又 貸 し matagashi sublease 又 々 matamata once again 又 は matawa or, either or SŌ, futa pair, both 双 方 sōhō both parties/sides 双 生 児 sōseiji twins 双 眼 鏡 sōgankyō binoculars 双 肩 sōken one's shoulders 双 子 futago twins , ,

316 g5.6 K g L /8 5 DO, tsuto(meru) exert oneself, make efforts, strive 努 力 doryoku effort, endeavor 努 力 家 doryokuka hard worker 00 00, k5.9 á g L / k7.0 á É A / k9.3 á u A / DO, oko(ru), ika(ru) become angry 34 怒 気 doki (fit of) anger 056 激 怒 gekido wild rage, wrath, fury 怒 髪 天 を 突く dohatsu ten o tsuku be infuriated 0, 4, 怒 号 dogō angry roar 96 喜 怒 kido joy and anger, emotion YŪ distant; leisure 悠 然 yūzen calm, perfect composure 悠 長 yūchō leisurely, slow, easygoing 悠 々 yūyū calm, composed, leisurely 悠 揚 yūyō composed, calm, serene 悠 久 yūkyū eternity, perpetuity YU joy, pleasure 愉 快 yukai pleasant, merry, cheerful 不 愉 快 fuyukai unpleasant, disagreeable 愉 楽 yuraku pleasure, joy , ๒ 706 7a9.3 ù u A / YU, sato(su) admonish, remonstrate, warn, counsel 教 諭 kyōyu teacher, instructor 説 諭 setsuyu admonition, reproof, caution 諭 旨 yushi official suggestion (to a subordinate) ๖ 707 5i3.3 ñ u á / YU heal, cure ie(ru) be healed, recover iya(su) heal, cure 癒 着 yuchaku heal up, adhere, knit together 治 癒 chiyu healing, cure, recovery 平 癒 heiyu recovery ๕瘉 708 4k9.6 á ê w / SHŪ, ure(i) grief, sorrow, distress, anxiety, cares ure(eru) grieve, be distressed, fear, be apprehensive 874 郷 愁 kyōshū homesickness, nostalgia 旅 愁 ryoshū loneliness on a journey 073 憂 愁 yūshū melancholy, grief, gloom 643, 407 ご 愁 傷 様 goshūshō-sama My heartfelt sympathy. 34

317 k6.9 á / f0.5 ú t / a5.5 ß Î ` /7 8 7 鑛 7 8a6. ß e / a5.4 ß e _ /7 4 6 ѡ 74 3a5.3 Y e _ / 4 6 ѕ 75 8a8.0 ß q / KYŌ, oso(reru) fear, be afraid of oso(roshii) terrible, frightful, awful 6 恐 縮 kyōshuku be very grateful; be sorry 465 恐 慌 kyōkō panic 68, 65 恐 妻 家 kyōsaika henpecked husband 40 空 恐 ろし い soraosoroshii have a vague fear CHIKU, kizu(ku) build, erect 建 築 kenchiku architecture, construction 建 築 家 kenchikuka architect 新 築 shinchiku new construction 改 築 kaichiku rebuilding, reconstruction 築 山 tsukiyama mound, artificial hill KŌ ore 鉱 石 kōseki ore, mineral, crystal 鉱 物 kōbutsu mineral 鉄 鉱 tekkō iron ore 鉱 山 kōzan a mine 鉱 業 kōgyō mining DŌ copper 銅 山 dōzan copper mine 銅 版 画 dōhanga copper print 銅 像 dōzō bronze statue 青 銅 seidō bronze 銅 メダ ル dōmedaru bronze medal 93 93, , EN, namari lead 鉛 筆 enpitsu pencil 黒 鉛 kokuen graphite 鉛 版 enban stereotype, printing plate 鉛 毒 endoku lead poisoning 鉛 色 namariiro lead color/gray EN, so(u) stand along (a street), run parallel (to) 沿 岸 engan coast, shore 沿 海 enkai coastal waters, coast 沿 線 ensen along the (train) line 沿 革 enkaku history, development 川 沿 い kawazoi along the river KŌ, hagane steel 鋼 鉄 kōtetsu steel 特 殊 鋼 tokushukō special steel 鋼 板 kōhan, kōban steel plate 製 鋼 所 seikōjo steel plant 製 鋼 業 seikōgyō steel industry , , , 79

318 a8.3 ó q / ܨ 77 f8.7 I q / f7.4 I u } / f8.4 Y _ 39 6 ౮ 70 6a8.5 ó / อ 7 3b4.6 b N / 0 7 i. M /0 ज KŌ, tsuna rope, cord 綱 領 kōryō plan, program, platform 綱 紀 kōki official discipline, public order 手 綱 tazuna bridle, reins 綱 渡り tsunawatari tightrope walking 横 綱 yokozuna sumo grand champion GŌ strong, hard, rigid 外 柔 内 剛 gaijū-naigō gentle-looking but sturdy 剛 健 gōken strong and sturdy, virile 剛 勇 gōyū valor, bravery 金 剛 石 kongōseki diamond , 788, , 78 SAKU, kezu(ru) whittle down, sharpen (a pencil); delete; curtail 削 除 sakujo deletion, elimination 78 削 減 sakugen reduction, cutback 53 添 削 tensaku correction (of a composition) 73, 30 鉛 筆 削り enpitsu-kezuri pencil sharpener HAKU come/peel off; deprive off ha(geru) come/peel off; fade, discolor ha(gareru) come/peel off ha(gu) tear/peel/strip off; deprive of ha(gasu) tear/peel/strip off 389 剥 奪 hakudatsu deprive/divest of 434 剥 製 hakusei stuffing, stuffed/mounted specimen MŌ, ami net 漁 網 gyomō fishing net 交 通 網 kōtsūmō traffic network 支 店 網 shitenmō network of branch offices 金 網 kanaami wire mesh/netting, chain-link (fence) 網 袋 amibukuro net (shopping) bag KŌ pit, hole 炭 坑 tankō coalpit, coal mine 坑 夫 kōfu coal miner 坑 道 kōdō (mine) shaft, level, gallery 坑 内 事 故 kōnai jiko mine accident 廃 坑 haikō abandoned mine JŌ redundant, superfluous 冗 談 jōdan a joke 冗 語 jōgo redundancy 冗 員 jōin superfluous member/personnel 冗 長 jōchō redundant, verbose 冗 漫 jōman wordy, verbose, rambling , 50 38, , 80,

319 73 79 Г 73 i7. M ~ / Ԯ 74 0a ΰ亞 75 4e6.4 y s ~ / Ϣ 76 4k.3 á y s / ϥ 77 a.8 A /3 4 य़ 78 3r. s P KAN, kanmuri crown 王 冠 ōkan (royal) crown; bottle cap 金 冠 kinkan gold crown 栄 冠 eikan crown (of victory), laurels 弱 冠 jakkan 0 years of age; youth 草 冠 kusa-kanmuri the radical 艹 A rank next, come after, sub-; (short for) Asia 亜 熱 帯 anettai subtropical zones, subtropics 亜 鉛 aen zinc 亜 麻 ama flax 亜 流 aryū follower, epigone 東 亜 Tōa East Asia I officer 尉 官 ikan 大 尉 taii 中 尉 chūi 少 尉 shōi 准 尉 jun'i officer below the rank of major captain lieutenant second lieutenant warrant officer , I, nagusa(meru) comfort, console, cheer up, amuse, divert nagusa(mu) be diverted, banter, make a plaything of 6 慰 問 imon consolation, sympathy 05 慰 安 ian comfort, recreation, amusement 5, 67 慰 霊 祭 ireisai a memorial service 93, 39 慰 謝 料 isharyō consolation money, solatium JIN, [NI] virtue, benevolence, humanity, charity 仁 義 jingi humanity and justice 仁 愛 jin'ai benevolence, charity, philanthropy 仁 術 jinjutsu benevolent act; the healing art 仁 徳 jintoku benevolence, goodness 仁 王 門 Niō(mon) Deva (gate) NI, ama nun 尼 僧 nisō nun 尼 寺 amadera convent , /40 3 గ 79 3a5.9 Y s P / 40 ୪ 3 DEI, doro mud 泥 炭 deitan peat 雲 泥 の 差 undei no sa enormous difference 泥 沼 doronuma bog, quagmire 泥 棒 dorobō thief, robber, burglar, burglary ,

320 ಸ ਖ਼ ਗ਼ ਜ਼ ಹ ੜ 730 0a4.7 ^ P 5 nio(u) be fragrant 匂 わ す niowasu give out a scent; hint, suggest 匂 い 袋 nioibukuro sachet, scent bag 4 KATSU, kawa(ku) be thirsty 飢 渇 kikatsu hunger and thirst 渇 望 katsubō craving, longing, thirst 枯 渇 kokatsu run dry, become depleted 渇 水 kassui water shortage 渇 き を 覚 える kawaki o oboeru feel thirsty చ 73 3a8.3 Y v ^ / 4 5 Ԓ 73 5e8.7 ë v ^ / ԕ 733 3c8.3 d v ^ /3 4 5 ٨ 734 0a4.8 ^ ` 5 7 KATSU brown 褐 色 kasshoku brown 茶 褐 色 chakasshoku brown, chestnut brown 赤 褐 色 sekkasshoku reddish brown 黒 褐 色 kokkasshoku dark/blackish brown 04 5, 04 07, 04 06, 04 KEI, kaka(geru) put up (a sign), hoist (a flag); publish, print 64 掲 揚 keiyō hoist, raise, fly (a flag) 65 掲 示 keiji notice, bulletin 65, 090 掲 示 板 keijiban bulletin board 76 掲 載 keisai publish, print, carry, mention 47 前 掲 zenkei shown above, aforementioned KŌ be bent, slope; capture 勾 配 kōbai slope, incline, gradient 勾 留 kōryū detention, custody 勾 留 状 kōryūjō warrant of detention pending trial , 636 ۺ 735 3a3.8 Y ö è / ત 736 3a.9 Y w / 44 DAKU, nigo(ru) become muddy, turbid; be voiced; be vague nigo(su) make turbid 混 濁 kondaku turbidity, muddiness 清 濁 seidaku purity and impurity, good and evil 濁 流 dakuryū muddy river, turbid waters 濁 音 dakuon voiced sound; cardiac dullness kata beach, lagoon, inlet 干 潟 higata dry beach, beach at ebb tide 新 潟 県 Niigata-ken Niigata Prefecture 39 Ԍ , 94

321 ਫ਼ 737 0a5.7 ] a.6 t ] / a6.9 ù / q6.5 Ã P / k3.5 m w Î / q.8 Ã á É / ٥ 743 4b5.4 u e m / KŌ, taku(mi) skill, dexterity, ingenuity 技 巧 gikō art, craftsmanship, technical skill 巧 妙 kōmyō skilled, clever, ingenious 巧 者 kōsha skilled, adroit, clever 精 巧 seikō elaborate, exquisite, sophisticated 老 巧 rōkō experienced, seasoned, veteran KYŪ, ku(chiru) rot, decay 94 masterpiece 不 朽 fukyū immortal, undying 94, 8, 36 不 朽 の 名 作 fukyū no meisaku immortal 3 腐 朽 fukyū deteriorate, rot away, molder 55 老 朽 rōkyū senescence, advanced age 53 朽 ち 葉 kuchiba decayed/dead leaves KO, hoko(ru) boast of, be proud of 58 誇 張 kochō exaggeration, overstatement 6 誇 大 kodai exaggeration, overstatement 誇 大 妄 想 狂 kodai mōsō(kyō) delusions of 6, 463, 47, 904 誇 示 koji display, flaunt grandeur, megalomania 勝 ち 誇 る kachihokoru exult in one's triumph REI, uruwa(shii) beautiful, pretty 405 美 麗 birei beautiful, pretty 華 麗 karei glory, splendor, magnificence 麗 人 reijin beautiful woman 507 flourishes 端 麗 tanrei grace, elegance, beauty 405, 70, 337 美 辞 麗 句 biji-reiku speech full of rhetorical SEN, susu(meru) recommend 推 薦 suisen recommendation 推 薦 状 suisenjō letter of recommendation 他 薦 tasen recommendation (by another) 自 薦 jisen self-recommendation 97 97, KEI rejoice, be happy over; congratulate 769 慶 賀 keiga congratulation 870 慶 祝 keishuku congratulation; celebration 80 慶 事 keiji happy event, matter for congratulation China 846 慶 応 Keiō (Japanese era, ) 40, 47 国 慶 節 Kokkeisetsu Anniversary of Founding of P.R. HA supremacy, domination, hegemony 覇 権 haken hegemony 制 覇 seiha conquest, domination; championship 連 覇 renpa successive championships 覇 気 haki ambition, aspirations 那 覇 Naha (capital of Okinawa Prefecture)

322 ੦ ੧ ఐ ཡ ੨ 744 4c4.6 v É e / r. s v É / ຯ 746 7a3. ù /67 ઢ 747 7a8. ù ª /67 73 FUKU cover; overturn; repeat ō(u) cover, conceal kutsugae(ru) be overturned kutsugae(su) overturn, overthrow 74 覆 面 fukumen mask 439 転 覆 tenpuku overturn, topple 覆 水 盆 に 返 ら ず fukusui bon ni kaerazu What's done is done., 50, 448 RI footwear; take steps, do ha(ku) put on, wear (shoes/socks) 489, 3 履 歴 書 rirekisho curriculum vitae 68 履 行 rikō perform, fulfill, implement 49 草 履 zōri (toe-strap) sandals 79 履 き 物 hakimono footwear 7 履 き 古 し hakifurushi worn-out shoes/socks TAKU entrust (to) 委 託 itaku trust, charge, commission 信 託 shintaku trust 託 児 所 takujisho day nursery 託 宣 takusen oracle, revelation from God 結 託 kettaku conspiracy, collusion , dare who 誰 か dare ka someone, somebody 誰 も 誰 で も dare mo, dare demo everybody, everyone 誰 も な い dare mo... nai nobody, no one સ 748 4a8. t ª /4 73 ମ 749 3b8. b ª / 73 TSUI vertebra, backbone 脊 椎 sekitsui vertebra; spinal column, spine 脊 椎 動 物 sekitsui dōbutsu vertebrates 腰 椎 yōtsui lumbar vertebra 頸 椎 keitsui the cervical vertebrae 椎 茸 shiitake shiitake mushroom TAI pile, heap 堆 積 taiseki accumulation, pile, heap 堆 積 岩 taisekigan sedimentary/stratified rock 堆 積 物 taisekibutsu sediment, deposits , 3, , , r9. s ö / ਜ਼屬 ZOKU belong (to) 所 属 shozoku belong, be assigned (to) 付 属 fuzoku attached, affiliated, incidental 金 属 kinzoku metal 専 属 senzoku belong exclusively (to) 従 属 jūzoku subordination, dependence

323 ੩ ੪ ੫ ੬ ੭ ੮ ੯ 75 3d. e ö s / SHOKU request, entrust, commission 嘱 託 shokutaku part-time worker 委 嘱 ishoku commission, charge, request 嘱 望 shokubō expect much of य囑 75 a9. A v ` /3 4 7 ع 753 d9. G v ` /7 4 7 ؼ 754 q9. U v ` /9 4 7 ػ 755 4k9.5 á v ` /5 4 7 ص 756 q. U v m / a.7 t v m /4 4 GŪ chance, accidental; (married) couple; even number; doll 66 偶 然 gūzen chance, accident 96 偶 発 gūhatsu chance occurrence 753 偶 像 gūzō image, statue, idol 54, 64 配 偶 者 haigūsha spouse 5 偶 数 gūsū even number GŪ, sumi corner, nook 一 隅 ichigū corner, nook 片 隅 katasumi corner, nook 四 隅 yosumi the 4 corners 隅 々 sumizumi every nook and cranny, all over 隅 田 川 Sumida-gawa Sumida River GŪ treat, deal with, entertain; receive, meet 待 遇 taigū treatment; service; pay 優 遇 yūgū cordial reception, hospitality 冷 遇 reigū cold reception, inhospitality 境 遇 kyōgū one's circumstances 奇 遇 kigū chance meeting GU, oro(ka) foolish, stupid 愚 劣 guretsu stupidity, foolishness, nonsense 愚 鈍 gudon stupid, dim-witted 愚 問 gumon stupid question 愚 連 隊 gurentai gang of hoodlums SŌ, a(u) meet, see, come across, encounter 遭 難 sōnan disaster, accident, mishap 遭 難 者 sōnansha victim 遭 難 信 号 sōnan shingō distress signal, SOS 遭 遇 sōgū encounter 災 難 に 遭う sainan ni au meet with disaster SŌ tub, tank, vat 水 槽 suisō water tank, cistern 浴 槽 yokusō bathtub 3 ਲ , , , , 57, ,

324 ੲ ੳ ੴ 758 4c8.6 v / d8.9 e v / a9.9 ù } q / ຍ謠 76 3c9.8 d } q / 搖 76 k4.6 q ^ 36 5 Փ罐 763 d8. G q ^ / a5. t q l / SHŌ clear; crystal 結 晶 kesshō crystal, crystallization 愛 の 結 晶 ai no kesshō fruit of love, child 晶 化 shōka crystallization 水 晶 suishō (rock) crystal, quartz 紫 水 晶 murasaki suishō amethyst , , SHŌ chant, sing; advocate tona(eru) cry; advocate, espouse 59, 500 合 唱 団 gasshō(dan) chorus 9 独 唱 dokushō vocal solo 395 唱 歌 shōka singing 55, 48 主 / 首 唱 shushō advocacy, promotion 638 提 唱 teishō advocate YŌ song utai Noh chanting uta(u) sing 民 謡 min'yō folk song 童 謡 dōyō children's song 歌 謡 kayō song 歌 謡 曲 kayōkyoku popular song 謡 曲 yōkyoku Noh song , YŌ, yu(reru), yu(ragu), yu(rugu) shake, sway, vibrate, roll, pitch, joggle yu(ru/suru/suburu/saburu) shake, rock, joggle 3 動 揺 dōyō shaking; unrest, tumult 374 揺 す り起 こす yu(su)riokosu awaken by shaking 448 揺り返 し yurikaeshi aftershock KAN can 缶 詰 kanzume canned goods 製 缶 工 場 seikan kōjō cannery, canning factory 缶 切り kankiri can opener 空 き 缶 akikan empty can , 39, TŌ porcelain, pottery 陶 器 tōki china, ceramics, pottery 陶 磁 器 tōjiki ceramics, china and porcelain 陶 芸 tōgei ceramic art 陶 工 tōkō potter , UTSU melancholy, gloom 鬱 陶 し い uttōshii glooming, depressing 憂 鬱 yūutsu melancholy, dejection, gloom 気 鬱 kiutsu gloom, melancholy, depression ᐟ 3

325 c7. d v O /3 4 ਫ插 766 3c9.4 d ü / տ 767 7c8.8 ü } _ / a3.3 ó t e /6 4 4 SŌ, sa(su) insert 挿 入 sōnyū insertion 挿 話 sōwa episode, little story 挿 し 木 sashiki a cutting 挿 し 絵 sashie an illustration KI command; brandish, wield; scatter 指 揮 shiki command, direct, conduct 指 揮 者 shikisha (orchestra) conductor 指 揮 官 shikikan commander 発 揮 hakki exhibit, display, manifest 揮 発 kihatsu volatilization KI, kagaya(ku) shine, gleam, sparkle, be brilliant 光 輝 kōki brilliance, brightness; glory 輝 度 kido (degree of) brightness, luminance 光り輝く hikarikagayaku shine, beam, glisten 輝 か し い kagayakashii bright, brilliant , 64 08, ku(ru) reel, wind, spin (thread); turn (pages); consult (a reference book), look up; count 448 繰り返 す kurikaesu repeat 66 繰り言 kurigoto same old story, complaint 67 繰り延 べ kurinobe postponement, deferment 3 繰り上 げ る kuriageru advance, move up (a date) SŌ, ayatsu(ru) manipulate, operate misao chastity, constancy, fidelity, honor 580 d t e 操 縦 sōjū control, operate, manipulate 453, 696, 36 操 作 (enkaku) sōsa (remote) control /3 4 4 遠 隔 6 体 操 taisō gymnastics, exercises 47 節 操 sessō fidelity, integrity; chastity 769 3c3.3 ਭ 770 4d3.6 w t e / k6.8 m t Y /3 4 SŌ dry 乾 燥 kansō dry (up/out) 乾 燥 機 kansōki (clothes) dryer 無 味 乾 燥 mumi-kansō dry, uninteresting 焦 燥 shōsō impatience, nervous restlessness SŌ, mo water plant 藻 類 sōrui water plants 海 藻 kaisō saltwater plant, seaweed 藻 草 mogusa water plant , , 307,

326 c8. v b _ /4 6 曉 773 k6.5 \ b / d.8 e û b / k.6 á û b / b. b û b / h0. ï ^ / Ս 778 8a5. ß ï / GYŌ, akatsuki dawn, daybreak 暁 天 gyōten dawn, daybreak 暁 星 gyōsei morning stars; Venus 今 暁 kongyō early this morning 通 暁 tsūgyō thorough knowledge, mastery 暁 に は akatsuki niwa in the event, in case (of) HON run 奔 走 honsō running about, efforts 奔 放 honpō wild, extravagant, uninhibited 狂 奔 kyōhon rush madly about 奔 馬 honba galloping/runaway horse 出 奔 shuppon abscond; elope FUN, fu(ku) emit, spout, spew forth 噴 火 funka (volcanic) eruption 噴 火 山 funkazan erupting/active volcano 噴 出 funshutsu eruption, gushing, spouting 噴 水 funsui jet of water; fountain 噴 霧 器 funmuki sprayer, vaporizer, atomizer 0 0, , 536 FUN, ikidō(ru) resent, be enraged, be indignant 憤 慨 fungai indignation, resentment 公 憤 kōfun public/righteous indignation 義 憤 gifun righteous indignation 憤 然と funzen to indignantly 発 憤 happun be stimulated, roused FUN burial mound, tomb 58 墳 墓 funbo grave, tomb 7 古 墳 kofun ancient burial mound, old tomb 前 方 後 円 墳 zenpō-kōen fun ancient burial mound (square at the head and rounded at the foot) 47, 70, 48, 3 KAN keep watch over 監 視 kanshi monitoring, supervision, surveillance 監 査 kansa inspection; auditing 総 監 sōkan inspector/superintendent general 監 禁 kankin imprison, confine 監 獄 kangoku prison KAN model, pattern, example; mirror kanga(miru) take into consideration 356 鑑 定 kantei appraisal, expert opinion 509 鑑 賞 kanshō admiration, enjoyment 67 鑑 別 kanbetsu discrimination, differentiation 45 年 鑑 nenkan yearbook, almanac 086 印 鑑 inkan one's seal, seal impression 34

327 અ આ ઇ ઈ ઉ ઊ 779 6c5. ô ï / Ֆ 780 6c6. ô Ä U / ୡ 78 6c5.5 ô N ` /63 KAN warship 軍 艦 gunkan warship 戦 艦 senkan battleship 航 空 母 艦 kōkū bokan aircraft carrier 潜 水 艦 sensuikan submarine 艦 隊 kantai fleet, squadron , 40, 967, 809 TEI small boat 艦 艇 kantei naval vessels 舟 艇 shūtei boat, craft 巡 視 艇 junshitei patrol boat 艇 庫 teiko boathouse 艇 身 teishin a boat length , GEN ship's side, gunwale 左 舷 sagen port (not starboard) 右 舷 ugen starboard SHUKU younger sibling of a parent 叔 母 oba, shukubo aunt 叔 父 oji, shukufu uncle 3 7 ھ 78 h6. L } P / a8.5 Y } L / 35 9 SHUKU graceful, virtuous, pure 淑 女 shukujo lady, gentlewoman 淑 徳 shukutoku feminine virtues 私 淑 shishuku look up to as one' s model JAKU lonely, quiet; nirvana [SEKI], sabi(shii) lonely sabi(reru) decline in prosperity sabi elegant simplicity 静 寂 seijaku stillness, silence 閑 寂 kanjaku quietness, tranquility 寂 然 sekizen, jakunen lonesome, desolate m8. n } L / c8.9 è } L /55 35 ௧ 9 TOKU supervise, superintend, lead, command 777 監 督 kantoku supervision, direction; (movie) director 43 督 励 tokurei encourage, urge 659 督 促 tokusoku urge, press, dun 65, 46, 総 督 sōtoku governor-general 家 督 相 続 katoku sōzoku succession to a house, heirship 35

328 ઋ ઌ ઍ એ ઐ ઑ 786 j.3 N i e / j5. N e E / 4 6 ע 788 d7.4 G e N /7 4 ӽ 789 3b0.7 b e N / 4 GŌ strength, power; splendor, magnificence; (short for) Australia 豪 華 gōka splendor, gorgeousness, pomp 409 豪 壮 gōsō magnificent, grand 76 富 豪 fugō man of great wealth, multimillionaire 豪 族 gōzoku powerful/influential family 30 豪 雨 gōu heavy rainfall, torrential downpour KYŌ enjoy; receive 359 享 楽 kyōraku enjoyment 享 楽 主 義 kyōraku shugi epicureanism, hedonism 359, 55, 9 60 享 受 kyōju enjoy, have, be given 65 享 有 kyōyū enjoyment, possession 享 年 7 5 歳 kyōnen nanajūgo-sai dead at the age of 75 45, 487 KAKU enclosure, quarters 輪 郭 rinkaku contours, outline 外 郭 gaikaku outer wall (of a castle); perimeter 外 郭 団 体 gaikaku dantai auxiliary organization 城 郭 jōkaku castle, fortress; castle walls 郭 公 kakkō (Japanese) cuckoo JUKU private school 私 塾 shijuku private class at a teacher's home 学 習 塾 gakushūjuku (private) cram school 塾 生 jukusei student of a juku 83 83, 500, , ࢣ 790 j7.4 N ë e / 57 4 δ 79 j8. N ë e / 57 4 ॻ 79 0a9.9 ë e O 57 4 AI sorrow awa(re) sorrowful, piteous awa(remu) pity, feel compassion 708 哀 愁 aishū sadness, sorrow, grief 075 悲 哀 hiai sorrow, grief, misery 590 emotions 哀 願 aigan plead, implore, beg 96, 703, 359 喜 怒 哀 楽 kido-airaku joy and pathos, SUI, otoro(eru) grow weak, decline, wane 老 衰 rōsui feebleness of old age, senility 衰 弱 suijaku weakening, debility 衰 微 suibi decline, wane 衰 亡 suibō decline and fall, ruin, downfall 盛 衰 seisui rise and fall, vicissitudes CHŪ heart, mind, inside 97 衷 心 chūshin one s inmost heart/feelings 09 衷 情 chūjō one's inmost feelings 554 苦 衷 kuchū anguish, predicament styles 483 折 衷 setchū compromise, cross, blending 和 洋 折 衷 wa-yō setchū blending of Japanese and Western 36

329 ઓ ઔ ક ખ ગ ઘ 793 3b9.0 ë e ਠ 794 m6. P v O /3 4 ઙ 795 4k8.3 á v P /5 4 3 ம 796 P û / d4.5 ê v / d.4 ê K a7.4 ù ê K / TAKU table, desk; excel 食 卓 shokutaku dining table 卓 球 takkyū table tennis, ping-pong 電 卓 dentaku (desk-top) calculator 卓 上 takujō table-top, desk-top 卓 越 takuetsu be superior, excel, surpass TŌ, ita(mu) grieve over, mourn, lament 追 悼 tsuitō mourning 追 悼 会 tsuitōkai memorial services 追 悼 式 tsuitōshiki memorial services 哀 悼 aitō condolence, mourning, grief 悼 辞 tōji message of condolence, funeral address , 58 3, TEI chastity, constancy, righteousness teishuku chastity, feminine modesty teisetsu fidelity, chastity teisō chastity, female honor, virginity teiketsu chaste and pure futei unchastity, infidelity 貞淑 貞節 貞操 貞潔 不貞 m7. /56 SŌ, mo mourning 喪 失 sōshitsu loss 喪 服 mofuku mourning clothes 喪 章 moshō mourning badge/band 喪 主 moshu chief mourner 喪 中 mochū period of mourning KŌ, [KYŌ], kao(ri), ka fragrance, aroma kao(ru) smell good/ sweet 34 香 気 kōki fragrance, aroma, sweet smell 39 香 料 kōryō spices; perfume 99 線 香 senkō stick of incense 04 色 香 iroka color and scent; (feminine) beauty SHŪ, hii(deru) excel, surpass 優 秀 yūshū excellent, superior 秀 逸 shūitsu superb, masterly 秀 麗 shūrei graceful, beautiful, handsome 秀 才 shūsai talented man, bright boy/girl 閨 秀 作 家 keishū sakka woman writer YŪ, saso(u) invite, induce, lure, entice 誘 惑 yūwaku temptation, seduction 勧 誘 kan'yū invitation, canvassing, solicitation 誘 因 yūin enticement, inducement 誘 発 yūhatsu induce, give rise to 誘 い 水 sasoimizu pump priming; (economic) stimulus ,

330 ઙ ચ છ જ ઝ ઞ ཝ 800 q7.0 U ê K / c0.4 d ª K / ٩攜 80 7a0.0 ù _ / ګ 803 3e0.7 g _ / ښ 804 3q0. Ã _ / e4. õ á /65 5 耻 806 o9.4 Ä _ O 46 6 TŌ transparent su(ku) be transparent; leave a gap su(keru) be transparent su(kasu) look through; leave a space 8 透 明 tōmei transparent 66 透 視 tōshi seeing through; fluoroscopy; clairvoyance 6 浸 透 shintō permeation, osmosis, infiltration 50 透 き 通 る sukitōru be transparent KEI, tazusa(eru) carry (in one's hand); have with one tazusa(waru) participate (in) 携 帯 keitai carrying, bringing with; portable 必 携 hikkei handbook, manual; indispensable 提 携 teikei cooperation, tie-up 連 携 renkei cooperation, league, concert KEN modesty, humility 678 謙 虚 kenkyo modest, humble 05 謙 譲 kenjō modest, humble 謙 譲 の 美 徳 kenjō no bitoku the virtue of modesty 05, 405, 恭 謙 kyōken modesty, humility, deference KEN, [GEN], kira(u) dislike, hate iya disagreeable 嫌 悪 ken'o hatred, dislike, loathing 嫌 疑 kengi suspicion 機 嫌 kigen mood, humor 大 嫌 い daikirai hate, strong aversion 毛 嫌 い kegirai antipathy, prejudice REN pure; honest; low price 清 廉 seiren integrity, uprightness 清 廉 潔 白 seiren-keppaku spotless integrity 廉 売 renbai bargain sale 廉 価 renka low price , 307, CHI, haji shame, disgrace ha(jiru) feel shame ha(jirau) be shy ha(zukashii) shy, ashamed 93 無 恥 muchi shameless, brazen 676, 804 破 廉 恥 harenchi shameless, disgraceful 4 恥 知 ら ず hajishirazu shameless person SHŪ feel ashamed 羞 恥 心 shūchishin sense of shame 含 羞 ganshū shyness, coyness, diffidence ᝯ , 97 37

331 ટ ઠ ડ ઢ ણ ત થ 807 4i8.5 É õ ] / Ձ 808 3c0.6 d õ C / 攝 809 3a8.9 Y P N / 3 澁 80 5f7. ì b C /58 5 壘 8 0a.8 R ò o 6 39 ࢢ肅 8 3q8. Ã u / KAN daring, bold 勇 敢 yūkan brave, daring, courageous 果 敢 kakan resolute, determined, bold, daring 敢 然 kanzen bold, fearless 敢 闘 kantō fight courageously 敢 行 kankō take decisive action, dare; carry out SETSU act in place of; take 摂 取 sesshu take in, ingest 摂 生 sessei taking care of one's health 摂 政 sesshō regency; regent 摂 理 setsuri providence 摂 氏 0 度 sesshi nijūdo 0 degrees Celsius , 378 JŪ, shibu(i) astringent; puckery; glum; quiet and tasteful shibu astringent juice (of unripe persimmons) shibu(ru) hesitate, be reluctant 995 渋 滞 jūtai impeded flow, congestion, traffic jam, delay 74 渋 面 jūmen, shibutsura sour face, scowl 307 渋 味 shibumi puckery taste; severe elegance RUI parapet, rampart; base (in baseball) 堅 塁 kenrui fortress, stronghold 敵 塁 tekirui enemy's fortress/position 塁 審 ruishin base umpire 本 塁 打 honruida home run 満 塁 manrui bases loaded SHUKU quietly, softly, solemnly 静 粛 seishuku stillness, quiet, hush 厳 粛 genshuku solemnity, austerity, gravity 自 粛 jishuku self-discipline, self-control 粛 清 shukusei (political) purge 粛 党 shukutō purge disloyal elements from a party YŌ mediocre, ordinary 中 庸 chūyō middle path, golden mean 凡 庸 bon'yō mediocre, run-of-the-mill 登 庸 tōyō appointment, promotion , q7.3 Ã e / TŌ Tang (Chinese dynasty); foreign Kara China, Cathay; foreign 90 唐 突 tōtotsu abrupt 87, 毛 唐 人 ketō(jin) hairy barbarian, foreigner 3, 33 遣 唐 使 kentōshi Japanese envoy to Tang China 407 唐 様 karayō Chinese style 39

332 84 80 દ ધ ન પ ફ બ 84 6b0.3 ò e / b6. ò b Î /6 8 ऄ 86 6b5. ò é /6 54 ໆ 87 6b4.6 ò _ K / a4.8 ó _ K / a3.4 ó /6 糺 80 6b. ò v b /6 4 粮 TŌ sugar 砂 糖 satō sugar 製 糖 seitō sugar manufacturing 糖 分 tōbun sugar content 果 糖 katō fruit sugar, fructos 血 糖 kettō blood sugar SHŌ adorn (one's person) 化 粧 keshō makeup 化 粧 品 keshōhin cosmetics 化 粧 室 keshōshitsu dressing room; lavatory 厚 化 粧 atsugeshō heavy makeup 薄 化 粧 usugeshō light makeup RYŪ, tsubu a grain; drop(let) 粒 状 ryūjō granular, granulated 粒 子 ryūshi (atomic) particle 素 粒 子 soryūshi elementary/subatomic particle 米 粒 kometsubu grain of rice 雨 粒 amatsubu raindrop FUN, kona, ko flour; powder 粉 末 funmatsu powder 製 粉 所 seifunjo flour mill 粉 飾 funshoku makeup; embellishment 粉 ミル ク konamiruku powdered milk メリケン 粉 merikenko wheat flour , 30 54, , 54 54, , , FUN confused, tangled magi(reru) be mistaken (for), be hardly distinguishable; get mixed; be diverted magi(rasu/rawasu) divert, distract; conceal; evade magi(rawashii) ambiguous, liable to be confused 30 紛 争 funsō dispute, strife 3 紛 失 funshitsu loss, be missing KYŪ twist (rope); ask, inquire into 糾 弾 kyūdan impeach, censure 糾 明 kyūmei study, inquiry, investigation 糾 問 kyūmon close examination, grilling 紛 糾 funkyū complication, entanglement 糾 合 kyūgō rally, muster RYŌ, [RŌ], kate food, provisions 食 糧 shokuryō food, foodstuffs 糧 食 ryōshoku provisions, food supplies 兵 糧 hyōrō (military) provisions 日 々 の 糧 hibi no kate one's daily bread 心 の 糧 kokoro no kate food for thought

333 8 87 ભ મ ય ર લ 8 3b.4 b v w / m3. P e / b5. û e P / BOKU India ink; (short for) Mexico sumi India ink 水 墨 画 suibokuga India-ink painting 白 墨 hakuboku chalk 墨 守 bokushu adherence (to tradition) 墨 絵 sumie India-ink drawing 入 れ 墨 irezumi tattooing; a tattoo, SEN, shi(meru) occupy, hold urana(u) tell fortunes 占 有 sen'yū occupancy, possession 占 領 senryō occupation, capture 独 占 dokusen monopoly 買 い 占 め kaishime cornering (the market) 星 占 い hoshiuranai astrology; horoscope CHŌ, ha(ru) stick on, paste, affix 貼 付 貼り付 け る chōfu, haritsukeru stick, paste, affix 貼り紙 harigami sticker, poster 9, b5.4 ò e P /6 4 3 వ黏 85 6b4.5 ò O /6 ॹ粹 86 7e4.3 O /7 ॽ醉 87 5a4.6 ç O /53 ސ 碎 NEN, neba(ru) be sticky; stick to it, persevere 粘 着 力 nenchaku(ryoku) adhesion, viscosity 粘 土 nendo clay 粘 液 nen'eki mucus 粘 膜 nenmaku mucous membrane 粘り強 い nebarizuyoi tenacious, persistent 668, SUI purity, essence, elite, choice; elegant, fashionable, chic; considerateness iki chic, stylish 純 粋 junsui pure, genuine 粋 人 suijin man of refined tastes, man about town 粋 狂 suikyō whimsical, capricious 精 粋 seisui pure, selfless SUI, yo(u) get drunk; be intoxicated; feel (sea)sick 麻 酔 masui anesthesia; narcosis 泥 酔 deisui get dead drunk 心 酔 shinsui be fascinated (with), ardently admire 酔 っ 払 い yopparai a drunk 船 酔 い funayoi seasickness SAI, kuda(ku) break, smash, pulverize kuda(keru) break, be crushed; become familiar 87 粉 砕 funsai pulverize, shatter, crush 78 efforts 砕 石 saiseki rubble, broken stone 粉 骨 砕 身 funkotsu-saishin make one's utmost 87, 340, 玉 砕 gyokusai death for honor 33

334 ળ વ શ ષ સ હ 88 7e7. b e /7 4 ݐ 89 3c5.3 d Î L / c4.0 d O L /3 9 ಓ拔 83 3c9.7 d s b /3 40 ν 83 3c3.5 d ª N /3 73 KOKU severe, harsh, cruel 残 酷 zankoku cruel 冷 酷 reikoku heartless, cruel 酷 評 kokuhyō sharp/harsh criticism 酷 使 kokushi work (someone) hard 酷 暑 kokusho intense heat, swelter HI open 98 披 露 hirō announcement 結 婚 披 露 宴 kekkon hirōen wedding reception 494, 576, 98, 披 歴 hireki express (one's opinion) 63 披 見 hiken open and read (a letter) BATSU, nu(ku) pull out; remove; leave out; outdistance, surpass nu(keru) come/fall out; be omitted; be gone; escape nu(karu) make a blunder nu(kasu) omit, skip over 808 抜 群 batsugun preeminent, outstanding 84 選 抜 senbatsu selection, picking out 340 骨 抜 き honenuki deboned; emasculated, toothless AKU, nigi(ru) grasp, grip, take hold of 握 手 akushu shake hands 掌 握 shōaku hold, seize, grasp 一 握り hitonigiri handful 握り飯 nigirimeshi rice ball 握り締 め る nigirishimeru grasp tightly, clench YŌ embrace 抱 擁 hōyō embrace 擁 護 yōgo protect, defend 擁 立 yōritsu support, back m8.9 n b _ /33 6 CHITSU plug up, obstruct; nitrogen 窒 息 chissoku suffocation, asphyxiation 窒 息 死 chissokushi death from suffocation 窒 素 chisso nitrogen , 85 7 ૫ 834 3m6.5 n _ O /33 6 竊 SETSU steal 窃 盗 settō theft, thief 窃 盗 罪 settōzai theft, larceny 窃 盗 犯 settōhan thief 窃 取 sesshu steal 剽 窃 hyōsetsu plagiarism , 906 5,

335 ཛ ઽ 835 3c8. d n / ܒ 836 7b3.3 û /68 38 KŌ, hika(eru) hold back, refrain from; note down; wait 控 除 kōjo deduct, subtract 控 訴 kōso (intermediate) appeal (to a higher court) 手 控 え tebikae note, memo; holding off/ back 控 え 室 hikaeshitsu anteroom, lobby 控 え 目 hikaeme moderate, reserved KŌ, [KU] pay tribute mitsu(gu) support (financially) 貢 献 kōken contribution, services 年 貢 nengu annual tribute 貢 ぎ 物 mitsugi(mono) tribute a9.0 A û /3 68 DON, musabo(ru) covet, be vocarious; indulge in don'yoku avaricious, rapacious, covetous donran covetousness, greed 貪欲 貪婪 c6. d b /3 GŌ beat, torture 拷 問 gōmon torture 拷 問 具 gōmongu instrument of torture 6 6, c4.4 d /3 34 ഛ 840 3c0. d ô / ಡ 84 4b4.5 u /43 40 FU help 406 (someone) 扶 養 fuyō support (a family) 406, 9, 35 扶 養 義 務 fuyō gimu duty of supporting 406, 39 扶 養 料 fuyōryō sustenance allowance, alimony 633 扶 助 fujo aid, support, relief 458 扶 持 fuchi rice ration allotted to a samurai HAN carry, transport 運 搬 unpan transport, conveyance, delivery 搬 送 hansō convey, carry 搬 入 hannyū carry/send in 搬 出 hanshutsu carry/take out HI, koe, ko(yashi) manure, dung, night soil ko(yasu) fertilize ko(eru) grow fat; grow fertile; have fastidious taste 39 肥 料 hiryō manure, fertilizer 0 肥 満 himan corpulence, fatness, obesity 6 肥 大 hidai corpulence, obesity; hypertrophy 749 堆 肥 taihi compost, barnyard manure 333

336 c4.5 d / k8.5 á l / ߍ慘 844 3r3. s [ /40 盡 845 4j8. Ü y b /49 45 Յ 846 3p8. r / 0 ӵ殼 847 5d9.4 ê b /56 0 ݏ 848 3p4. HA take, grasp; bundle 把 握 haaku grasp, comprehend 把 捉 hasoku grasp, comprehend 把 持 haji grasp, clasp 一 把 ichiwa one bundle 十 把 jippa ten bundles SAN, ZAN, miji(me) piteous, wretched, miserable 悲 惨 hisan misery, distress, tragedy 惨 事 sanji disaster, tragic accident 惨 状 sanjō miserable state, disastrous scene 惨 敗 sanpai, zanpai crushing defeat 惨 死 zanshi tragic/violent death JIN, tsu(kusu) exhaust, use up; render (service), make efforts tsu(kiru) be exhausted, be used up, run out, end tsu(kasu) exhaust, use up, run out of 00 尽 力 jinryoku efforts, exertions; assistance 93, 360 無 尽 蔵 mujinzō inexhaustible supply 93 論 じ 尽くす ronjitsukusu discuss fully/exhaustively KAN article, section; goodwill; friendship 借 款 shakkan (international) loan 長 期 借 款 chōki shakkan long-term loan 定 款 teikan articles of association/incorporation 約 款 yakkan agreement, provision, clause 落 款 rakkan signature (and seal) KAKU, kara husk, hull, shell 8 地 殻 chikaku the earth's crust 地 殻 変 動 chikaku hendō movement of the earth's crust 8, 57, 3 40 貝 殻 kaigara seashell 03 卵 の 殻 tamago no kara eggshell KOKU grain, cereals 穀 物 kokumotsu grain 穀 類 kokurui grains 五 穀 gokoku the five grains 穀 倉 kokusō granary, grain elevator 脱 穀 機 dakkokuki threshing machine, thresher , 537 ICHI one (in documents) 金 壱 万 円 kin ichiman en 0,000 yen 3, 6, 3 r P / , 456, ϼ壹 334

337 ௩ ཫ 849 a.6 A t { / ڇ 杰 850 5c3. è } { / ࢫ 85 5c4.9 è / c. KETSU excel 傑 出 kesshutsu excel, be eminent 傑 作 kessaku masterpiece 傑 物 ketsubutsu great man, outstanding figure 豪 傑 gōketsu hero, great man 豪 傑 笑 い gōketsu warai broad/hearty laugh SHUN, matata(ku) wink, blink, twinkle 瞬 間 shunkan instant, moment 瞬 時 shunji moment, instant 一 瞬 isshun instant; for an instant 瞬 刻 shunkoku instant, moment , BI, MI, mayu eyebrow 55, 798, 740 眉 目 秀 麗 bimoku shūrei handsome (man) 43 眉 間 miken between the eyebrows 眉 唾 物 mayutsuba(mono) fake, fishy story, cock-and-bull story 9, 79 DŌ, hitomi pupil (of the eye) 瞳 孔 dōkō pupil (of the eye) 970 è é v / SHŌ, akoga(reru) yearn (for), aspire (to) 4k.5 á é v / k.7 KEI yearn for, aspire to 憧 憬 shōkei, dōkei longing, aspiration 853 á v e /5 4 4 ቱ 855 4k6. á g ^ /5 5 ӄ 5 KAI, ku(iru) regret, rue ku(yamu) regret, rue; lament, mourn over; offer condolences kuya(shii) vexatious, vexing 48 後 悔 kōkai regret 58 悔 悟 kaigo remorse, regret 636 悔 や み 状 kuyamijō letter of condolence 66 悔 や み 言 kuyamigoto words of condolence 335

338 a6.7 t g ^ /4 5 5 ౠ楳 857 4i6.3 É g ^ / ഏ 858 a6.0 A g ^ /3 5 5 BAI, ume ume, Japanese plum/apricot (tree) 30 梅 雨 baiu, tsuyu the rainy season 839 紅 梅 kōbai ume with red/pink blossoms 松 竹 梅 shō-chiku-bai pine-bamboo-plum (auspicious 709, 9 signs; 3 grades) 56 梅 酒 umeshu ume brandy 593 梅 干 し umeboshi pickled ume BIN agile, alert 敏 速 binsoku promptness, alacrity 敏 感 binkan sensitive 鋭 敏 eibin sharp, keen, acute 機 敏 kibin smart, astute, alert 敏 腕 binwan able, capable BU, anado(ru) despise 軽 侮 keibu scorn, contempt 侮 言 bugen an insult 侮 蔑 bubetsu scorn, contempt ഫ 859 3d7. e ë Î / 脣 860 p8. Î ë ~ / b6. û u O /68 43 SHIN, kuchibiru lip 口 唇 kōshin lips 紅 唇 kōshin red lips 唇 音 shin'on a labial (sound) 上 唇 uwa-kuchibiru, jōshin upper lip 下 唇 shita-kuchibiru, kashin lower lip JOKU, hazukashi(meru) humiliate, disgrace 侮 辱 bujoku insult 恥 辱 chijoku disgrace, dishonor 汚 辱 ojoku disgrace, dishonor 国 辱 kokujoku national disgrace 雪 辱 setsujoku vindication; revenge WAI, makana(u) provide board, supply, furnish; pay for, finance 45 贈 賄 zōwai giving a bribe, bribery 770 収 賄 shūwai accepting a bribe, bribery 9 賄 い 付 き makanai-tsuki with meals 86 7b6. RO gift, present, bribe 賄 賂 wairo bribe, bribery û É e /

339 ૐ 863 4b4.3 u O /43 0 髓 864 d8.0 G u O /7 43 ঀ隨 865 3b8.4 b u G / 43 ZUI marrow 骨 髄 kotsuzui bone marrow 脊 髄 sekizui spinal cord 脳 髄 nōzui brain 真 / 神 / 心 髄 shinzui essence, quintessence, soul 精 髄 seizui essence, quintessence, soul , 30, ZUI follow 3 追 随 tsuizui follow (someone) 3 随 意 zuii voluntary, optional 30 随 筆 zuihitsu essay, miscellaneous writings 9, 98, 75 付 随 現 象 fuzui genshō concomitant phenomenon 随 一 zuiichi most, greatest, first DA fall 堕 落 daraku depravity, corruption 堕 胎 datai abortion DA lazy, inactive 怠 惰 taida laziness, idleness, sloth 惰 性 dasei inertia; force of habit 惰 気 daki inactivity, dullness 惰 眠 damin idle slumber, lethargy ੯墮 866 4k9.6 á u / a5.9 A O /3 38 ݯ 868 3e9.3 g u ] / ฒ壻 869 3e5.3 g b ^ /5 চ 5 SA help 補 佐 hosa 少 佐 shōsa 大 佐 taisa 佐 官 sakan 土 佐 Tosa aid; assistant, adviser major; lieutenant commander (in the navy) colonel; captain (in the navy) field officer (city and region in Shikoku) SEI, muko son-in-law, bridegroom 花 婿 hanamuko bridegroom 婿 養 子 mukoyōshi son-in-law taken into the family 婿 選 び mukoerabi looking for a husband for one's daughter SEI, SHŌ surname, family name 姓 名 seimei (one's full) name 同 姓 dōsei same surname; namesakes 改 姓 kaisei change one's surname 旧 姓 kyūsei one's former/maiden name 百 姓 hyakushō farmer ,

340 e3. g e /5 4 ఢ 87 3e6.8 g e / Ј 87 3d6.4 JO, NYO equal, like, as, as if 突 如 totsujo suddenly, unexpectedly 躍 如 yakujo vivid, lifelike 欠 如 ketsujo lack, deficiency 如 実 nyojitsu true to life, realistic 如 何 ikaga how IN marriage 婚 姻 kon'in marriage, matrimony 婚 姻 法 kon'inhō the Marriage Law 姻 族 inzoku relatives by marriage, in-laws 姻 戚 inseki relatives by marriage, in-laws IN throat 咽 頭 intō pharynx , e /4 34 Ѕ 873 3e0.6 g n i / Ғ 874 5d0.3 ê n i / ҟ 875 3b9.0 b i / 7 0 KA marry (a man); blame totsu(gu) get married yome bride, young wife; daughter-in-law 439 転 嫁 tenka remarriage; impute (blame) 55 花 嫁 hanayome bride 5 嫁 入り yomeiri marriage, wedding (of a woman) KA, kase(gu) work, earn (a living) 稼 働 kadō operation, work 稼 業 kagyō one's trade/occupation 出 稼 ぎ dekasegi work away from home 時 間 稼 ぎ jikan kasegi playing/stalling for time 稼 ぎ 手 kasegite breadwinner; hard worker tsuka mound, hillock 貝 塚 kaizuka heap of shells 蟻 塚 arizuka anthill 一 里 塚 ichirizuka milepost, milestone , , e7. g /5 77 ณ musume daughter, girl 93 孫 娘 magomusume granddaughter 868 娘 婿 musumemuko son-in-law, 一 人 娘 hitori musume an only daughter 箱 入り娘 hakoiri musume girl who has led a sheltered 4, 5 life 35, 805 田 舎 娘 inaka musume country girl 338

341 ૠ ૡ 877 3a7.5 Y / 77 ༣ 878 4b6. u /43 77 ༠朖 879 4k6. á /5 77 ݣ 880 5i6. ñ /60 77 RŌ waves; wander 波 浪 harō waves, high seas 浮 浪 furō vagrancy, vagabondage 流 浪 rurō vagrancy, wandering 浪 人 rōnin lordless samurai; unaffiliated person 浪 費 rōhi waste, squander RŌ, hoga(raka) clear, bright, cheerful 明 朗 meirō bright, clear, cheerful 朗 々 rōrō clear, sonorous 朗 詠 rōei recite (a Japanese/Chinese poem) 朗 読 rōdoku read aloud, recite 朗 報 rōhō good news, glad tidings KON resent, regret ura(mu) bear a grudge, resent, reproach ura(meshii) reproachful, resentful, rueful 30 遺 恨 ikon grudge, rancor, malice, enmity 855 悔 恨 kaikon remorse, contrition 40 痛 恨 tsūkon great sorrow, bitter regret 66 恨 み 言 uramigoto grudge, grievance, reproach KON, ato scar, mark 痕 跡 konseki traces, vestiges, evidence 血 痕 kekkon bloodstain 爪 痕 tsumeato scratch; pinch mark ݪ 88 3e3. g j /5 8 HI (married) princess 王 妃 ōhi queen, empress 皇 太 子 妃 kōtaishihi the crown princess 妃 殿 下 hidenka Her Imperial Highness 94 97, 639, 03 8, 3 ಽ 88 3e7. /5 0 ೮ 883 3e9.4 g } ] /5 35 hime princess 807 姫 君 himegimi princess 89 舞 姫 maihime dancing girl, dancer 395 歌 姫 utahime songstress 姫 路 Himeji (city with a famous castle, 00 km west of Ōsaka) 5 EN princess 才 媛 saien talented woman 愛 媛 県 Ehime-ken Ehime Prefecture 4 ೯ , 94

342 ൩ འ ಶ 884 3e4.4 / a4.0 / 34 YŌ, aya(shii) eerie; bewitching, enchanting 妖 艶 yōen voluptuous charm, bewitching beauty 妖 婦 yōfu enchantress, siren 妖 怪 yōkai ghost, apparition 妖 精 yōsei fairy, sprite, elf YOKU fertile 肥 沃 hiyoku fertile 沃 土 yokudo fertile land/soil 84 4 RYŪ, tatsu dragon 飛 竜 hiryū flying dragon 竜 宮 ryūgū Palace of the Dragon King 恐 竜 kyōryū dinosaur 竜 骨 ryūkotsu keel 竜 巻 tatsumaki tornado ຕ 886 5b5.3 é /54 4 龍 887 3a0.8 Y é v / 54 4 ગ瀧 888 6f6. ú é u / ᛂ 889 n9. ^ / a9. ó /6 4 ఏ繩 taki waterfall 滝 口 takiguchi top/crest of a waterfall 滝 壺 takitsubo bottom/basin of a waterfall 滝 登り takinobori (salmon) climbing a waterfall 華 厳 の 滝 Kegon no Taki (waterfall near Nikkō) 54 99, 84 RŌ, kago basket, (bird) cage, case ko(moru) seclude oneself, hole up 46 灯 籠 tōrō (hanging/garden) lantern 733 籠 城 rōjō be under siege, hole up, be confined 6, 6 引 き 籠り 引 っ 籠り hikikomori, hikkomori social withdrawal; a shut-in 85 鳥 籠 torikago bird cage KI, kame turtle, tortoise 亀 甲 kikkō tortoise shell 亀 裂 kiretsu crack, fissure 海 亀 umigame sea turtle 鶴 亀 tsurukame crane and tortoise (as symbols of longevity); congratulations JŌ, nawa rope 縄 文 jōmon (ancient Japanese) straw-rope pattern 58 縄 張 nawabari rope off; one's domain 666 縄 跳 び nawatobi skipping/jumping rope 自 縄 自 縛 に 陥 る jijō-jibaku ni ochiiru fall into one s own trap 6, 6, 54, 8 340

343

344 ૪ ૫ ૬ ૭ ૮ ૯ 898 3q8.7 Ã w m / q.4 U w m / SHO various; illegitimate (child); the (common) people 庶 務 shomu general affairs 庶 務 課 shomuka general affairs section 庶 民 shomin the (common) people 庶 民 的 shominteki popular, common, democratic 庶 子 shoshi illegitimate child SHA, saegi(ru) interrupt, obstruct, block 遮 断 shadan interception, isolation, cutoff 遮 断 機 shadanki railroad-crossing gate 遮 断 器 shadanki circuit breaker 35 35, , , , 536 ࡎ 900 5a. ç ª w / a9.4 ù É e / ࠉ 90 7a8.0 ù m e / થ 903 t8. m e /0 3 4 SHŌ sunken rock 暗 礁 anshō sunken rock, unseen reef, snag 岩 礁 ganshō (shore) reef 環 礁 kanshō atoll 珊 瑚 礁 sangoshō coral reef 離 礁 rishō get (a ship) off the rocks, refloat SHI, haka(ru) consult, confer, solicit advice 6 諮 問 shimon question, inquiry 6, 537, 40 諮 問 機 関 shimon kikan advisory body 諮 問 委 員 会 shimon iinkai advisory committee/panel 6, 474, 63, 58 DAKU consent, agree to 承 諾 shōdaku consent, agreement 許 諾 kyodaku consent, approval, permission 受 諾 judaku acceptance (of an offer) 内 諾 naidaku informal consent 諾 否 dakuhi acceptance or refusal, definite reply TOKU shelter, hide 匿 名 tokumei anonymity; pseudonym 隠 匿 intoku conceal, stash away, cover up 隠 匿 者 intokusha hoarder, concealer 隠 匿 物 資 intoku busshi secret cache of goods , , 79, 763 SHŌ collision 054 collision 衝 撃 shōgeki shock, impact 75, 74, 90 k ü 正 面 衝 突 (shōmen) shōtotsu (head-on) 40, 8, 994 緩 衝 地 帯 kanshō chitai buffer zone / 折 衝 sesshō negotiations 3 衝 動 shōdō impulse, urge, drive 904 3i. ऊ 34

345 d.3 w ü K / 勳 906 3k3.7 m ü w / k4. m Ç /3 48 ච 908 a8.7 A Ç É /3 48 KUN merit 勲 功 kunkō distinguished service, merits 勲 章 kunshō order, decoration, medal 勲 一 等 kun ittō First Order of Merit 殊 勲 shukun distinguished service, meritorious deeds 偉 勲 ikun brilliant exploit, great achievement , KUN, kao(ru) be fragrant, smell good 797 薫 香 kunkō incense; fragrance 9 薫 風 kunpū balmy breeze 763 薫 陶 kuntō discipline, training; education 風 薫 る 五 月 kaze kaoru gogatsu the balmy month of May 9, 7, 7 HŌ fragrance; (honoric prefix) kanba(shii) sweet-smelling, favorable, fair 797 芳 香 hōkō fragrance, perfume, aroma book 8 芳 名 hōmei good name/reputation; your name 来 客 芳 名 録 (raikyaku) hōmeiroku visitor's 69, 65, 8, 547 秋 芳 洞 Akiyoshi-dō Akiyoshi Cave (Japan's largest) 470, 380 HŌ, nara(u) imitate, follow 模 倣 mohō imitation 先 例 に 倣う senrei ni narau follow precedent 54 50, 6 49 ඊ 909 4c4.5 v / a.4 É m / b3. u ù w / SHŌ, nobo(ru) rise, be promoted 上 昇 jōshō rise, ascent; upward trend 昇 進 shōshin promotion, advancement 昇 格 shōkaku promotion to a higher status, upgrading 昇 給 shōkyū pay raise 昇 級 shōkyū promotion to a higher grade KYŌ, odoro(ku) be surprised, astonished, be frightened odoro(kasu) surprise, astonish, frighten 驚 嘆 kyōtan admiration, wonder 驚 異 kyōi wonder, miracle, marvel 驚 愕 kyōgaku astonishment; alarm, consternation TŌ copy 謄 写 tōsha copy, duplication 謄 写 器 tōshaki mimeograph machine 謄 写 版 tōshaban mimeograph 謄 本 tōhon transcript, copy , , 089 5

346 9 98 ฎ 9 TŌ rise (in prices) 物 価 騰 貴 (bukka) tōki rise (in prices) u w 暴 騰 bōtō sudden/sharp rise 高 騰 kōtō sudden rise, jump (in prices) / 騰 勢 kōsei rising/upward trend 4b6.3 ௐ 93 3f.4 h É } / 幤 94 4i.3 É } m / e5.3 H b ` /7 7 卻 96 4b7.3 u b G / b.4 u t Y / k0.4 á è O /5 55 愼 79, 47, HEI Shinto zigzag paper offerings; money 80 紙 幣 shihei paper money 765 currency 貨 幣 kahei money; coin, coinage 765, 47, 43 貨 幣 価 値 kahei kachi the value of money/ 704, 70 造 幣 局 Zōheikyoku Mint Bureau 433 幣 制 heisei monetary system HEI evil; abuse, vice; (as prefix) our (humble) 弊 害 heigai an evil, ill effect 疲 弊 hihei impoverishment, exhaustion 旧 弊 kyūhei an old evil; old-fashioned 弊 社 heisha our company, we KYAKU pull back, withdraw 却 下 kyakka reject, dismiss 返 却 henkyaku return, repay 退 却 taikyaku retreat 売 却 baikyaku sale, disposal by sale 忘 却 bōkyaku forget, lose sight of KYAKU, [KYA], ashi leg 橋 脚 kyōkyaku bridge pier 失 脚 shikkyaku lose one's position/standing 脚 注 kyakuchū footnote 脚 本 kyakuhon play, script 脚 色 kyakushoku dramatization, stage/film adaption hiza knee; lap 559 膝 掛 け hizakake lap robe/blanket 7, 453 膝 小 僧 hizakozō kneecap 37 膝 元 hizamoto near one s knee; at the knees of 膝 詰 め 談 判 hizazume danpan face-to-face talk, 95, 603, 065 膝 栗 毛 hizakurige go on foot, hike it direct negotiations 87 SHIN, tsutsushi(mu) be discreet, careful, restrain oneself, refrain from 34 謹 慎 kinshin good behavior; house arrest 7 慎 重 shinchō cautious 545 慎 み 深 い tsutsushimibukai discreet, cautious 344

347 99 95 མ 99 8a0.6 ß è O /7 55 ପ鎭 90 3b0.5 b è P / 55 3 CHIN calm, quell; weight shizu(meru) calm, quell shizu(maru) calm down 鎮 静 剤 chinseizai a sedative 鎮 痛 剤 chintsūzai pain-killer 鎮 圧 chin'atsu suppression, quelling 鎮 魂 曲 chinkonkyoku requiem TEN fill in 充 塡 jūten fill (up), plug 装 塡 sōten a charge (of gunpowder) 塡 補 tenpo fill up, compensate (for), replenish 674, , , ｵ 填 9 7c. ü O /69 9 7c4. ü É /69 49 ఓ 93 7c4. ü KI wheel track, rut, railway, orbit 49 軌 道 kidō railroad track; orbit 狭 軌 鉄 道 kyōki tetsudō narrow-gauge railway 436, 3, 常 軌 jōki normal course of action 43 軌 範 kihan model, example 軌 跡 kiseki track, rut; locus (in geometry or metaphorical) 673 NAN, yawa(rakai/raka) soft 柔 軟 jūnan soft, pliable 軟 化 nanka become soft; relent 軟 弱 nanjaku weak, weak-kneed 軟 骨 nankotsu cartilage 軟 着 陸 nanchakuriku soft landing , 657 ZAN, ki(ru) cut/kill (with a sword) 斬 殺 zansatsu kill with a sword 斬 新 zanshin novel, original, latest SEN, uraya(mu), uraya(mashii) envy, be envious (of) 羨 望 senbō envy 685 YŌ, kama kiln 窯 業 yōgyō ceramic industry, ceramics 窯 元 kamamoto place where pottery is made /69 50 ߛ 94 o.4 Ä É Y ৯ 95 3m.5 n Ä w / ງ窰 345

348 96 93 ଅ ଆ 96 4d4. w s /44 40 爐 97 4d4. w É /44 49 ॷ 98 3a5.3 Y j _ / a. Y û b / 68 ହ 930 3a. Y O / 93 4d8.9 w v b /44 4 ࡈ 93 6f9. ú v b /66 4 RO furnace, hearth 暖 炉 danro fireplace 溶 鉱 炉 yōkōro smelting/blast furnace 原 子 炉 genshiro atomic reactor 核 反 応 炉 kaku hannōro nuclear reactor 増 殖 炉 zōshokuro breeder reactor SUI, ta(ku) boil (rice), cook 炊 事 suiji cooking 自 炊 jisui do one's own cooking 炊 飯 器 suihanki rice cooker 雑 炊 zōsui porridge of rice and vegetables 炊 き 出 し takidashi emergency group cooking , 7 36, 03 75, 34, , , FUTSU, wa(ku) boil, seethe wa(kasu) (bring to a) boil 9 沸 騰 futtō boiling; excitement, agitation 9, 69 沸 騰 点 fut(tō)ten boiling point 沸 き 立 つ wakitatsu boil up, seethe 64, 536 湯 沸 か し 器 yuwakashi(ki) hot-water heater tsu(keru) soak, immerse, pickle, preserve tsu(karu) soak, steep, be submersed, be well seasoned 79 漬 物 tsukemono pickled vegetables 漬 物 石 tsukemono-ishi weight stone (used in making pickles) 79, 78 5 塩 漬 shiozuke food preserved with salt JŪ, shiru juice, sap, soup, broth, gravy 天 然 果 汁 (tennen) kajū (natural) fruit juice 肉 汁 nikujū meat juices, gravy 墨 汁 bokujū India ink 汁 粉 shiruko adzuki-bean soup with rice cake み そ 汁 misoshiru miso soup 4, 66, SHA, ni(eru) (intr.) boil, cook ni(ru), ni(yasu) (tr.) boil, cook, simmer 98 煮 沸 shafutsu boiling 584 雑 煮 zōni rice-cake soup with vegetables 44 生 煮 え namanie half-cooked, underdone 79 業 を 煮 や す gō o niyasu become exasperated hashi chopsticks 割り箸 waribashi (wooden) half-split chopsticks 塗り箸 nuribashi lacquered chopsticks 箸 置 き hashioki chopstick rest 火 箸 hibashi tongs

349 ଇ ଈ ଉ ଊ ଋ ଌ 933 o. u w _ ২ 0a4.4 ଋ 935 4k3.4 á j /5 8 վ 936 q3.5 U O / , , SEN, i(ru) roast; boil 煎 餅 senbei (rice) cracker 煎 茶 sencha green tea 二 番 煎 じ niban senji second brew of tea; rehash 煎り豆 腐 iridōfu bean curd boiled dry and seasoned CHŌ, tomura(u) mourn, condole 弔 意 chōi condolence, sympathy 弔 辞 chōji words/message of condolence 弔 電 chōden telegram of condolence 弔 問 chōmon visit of condolence 慶 弔 keichō congratulations and condolences KI mourning i(mu) loathe, hate; avoid, shun i(mawashii) abominable, disgusting, scandalous 忌 中 kichū in mourning 忌 避 kihi evasion, shirking; (legal) challenge 忌 み 言 葉 imikotoba taboo word , 53 JIN fast 迅 速 jinsoku quick, rapid, speedy 迅 雷 jinrai thunderclap 奮 迅 funjin roused to powerful action २ 937 4c6.9 v { ^ / c5.8 d e ^ / c5. d q / JUN follow (someone) into death, dutiful death 殉 教 者 junkyōsha martyr 殉 難 junnan martyrdom 殉 職 junshoku die in the line of duty 殉 国 junkoku dying for one's country 殉 死 junshi kill oneself on the death of one's lord 45, KŌ seize, arrest, adhere to 拘 束 kōsoku restriction, restraint 拘 留 kōryū detention, custody 拘 置 kōchi keep in detention, confine, hold 拘 置 所 kōchisho house of detention, prison 拘 泥 kōdei adhere (to), be a stickler (for) , SETSU, tsutana(i) unskillful, clumsy 拙 劣 setsuretsu clumsy, bungling, unskillful 稚 拙 chisetsu artless, crude, naive 拙 策 sessaku poor policy, imprudent measure 拙 速 sessoku not elaborate but fast, rough-and-ready 巧 拙 kōsetsu skill, dexterity

350 ଏ බ ଐ 940 3r5. s q / ف 94 3c8.3 d s q / ق 94 3b8. b s q / m0.6 n s q / ك 944 3b9. b s m / 40 3 KUTSU bend, yield 屈 曲 kukkyoku crookedness; refraction; curvature 屈 折 kussetsu refraction (in physics) 屈 辱 kutsujoku humiliation, indignity 卑 屈 hikutsu lack of moral courage, servility 退 屈 taikutsu tedious, monotonous, boring KUTSU, ho(ru) dig 960 採 掘 saikutsu mining, digging 96 発 掘 hakkutsu excavation; exhumation 830 掘り抜く horinuku dig through, bore bargain 448 掘り返 す horikaesu dig up 53, 79 掘り出 し 物 horidashimono treasure trove; lucky find; hori moat, canal, ditch 堀 割 horiwari canal, waterway 堀 江 horie canal 堀 川 horikawa canal 内 堀 uchibori inner moat 外 堀 sotobori outer moat KUTSU cave, den 洞 窟 dōkutsu cave, cavern 岩 窟 gankutsu cave, cavern 巣 窟 sōkutsu den, hangout, home 貧 民 窟 hinminkutsu slums HEI wall, fence 板 塀 itabei board fence 石 塀 ishibei stone fence 土 塀 dobei mud/earthen wall , a.9 Y ± s / ༤ 946 7b6.3 û ã O /68 5 ੜ RŌ, mo(ru/reru) leak, slip from mo(rasu) let leak, divulge 08 漏 電 rōden electric leakage, short circuit 457 脱 漏 datsurō be omitted, left out 30 遺 漏 なく irōnaku without omission, exhaustively 30 雨 漏り amamori leak in the roof 64 聞 き 漏 ら す kikimorasu fail to hear, miss (a word) ZOKU robber; rebel 盗 賊 tōzoku thief, burglar, robber 海 賊 kaizoku pirate 海 賊 版 kaizokuban pirate edition 国 賊 kokuzoku traitor 烏 賊 ika squid, cuttlefish ,

351 ଓ ଔ କ ఏ ଖ 947 7b8.4 û ã P / ധ 948 4e9.4 y e / ҝ 949 3a9.36 Y e / 4 0 П 950 8a9.3 ß e /7 4 0 ఌ 95 4a7.4 t ê _ / FU tribute, payment, installment; prose poem geppu monthly installment fuzei taxation fuka levy, assessment fueki compulsory labor, corvée tenpu inherent nature; inborn, natural KA calamity, misfortune 禍 根 kakon root of evil, source of calamity 災 禍 saika accident, disaster 戦 禍 senka the ravages of war, war damage 禍 福 kafuku fortune and misfortune 舌 禍 zekka unfortunate slip of the tongue 月賦 賦税 賦課 賦役 天賦 KA, uzu swirl, vortex, whirlpool, eddy 渦 流 karyū eddy, whirlpool 渦 中 kachū maelstrom, vortex 戦 渦 senka the confusion of war 渦 巻 き uzumaki eddy, vortex, whirlpool; spiral nabe pot, saucepan 中 華 鍋 chūkanabe wok, Chinese pan 土 鍋 donabe earthen pot 鍋 物 nabemono food served in the pot 鍋 焼 き nabeyaki baked in a casserole 鍋 底 景 気 nabezoko keiki prolonged recession 8, , 87, 34 nashi pear, pear tree 梨 花 rika pear blossoms 洋 梨 yōnashi Western pear 山 梨 県 Yamanashi-ken Yamanashi Prefecture , 94 RI diarrhea 下 痢 geri diarrhea 赤 痢 sekiri dysentery 疫 痢 ekiri children's dysentery, infant diarrhea i7. ñ ê _ / i9. ñ v L /60 4 ਸ਼ 9 SŌ, ya(seru) become thin, get lean, lose weight 59 痩 身 sōshin slender body, thin build 痩 躯 sōku lean figure 痩 せ こけ る yasekokeru get all thin, get too skinny 469 夏 痩 せ natsuyase loss of weight in summer 38, 499 痩 せ 我 慢 yasegaman endure for sake of pride 349

352 ଗ ൰ ൫ ଘ ມ ଙ 954 5i5. ñ ^ / e0.8 SHITSU illness, disease; fast 疾 患 shikkan disease, ailment 悪 疾 akushitsu malignant disease 廃 疾 haishitsu disablement, disabiltiy 疾 走 shissō run at full speed 疾 風 shippū strong wind, gale SHITSU jealousy, envy 嫉 視 shisshi envy g ñ / e5. TO, neta(mu) be jealous/envious (of) 嫉 妬 心 shitto(shin) jealousy, envy 955, 97 g ç /5 53 ஏ 957 5i8. ñ e / 癡 958 5i9.3 ñ v i /60 4 CHI foolish 白 痴 hakuchi idiocy; idiot 痴 漢 chikan molester of women, masher 痴 情 chijō foolish passion, blind love; jealousy 音 痴 onchi tone-deaf 愚 痴 guchi idle complaint, grumbling YŌ ulcer 潰 瘍 kaiyō ulcer 胃 潰 瘍 ikaiyō stomach ulcer , 9 7 ᗉ 959 4k5.6 á h O /5 6 ച 960 5f4.5 ì ë /58 57 ϩ FU fear kowa(i) frightening, scary 709 恐 怖 kyōfu fear, terror 709, 49, 50 恐 怖 政 治 kyōfu seiji reign of terror 709, 400 恐 怖 症 kyōfushō phobia, morbid dread 高 所 恐 怖 症 kōsho kyōfushō acrophobia 90, 53, 709, 400 I awe, reverence oso(reru) fear, be overawed 畏 怖 ifu awe, fear, dread 畏 敬 ikei awe and respect, reverence 畏 縮 ishuku cower, quail, be awestruck, shrink from 畏 れ 多 い osoreōi gracious, august, awe-inspiring

353 ଚ வ ཪ ཬ ଛ ଜ ଝ 96 4k3.3 KAN regret 遺 憾 ikan regrettable 30 á ã e /5 5 4 Կ 96 b5.4 C e ` /5 4 YA smelting, casting 冶 金 学 yakin(gaku) metallurgy 陶 冶 tōya training, cultivation, education 3, RITSU fear; shudder, shiver 戦 慄 senritsu shudder, tremble, shiver 慄 然 ritsuzen with horror, with a shudder GU fear, misgivings 危 惧 kigu fear, misgivings, apprehension แ 963 4k0.5 á t e / k8.3 á u _ / ሲ 965 8a8.3 ß t v / a9.5 ß Î /7 8 0 REN forge, temper, refine; train, drill 精 錬 所 seirensho refinery 錬 金 術 renkinjutsu alchemy 錬 成 rensei training 修 錬 shūren training, discipline 670, 53 3, TAN, kita(eru) forge; train, drill, discipline 鍛 工 tankō metalworker, smith 鍛 錬 tanren temper, anneal; train, harden 鍛 え 上 げ る kitaeageru become highly trained JŌ lock, padlock; pill, tablet 錠 前 jōmae a lock 組 み 合 わ せ 錠 kumiawasejō combination lock 手 錠 tejō handcuffs 錠 剤 jōzai tablet, pill 一 錠 ichijō one tablet/pill 47 44, a8. ß n ] /7 33 म 4 35

354 ଞ ଟ ଠ ଡ ଢ ଣ ତ 968 8a0. ß û } / ݺ 969 8a5.4 ß t /7 4 ಌ 970 8a.6 ß é v / क 97 8a5. ß A / d5.4 ± A /74 3 ༀ 973 SA chain; close, shut kusari chain 封 鎖 fūsa blockade 閉 鎖 heisa closing, shutdown, lockout 鎖 国 sakoku national isolation 連 鎖 反 応 rensa hannō chain reaction 金 鎖 kingusari gold chain HACHI, [HATSU] bowl, pot; brainpan; crown 火 鉢 hibachi hibachi, charcoal brazier 植 木 鉢 uekibachi flowerpot 衣 鉢 ihatsu the mantle, secrets (of one's master) すり鉢 suribachi (conical) earthenware mortar 鉢 巻 き hachimaki cloth tied around one's head SHŌ, kane bell 晩 鐘 banshō evening bell 警 鐘 keishō alarm bell 半 鐘 hanshō fire bell 鐘 乳 洞 shōnyūdō stalactite cave 0 430, , 380 REI, RIN, suzu bell 電 鈴 denrei electric bell 呼 び 鈴 yobirin doorbell, (hotel) service bell 風 鈴 fūrin wind-bell 鈴 虫 suzumushi "bell-ring" insect 鈴 木 Suzuki (surname) REI zero 零 点 reiten (a score of) zero 零 時 reiji o'clock 零 度 reido zero (degrees), the freezing point 零 下 reika below zero, subzero 零 細 reisai small, trifling FUN fog 雰囲気 8d , 34, fun'iki atmosphere, ambience 57, 34 ± _ K / a8.5 t n s /4 33 Մ 40 KAN coffin 棺 桶 kan'oke coffin 石 棺 sekkan stone coffin, sarcophagus 納 棺 nōkan placing in the coffin 出 棺 shukkan start of a funeral procession

355 ଥ ଦ ଧ ନ ପ 975 3b7. b v / j. l é v / MAI bury u(meru) bury; fill up u(maru) be buried (under); filled up u(moreru) be buried; sink into obscurity 83 埋 葬 maisō burial, interment 963 埋 没 maibotsu be buried; fall into oblivion 360 埋 蔵 maizō buried stores, underground reserves 埋 め 立 て umetate land reclamation SHŌ manifest, acknowledge 顕 彰 kenshō manifest, exhibit, exalt 表 彰 hyōshō official commendation 表 彰 状 hyōshōjō certificate of commendation, citation 7, b8.6 b é e / b8. û é e / ౦ 979 f8. I é e / BAI, tsuchika(u) cultivate, foster 栽 培 saibai cultivation, culture, growing 培 養 baiyō cultivation, culture 培 養 液 baiyōeki culture fluid/solution 純 粋 培 養 junsui baiyō pure culture , , 85, 406 BAI indemnify 003 賠 償 baishō reparation, indemnification 損 害 賠 償 songai baishō compensation for damages 35, 57, 003 賠 償 金 baishōkin indemnities, reparations, damages 003, 3 BŌ divide, cut up 解 剖 kaibō dissection, autopsy, analysis 解 剖 学 kaibōgaku anatomy 生 体 解 剖 seitai kaibō vivisection 48 48, 09 44, 6, 48 ද 980 7b8. û v i / SHI, tamawa(ru) grant, bestow, confer 下 賜 kashi imperial grant, donation 恩 賜 onshi imperial gift 賜 暇 shika leave of absence, furlough TO, ka(keru) bet, wager, stake, gamble 賭 博 tobaku gambling 賭 け 事 kakegoto betting, gambling 賭 け 金 kakekin stakes, bet ࠋ 98 7b8.8 û v b /

356 ଫ ବ ଭ ମ ଯ ର 98 3c8.33 d s e / su(eru) set, place, put into position su(waru) sit, be set 据 え 付 け る suetsukeru set into position, install 据 え 置く sueoku leave as is, let stand 腹 を 据 える hara o sueru decide, make up one's mind উ 983 3c5. d ç /3 53 ઞ 984 5a8.9 ç m / a8.4 t m _ /4 3 6 ք棊 TAKU open, clear, break up (land) 開 拓 kaitaku reclamation, clearing 開 拓 者 kaitakusha settler, pioneer 拓 殖 takushoku colonization, settlement 干 拓 kantaku land reclamation by drainage 拓 本 takuhon a rubbing (of an inscription) , GO (the board game) go 57 囲 碁 igo (the game of) go 78 碁 石 goishi go stone 58, 53 碁 会 所 gokaisho, gokaijo go club layout 49 碁 盤 goban go board 碁 盤 の 目 goban no me go-board grid, checkerboard 49, 55 KI go, shōgi, Japanese chess 将 棋 shōgi shogi, Japanese chess 将 棋 盤 shōgiban shogi board 棋 譜 kifu record of a game of go/shogi 棋 士 kishi (professional) go/shogi player 将 棋 倒 し shōgidaoshi fall down (like dominoes) , , JŌ daughter, young lady お 嬢 さん ojōsan (your) daughter; young lady 御 令 嬢 (go)reijō (your) daughter; young lady g ë m 愛 嬢 aijō one's dear/favorite daughter / e3. 7, ड孃 987 7e3. ë m /7 57 JŌ, kamo(su) brew; bring about, give rise to 醸 造 所 jōzōsho brewery, distillery 醸 成 jōsei brew; cause, bring about 704, भ釀 988 3b0.8 b u _ / 43 6 SO modeling, molding 塑 像 sozō modeling, molding 可 塑 性 kasosei plasticity 彫 塑 chōso carving and (clay) modeling, plastic arts ਇ , 98 0

357 ཝ ଲ ଳ ଵ ଶ 989 q0.6 u U _ /9 43 SO, sakanobo(ru) go upstream; go back to 行 sokō go upstream 及 的 sokyūteki retroactive 68 38, 0 6 ྌ 990 3b3.5 b v e / b9.9 b m e / 3 4 ந 99 4a9.0 t ò g /4 6 5 ༡樓 993 4a6.6 t Ä A / ৡ 994 7a6.4 ù Ä A / DAN, [TAN] rostrum, dais, podium 344 演 壇 endan (speaker's) platform, rostrum 67 祭 壇 saidan altar 文 壇 bundan the literary world execution 55 花 壇 kadan flower bed 4, 54 土 壇 場 dotanba last/critical moment; place of TŌ tower: stupa, pagoda; monument 監 視 塔 kanshitō watchtower 管 制 塔 kanseitō control tower 広 告 塔 kōkokutō poster column, advertising pillar 象 げ の 塔 zōge no tō ivory tower 五 重 の 塔 gojū no tō 5-story pagoda 777, 66 38, , , 7 RŌ tower, turret, lookout 鐘 楼 shōrō bell tower, belfry 楼 閣 rōkaku many-storied building, castle 楼 門 rōmon two-story gate 摩 天 楼 matenrō skyscraper , 4 SEN stopper, cork, plug, spigot 消 火 栓 shōkasen fire hydrant 給 水 栓 kyūsuisen water tap, hydrant 水 道 栓 suidōsen hydrant, tap 塞 栓 sokusen an embolism 栓 抜 き sennuki bottle opener 864, 0 346,, SEN inquiry, investigation 詮 索 sensaku search, inquiry 詮 議 sengi discussion, examination 所 詮 shosen after all FU attach, accompany 附 属 fuzoku belonging to, accessory 寄 附 kifu contribution, donation 附 近 fukin neighborhood, vicinity 附 録 furoku supplement, appendix 附 随 fuzui accompany, be entailed by ৴ 995 d5.4 G ~ A /7 37 പ 3 355

358 ଷ ସ ହ 996 d8.5 G É b /7 49 RYŌ, misasagi imperial tomb, mausoleum 丘 陵 kyūryō hill 丘 陵 地 帯 kyūryō chitai hilly area 御 陵 goryō tomb of the emperor/empress 44 44, 8, a7.0 A É ` / SHUN excellence, genius 俊 才 shunsai genius, outstanding talent 俊 傑 shunketsu great man 俊 敏 shunbin keen, quick-witted SA, sosonoka(su) tempt, entice; incite, abet shisa suggestion kyōsa instigation, incitement ࢨ 998 3d7.8 e É ` /4 49 示唆 教唆 7 ݱ 999 9a8. æ } P / എ 000 9a7. æ w /76 44 HIN frequently, repeatedly 頻 度 hindo frequency, rate of occurrence 頻 発 hinpatsu frequency, frequent occurrence 頻 繁 hinpan frequency, rapid succession 頻 々と hinpin to frequent, in rapid succession hō cheek 頬 骨 hōbone cheekbones 頬 張 る hōbaru stuff one's mouth with food GAN stubborn, obstinate 頑 固 ganko stubborn, obstinate 頑 迷 ganmei bigoted, obstinate 頑 強 gankyō stubborn, obstinate, unyielding 頑 健 ganken strong and robust, in excellent health 頑 張 る ganbaru persist in, stick to it, hang in there හ 00 9a4.6 æ _ / կ 00 9a9. æ e /76 4 ԅ 4 GAKU, ago jaw, chin 顎 骨 gakkotsu jawbone 上 顎 uwaago upper jaw; the palate 下 顎 shitaago lower jaw 顎 ひ げ agohige chin beard, goatee

359 ଽ 003 4f4. _ /46 6 GAN play, toy, trifle (with) 玩 具 omocha, gangu toy 玩 具 屋 omochaya toy shop 愛 玩 aigan cherish, treasure, prize 46 46, ը 004 4f3. Ä m RŌ, moteaso(bu) play, trifle, tamper (with) 愚 弄 gurō make a fool of, ridicule, mock 翻 弄 honrō trifle with, make sport of / d9. w æ /44 76 ರ 006 9a4.3 HAN, [BON], wazura(u) worry about, be troubled by wazura(wasu) trouble, bother, annoy 煩 雑 hanzatsu complicated, troublesome 煩 忙 hanbō busy, pressed with business 煩 悩 bonnō evil passions, carnal desires 煩 わ し い wazurawashii troublesome, tangled HAN divide, distribute 頒 布 hanpu distribute, circulate æ _ K / ಱ 007 3m. n u ] / Ҕ 008 3m.3 n û } / n5. o e / KA alone, widowed; few, small 多 寡 taka quantity, number, amount 寡 婦 kafu widow 寡 聞 kabun little knowledge, ill-informed 寡 黙 kamoku taciturn, reticent 寡 占 kasen oligopoly HIN guest 賓 客 hinkaku, hinkyaku honored guest, visitor 貴 賓 kihin distinguished guest, guest of honor 主 賓 shuhin guest of honor 来 賓 raihin guest, visitor 迎 賓 館 geihinkan reception hall; guest mansion SHŌ further; value, respect 高 尚 kōshō lofty, noble, refined 尚 武 shōbu militaristic, martial 尚 早 shōsō premature, too early 時 機 尚 早 jiki-shōsō too soon, time is not ripe 和 尚 oshō Buddhist priest , , 537, 48 4

360 m7.7 n u } / a7.6 ç u } / SHŌ, yoi evening 春 宵 shunshō spring evening 徹 宵 tesshō all night long 宵 の 口 yoi no kuchi early evening 宵 っ 張り yoippari staying up till late; night owl 宵 越 し yoigoshi (left over) from the previous evening SHŌ saltpeter 硝 酸 shōsan nitric acid 硝 石 shōseki saltpeter 硝 煙 shōen gunpowder smoke a7.3 ç N ` / b4. u Ç / b4. b Ç / 48 ධ 05 6a4. ó Ç /6 48 ර 06 6a0. ó É b /6 49 RYŪ sulfur 硫 酸 ryūsan sulfuric acid 硫 化 水 素 ryūka suiso hydrogen sulfide 硫 黄 iō sulfur 硫 黄 泉 iōsen sulfur springs 硫 黄 島 Iōtō, Iōjima Iwo Jima 55 54,, , , 86 BŌ (animal) fat 083 脂 肪 shibō fat 008, 3, 083 皮 下 脂 肪 hika shibō subcutaneous fat 083 脂 肪 ぶとり shibōbutori fat, obese 083, 454 fat 脂 肪 層 shibōsō layer of fat 植 物 性 脂 肪 shokubutsusei shibō vegetable 430, 79, 98, 083 BŌ, [BO'] priest's residence; Buddhist priest/monk; boy 55 坊 主 bōzu Buddhist priest, bonze 三 日 坊 主 mikka bōzu one who can stick to nothing 4, 5, , 7 朝 寝 坊 asanebō a late riser 07 赤 ん 坊 akanbō baby 坊 ちゃ ん botchan (your) son, young master, boy BŌ, tsumu(gu) spin, make yarn 紡 績 bōseki spinning 紡 績 工 場 bōseki kōjō spinning mill 紡 織 bōshoku spinning and weaving 混 紡 konbō mixed/blended spinning CHI fine, close, minute chimitsu fine, close, minute, exact seichi minute, fine, subtle 緻密 精緻 ᜦ , 39,

361 g4. î ª ó / ບ 08 6a8.3 ó n ] /6 33 RA silk gauze, thin silk; (bird-capturing) mist net; in rows 6 羅 列 raretsu enumerate, cite 34 羅 針 rashin compass needle 34, 49 羅 針 盤 rashinban compass 70 網 羅 mōra be all-inclusive, comprehensive, 58 一 張 羅 itchōra one's best/only clothes TAN, hokoro(biru) come apart at the seams, unravel; begin to open 676 破 綻 hatan failure, breakdown, bankruptcy g0. î u ` /55 43 HI end, discontinue, stop; leave, withdraw 罷 免 himen dismissal (from one's post) 罷 業 higyō strike, walkout a3.5 ß ^ [ / e9. v b /7 4 ল 0 7e3.3 ^ [ /7 5 ࡗ 03 7e3. CHŌ, tsu(ru) fish, angle; decoy, allure, take in 釣り道 具 tsuridōgu fishing tackle 釣り針 tsuribari fishhook 釣り堀 tsuribori fishing pond 釣り銭 tsurisen (make) change 釣り合 い tsuriai balance, equilibrium, proportion SEI wake up, awaken 覚 醒 kakusei awakening, revival; disillusionment 覚 醒 剤 kakuseizai stimulant drugs 半 醒 半 睡 hansei-hansui be half-asleep 警 醒 keisei warn, arouse, awaken SHAKU pour (saké), drink; take into consideration 媒 酌 baishaku matchmaking 媒 酌 人 baishakunin matchmaker, go-between 晩 酌 banshaku evening drink 独 酌 dokushaku drinking alone 酌 量 shakuryō consideration, extenuation CHŪ double-fermented saké 焼 酎 shōchū (a low-grade liquor) ~ / , , , 88, ,

362 ෆ 04 7e6. _ /7 6 SHŪ reward, compensation 698 報 酬 hōshū remuneration 無 報 酬 muhōshū without remuneration, free of charge 93, 応 酬 ōshū reply, response, retort 05 7e6.4 É e / RAKU whey; dairy products 酪 農 場 rakunō(jō) dairy, dairy farm 酪 製 品 rakuseihin dairy products 酪 農 家 rakunōka dairy farmer, dairyman 370, , , e6. b E / e5.3 ^ P /7 5 3 ८醋 08 3r4. s O / r. s O /40 ऽ 030 3r4. s Y /40 ణ KŌ fermentation; yeast 酵 母 kōbo yeast 酵 母 菌 kōbokin yeast fungus 酵 素 kōso enzyme 発 酵 hakkō fermentation, SAKU, su vinegar 酢 酸 sakusan acetic acid 酢 漬 け suzuke pickling in vinegar 酢 の 物 su no mono vinegared dish 甘 酢 amazu sweet vinegar BI, o tail 305 末 尾 matsubi the end 48 首 尾 shubi beginning and end; result, outcome 68 尾 行 bikō shadow, tail (someone) 46 尾 灯 bitō taillight 5, 76, 5 徹 頭 徹 尾 tettō-tetsubi thoroughly shiri buttocks, rear end 尻 尾 shippo tail; end 尻 餅 shirimochi falling on one s butt, pratfall 尻 押 し shirioshi push from behind; instigation; backing 尻 取り shiritori (game: taking the last syllable of a word forming a word that begins with that syllable) NYŌ urine 尿 素 nyōso urea 尿 酸 nyōsan uric acid 排 尿 hainyō urination 夜 尿 症 yanyōshō nocturnal enuresis, bedwetting 糖 尿 病 tōnyōbyō diabetes , , 38

363 a5.0 Y / a5.7 t Î G / a3. t l HITSU, HI flow, secrete 分 泌 bunpitsu, bunpi secretion 内 分 泌 naibunpi internal secretion 分 泌 物 bunpibutsu a secretion 泌 尿 器 hinyōki urinary organs 泌 尿 器 科 hinyōkika urology 38 84, 38 38, , , 536, 30 RYŪ, yanagi willow tree 川 柳 senryū humorous 7-syllable Japanese poem 花 柳 界 karyūkai demimonde, red-light district 柳 眉 ryūbi beautiful eyebrows 枝 垂 れ 柳 shidare yanagi weeping willow 柳 腰 yanagi-goshi slender graceful hips 33 55, , sugi Japanese cedar 杉 並 木 suginamiki avenue of sugi trees 杉 並 区 Suginami-ku Suginami Ward (Tokyo),, 83 /4 3 ঊ 034 4a5.5 t h N /4 6 kaki persimmon (tree/fruit) 渋 柿 shibugaki puckery persimmon 干 し 柿 hoshigaki dried persimmons Ӫ 035 h8. L t / a5.8 SŌ, kuwa mulberry tree 6 桑 門 sōmon Buddhist priest/monk 454 桑 園 sōen mulberry farm/orchard 35 桑 田 sōden mulberry orchard Thank God! 36 桑 畑 kuwabatake mulberry field 36, 36 桑 原 桑 原 kuwabara-kuwabara Heaven forbid! tochi horse chestnut 栃 木 県 Tochigi-ken Tochigi Prefecture, 94 t Î ] /4 8 4 ௭ 037 4c4.0 v P /4 3 ݦ KON insect; multitude 昆 虫 konchū insect 昆 虫 学 konchūgaku entomology 昆 虫 採 集 konchū saishū insect collecting 昆 布 konbu, kobu sea tangle, tang, kelp 昆 布 茶 konbucha, kobucha tang tea , , 960, , 5

364 ಱ ཀྵ 038 3q8.5 Î _ a5.9 shika, ka deer 6 大 鹿 ōjika large deer, moose, elk 83 馬 鹿 baka fool, idiot, stupid; to a ridiculous degree 75, 83 親 馬 鹿 oyabaka overfond parent 83, 05 馬 鹿 安 い bakayasui dirt-cheap, ridiculously cheap 鹿 児 島 県 Kagoshima-ken Kagoshima Prefecture 80, 86, 94 ROKU, fumoto foot/base of a mountain 山 麓 sanroku the foot of a mountain /4 8 6 ༭ 040 6d5.7 ö n P / ࡏ 04 6d4.5 ö N O /64 Ү 04 6d4.8 ö /64 34 JA, DA, hebi snake 55 蛇 の 目 janome bull's-eye design (on oilpaper umbrella) 345 蛇 腹 jabara accordion-like folds, bellows; cornice 68 蛇 行 dakō meander, zigzag, fishtail 58 蛇 足 dasoku superfluous (like legs on a snake) 95, 6 長 蛇 の 列 chōda no retsu long queue/line of people ka mosquito 59 蚊 帳 kaya mosquito net 蚊 取り線 香 katori senkō mosquito-repellent incense 65, 99, 蚊 柱 kabashira column of swarming mosquitoes SAN, kaiko silkworm 養 蚕 yōsan sericulture, silkworm raising 蚕 糸 sanshi silk thread/yarn 蚕 食 sanshoku encroachment, inroads ߖ蠶 043 3n8. o ö / KEI, hotaru firefly, glowworm 38, 46 蛍 光 灯 keikōtō fluorescent lamp 38,, 39 蛍 光 塗 料 keikō-toryō fluorescent paint 979, 837 蛍 雪 の 功 keisetsu no kō the fruits of diligent study 687 蛍 狩り hotarugari firefly catching ٷ 螢 BAN barbarian 野 蛮 人 (ya)banjin barbarian, savage N ö _ 南 蛮 nanban southern barbarian, European (hist.) 蛮 風 banpū barbarous ways/customs / 64 6 蛮 行 bankō act of barbarity, brutality 蛮 勇 ban'yū recklessness; brute force 34 t Î _ 044 j0. ಹ蠻 36 36,

365 ಅ ଡ଼ ଢ଼ ದ 045 6d3. ö /64 38 niji rainbow 虹 彩 kōsai iris (of the eye) 虹 色 nijiiro rainbow colors 虹 鱒 nijimasu rainbow trout ఝ 046 / a8.3 e / a8.7 t e /4 34 DA pack horse; of poor quality 駄 賃 dachin reward, recompense, tip 駄 菓 子 dagashi cheap candy 駄 作 dasaku poor work, worthless stuff 無 駄 muda futile, useless, in vain 下 駄 geta geta, Japanese wooden clogs KI horse riding; (counter for horsemen) 騎 手 kishu rider, jockey 騎 士 kishi rider, horseman 騎 兵 kihei cavalry soldier 騎 馬 kiba on horseback, mounted 一 騎 打 ち ikkiuchi single combat, man-to-man fight 椅 子 isu chair, seat, couch 車 椅 子 kurumaisu wheelchair KU, ka(keru) gallop, run, rush ka(ru) drive, spur on 先 駆 senku forerunner, pioneer O 駆 逐 kuchiku drive away, expel, get rid of 駆 除 kujo exterminate /78 0 後 輪 駆 動 (kōrin) kudō (rear) drive 駆 け 回 る kakemawaru run around , , 03 4 ϧ , I chair a4.5 ر 驅 050 0a5.5 e ^ / س 05 6f0. ú /66 78 ௩ koma colt; chessman, piece (in board games) 手 駒 tegoma captured shōgi piece (kept in reserve) 駒 鳥 komadori Japanese robin 駒 込 Komagome (area of Tōkyō) 駒 場 Komaba (area of Tōkyō) TOKU serious; cordial 危 篤 kitoku critically ill 篤 行 tokkō good deed, act of charity 篤 志 家 tokushika benefactor, volunteer 篤 農 家 tokunōka exemplary farmer 篤 学 tokugaku love of learning, diligence in studies , ,

366 ຕ ୟ ഖ ୠ ୡ 05 5g0. è / a8.6 Y } / 溪 054 3a8.7 Y Ä } / BA, nonoshi(ru) speak ill of, revile 759 罵 声 basei jeers, boos, hisses 罵 倒 batō denunciation, condemnation, severe criticism 罵 言 bagen abuse, revilement, invective 罵 詈 bari abuse, vilification 584, 66 罵 詈 雑 言 bari zōgon abusive language KEI mountan stream, gorge 渓 谷 keikoku ravine, gorge, valley 渓 流 keiryū mountain stream, torrent 雪 渓 sekkei snowy valley/ravine 渓 間 keikan ravine; in the valley IN lewd, indecent; excessive mida(ra) lewd, obscene inbai prostitution inwai indecent, obscene kan'in illicit sexual intercourse, adultery, fornication 淫売 淫猥 姦淫 Ћ 055 7a5.0 ù e K /67 4 SHŌ, mikotonori imperial edict 大 詔 taishō imperial rescript 詔 書 shōsho imperial edict/rescript ऎ 056 g7. K t e /8 4 4 ଣ敕 057 4f4. Ä ± _ / c4. v Ä CHOKU imperial decree 67 勅 語 chokugo imperial message, speech from the throne 587 勅 命 chokumei imperial order/commission 055 詔 勅 shōchoku imperial proclamation 33 勅 使 chokushi imperial messenger/envoy JI imperial seal 国 璽 kokuji great seal, seal of state 御 璽 gyoji imperial/privy seal 玉 璽 gyokuji imperial seal 璽 書 jisho document with the imperial seal Ō flourishing 旺 盛 ōsei flourishing, in prime condition 旺 然 ōzen flourishing /4 46 ѭ 364

367 ୦ 059 0a.7 O 34 SŌ, sawa(yaka) refreshing, clear 爽 快 sōkai thrilling, exhilarating 颯 爽 sassō dashing, smart, elegant 498 BOKU I, me (in masculine speech); manservant 従 僕 jūboku servant, attendant 家 僕 kaboku manservant 僕 ら bokura we (in masculine speech) ਣ 060 a. A Ä _ / ෆ 06 a8.5 A v /3 4 ore I, me (used by men) 俺 様 oresama I 俺 た ち oretachi we ҁ 06 3c. d Ä _ / a8. A ë / a3. A q / o9.4 q ö /36 64 ວ 0 BOKU hit, strike 059, 643 打 撲 傷 dabokushō bruise, contusion 4 撲 滅 bokumetsu eradication, extermination 46 相 撲 sumō sumo wrestling 46, 65 相 撲 取り sumōtori sumo wrestler 大 相 撲 ōzumō grand sumo tournament; exciting bout 6, 46 HYŌ, tawara straw bag/sack 土 俵 dohyō sandbag; sumo ring 米 俵 komedawara straw rice-sack; bag of/for rice 炭 俵 sumidawara sack for charcoal 一 俵 ippyō one bag/sack SEN hermit, wizard 仙 人 sennin mountain wizard; hermit, settler 仙 女 sennyo fairy, nymph 酒 仙 shusen heavy drinker 水 仙 suisen narcissus 仙 台 Sendai (city in Tōhoku) arashi storm, tempest 大 嵐 ōarashi big storm 雪 嵐 yukiarashi snowstorm Kyōto) 砂 嵐 sunaarashi sandstorm 嵐 山 Arashiyama, Ranzan (hill in the western section of 五 十 嵐 Igarashi (familiy name) ,

368 ୧ ୨ ୩ ୪ ୫ 066 a. A Ç É / GŌ be proud 傲 慢 gōman proud, arrogant, haughty 傲 慢 無 礼 gōman-burei arrogant and insolent 傲 然 た る gōzentaru proud, arrogant, haughty , 93, q9.4 U ó E / ௯ 069 ѧ 070 0a3.7 ~ r. s [ /40 ࡓ 07 3b5.4 b ] _ / 4 6 SON humble; inferior kenson modesty, humility 80 謙 fuson arrogant, presumptuous presumptuous 94 不 gōgan-fuson arrogant, insolent, 066, 595, 94 傲岸不 色 な い sonshokunai compare farorably, stand comparison with 04 TOTSU convex, protrusion, bulge 凸 レ ン ズ totsurenzu convex lens 74 凸 面 totsumen convex (surface) 00 両 凸 ryōtotsu biconvex 凸 版 印 刷 toppan (insatsu) letter(press), relief (printing) 089, 086, 087 Ō concave, indentation, depression 凹 凸 ōtotsu, dekoboko bumps and depressions, uneven, jagged, rough , 88 凹 面 鏡 ōmenkyō concave mirror 凹 レ ン ズ ōrenzu concave lens SUN short, small; measure; (unit of length, about 3 cm) 寸 法 sunpō measurements; plan 寸 評 sunpyō brief comment 寸 暇 sunka a moment's leisure, spare moments 寸 前 sunzen immediately/right before 寸 断 sundan cut/tear to pieces SHAKU (unit of length, about 30 cm); measure, length 尺 貫 法 shakkanhō old Japanese system of weights and measures 936, 3 56 巻 き 尺 makijaku tape measure, surveying tape 6 縮 尺 shukushaku reduced scale (map) 0 尺 八 shakuhachi Japanese end-blown bamboo flute tsubo (unit of area, about 3.3 square meter) 坪 数 tsubosū number of tsubo, area 延 べ 坪 数 nobetsubo(sū) total area (of all floors) 建 坪 tatetsubo floor space/area 坪 二 万 円 tsubo niman en 0,000 yen per tsubo 坪 当 たり tsuboatari per tsubo , , 6, 3 77

369 ୬ ୭ ୮ ୯ ୵ ୶ 073 0a4.3 KIN (unit of weight, about 600 g); ax 一 斤 ikkin one kin 斤 量 kinryō weight a a4.7 O [ SHŌ (unit of volume,.8 liters) masu measure; (square, wooden) measuring cup; box (seat); square, box 一 升 isshō one shō, 7 一 升 瓶 isshōbin.8-liter bottle 55 升 目 masume square box TO (unit of volume, 8 liters) 一 斗 itto one to 斗 酒 toshu kegs of sakè 北 斗 七 星 hokuto(shichi)sei the Big Dipper 56 73, 9, 743 ஒ 076 p7. Î v b / f5.5 ì N ^ /58 RIN (old unit of currency, /000 yen), (unit of length, about 0.3 mm) 3, 659, 7 二 銭 五 厘 nisen gorin sen 5 rin,.5 sen 一 分 一 厘 ichibu ichirin bu rin,. bu; some, little, slight, 38, 87 厘 毛 rinmō a trifle; unimportant, insignificant une ridge (between furrows); rib (in fabric) 畝 間 unema space between ridges, furrow 畝 織 uneori rep, ribbed fabric ক畆 078 4a6. t ã /4 5 SAN crosspiece, frame; beam, spar; bolt (of a door) 桟 橋 sanbashi wharf, jetty sankyō wharf; bridge 桟 道 sandō plank bridge 49 waku frame, framework; limit, confines; spool 窓 枠 madowaku window frame 枠 内 wakunai within the limits 枠 組 wakugumi frame, framework; framing ߐ棧 079 4a4.9 t O /4 367

370 ୷ උ ཨ ජ 080 4a8.0 t u /4 43 ળ 08 3k3. m ] /3 4 Ё 08 3k8.8 tana shelf 本 棚 hondana bookshelf 戸 棚 todana cupboard 棚 上 げ tanaage put on the shelf, shelve 大 陸 棚 tairikudana continental shelf 棚 卸 tanaoroshi inventory, stock taking , imo potato じゃ が 芋 jagaimo (white) potato 焼 き 芋 yakiimo baked sweet potato 里 芋 satoimo taro 芋 掘り imohori potato-digging 薩 摩 芋 satsumaimo sweet potato I, na(eru) wither, droop 萎 縮 ishuku wither, atrophy; be dispirited 6 SHIN, takigi firewood 薪 水 shinsui firewood and water 薪 炭 shintan firewood and charcoal, fuel 47 m ê g / ϯ 083 3k3.3 m é t / k4. m á SHIN pith of a rush; inner part 鉛 筆 の 芯 enpitsu no shin lead (of a pencil) ろうそくの 芯 rōsoku no shin wick (of a candle) 73, 30 / k. m É } / k5.7 m ó ö /3 6 HEI cover, conceal 899 遮 蔽 shahei cover, shelter, shield, screen 887 隠 蔽 inpei conceal, suppress, cover up 隠 蔽 色 inpeishoku concealing coloration (with animals) 887, 04 KEN, mayu cocoon 繭 糸 kenshi cocoon and (silk) thread; silk thread 繭 玉 mayudama (type of New Year's decoration)

371 മ 087 3k5.3 m u w / b3.4 TŌ, fuji wisteria 藤 色 fuji-iro light purple, lilac, lavender 佐 藤 Satō (surname) 伊 藤 Itō (surname) 藤 田 Fujita (surname) 藤 沢 Fujisawa (city, Kanagawa Pref.) JŌ soil 土 壌 dojō soil b ë m / 57 3 ठ壤 089 3b9. b m / 3 4 Ե 090 3c5.9 d t /3 4 ෮ 09 3c7.5 d b A /3 KAN, ta(eru) endure, withstand 堪 忍 kannin patience, forbearance; forgiveness 堪 弁 kanben pardon, forgive 堪 え 忍 ぶ taeshinobu bear patiently 堪 え か ね る taekaneru cannot bear MATSU pulverize; powder 抹 殺 massatsu expunge; deny; ignore 抹 消 masshō erase, cross out 一 抹 ichimatsu a tinge of 抹 茶 matcha 抹 香 makkō incense powder, incense ZA sprain, dislocate 挫 傷 zashō sprain, wrench 挫 折 zasetsu setback, fail, failure ݾ 09 3c9.0 d m e /3 3 4 TŌ board/load (a vehicle) 搭 乗 tōjō board, get on 搭 乗 券 tōjōken boarding pass 搭 載 tōsai load, embark 53 53, ர 093 3c5. d e K /3 4 KAI kidnap 誘 拐 yūkai kidnap 拐 帯 kaitai abscond with money 8 ӈ

372 ല ར ས 094 3c8.5 d á A /3 5 3 NEN twist; pinch 捻 挫 nenza sprain, wrench 腸 捻 転 chōnenten twist in the intestines, volvulus 捻 出 nenshutsu contrive, work out, raise (money) , ల 095 3c.8 d é O /3 54 SHI grab, grasp 真 摯 shinshi ernest, sincere 摯 実 shijitsu ernest, sincere ዧ 096 3c7.0 d } P /3 35 CHOKU make progress/headway, make great strides 443 進 捗 shinchoku progress, advance 443, 636, 869 進 捗 状 況 shinchoku jōkyō state of progress 3 ତ 097 3d0.3 e m /4 3 SHI heir 嗣 子 shishi heir 後 嗣 kōshi heir ߥ 098 3d4. KAKU threaten, menace 威 嚇 ikaku threat, menace 4 CHŌ mockery azake(ru) ridicule 嘲 笑 chōshō scornful laugh, derisive smile, ridicule 嘲 弄 chōrō ridicule 自 嘲 jichō self-scorn e b _ /4 6 Ӯ 099 3d. e v u / d9.5 e u A / YU compare, liken 比 喩 hiyu simile, metaphor, allegory 比 喩 的 hiyuteki figurative 直 喩 chokuyu simile 引 喩 in'yu allusion ,

373 0 07 ஃ ඓ ஆ ฆ இ 0 3d8.8 e v ^ /4 4 5 KATSU scold 恐 喝 kyōkatsu threaten, blackmail 喝 破 kappa declare, proclaim 喝 采 kassai applause, cheers Ԏ 0 7a8.6 ù v ^ / ETSU audience (with someone) 謁 見 ekken have an audience (with) 拝 謁 haietsu have an audience (with) 謁 す る essuru have an audience (with) ч 03 3k9. KATSU, kuzu kudzu (trailing vine) 葛 藤 kattō entanglements, discord, conflict 087 m v ^ /3 4 5 Ԕ 04 4b6.6 CHIN (imperial) we 朕 思うに Chin omou ni We, the emperor, think: 99 u _ / ଦ 05 5g. î } / ࡖ 06 4b9. u ü / a7. A ^ / SHAKU peerage, court rank 男 爵 danshaku baron 公 爵 kōshaku prince, duke 伯 爵 hakushaku count, earl 爵 位 shakui peerage, court rank 授 爵 jushaku elevate to the peerage, create a peer SHU tumor, swelling ha(reru) swell, become swollen ha(rasu) cause to swell, inflame 腫 瘍 shuyō swelling, boil 癌 腫 ganshu cancer tumor, carcinoma 水 腫 suishu dropsy; edema KŌ marquis 王 侯 ōkō royalty 諸 侯 shokō feudal lords 侯 爵 kōshaku marquis ۳

374 08 4 ஈ உ ௱ ஊ 08 3d9.6 e A / ۿ 09 3d4.5 e ^ / a5.5 KŌ, nodo throat 87 咽 喉 inkō throat 耳 鼻 咽 喉 科 jibiinkōka ear, nose, and throat specialty 56, 83, 87, 喉 頭 kōtō larynx 59 喉 仏 nodobotoke Adam's apple KYŌ, ta(meru) straighten, correct 75 矯 正 kyōsei correct, reform 056 矯 激 kyōgeki radical, extreme 444 奇 矯 kikyō eccentric conduct 矯 め 直 す tamenaosu set up again, correct, reform, cure 49 ka(tsu) and, furthermore 且 つ 又 katsumata and 700 v /4 ԗ 4c. v 4 0 TAN, DAN morning, dawn 元 旦 gantan New Year s Day 一 旦 ittan once 旦 那 様 danna(-sama) master, husband, gentleman 37 86, 407 a5.4 tada(shi) but, however, provided 但 し 書 き tadashigaki proviso 3 A v /3 4 ફ 3 a9.5 A û P / c7.0 v m TEI spy, investigate 544 探 偵 tantei detective 探 偵 小 説 tantei shōsetsu detective story, whodunit 544, 7, 偵 察 teisatsu reconnaissance 84 内 偵 naitei scouting; private inquiry SŌ officer; comrade 法 曹 hōsō the legal profession; lawyer 法 曹 界 hōsōkai legal circles, the bench and bar /4 3 ਯ , 46

375 5 எ ஏ ஐ ஒ ஓ 5 o8.6 Ō old man 老 翁 rōō old man 55 R ` / Ѳ 6 3e8.9 g Y Î / e.5 g e N /5 4 ૭ 8 3e. g L /5 9 BA old woman 老 婆 rōba old woman 産 婆 sanba midwife お 転 婆 otenba tomboy 塔 婆 tōba wooden grave tablet CHAKU legitimate (wife, child, heir) 嫡 出 子 chaku(shutsu)shi legitimate child 嫡 嗣 chakushi legitimate heir 嫡 流 chakuryū lineage of the eldest son 嫡 男 chakunan eldest son, heir, legitimate son 嫡 孫 chakuson eldest son of one's son and heir DO servant, slave; fellow 守 銭 奴 shusendo miser 農 奴 nōdo serf 売 国 奴 baikokudo traitor , , , e. y b /45 39 隸 0 3f6. h s / REI servant, slave, prisoner 奴 隷 dorei slave 隷 従 reijū slavery 隷 属 reizoku be subordinate (to) 隷 書 reisho (ancient squared style of kanji) SUI leading troops 元 帥 gensui field marshal, admiral 総 帥 sōsui commander in chief 統 帥 tōsui supreme/high command ॴ 0a4.35 O 0 TON barracks 駐 屯 chūton be stationed 駐 屯 地 chūtonchi military post , 8

376 8 ༳ ஔ க ฐ ཛྷ 9a4. æ O / q7.5 U h Î /9 6 8 遞 4 q.8 U ~ / TON sudden halt; stumble; be in order 頓 死 tonshi sudden death 頓 知 tonchi ready/quick wit 頓 着 tonchaku be mindful (of), care, heed 無 頓 着 mutonchaku indifferent/unattentive to 整 頓 seiton in proper order, neat TEI successive; relay, send 逓 信 teishin communications 逓 送 teisō convey, send by mail, forward 逓 減 teigen successive diminution 逓 増 teizō gradual increase , JUN follow, obey 遵 守 junshu obey, comply with 遵 奉 junpō observe, adhere to, abide by 遵 法 junpō law abiding; work-to-rule (tactics) GAI body 骸 骨 gaikotsu skeleton 死 骸 shigai corpse 遺 骸 igai one s remains, corpse 残 骸 zangai remains, corpse, wreckage GAI investigate, prosecute 弾 劾 dangai impeachment b.7 u N /43 0 ӥ 6 g6. K N ` /8 7 Ә 7 g6.3 K O E /8 6 BOTSU sudden; active 勃 発 boppatsu outbreak, sudden occurrence 勃 興 bokkō sudden rise to power 勃 起 bokki an erection t6. O L /0 9 Ѱ毆 Ō, nagu(ru) beat, hit, strike 殴 打 ōda assault (and battery) 殴り殺 す nagurikorosu beat to death, strike dead 殴り付 け る naguritsukeru strike, beat, thrash 殴り込 み nagurikomi an attack, raid ぶ ん 殴 る bunnaguru give a good whaling/thrashing

377 9 35 ங ச ஜ ม 9 osore fear, concern, risk m. Î e O 8 4 ض 30 5i7.8 ñ e _ / d8.3 G é e / ౧ 3 3a5.3 Y ï / f5. ú ï / ᛓ 34 5f5. ì O _ /58 TŌ smallpox 種 痘 shutō vaccination 痘 苗 tōbyō vaccine 天 然 痘 tennentō smallpox 水 痘 suitō chickenpox , 66 BAI follow, accompany, attend on 陪 審 baishin jury 陪 審 員 baishin in member of the jury, juror 陪 席 baiseki sitting as an associate (judge) 陪 食 baishoku dining with a superior RAN overflow; excessive, indiscriminate 濫 用 ran'yō abuse, misuse, misappropriation 濫 費 ranpi waste, extravagance 濫 作 ransaku overproduction 濫 伐 ranbatsu reckless deforestation 濫 獲 rankaku overfishing, overhunting RAN basket ai indigo (plant, color) 揺 籃 yōran cradle 揺 籃 期 yōranki infancy 伽 藍 garan Buddhist temple, monastery 藍 色 aiiro indigo blue, deep blue 藍 染 め aizome indigo-dyeing 76 76, HAN rice-paddy ridge, levee 湖 畔 kohan lakeshore 河 畔 kahan riverside BŌ form, appearance 全 貌 zenbō the full picture/story 容 貌 yōbō looks, personal appearance 美 貌 bibō good looks 変 貌 henbō transformation c0.6 v i _ /

378 36 4 ཟ 36 3a.3 HAN spread out 氾 濫 hanran flooding, inundation 3 Y G / 7 ತ 37 4 The following five characters 37 to 4 used to be among the,945 officially recognized list of Jōyō Kanji. But when the list was revised in 00, these characters were dropped and other characters were added, raising the count to,36 characters. ୱ ୲ ୳ ୴ அ 37 monme (unit of weigth, about 3.75 g) 0a4.38 ^ O a3.5 SHAKU (unit of volume, about 8 ml) ^ [ 5 ࡒ 39 8a8. ß b m /7 SUI spindle; plumb bob, sinker tsumu spindle 紡 錘 bōsui spindle 錘 状 suijō spindle-shaped ॿ 40 8a6.6 SEN pig iron 銑 鉄 sentetsu pig iron 3 CHŌ swell 膨 脹 bōchō expansion 98 ß b _ / b8. u ë P / ଘ 376

379 Index by Radicals 377

380 Radicals 0a f 0 ACEGHI 0a 一 乙 07 二 3 入 5 丁 84 七 9 九 3 三 4 川 33 乞 00 勺 38 工 39 久 73 万 6 乏 767 己 37 夕 8 寸 070 大 6 刃 50 与 548 及 38 丈 408 才 560 丸 不 94 斤 073 元 37 幻 9 匂 730 勾 734 爪 30 予 397 互 99 斗 075 太 639 凶 354 天 4 内 84 氏 575 五 7 牙 548 夫 35 升 074 毛 87 丹 44 屯 匁 37 中 8 弔 934 井 55 5 以 46 北 73 矛 787 巧 737 包 89 瓦 6 丘 44 凸 068 凹 069 且 0 必 59 斥 490 矢 3 左 75 丙 08 出 53 民 77 半 88 本 5 末 305 未 306 失 3 生 44 弁 74 甘 59 央 35 甲 06 由 364 母 世 5 史 33 申 309 丼 56 冊 3 6 臼 896 多 9 死 85 気 34 両 00 朱 60 年 45 西 7 吏 044 毎 6 再 796 曲 良 3 身 59 来 69 承 97 束 50 里 4 我 38 更 045 串 394 亜 74 寿 65 8 非 507 長 95 表 7 画 343 果 496 東 7 垂 7 奉 643 毒 53 事 80 9 飛 539 発 96 衷 79 甚 600 巻 56 専 60 奏 646 重 7 乗 53 0 既 55 殊 604 射 9 残 66 耗 60 耕 59 疎 65 野 36 爽 059 粛 8 3 業 79 5 舞 89 a A 0 人 仏 59 化 54 仁 77 介 460 今 5 3 仙 064 仕 333 代 56 他 0 付 9 令 伏 439 休 60 件 745 伐 60 仲 430 任 334 仰 099 伎 890 伝 440 仮 09 全 89 企 490 合 59 会 58 肉 3 5 位 伸 60 伴 066 体 6 伯 34 佐 867 作 36 似 583 但 低 570 住 56 何 39 伺 89 余 09 含 37 6 依 69 使 33 価 47 例 6 佳 557 侍 580 供 97 併 8 侮 858 舎 805 念 588 命 信 57 促 659 便 330 係 93 俊 997 保 498 侶 397 侵 5 俗 78 侯 07 8 倒 97 倣 908 俳 076 候 974 修 975 倍 87 俸 644 俵 063 借 780 俺 06 倹 899 倫 0 値 43 健 94 個 005 倉 偶 75 偽 58 側 69 停 44 偵 3 偏 4 貪 837 斜 6 0 備 78 偉 096 傍 4 傘 804 僅 35 働 3 傲 066 傾 533 傑 849 僧 453 傷 643 債 70 催 399 僕 060 僚 406 像 儀 740 億 儒 優 074 償 003 b C 4 次 385 壮 409 兆 665 羽 状 636 冷 85 冶 96 求 准 96 凍 68 将 637 凄 凝 69 c E 0 子 03 了 97 孔 存 69 6 孤 孫 93 d G 4 防 5 阪 450 那 86 邦 85 5 阻 35 附 995 邪 55 邸 57 6 限 866 郎 04 郊 陣 493 陛 599 降 977 院 64 除 陥 8 郡 93 郭 陳 494 陪 3 陸 657 陵 996 隆 976 陰 886 険 54 随 864 陶 763 郵 533 都 88 郷 874 部 86 9 隅 753 陽 640 階 597 隊 隔 696 隙 際 68 障 877 隠 隣 88 e H 4 印 即 47 卵 03 却 95 7 卸 70 f I 0 刀 37 刈

381 IKL M N OPQRÎ U X 切 39 3 刊 594 召 03 4 州 95 刑 908 列 6 5 判 065 別 67 6 制 433 刺 90 到 96 刻 74 刹 87 刷 087 券 55 7 削 78 契 剖 979 剥 79 剣 900 剤 559 剛 77 帰 37 9 剰 5 副 77 0 割 58 創 劇 8 g K 0 力 00 3 加 7 功 837 幼 93 5 助 633 励 43 努 70 6 劾 6 効 835 勃 7 7 勅 056 勇 脅 動 3 勘 60 0 勤 568 勧 094 勢 656 h L 0 又 700 双 70 収 770 友 64 3 皮 叔 78 受 60 7 叙 4 8 桑 035 i M 冗 7 3 写 軍 444 冠 73 8 冥 5 彙 637 j N 亡 684 六 8 文 片 市 8 玄 89 4 交 4 充 847 妄 享 787 忘 46 対 夜 479 卒 80 京 89 育 46 斉 574 盲 46 版 帝 37 変 57 哀 790 亭 43 8 衰 79 恋 58 高 90 畜 87 9 率 80 斎 575 商 48 0 蛮 044 裏 73 棄 993 豪 褒 88 k O 0 十 干 593 千 5 支 38 午 49 3 古 7 平 0 4 孝 55 考 550 老 55 缶 76 5 克 協 34 直 49 阜 448 奔 南 74 8 真 48 索 04 0 博 6 準 79 m P 上 3 3 Y 下 3 止 外 83 占 8 正 75 比 8 6 卓 794 虎 貞 796 点 69 虐 虚 678 虞 9 虜 473 疑 67 3 膚 343 慮 47 n Q 4 色 04 争 30 危 角 48 6 免 負 59 急 勉 亀 象 75 o R 0 八 0 分 38 公 6 父 3 4 羊 88 5 弟 409 谷 664 兵 798 呉 56 6 並 典 首 48 前 47 美 405 盆 50 8 兼 9 差 669 益 79 翁 5 釜 3 9 曽 450 羞 806 貧 766 瓶 7 0 着 668 善 9 尊 77 普 3 慈 649 煎 933 義 9 羨 94 3 養 興 翼 07 p 反 34 厄 44 3 圧 45 4 灰 46 6 厚 厘 原 36 辱 860 農 370 暦 635 歴 489 q U 辺 789 込 巡 79 迅 廷 63 Radicals f 3a 近 45 迎 098 返 迭 608 述 000 延 67 迫 33 6 迷 998 建 93 退 865 追 3 逃 669 逆 45 送 連 446 速 5 逓 3 逐 86 逝 485 透 800 造 704 途 0 通 50 8 進 443 逮 9 遊 040 逸 747 週 9 9 遇 754 達 455 運 445 遂 85 道 49 遍 5 遅 75 過 49 0 遣 遠 453 違 833 遭 756 適 4 遮 遷 943 選 84 遺 30 遵 4 3 避 590 還 885 r 円 3 3 用 07 4 同 98 6 周 9 岡 耐 504 s X 凡 53 7 風 9 段 363 t 区 83 巨 368 匹 匠 443 臣 医 0 6 殴 8 8 匿 臨 855 3a Y 0 水 永 70 氷 69 汁 930 氾 36 3 池 9 汚 706 汗 47 江 840 汎

382 Radicals 3a 3e Ybdeg 4 沖 49 決 357 汰 06 沈 964 沃 885 沙 05 没 963 汽 35 沢 03 5 泣 300 沸 98 油 365 波 677 泌 03 泳 7 泊 35 注 358 泡 895 法 3 況 869 沿 74 沼 033 治 50 泥 79 河 39 泉 53 泰 津 679 浅 660 浮 968 洗 705 洪 55 活 37 浄 675 洋 89 海 7 派 934 洞 酒 56 浦 534 浪 877 浜 799 流 47 消 864 浸 6 浴 80 涙 淑 783 渇 73 混 83 淡 40 渓 053 淫 054 清 67 渋 809 渉 438 深 545 添 53 液 480 済 558 涼 67 涯 測 60 湖 475 港 680 湾 68 温 644 湿 6 湯 64 満 0 滋 65 湧 475 渡 379 渦 949 減 78 0 溺 966 滑 34 滝 887 溝 050 滞 995 溶 48 漢 565 漠 56 源 589 滅 4 漁 7 漸 489 漂 946 漆 648 漫 500 漬 99 演 344 滴 539 漏 945 潮 476 潜 967 潟 736 潔 307 澄 47 潰 9 潤 66 3 激 056 濃 987 濁 濯 濫 3 6 瀬 64 3b b 0 土 4 去 40 3 地 8 寺 4 至 94 先 50 在 68 4 坊 04 坑 7 坂 449 均 80 走 435 赤 07 5 坪 07 幸 城 733 垣 350 型 909 封 558 赴 埋 975 起 堆 749 域 00 培 977 埼 446 堀 94 基 457 堕 865 執 堪 089 場 54 堤 699 塔 99 塚 875 塀 944 堅 363 報 698 超 037 喪 塊 65 塩 5 塡 90 塾 789 塑 988 塗 毀 897 境 883 増 75 墨 8 墜 84 墳 776 舗 壊 496 壌 088 壇 990 墾 88 壁 587 3c d 0 手 57 払 59 打 扱 39 4 扶 839 把 84 折 483 抜 830 抄 08 抑 00 批 068 抗 843 技 89 投 060 択 拓 983 拉 30 拝 64 押 0 抽 0 抹 090 拙 939 披 89 拍 36 抱 359 抵 569 担 348 拐 093 招 46 拡 65 拠 90 拘 938 拒 挟 437 拷 838 挑 667 持 458 括 33 拶 0 拾 538 指 08 拭 07 拳 87 7 捉 660 挿 765 捕 9 捜 06 捗 096 挨 0 振 984 挫 09 8 推 97 掛 559 排 077 接 495 控 835 掲 733 採 960 授 6 探 544 措 63 描 566 掃 8 捻 094 捨 537 掘 94 据 98 9 提 638 揚 64 援 39 揺 76 搭 09 揮 766 換 693 握 83 0 搬 840 携 80 摂 808 搾 596 損 35 摘 540 撃 054 摯 095 撲 06 撤 5 撮 6 3 操 769 擁 83 4 擬 68 擦 60 3d e 0 口 54 叱 33 兄 40 号 66 台 50 可 390 句 337 司 86 右 76 3 吐 3 叫 3 吸 37 舌 33 向 99 后 7 名 8 4 吹 36 吟 38 呈 697 呂 396 告 703 否 36 乱 70 豆 988 君 味 307 呼 35 呪 34 知 4 奇 咲 95 咽 87 品 30 7 唄 396 哺 535 唆 998 員 63 唇 859 哲 唯 98 唾 9 喝 0 唱 759 啓 喉 08 喫 306 喩 00 喚 694 就 96 登 99 短 5 尋 3 0 嗅 3 嘆 33 嗣 097 群 808 豊 989 鳴 948 嘲 099 噴 774 嘱 75 器 嚇 098 矯 09 6 艶 990 3e g 0 女 0 好 04 奴 8 3 如 870 妃 88 4 妨 4 妊 985 妖 884 妙 09 妥 妬 956 姓 869 妹 4 380

383 ghij kl m n o q r à s Radicals 3e 3r 姉 4 始 503 妻 68 6 姻 87 姿 953 要 45 7 娘 876 娯 57 娠 986 姫 88 8 婚 576 婦 36 婆 6 9 媒 595 婿 868 媛 嫁 873 嫌 803 嫉 955 嫡 7 3 嬢 986 3f h 0 巾 687 布 帆 54 4 希 帥 0 7 帯 994 師 45 8 帳 59 9 帽 57 幅 467 幣 93 3g i 0 犬 80 犯 狂 狙 36 6 独 9 狭 436 狩 猛 猫 567 猟 猶 689 献 猿 690 獄 905 獣 獲 39 3h j 0 弓 引 6 5 弦 90 弥 0 6 弧 弱 8 8 張 58 強 7 9 弾 64 3i k 3 行 68 4 役 彼 00 征 66 径 57 往 律 678 待 459 後 48 7 徒 436 徐 3 従 術 87 得 御 7 街 86 復 939 循 微 508 徴 509 徳 079 衝 904 徹 5 3 衡 69 衛 834 3j l 4 形 参 73 8 彩 959 彫 0 9 須 53 彰 976 髪 0 影 873 3k m 芝 50 3 芋 08 共 96 4 芳 907 芯 084 花 55 芸 44 5 苗 565 英 354 茂 563 芽 549 若 553 茎 57 苦 554 昔 778 苛 革 3 茨 955 荘 40 草 49 荒 464 茶 5 7 華 荷 393 恭 54 8 菓 636 著 878 黄 794 萎 08 菜 958 菊 483 菌 85 9 落 858 葬 83 蒸 973 葉 53 葛 03 募 59 0 夢 830 蓋 86 蓄 88 墓 58 幕 5 靴 4 蔑 564 慕 50 暮 57 蔽 085 蔵 薪 083 薄 54 薬 360 薫 906 薦 74 5 藤 087 藩 470 繭 藻 77 3m n 字 0 穴 9 3 安 05 守 499 宇 07 宅 78 4 究 97 完 63 5 宗 66 宝 96 実 03 宙 08 官 36 宜 37 定 356 宛 374 突 90 空 40 6 宣 635 客 65 室 66 窃 家 65 宰 586 宴 650 害 57 宮 734 案 06 宵 00 容 寂 784 宿 79 密 8 窓 7 寄 445 窒 寒 464 富 76 0 寝 7 塞 465 寛 093 窟 943 寡 007 察 69 蜜 83 寧 50 審 47 寮 405 賓 008 窮 99 窯 95 3 憲 530 3n o 0 小 7 少 44 3 光 38 当 77 劣 03 4 肖 863 学 09 労 33 乳 尚 009 歩 栄 736 単 300 県 94 7 挙 85 党 巣 640 蛍 043 常 506 堂 営 735 覚 65 掌 誉 86 奨 45 賞 厳 84 3o q 0 山 34 4 岐 89 5 岬 449 岩 48 岸 595 岳 44 6 峡 435 峠 434 炭 47 幽 9 7 峰 433 島 86 8 崎 447 崩 74 崇 53 崖 嵐 065 3p r 0 士 58 3 吉 94 4 志 58 壱 848 売 39 声 殻 喜 96 0 鼓 00 3q à 広 707 庁 床 845 応 846 序 府 53 底 57 店 68 6 度 378 庭 64 7 庫 844 座 800 唐 83 席 康 96 庸 8 麻 630 廊 05 鹿 038 庶 廃 99 0 廉 804 腐 3 摩 63 慶 74 3 磨 63 6 麗 魔 69 3r s 尺 07 尻 09 尼 78 3 尽

384 Radicals 3r 4i s 4 tuvwyäåçé 4 尿 030 尾 08 局 70 5 届 09 屈 940 居 7 6 屋 67 7 展 8 9 属 殿 8 層 454 履 745 3s 囚 58 四 6 3 回 90 因 563 団 困 567 囲 57 図 国 40 固 面 74 9 圏 57 0 園 454 4a t 0 木 札 朴 56 机 384 朽 杉 033 材 56 村 9 4 林 7 枚 枕 965 杯 0 析 48 松 709 枝 889 枠 079 板 090 枢 06 采 相 46 柵 330 柄 09 柱 608 柳 03 柿 034 枯 007 栃 036 査 634 某 593 柔 788 染 793 架 桟 078 株 754 根 34 桁 69 桃 670 桜 95 格 653 核 75 校 5 栓 993 梅 856 殺 梗 047 械 538 梨 95 8 椎 748 棟 495 棚 080 極 336 棋 985 棒 645 棺 974 椅 048 検 540 植 430 森 8 9 楼 99 楷 598 楽 概 553 構 048 模 54 様 407 槽 757 標 945 横 795 権 335 機 537 樹 97 橋 麓 欄 65 5 鬱 764 4b u 0 月 7 肌 385 有 65 3 肝 346 肘 肪 03 肥 84 服 696 肢 99 股 055 青 08 肯 胞 358 胆 347 肺 35 胎 37 背 脇 336 朕 04 脂 083 脈 935 胸 357 胴 379 朗 878 脊 339 骨 340 能 豚 80 脚 96 脳 35 脱 脹 4 勝 58 腕 376 期 456 朝 腫 06 腰 373 腹 345 腺 54 腸 344 腎 膜 55 静 674 膝 97 膨 98 膳 93 骸 5 3 謄 9 臆 髄 臓 36 覇 騰 9 4c v 0 日 5 旧 79 旦 白 05 早 48 旨 08 百 4 旬 児 80 4 明 8 旺 058 昇 909 易 77 昆 037 的 0 者 64 5 映 353 昧 43 昨 36 昭 034 冒 56 星 743 是 698 春 468 皆 596 昼 時 4 書 3 殉 曹 4 習 60 乾 49 8 暁 77 晴 673 晩 749 暑 648 晶 758 景 87 量 47 最 63 替 暇 0 暗 348 暖 645 幹 48 0 貌 35 暴 05 暫 488 曇 曖 44 4 曜 9 韓 50 覆 響 875 4d w 0 火 0 灯 46 3 災 48 4 炊 97 炉 96 炎 49 5 畑 36 為 58 6 烈 44 7 黒 06 8 焼 94 無 93 煮 93 然 66 9 煩 005 煙 94 照 熟 700 熊 389 勲 905 熱 655 黙 684 燃 燥 爆 053 4e y 0 示 65 礼 社 308 奈 祉 479 祈 63 5 神 30 祖 63 祝 祥 68 票 944 祭 67 尉 75 7 視 66 8 禁 49 9 福 466 禅 64 禍 948 隷 9 4f Ä 0 王 94 玉 95 主 55 3 弄 玩 珍 78 皇 97 6 珠 603 班 理 43 球 739 現 98 望 斑 469 琴 39 9 聖 瑠 605 璃 環 884 璧 璽 057 4g Å 0 牛 8 4 牧 744 物 79 5 牲 74 6 特 8 9 解 48 3 犠 74 4h Ç 0 方 70 4 放 5 5 施 04 6 旅 7 旋 04 族 0 旗 043 4i É 冬 467 処 89 3 改 53 攻 838 各 65 4 条 573 麦 70 5 政 49 故 73 6 教 45 致 95 38

385 ÉÜ á â ã 5 çéèêëì î ï ñ 6 ó 敏 救 738 赦 675 夏 469 務 35 8 散 78 敬 78 敢 数 5 0 愛 59 敷 544 敵 4 弊 94 憂 073 整 5 3 麺 30 4j Ü 0 欠 欧 06 7 欲 79 8 欺 598 款 歌 395 歓 095 4k á 0 心 97 3 忙 460 忍 503 忌 快 498 忠 43 5 性 98 怖 959 怪 573 怒 703 怨 375 怠 37 6 恨 879 恒 349 悔 855 恵 8 息 308 恐 709 恣 954 恩 悟 58 悩 353 悦 455 悪 304 患 395 悠 惧 964 惨 843 情 09 惜 779 悼 795 惑 00 悲 惰 866 慌 465 愉 705 愚 755 愁 708 想 47 感 6 0 慨 554 慎 98 慄 963 態 388 憎 45 慢 499 慣 937 慰 76 憧 853 憤 775 憬 854 憩 憾 96 憶 38 懐 497 懇 87 4 懲 50 6 懸 933 4m â 0 戸 5 3 戻 肩 337 房 303 所 53 6 扇 雇 655 扉 658 4n ã 成 6 3 戒 896 式 534 弐 威 4 武 07 6 栽 77 7 戚 越 038 幾 戦 30 歳 487 戯 679 5a ç 0 石 78 4 研 98 砂 04 砕 87 5 破 676 砲 硬 046 硫 0 硝 0 8 碁 碑 63 磁 確 63 礁 礎 66 5b é 0 立 辛 音 竜 章 876 産 78 翌 60 7 童 46 8 意 3 新 74 辞 70 9 端 507 辣 585 親 75 5 競 87 5c è 0 目 55 自 6 見 63 3 具 46 4 臭 30 看 398 省 45 盾 786 眉 85 5 眠 眼 867 眺 668 規 67 7 殖 睡 8 睦 658 督 導 76 瞳 85 暸 407 覧 瞬 850 観 64 5d ê 利 39 私 5 季 473 秀 和 4 委 秋 470 秒 07 科 30 香 秩 609 秘 84 租 33 称 0 6 移 73 7 程 43 税 稚 94 9 種 8 稲 83 穀 穂 84 稼 874 稿 7 稽 084 穏 888 積 穫 393 5e ë 0 衣 690 初 69 5 袖 04 被 009 袋 4 6 裂 43 装 4 裁 75 7 補 90 裕 裸 638 褐 73 裾 05 製 複 襟 襲 68 5f ì 0 田 35 町 8 男 0 4 胃 34 思 99 畏 960 界 46 卑 6 5 畔 34 留 774 畝 077 鬼 64 6 略 860 累 05 異 06 7 塁 80 畳 38 番 85 9 魂 66 鼻 83 0 魅 67 畿 898 奮 388 戴 08 5g î 7 買 4 8 署 879 罪 906 置 43 9 罰 罵 05 罷 09 爵 05 4 羅 07 5h ï Radicals 4i 6a 0 皿 48 血 盛 73 盗 5 7 衆 盟 監 777 盤 49 5i ñ 4 疫 40 5 疲 403 病 38 症 400 疾 痕 痢 95 痛 40 痘 30 8 痴 痩 953 瘍 958 療 癖 589 癒 707 6a ó 0 糸 4 系 級 577 糾 89 紀 373 紅 839 約 4 紡 05 純 996 紙 80 納 77 紛 88 紋 547 素 7 5 細 708 紳 6 紺

386 Radicals 6a 8b 組 44 終 466 紹 463 経 結 494 絡 859 給 346 絵 345 絞 545 統 849 絶 755 紫 絹 333 続 43 継 維 95 練 756 緒 88 綿 5 綻 08 緑 546 総 70 綱 76 網 70 9 縄 890 線 99 緩 40 縁 83 締 39 編 695 縫 43 緊 緻 06 縦 580 縛 54 緯 097 繁 367 繊 676 績 69 縮 6 繕 9 織 繰 768 6b ò 0 米 4 4 料 39 粋 85 粉 87 5 粒 86 粗 34 粘 84 釈 605 断 粧 85 奥 484 歯 精 糖 84 齢 85 糧 80 翻 606 6c ô 0 舟 45 4 航 84 般 47 5 舶 46 船 377 舷 78 6 艇 艦 779 6d ö 0 虫 虹 蚊 04 蚕 04 5 蛇 蜂 8 触 融 695 6e õ 0 耳 56 取 65 4 恥 趣 039 聴 080 職 386 6f ú 0 竹 9 4 笑 99 5 第 408 笛 568 符 54 6 筆 30 策 90 筋 4 等 578 答 60 筒 節 47 8 算 760 箋 67 管 38 箇 箸 93 範 43 箱 4 0 篤 05 築 70 簡 簿 籍 6 5 籃 33 6 籠 888 7a ù 0 言 66 計 340 訃 56 訂 託 746 討 057 記 37 訓 訪 40 óòôöõ ú 7 ùûü 8 ßÆ 許 750 訟 49 設 586 訳 訴 49 評 067 証 493 詐 597 診 77 詔 055 詠 7 詞 86 6 誠 73 詩 579 詰 95 話 38 誇 739 該 76 詳 683 詣 085 詮 994 試 誤 98 誘 799 語 67 誌 583 読 44 認 75 説 404 誕 68 誓 誰 747 課 497 諸 880 謁 0 談 603 請 67 諾 90 論 93 調 34 9 諮 90 謀 594 謡 760 諧 069 諭 706 諦 38 謎 謝 93 講 797 謹 34 謙 80 譜 4 識 694 警 79 3 譲 05 護 39 議 9 7b û 0 貝 40 則 68 3 財 56 貢 敗 50 販 09 貫 936 責 666 貨 貯 775 貼 83 費 76 貴 8 貿 773 貸 76 賀 賄 86 賂 86 賊 946 賃 764 資 賠 978 賜 980 賦 947 賛 758 質 76 賭 98 9 賢 36 0 購 049 贈 45 韻 350 7c ü 0 車 33 軌 9 3 軒 46 4 軟 9 斬 93 転 軸 03 軽 較 546 載 76 8 輪 輩 078 輝 輸 轄 45 7d 0 足 58 5 距 践 67 跳 666 路 5 跡 踊 66 8 踏 66 踪 674 蹴 96 4 躍 663 7e 3 酎 03 配 54 酌 0 4 酔 86 5 酢 07 6 酵 06 酬 04 酪 05 7 酷 88 酸 55 9 醒 0 0 醜 68 3 醸 987 8a ß 0 金 3 針 34 3 釣 00 4 鈍 鉢 969 鉄 3 鈴 97 鉛 73 鉱 7 6 銭 659 銀 33 銘 654 銑 40 銃 848 銅 7 7 鋳 653 鋭 錘 39 錬 965 錦 5 錯 6 錠 967 録 547 鍵 95 鋼 75 錮 鍛 966 鍋 鎖 968 鎮 99 鎌 30 鏡 88 鐘 鑑 778 8b Æ 0 食 3 飢 飲 33 飯 35 5 飽 893 飾

387 ƪ± 9 æ 飼 89 6 餌 776 餅 9 7 餓 38 8 館 37 8c ª 隻 雄 476 集 44 焦 雅 雌 477 雑 584 奪 難 566 離 355 8d ± 0 雨 30 3 雪 雲 646 雰 雷 98 電 08 零 97 0 μø 6 需 霊 5 震 霜 978 霧 露 98 8e 0 門 6 3 問 6 閉 40 4 閑 633 間 43 開 聞 64 閥 6 閣 856 関 40 7 閲 闇 闘 6 9a æ 頂 530 頃 53 3 項 59 順 頓 頒 006 預 398 頑 00 5 領 頼 63 頬 000 頭 76 8 頻 類 6 顎 00 顔 77 顕 7 額 857 題 願 590 Radicals 8b b 顧 656 0a 0 馬 83 4 駄 046 駅 84 駆 駐 609 駒 騎 047 験 54 騒 895 驚 90 a μ 0 魚 90 6 鮮 74 8 鯨 73 b ø 0 鳥 85 8 鶏 鶴

388

389 Index by Stroke Count

390 7 Strokes 一 乙 07 E 了 97 二 3 入 5 丁 84 七 9 九 A 人 E 子 03 I 刀 37 K 力 00 L 又 700 O 十 R 八 0 3 三 4 川 33 乞 00 勺 38 工 39 久 73 万 6 己 37 夕 8 寸 070 大 6 刃 50 与 548 及 38 丈 408 才 560 丸 654 E 孔 970 N 亡 684 O 干 593 千 5 P 上 3 下 3 X 凡 53 b 土 4 e 口 54 g 女 0 h 巾 687 j 弓 o 小 7 q 山 34 r 士 58 4 乏 767 不 94 斤 073 元 37 幻 9 匂 730 勾 734 爪 30 予 397 互 99 斗 075 太 639 凶 354 天 4 内 84 氏 575 五 7 牙 548 夫 35 升 074 毛 87 丹 44 屯 匁 37 中 8 弔 934 井 55 A 仏 59 化 54 仁 77 介 460 今 5 I 刈 356 切 39 L 双 70 収 770 友 64 M 冗 7 N 六 8 文 片 088 O 支 38 午 49 P 止 485 比 8 R 分 38 公 6 父 3 反 34 厄 44 円 3 区 83 匹 599 Y 水 d 手 57 i 犬 80 j 引 6 o 少 44 s 尺 07 t 木 u 月 7 v 日 5 w 火 0 Ä 王 94 Å 牛 8 Ç 方 70 Ü 欠 384 á 心 97 戸 5 5 以 46 北 73 矛 787 巧 737 包 89 瓦 6 丘 44 凸 068 凹 069 且 0 必 59 斥 490 矢 3 左 75 丙 08 出 53 民 77 半 88 本 5 末 305 未 306 失 3 生 44 弁 74 甘 59 央 35 甲 06 由 364 母 世 5 史 33 申 309 丼 56 冊 3 A 仙 064 仕 333 代 56 他 0 付 9 令 850 E 存 69 I 刊 594 召 03 K 加 7 功 837 幼 93 L 皮 008 M 写 549 N 市 8 玄 89 O 古 7 平 0 P 外 83 占 8 正 75 圧 45 U 辺 789 込 790 用 07 巨 368 Y 永 70 氷 69 汁 930 氾 36 b 去 40 d 払 59 打 059 e 叱 33 兄 40 号 66 台 50 可 390 句 337 司 86 右 76 g 奴 8 h 布 688 i 犯 903 n 穴 9 Ã 広 707 庁 777 s 尻 09 尼 78 囚 58 四 6 t 札 v 旧 79 旦 白 05 y 示 65 礼 630 Ä 玉 95 主 55 É 冬 467 処 89 ç 石 78 é 立 目 55 ì 田 35 皿 48 6 臼 896 多 9 死 85 気 34 両 00 朱 60 年 45 西 7 吏 044 毎 6 再 796 曲 367 A 伏 439 休 60 件 745 伐 60 仲 430 任 334 仰 099 伎 890 伝 440 仮 09 全 89 企 490 合 59 会 58 肉 3 C 次 385 壮 409 兆 665 羽 600 H 印 086 I 州 95 刑 908 列 6 N 交 4 充 847 妄 463 O 考 550 老 55 缶 76 Q 色 04 争 30 危 543 R 羊 88 灰 46 U 巡 79 迅 936 同 98 匠 443 Y 池 9 汚 706 汗 47 江 840 汎 55 b 地 8 寺 4 至 94 先 50 在 68 d 扱 39 e 吐 3 叫 3 吸 37 舌 33 向 99 后 7 名 8 g 好 04 如 870 妃 88 h 帆 54 k 行 68 m 芝 50 芋 08 共 96 n 字 0 安 05 守 499 宇 07 宅 78 o 光 38 当 77 劣 03 r 吉 94 s 尽 844 回 90 因 563 団 500 t 朴 56 机 384 朽 738 u 肌 385 有 65 v 早 48 旨 08 百 4 旬 338 w 灯 46 É 各 65 á 忙 460 成 6 式 534 弐 070 è 自 6 衣 690 ï 血 803 ó 糸 4 米 4 舟 45 ö 虫 893 õ 耳 56 ú 竹 9 7 良 3 388

391 7 8 Strokes 身 59 来 69 束 50 里 4 我 38 更 045 串 394 亜 74 寿 65 A 位 伸 60 伴 066 体 6 伯 34 佐 867 作 36 似 583 但 低 570 住 56 何 39 伺 89 余 09 含 37 C 状 636 冷 85 冶 96 求 737 G 防 5 阪 450 那 86 邦 85 H 即 47 卵 03 却 95 I 判 065 別 67 K 助 633 励 43 努 70 N 忘 46 対 366 O 孝 55 克 459 Q 角 48 R 弟 409 谷 664 兵 798 呉 56 U 廷 63 近 45 迎 098 返 448 臣 854 医 0 Y 沖 49 決 357 汰 06 沈 964 沃 885 沙 05 没 963 汽 35 沢 03 b 坊 04 坑 7 坂 449 均 80 走 435 赤 07 d 扶 839 把 84 折 483 抜 830 抄 08 抑 00 批 068 抗 843 技 89 投 060 択 030 e 吹 36 吟 38 呈 697 呂 396 告 703 否 36 乱 70 豆 988 君 807 g 妨 4 妊 985 妖 884 妙 09 妥 956 h 希 689 i 狂 904 k 役 376 l 形 399 m 芳 907 芯 084 花 55 芸 44 n 究 97 完 63 o 肖 863 労 33 q 岐 89 r 志 58 壱 848 売 39 声 759 Ã 床 845 応 846 序 784 s 尿 030 尾 08 局 70 困 567 囲 57 図 339 t 杉 033 材 56 村 9 u 肝 346 肘 377 v 児 80 w 災 48 y 社 308 Ä 弄 004 É 改 53 攻 838 条 573 麦 70 á 忍 503 忌 935 快 498 戻 304 戒 896 é 辛 584 見 63 利 39 私 5 秀 798 初 69 ì 町 8 男 0 ó 系 930 ù 言 66 貝 40 ü 車 33 足 58 8 承 97 非 507 長 95 表 7 画 343 果 496 東 7 垂 7 奉 643 毒 53 事 80 A 依 69 使 33 価 47 例 6 佳 557 侍 580 供 97 併 8 侮 858 舎 805 念 588 命 587 E 孤 577 G 阻 35 附 995 邪 55 邸 57 I 制 433 刺 90 到 96 刻 74 刹 87 刷 087 券 55 K 劾 6 効 835 L 叔 78 受 60 N 享 787 夜 479 卒 80 京 89 育 46 斉 574 盲 46 版 089 O 協 34 直 49 阜 448 奔 773 P 卓 794 虎 677 Q 免 746 R 並 典 368 U 迭 608 述 000 延 67 迫 33 周 9 岡 440 殴 8 Y 泣 300 沸 98 油 365 波 677 泌 03 泳 7 泊 35 注 358 泡 895 法 3 況 869 沿 74 沼 033 治 50 泥 79 河 39 b 坪 07 幸 697 d 拓 983 拉 30 拝 64 押 0 抽 0 抹 090 拙 939 披 89 拍 36 抱 359 抵 569 担 348 拐 093 招 46 拡 65 拠 90 拘 938 拒 370 e 味 307 呼 35 呪 34 知 4 奇 444 g 妬 956 姓 869 妹 4 姉 4 始 503 妻 68 i 狙 36 j 弦 90 弥 0 k 彼 00 征 66 径 57 往 940 l 参 73 m 苗 565 英 354 茂 563 芽 549 若 553 茎 57 苦 554 昔 778 苛 394 n 宗 66 宝 96 実 03 宙 08 官 36 宜 37 定 356 宛 374 突 90 空 40 o 学 09 乳 969 尚 009 歩 437 q 岬 449 岩 48 岸 595 岳 44 Ã 府 53 底 57 店 68 s 届 09 屈 940 居 7 国 40 固 004 t 林 7 枚 枕 965 杯 0 析 48 松 709 枝 889 枠 079 板 090 枢 06 采 957 u 肪 03 肥 84 服 696 肢 99 股 055 青 08 肯 334 v 明 8 旺 058 昇 909 易 77 昆 037 的 0 者 64 w 炊 97 炉 96 炎 49 y 奈 947 祉 479 祈 63 Ä 玩 003 Å 牧 744 物 79 Ç 放 5 Ü 欧 06 á 忠 43 性 98 怖 959 怪 573 肩 337 房 303 所 53 武 07 è 具 46 季 473 和 4 委

392 8 0 Strokes õ 取 65 ß 金 3 ± 雨 30 門 6 9 飛 539 発 96 衷 79 甚 600 巻 56 専 60 奏 646 重 7 乗 53 A 信 57 促 659 便 330 係 93 俊 997 保 498 侶 397 侵 5 俗 78 侯 07 E 孫 93 G 限 866 郎 04 郊 836 H 卸 70 I 削 78 契 574 K 勃 7 勅 056 勇 474 L 叙 4 M 軍 444 冠 73 N 帝 37 変 57 哀 790 亭 43 O 南 74 P 貞 796 点 69 虐 680 Q 負 59 急 303 R 首 48 前 47 美 405 盆 50 厚 649 厘 076 U 迷 998 建 93 退 865 追 3 逃 669 逆 45 送 447 耐 504 X 風 9 段 363 Y 泉 53 津 679 浅 660 洗 705 洪 55 活 37 浄 675 洋 89 海 7 派 934 洞 380 b 城 733 垣 350 型 909 封 558 赴 560 d 挟 437 拷 838 挑 667 持 458 括 33 拶 0 拾 538 指 08 拭 07 e 咲 95 咽 87 品 30 g 姻 87 姿 953 要 45 h 帥 0 i 独 9 狭 436 狩 687 j 弧 578 k 律 678 待 459 後 48 m 革 3 茨 955 荘 40 草 49 荒 464 茶 5 n 宣 635 客 65 室 66 窃 834 o 栄 736 単 300 県 94 q 峡 435 峠 434 炭 47 幽 9 Ã 度 378 s 屋 67 面 74 t 相 46 柵 330 柄 09 柱 608 柳 03 柿 034 枯 007 栃 036 査 634 某 593 柔 788 染 793 架 768 u 胞 358 胆 347 肺 35 胎 37 背 338 v 映 353 昧 43 昨 36 昭 034 冒 56 星 743 是 698 春 468 皆 596 昼 478 w 畑 36 為 58 y 神 30 祖 63 祝 870 Ä 珍 78 皇 97 Å 牲 74 Ç 施 04 É 政 49 故 73 á 怒 703 怨 375 怠 37 恨 879 恒 349 悔 855 威 4 ç 研 98 砂 04 砕 87 é 音 347 臭 30 看 398 省 45 盾 786 眉 85 秋 470 秒 07 科 30 香 797 ì 胃 34 思 99 畏 960 界 46 卑 6 ñ 疫 40 ó 級 577 糾 89 紀 373 紅 839 約 ö 虹 045 ù 計 340 訃 56 訂 058 則 68 ü 軌 9 Æ 食 3 0 既 55 殊 604 射 9 残 66 耗 60 耕 59 A 倒 97 倣 908 俳 076 候 974 修 975 倍 87 俸 644 俵 063 借 780 俺 06 倹 899 倫 0 値 43 個 005 倉 386 C 准 96 凍 68 将 637 凄 683 G 陣 493 陛 599 降 977 院 64 除 陥 8 郡 93 I 剖 979 剥 79 剣 900 剤 559 剛 77 帰 37 K 脅 335 L 桑 035 M 冥 5 N 衰 79 恋 58 高 90 畜 87 O 真 48 索 04 Q 勉 748 R 兼 9 差 669 益 79 翁 5 釜 3 原 36 辱 860 U 連 446 速 5 逓 3 逐 86 逝 485 透 800 造 704 途 0 通 50 匿 903 Y 泰 647 浮 968 酒 56 浦 534 浪 877 浜 799 流 47 消 864 浸 6 浴 80 涙 305 b 埋 975 起 374 d 拳 87 捉 660 挿 765 捕 9 捜 06 捗 096 挨 0 振 984 挫 09 e 唄 396 哺 535 唆 998 員 63 唇 859 哲 486 g 娘 876 娯 57 娠 986 姫 88 h 帯 994 師 45 j 弱 8 k 徒 436 徐 3 従 579 m 華 荷 393 恭 54 n 家 65 宰 586 宴 650 害 57 宮 734 案 06 宵 00 容 665 o 挙 85 党 504 q 峰 433 島 86 Ã 庭 64 庫 844 座 800 唐 83 席 380 s 展 8 t 桟 078 株 754 根 34 桁 69 桃 670 桜 95 格 653 核 75 校 5 栓 993 梅 856 殺 585 u 脇 336 朕 04 脂 083 脈 935 胸 357 胴 379 朗 878 脊 339 骨 340 能 387 v 時 4 書 3 殉 937 w 烈

393 0 Strokes y 祥 68 Ä 珠 603 班 468 Å 特 8 Ç 旅 É 致 95 敏 857 夏 469 á 恵 8 息 308 恐 709 恣 954 恩 564 悟 58 悩 353 悦 455 扇 657 栽 77 ç 破 676 砲 894 é 竜 886 眠 868 秩 609 秘 84 租 33 称 0 袖 04 被 009 ì 畔 34 留 774 畝 077 鬼 64 ñ 疲 403 病 38 症 400 疾 954 ó 紡 05 純 996 紙 80 納 77 紛 88 紋 547 素 7 料 39 粋 85 粉 87 航 84 般 47 ö 蚊 04 蚕 04 õ 恥 805 ú 笑 99 託 746 討 057 記 37 訓 785 財 56 貢 836 ü 軒 46 酎 03 配 54 酌 0 ß 針 34 Æ 飢 383 ª 隻 390 馬 83 野 36 爽 059 粛 8 A 健 94 偶 75 偽 58 側 69 停 44 偵 3 偏 4 貪 837 斜 6 G 郭 788 陳 494 陪 3 陸 657 陵 996 隆 976 陰 886 険 54 陶 763 郵 533 都 88 郷 874 部 86 I 剰 5 副 77 K 動 3 勘 60 N 率 80 斎 575 商 48 P 虚 678 Q 亀 889 R 曽 450 羞 806 貧 766 瓶 7 U 進 443 逮 9 逸 747 週 9 遜 067 Y 淑 783 渇 73 混 83 淡 40 渓 053 淫 054 清 67 渋 809 渉 438 深 545 添 53 液 480 済 558 涼 67 涯 555 b 堆 749 域 00 培 977 埼 446 堀 94 基 457 執 699 d 推 97 掛 559 排 077 接 495 控 835 掲 733 採 960 授 6 探 544 措 63 描 566 掃 8 捻 094 捨 537 掘 94 据 98 e 唯 98 唾 9 喝 0 唱 759 啓 487 g 婚 576 婦 36 婆 6 h 帳 59 i 猛 685 猫 567 猟 686 j 張 58 強 7 k 術 87 得 375 l 彩 959 彫 0 m 菓 636 著 878 黄 794 萎 08 菜 958 菊 483 菌 85 n 寂 784 宿 79 密 8 窓 7 寄 445 窒 833 o 巣 640 蛍 043 常 506 堂 505 q 崎 447 崩 74 崇 53 崖 556 r 殻 846 Ã 康 96 庸 8 麻 630 鹿 038 庶 898 t 梗 047 械 538 梨 95 u 豚 80 脚 96 脳 35 脱 457 v 曹 4 習 60 乾 49 w 黒 06 y 票 944 祭 67 尉 75 視 66 Ä 理 43 球 739 現 98 望 685 Ç 旋 04 族 É 教 45 救 738 赦 675 務 35 Ü 欲 79 á 悪 304 患 395 悠 704 惧 964 惨 843 情 09 惜 779 悼 795 戚 488 é 章 876 産 78 翌 60 眼 867 眺 668 規 67 移 73 袋 4 ì 略 860 累 05 異 06 盛 73 盗 5 ñ 痕 880 ó 細 708 紳 6 紺 59 組 44 終 466 紹 463 経 557 粒 86 粗 34 粘 84 釈 605 断 063 舶 46 船 377 舷 78 ö 蛇 040 ú 第 408 笛 568 符 54 訪 40 許 750 訟 49 設 586 訳 604 敗 50 販 09 貫 936 責 666 貨 765 ü 軟 9 斬 93 転 439 酔 86 ß 釣 00 ± 雪 979 問 6 閉 40 æ 頂 530 頃 53 μ 魚 90 ø 鳥 85 疎 65 A 備 78 偉 096 傍 4 傘 804 G 随 864 隅 753 陽 640 階 597 隊 809 I 割 58 創 387 K 勤 568 N 蛮 044 O 博 6 Q 象 75 R 着 668 善 9 尊 77 普 3 U 遊 040 遇 達 455 運 445 遂 85 道 49 遍 5 遅 75 過 49 遡 989 Y 測 60 湖 475 港 680 湾 68 温 644 湿 6 湯 64 満 0 滋 65 湧 475 渡 379 渦 949 減 78 b 堕 865 堪 089 場 54 堤 699 塔 99 塚 875 塀 944 堅 363 報 698 超 037 喪 793 d 提 638 揚 64 援 39 揺 76 搭 09 揮 766 換 693 握 83 e 喉 08 喫 306 喩 00 喚

394 4 Strokes 就 96 登 99 短 5 尋 3 g 媒 595 婿 868 媛 883 h 帽 57 幅 467 i 猶 689 j 弾 64 k 御 7 街 86 復 939 循 576 l 須 53 m 落 858 葬 83 葉 53 葛 03 募 59 n 寒 464 富 76 o 営 735 覚 65 掌 508 q 嵐 065 r 喜 96 Ã 廊 05 廃 99 s 属 750 圏 57 t 椎 748 棟 495 棚 080 極 336 棋 985 棒 645 棺 974 椅 048 検 540 植 430 森 8 u 脹 4 勝 58 腕 376 期 456 朝 477 v 暁 77 晴 673 晩 749 暑 648 晶 758 景 87 量 47 最 63 替 757 w 焼 94 無 93 煮 93 然 66 Ä 斑 469 琴 39 É 散 78 敬 78 敢 807 Ü 欺 598 款 845 á 惑 00 悲 075 惰 866 慌 465 愉 705 雇 655 扉 658 越 038 幾 897 ç 硬 046 硫 0 硝 0 é 童 46 殖 607 程 43 税 403 裂 43 装 4 裁 75 補 90 裕 480 ì 塁 80 畳 38 番 85 買 4 衆 806 ñ 痢 95 痛 40 痘 30 ó 結 494 絡 859 給 346 絵 345 絞 545 統 849 絶 755 紫 478 粧 85 奥 484 歯 486 ú 筆 30 策 90 筋 4 等 578 答 60 筒 569 訴 49 評 067 証 493 詐 597 診 77 詔 055 詠 7 詞 86 貯 775 貼 83 費 76 貴 8 貿 773 貸 76 賀 769 ü 軸 03 軽 556 距 369 酢 07 ß 鈍 997 Æ 飲 33 飯 35 ª 雄 476 集 44 焦 036 ± 雲 646 雰 973 閑 633 間 43 開 400 æ 項 59 順 業 79 A 僅 35 働 3 傲 066 傾 533 傑 849 僧 453 傷 643 債 70 催 399 G 隔 696 隙 K 勧 094 勢 656 M 彙 637 N 裏 73 棄 993 O 準 79 P 虞 9 虜 473 R 慈 649 煎 933 義 9 羨 94 農 370 U 遣 3 遠 453 違 Y 溺 966 滑 34 滝 887 溝 050 滞 995 溶 48 漢 565 漠 56 源 589 滅 4 b 塊 65 塩 5 塡 90 塑 988 塗 毀 897 d 搬 840 携 80 摂 808 搾 596 損 35 e 嗅 3 嘆 33 嗣 097 群 808 豊 989 g 嫁 873 嫌 803 嫉 955 i 献 438 猿 690 k 微 508 m 蒸 973 夢 830 蓋 86 蓄 88 墓 58 幕 5 靴 4 n 寝 7 塞 465 寛 093 窟 943 o 誉 86 奨 45 r 鼓 00 Ã 廉 804 s 殿 8 園 454 t 楼 99 楷 598 楽 359 u 腫 06 腰 373 腹 345 腺 54 腸 344 腎 365 v 暇 0 暗 348 暖 645 幹 48 w 煩 005 煙 94 照 035 y 禁 49 福 466 禅 64 禍 948 Ä 聖 686 Å 解 48 É 数 5 愛 59 á 愚 755 愁 708 想 47 感 6 慨 554 慎 98 慄 963 戦 30 歳 487 ç 碁 984 é 意 3 新 74 辞 70 睡 8 睦 658 督 785 稚 94 裸 638 褐 73 裾 05 î 署 879 罪 906 置 43 盟 730 ñ 痴 957 ó 絹 333 続 43 継 064 艇 780 ö 蜂 8 触 894 ú 節 47 誠 73 詩 579 詰 95 話 38 誇 739 該 76 詳 683 詣 085 詮 994 試 535 賄 86 賂 86 賊 946 賃 764 資 763 ü 較 546 載 76 践 67 跳 666 路 5 跡 673 酬 04 酪 05 ß 鉢 969 鉄 3 鈴 97 鉛 73 鉱 7 Æ 飽 893 飾 03 飼 89 ª 雅 550 ± 雷 98 電 08 零 97 æ 頓 頒 006 預 398 頑 00 4 A 僕 060 僚 406 像 753 G 際 68 障 877 隠 887 N 豪 786 P 疑 67 暦 635 歴 489 U 遭 756 適 4 遮 899 Y 漁 7 漸 489 漂 946 漆 648 漫 500 漬 99 演 344 滴 539 漏 945 b 塾 789 境 883 増 75 墨 8 d 摘 540 e 鳴 948 g 嫡 7 i 獄

395 4 8 Strokes k 徴 509 徳 079 l 彰 976 髪 0 m 蔑 564 慕 50 暮 57 n 寡 007 察 69 蜜 83 寧 50 Ã 腐 3 s 層 454 t 概 553 構 048 模 54 様 407 u 膜 55 静 674 v 貌 35 w 熊 389 Ä 瑠 605 Ç 旗 043 Ü 歌 395 á 態 388 憎 45 慢 499 慣 937 ç 碑 63 磁 650 é 端 507 辣 585 種 8 稲 83 穀 847 製 434 複 938 ì 魂 66 鼻 83 罰 907 ñ 痩 953 瘍 958 ó 維 95 練 756 緒 88 綿 5 綻 08 緑 546 総 70 綱 76 網 70 精 670 ú 算 760 箋 67 管 38 箇 570 誤 98 誘 799 語 67 誌 583 読 44 認 75 説 404 誓 484 踊 66 酵 06 酷 88 酸 55 ß 銭 659 銀 33 銘 654 銑 40 銃 848 銅 7 Æ 餅 9 ª 雌 477 雑 584 奪 389 ± 需 505 聞 64 閥 6 閣 856 関 40 æ 領 853 駄 046 駅 84 駆 舞 89 A 儀 740 億 383 I 劇 8 N 褒 88 P 膚 343 慮 47 R 養 406 U 遷 943 選 84 遺 30 遵 4 Y 潮 476 潜 967 潟 736 潔 307 澄 47 潰 9 潤 66 b 墜 84 墳 776 舗 536 d 撃 054 摯 095 撲 06 撤 5 撮 6 e 嘲 099 噴 774 嘱 75 器 536 h 幣 93 k 衝 904 徹 5 l 影 873 m 蔽 085 蔵 360 n 審 47 寮 405 賓 008 窮 99 窯 95 o 賞 509 Ã 摩 63 慶 74 s 履 745 t 槽 757 標 945 横 795 権 335 u 膝 97 v 暴 05 暫 488 w 熟 700 勲 905 熱 655 黙 684 Ä 璃 606 É 敷 544 敵 4 弊 94 憂 073 Ü 歓 095 á 慰 76 憧 853 憤 775 憬 854 戯 679 ç 確 63 è 導 76 穂 84 稼 874 稿 7 稽 084 ì 魅 67 畿 898 罵 05 罷 09 監 777 盤 49 ó 縄 890 線 99 緩 40 縁 83 締 39 編 695 緊 364 趣 039 ú 箸 93 範 43 箱 4 誕 68 誰 747 課 497 諸 880 謁 0 談 603 請 67 諾 90 論 93 調 34 賠 978 賜 980 賦 947 賛 758 質 76 ü 輪 輩 078 輝 767 踏 66 踪 674 ß 鋳 653 鋭 458 Æ 餌 776 餓 38 ± 霊 5 震 983 閲 456 æ 頬 000 駐 609 駒 A 儒 506 C 凝 69 G 隣 88 R 興 369 U 避 590 還 885 Y 激 056 濃 987 濁 735 b 壊 496 壌 088 壇 990 墾 88 壁 587 d 操 769 擁 83 g 嬢 986 i 獣 688 獲 39 k 衡 69 衛 834 m 薪 083 薄 54 薬 360 薫 906 薦 74 n 憲 530 Ã 磨 63 t 機 537 樹 97 橋 607 u 膨 98 膳 93 骸 5 v 曇 647 w 燃 663 y 隷 9 É 整 5 麺 30 á 憩 309 憾 96 憶 38 懐 497 é 親 75 穏 888 積 667 ì 奮 388 ó 縫 43 緻 06 縦 580 縛 54 緯 097 繁 367 糖 84 ö 融 695 ú 篤 05 築 70 諮 90 謀 594 謡 760 諧 069 諭 706 諦 38 賭 98 賢 36 ü 輸 555 醒 0 ß 錘 39 錬 965 錦 5 錯 6 錠 967 録 547 鋼 75 錮 006 Æ 館 37 頼 63 頭 76 7 A 優 074 償 003 R 翼 07 Y 濯 664 d 擬 68 擦 60 e 嚇 098 矯 09 o 厳 84 u 謄 9 臆 378 v 曖 44 韓 50 w 燥 770 Ä 環 884 Å 犠 74 懇 87 ç 礁 900 è 瞳 85 暸 407 覧 366 ì 戴 08 爵 05 ñ 療 404 ó 繊 676 績 69 縮 6 齢 85 聴 080 ù 謎 999 謝 93 講 797 謹 34 謙 80 購 049 ü 轄 45 醜 68 ß 鍵 95 鍛 966 鍋 950 ± 霜 978 闇 349 æ 頻 999 μ 鮮 74 8 臨 855 Y 濫 3 m 藤 087 藩 470 繭 086 v 曜 9 覆 744 Ä 璧 588 á 懲

396 8 9 Strokes ç 礎 66 è 瞬 850 観 64 穫 393 襟 639 ñ 癖 589 癒 707 ó 繕 9 織 693 糧 80 翻 606 職 386 ú 簡 634 贈 45 ß 鎖 968 鎮 99 鎌 30 ª 難 566 闘 6 æ 類 6 顎 00 顔 77 顕 7 額 857 題 355 騎 047 験 54 騒 Y 瀬 64 e 艶 990 m 藻 77 Ã 麗 740 t 麓 039 u 髄 863 臓 36 覇 743 w 爆 053 Ä 璽 057 î 羅 07 ó 繰 768 ú 簿 543 譜 4 識 694 警 79 韻 350 蹴 96 ß 鏡 88 ª 離 355 ± 霧 980 æ 願 590 μ 鯨 73 ø 鶏 t 欄 65 u 騰 9 v 響 875 á 懸 933 é 競 87 ú 籍 6 譲 05 護 39 議 9 醸 987 ß 鐘 970 Ã 魔 69 ô 艦 779 ú 籃 33 躍 663 ± 露 98 æ 顧 656 ø 鶴 950 ë 襲 68 ú 籠 888 驚 90 3 ß 鑑 t 鬱

397 Index by Readings

398 A BAKU A A 亜 74 ( 悪 ) AKU aba(ku) 暴 05 aba(reru) 暴 05 a(biru) 浴 80 a(biseru) 浴 80 abu(nai) 危 543 abura 油 365 脂 083 ade(yaka) 艶 990 a(garu) 挙 85 揚 64 上 3 a(geru) 挙 85 揚 64 上 3 ago 顎 00 AI 哀 790 ( 衰 ) SUI 愛 59 曖 44 挨 0 ai 籃 33 ai- 相 46 aida 間 43 aji 味 307 aji(wau) 味 307 aka 赤 07 aka(i) 赤 07 aka(rameru) 赤 07 aka(ramu) 赤 07 明 8 a(kari) 明 8 aka(rui) 明 8 aka(rumu) 明 8 a(kasu) 明 8 飽 893 akatsuki 暁 77 a(keru) 空 40 明 8 開 400 aki 秋 470 akina(u) 商 48 aki(raka) 明 8 akira(meru) 諦 38 a(kiru) 飽 893 akoga(reru) 憧 853 AKU 握 83 ( 屋 ) OKU 悪 304 ( 亜 ) A a(ku) 空 40 明 8 開 400 a(kuru) 明 8 ama 天 4 尼 78 雨 30 ama(eru) 甘 59 ama(i) 甘 59 ama(ru) 余 09 ama(su) 余 09 ama(yakasu) 甘 59 ame 天 4 雨 30 ami 網 70 ( 綱 ) tsuna a(mu) 編 695 AN 安 05 案 06 ( 宴 ) EN 暗 348 ( 音 ) ON 行 68 ana 穴 9 anado(ru) 侮 858 ane 姉 4 ani 兄 40 ao 青 08 ao(gu) 仰 099 ao(i) 青 08 ara(i) 荒 464 粗 34 arashi 嵐 065 araso(u) 争 30 a(rasu) 荒 464 ara(ta) 新 74 arata(maru) 改 53 arata(meru) 改 53 ara(u) 洗 705 arawa(reru) 表 7 現 98 arawa(su) 表 7 著 878 現 98 a(reru) 荒 464 a(ru) 在 68 有 65 aru(ku) 歩 437 asa 朝 477 麻 630 asa(i) 浅 660 ase 汗 47 ase(ru) 焦 036 ashi 足 58 脚 96 aso(bu) 遊 040 ata(eru) 与 548 atai 価 47 値 43 atama 頭 76 atara(shii) 新 74 ata(ri) 辺 789 a(taru) 当 77 atata(ka) 温 644 暖 645 atata(kai) 温 644 暖 645 atata(maru) 温 644 暖 645 atata(meru) 温 644 暖 645 a(teru) 当 77 充 847 宛 374 ato 後 48 跡 673 痕 880 ATSU 圧 45 ( 庄 ) SHŌ atsu(i) 厚 649 暑 648 熱 655 atsuka(u) 扱 39 atsu(maru) 集 44 atsu(meru) 集 44 a(u) 合 59 会 58 遭 756 awa 泡 895 awa(i) 淡 40 awa(re) 哀 790 awa(remu) 哀 790 awa(seru) 併 8 a(waseru) 合 59 a(wasu) 合 59 awa(tadashii) 慌 465 awa(teru) 慌 465 aya(bumu) 危 543 ayama(chi) 過 49 ayama(ru) 誤 98 謝 93 ayama(tsu) 過 49 aya(shii) 怪 573 妖 884 aya(shimu) 怪 573 ayatsu(ru) 操 769 aya(ui) 危 543 ayu(mu) 歩 437 aza 字 0 azake(ru) 嘲 099 azamu(ku) 欺 598 aza(yaka) 鮮 74 azu(karu) 預 398 azu(keru) 預 398 B BA 馬 83 罵 05 婆 6 ( 波 ) HA ba 場 54 BACHI 罰 907 BAI 倍 87 陪 3 培 977 賠 978 ( 部 ) BU ( 剖 ) BŌ 買 4 ( 貝 ) kai 梅 856 ( 毎 ) MAI ( 海 ) KAI ( 敏 ) BIN 媒 595 ( 某 ) BŌ ( 謀 ) BŌ 売 39 ba(kasu) 化 54 ba(keru) 化 54 BAKU 漠 56 幕 5 ( 漢 ) KAN ( 募 ) BO ( 墓 ) BO ( 暮 ) BO 396

399 ( 模 ) MO ( 膜 ) MAKU 博 6 縛 54 ( 専 ) SEN 暴 05 爆 053 麦 70 BAN 伴 066 判 065 ( 半 ) HAN 番 85 ( 審 ) SHIN ( 藩 ) HAN 板 090 ( 反 ) HAN 蛮 044 ( 変 ) HEN 晩 749 ( 免 ) MEN 盤 49 ( 般 ) HAN 万 6 BATSU 伐 60 閥 6 抜 830 ( 友 ) YŪ ( 髪 ) HATSU 末 305 罰 907 -be 辺 789 BEI 米 4 BEN 便 330 ( 更 ) KŌ 弁 74 勉 748 beni 紅 839 BETSU 別 67 蔑 564 BI 尾 08 ( 毛 ) MŌ 微 508 ( 徴 ) CHŌ 美 405 眉 85 備 78 鼻 83 BIN 敏 857 ( 毎 ) MAI ( 繁 ) HAN 便 330 ( 更 ) KŌ 貧 766 ( 分 ) BUN ( 瓦 ) GA 瓶 7 BO 募 59 墓 58 暮 57 慕 50 模 54 ( 漠 ) BAKU 簿 543 ( 専 ) SEN ( 薄 ) HAKU 母 BO' 坊 04 BŌ 防 5 坊 04 妨 4 肪 03 紡 05 房 303 傍 4 ( 方 ) HŌ 亡 684 妄 463 忘 46 忙 460 望 685 某 593 謀 594 冒 56 帽 57 剖 979 ( 倍 ) BAI ( 部 ) BU 乏 767 ( 之 ) SHI 棒 645 ( 奉 ) BU 貿 773 暴 05 膨 98 貌 35 BOKU 木 朴 56 目 55 睦 658 僕 060 撲 06 墨 8 ( 黒 ) KOKU 牧 744 BON 凡 53 ( 帆 ) HAN 盆 50 ( 分 ) BUN 煩 005 BOTSU 没 963 勃 7 BU 無 93 舞 89 奉 643 ( 俸 ) HŌ ( 棒 ) BŌ 部 86 ( 剖 ) BŌ ( 倍 ) BAI 侮 858 ( 毎 ) MAI 不 94 分 38 歩 437 武 07 BUN 分 38 文 聞 64 buta 豚 80 BUTSU 仏 59 ( 払 ) FUTSU 物 79 BYAKU 白 05 BYŌ 苗 565 描 566 猫 567 秒 07 ( 少 ) SHŌ ( 砂 ) SA 病 38 ( 丙 ) HEI 平 0 C CHA 茶 5 CHAKU 着 668 ( 差 ) SA 嫡 7 CHI 知 4 痴 957 池 9 BAKU CHIN 地 8 値 43 置 43 ( 直 ) CHOKU 致 95 緻 06 ( 至 ) SHI 治 50 ( 台 ) DAI ( 冶 ) YA ( 始 ) SHI 恥 805 遅 75 稚 94 質 76 chi 血 803 ( 皿 ) sara 千 5 乳 969 chichi 父 3 乳 969 chiga(eru) 違 833 chiga(u) 違 833 chigi(ru) 契 574 chii(sai) 小 7 chiji(maru) 縮 6 chiji(meru) 縮 6 chiji(mu) 縮 6 chiji(rasu) 縮 6 chiji(reru) 縮 6 chika(i) 近 45 chikara 力 00 chika(u) 誓 484 CHIKU 竹 9 築 70 畜 87 蓄 88 逐 86 CHIN 陳 494 ( 東 ) TŌ ( 棟 ) TŌ ( 陣 ) JIN 珍 78 ( 診 ) SHIN 朕 04 ( 咲 ) saku 賃 764 ( 任 ) NIN 鎮 99 ( 真 ) SHIN 沈

400 chi(rakaru) E chi(rakaru) 散 78 chi(rakasu) 散 78 chi(rasu) 散 78 chi(ru) 散 78 CHITSU 秩 609 ( 失 ) SHITSU 窒 833 ( 室 ) SHITSU CHO 著 878 緒 88 ( 者 ) SHA ( 署 ) SHO ( 諸 ) SHO ( 都 ) TO 貯 775 ( 丁 ) CHŌ CHŌ 丁 84 庁 777 町 8 頂 530 ( 貯 ) CHO ( 項 ) KŌ ( 傾 ) KEI 兆 665 挑 667 眺 668 跳 666 ( 逃 ) TŌ ( 桃 ) TŌ 長 95 帳 59 張 58 脹 4 朝 477 潮 476 嘲 099 彫 0 調 34 ( 周 ) SHŪ 徴 509 懲 50 腸 344 ( 湯 ) TŌ ( 場 ) JŌ 鳥 85 ( 島 ) TŌ ( 微 ) BI 澄 47 ( 豆 ) TŌ ( 登 ) TŌ 弔 934 ( 弓 ) KYŪ 超 037 ( 召 ) SHŌ 聴 080 ( 徳 ) TOKU 重 7 釣 00 貼 83 CHOKU 直 49 ( 値 ) CHI 勅 056 ( 束 ) SOKU 捗 096 ( 歩 ) HO CHŪ 中 8 仲 430 沖 49 忠 43 虫 893 注 358 柱 608 駐 609 ( 主 ) SHU 抽 0 宙 08 ( 由 ) YŪ 衷 79 ( 哀 ) AI 昼 478 ( 旦 ) TAN 鋳 653 ( 寿 ) JU 酎 03 -CHŪ 中 8 D DA 堕 865 惰 866 ( 随 ) ZUI ( 髄 ) ZUI 打 059 ( 丁 ) TEI ( 灯 ) TŌ ( 訂 ) TEI 妥 956 ( 桜 ) Ō 駄 046 ( 太 ) TAI 唾 9 ( 垂 ) SUI 蛇 040 DAI 弟 409 第 408 代 56 ( 袋 ) TAI ( 貸 ) TAI 大 6 ( 太 ) TAI 台 50 ( 胎 ) TAI 内 84 題 355 DAKU 諾 90 ( 若 ) JAKU 濁 735 ( 独 ) DOKU da(ku) 抱 359 dama(ru) 黙 684 DAN 暖 645 ( 援 ) EN ( 緩 ) KAN 男 0 ( 田 ) DEN 弾 64 ( 単 ) TAN 談 603 ( 炎 ) EN 旦 団 500 段 363 断 063 壇 990 dare 誰 747 da(su) 出 53 DATSU 脱 457 ( 悦 ) ETSU ( 説 ) SETSU ( 閲 ) ETSU 奪 389 ( 奮 ) FUN DE 弟 409 ( 第 ) DAI DEI 泥 79 ( 尼 ) NI DEKI 溺 966 ( 弱 ) JAKU DEN 田 35 電 08 殿 8 ( 展 ) TEN 伝 440 de(ru) 出 53 DO 奴 8 努 70 怒 703 度 378 ( 席 ) SEKI ( 渡 ) TO 土 4 ( 吐 ) TO DŌ 同 98 洞 380 胴 379 銅 7 ( 筒 ) TŌ 童 46 瞳 85 動 3 働 3 ( 重 ) CHŌ 道 49 導 76 ( 首 ) SHU 堂 505 ( 党 ) TŌ DOKU 読 44 ( 売 ) BAI ( 続 ) ZOKU 毒 53 ( 母 ) BO 独 9 ( 触 ) SHOKU DON 鈍 997 ( 屯 ) TON ( 純 ) JUN 曇 647 ( 雲 ) UN 貪 837 ( 貝 ) kai don 丼 56 donburi 丼 56 -dono 殿 8 doro 泥 79 E E 会 58 絵 345 依 69 ( 衣 ) I 398

401 回 90 恵 8 e 江 840 柄 09 餌 776 -e 重 7 eda 枝 889 ega(ku) 描 566 EI 永 70 泳 7 詠 7 ( 水 ) SUI ( 氷 ) HYŌ 英 354 映 353 ( 央 ) Ō 栄 736 営 735 ( 宮 ) KYŪ 鋭 458 ( 悦 ) ETSU ( 税 ) ZEI ( 説 ) SETSU 影 873 ( 京 ) KEI ( 景 ) KEI 衛 834 ( 偉 ) I EKI 役 376 疫 40 液 480 ( 夜 ) YA 易 77 益 79 駅 84 e(mu) 笑 99 EN 遠 453 猿 690 園 454 援 39 媛 883 ( 暖 ) DAN ( 緩 ) KAN 沿 74 鉛 73 ( 船 ) SEN 宴 650 ( 安 ) AN ( 案 ) AN 延 67 ( 正 ) SEI ( 延 ) TEI 炎 49 ( 火 ) KA 縁 83 ( 緑 ) RYOKU 円 3 塩 5 煙 94 演 344 艶 990 怨 375 era(bu) 選 84 era(i) 偉 096 eri 襟 639 e(ru) 得 375 獲 39 esa 餌 776 ETSU 悦 455 閲 456 ( 脱 ) DATSU ( 説 ) SETSU 謁 0 ( 渇 ) KATSU ( 掲 ) KEI ( 喝 ) KATSU ( 褐 ) KATSU 越 038 F FU 付 9 附 995 府 53 符 54 腐 3 夫 35 扶 839 普 3 譜 4 ( 晋 ) SHIN 布 688 怖 959 ( 巾 ) KIN 赴 560 訃 56 富 76 ( 副 ) FUKU ( 幅 ) FUKU ( 福 ) FUKU 婦 36 ( 帰 ) KI ( 掃 ) SŌ 父 3 ( 交 ) KŌ 浮 968 ( 乳 ) NYŪ 膚 343 ( 胃 ) I 敷 544 ( 激 ) GEKI 賦 947 ( 武 ) BU 不 94 歩 437 負 59 風 9 阜 448 FŪ 富 76 ( 副 ) FU ( 幅 ) FU ( 福 ) FU 夫 35 ( 扶 ) FU ( 芙 ) FU 封 558 ( 付 ) FU ( 圭 ) KEI 風 9 ( 虫 ) CHŪ fuchi 縁 83 fuda 札 fude 筆 30 fue 笛 568 fu(eru) 殖 607 増 75 fuji 藤 087 fuka(i) 深 545 fuka(maru) 深 545 fuka(meru) 深 545 fu(kasu) 更 045 fu(keru) 老 55 更 045 FUKU 復 939 腹 345 複 938 覆 744 ( 履 ) RI 副 77 幅 467 福 466 ( 富 ) FU E futa(tsu) 伏 439 ( 犬 ) KEN 服 696 ( 報 ) HŌ fu(ku) 吹 36 噴 774 拭 07 fuku(meru) 含 37 fuku(mu) 含 37 fuku(ramu) 膨 98 fuku(reru) 膨 98 fukuro 袋 4 fu(maeru) 踏 66 fumi 文 fumoto 麓 039 fu(mu) 踏 66 FUN 分 38 紛 88 粉 87 雰 973 墳 776 噴 774 憤 775 奮 388 ( 奪 ) DATSU funa 舟 45 船 377 fune 舟 45 船 377 fu(reru) 触 894 振 984 fu(ru) 降 977 振 984 furu(eru) 震 983 furu(i) 古 7 furu(su) 古 7 furu(u) 震 983 奮 388 fu(ruu) 振 984 fusa 房 303 fusa(garu) 塞 465 fusa(gu) 塞 465 fuse(gu) 防 5 fu(seru) 伏 439 fushi 節 47 fu(su) 伏 439 futa 双 70 蓋 86 futa- 二 3 futata(bi) 再 796 futa(tsu) 二 3 399

402 futo(i) GUN futo(i) 太 639 futokoro 懐 497 futo(ru) 太 639 FUTSU 払 59 仏 59 沸 98 fu(yasu) 殖 607 増 75 fuyu 冬 467 G GA 牙 548 芽 549 雅 550 ( 邪 ) JA 我 38 餓 38 ( 義 ) GI 賀 769 ( 加 ) KA 瓦 6 画 343 GA' 合 59 GAI 劾 6 該 76 骸 5 ( 刻 ) KOKU ( 核 ) KAKU 涯 555 崖 556 街 86 ( 術 ) JUTSU 概 553 慨 554 ( 既 ) KI 外 83 ( 夕 ) SEKI 害 57 ( 割 ) KATSU 蓋 86 gake 崖 556 GAKU 岳 44 ( 丘 ) KYŪ ( 兵 ) HEI 額 857 ( 各 ) KAKU ( 客 ) KYAKU 学 09 ( 字 ) JI 楽 359 ( 薬 ) YAKU 顎 00 GAN 元 37 玩 003 頑 00 願 590 ( 完 ) KAN ( 原 ) GEN 含 37 ( 今 ) KON ( 吟 ) GIN 丸 654 ( 九 ) KYŪ 岩 48 ( 石 ) SEKI 岸 595 ( 干 ) KAN 眼 867 ( 眠 ) MIN 顔 77 ( 産 ) SAN gara 柄 09 GATSU 月 7 gawa 側 69 GE 下 3 外 83 夏 469 解 48 牙 548 GEI 迎 098 ( 仰 ) GYŌ ( 抑 ) YOKU ( 卯 ) U ( 柳 ) RYŪ 芸 44 ( 伝 ) DEN ( 雲 ) UN 鯨 73 ( 京 ) KEI GEKI 激 056 ( 敷 ) FU 撃 054 劇 8 隙 GEN 幻 9 玄 89 弦 90 舷 78 ( 幼 ) YŌ 限 866 眼 867 ( 恨 ) KON ( 根 ) KON ( 銀 ) GIN ( 眠 ) MIN 原 36 源 589 ( 願 ) GAN 験 54 ( 倹 ) KEN ( 険 ) KEN ( 検 ) KEN 減 78 ( 惑 ) WAKU ( 感 ) KAN 厳 84 ( 敢 ) KAN 元 37 ( 完 ) KAN 言 66 ( 信 ) SHIN 現 98 ( 見 ) KEN 嫌 803 ( 謙 ) KEN GETSU 月 7 GI 義 9 儀 740 犠 74 議 9 ( 我 ) GA 疑 67 擬 68 技 89 ( 支 ) SHI 宜 37 ( 且 ) ka(tsu) 偽 58 ( 為 ) I 欺 598 ( 期 ) KI 戯 679 ( 虚 ) KYO GIN 吟 38 ( 今 ) KIN ( 含 ) GAN 銀 33 ( 金 ) KIN GO 五 7 悟 58 語 67 呉 56 娯 57 誤 98 午 49 御 7 ( 卸 ) oroshi ( 許 ) KYO 期 456 碁 984 ( 基 ) KI 護 39 ( 隻 ) SEKI ( 獲 ) KAKU ( 穫 ) KAKU 互 99 後 48 GŌ 合 59 ( 拾 ) JŪ ( 給 ) KYŪ ( 答 ) TŌ 拷 838 ( 考 ) KŌ 号 66 郷 874 剛 77 強 7 業 79 豪 786 傲 066 GOKU 極 336 獄 905 GON 厳 84 ( 敢 ) KAN 言 66 勤 568 権 335 GU 愚 755 ( 偶 ) GŪ ( 隅 ) GŪ 具 46 惧 964 ( 真 ) SHIN GŪ 偶 75 隅 753 遇 754 ( 愚 ) GU 宮 734 ( 営 ) EI GUN 郡 93 群 808 ( 君 ) KUN 400

403 軍 444 ( 車 ) SHA ( 運 ) UN ( 揮 ) KI GYAKU 逆 45 ( 朔 ) SAKU ( 塑 ) SO 虐 680 GYO 魚 90 漁 7 ( 鯨 ) GEI 御 7 ( 卸 ) oroshi ( 午 ) GO ( 許 ) KYO GYŌ 仰 099 ( 卯 ) U ( 迎 ) GEI ( 抑 ) YOKU ( 柳 ) RYŪ 暁 77 ( 焼 ) SHŌ 凝 69 ( 疑 ) GI 行 68 形 399 業 79 GYOKU 玉 95 ( 王 ) Ō GYŪ 牛 8 H HA 波 677 破 676 ( 皮 ) HI ( 披 ) HI ( 彼 ) HI ( 被 ) HI ( 疲 ) HI ( 婆 ) BA 把 84 ( 肥 ) HI 派 934 ( 脈 ) MYAKU 覇 743 HA' 法 3 ha 刃 50 羽 600 葉 53 歯 486 端 507 haba 幅 467 haba(mu) 阻 35 habu(ku) 省 45 HACHI 八 0 鉢 969 hachi 蜂 8 hada 肌 385 hadaka 裸 638 ha(e) 栄 736 ha(eru) 生 44 栄 736 映 353 hagane 鋼 75 ha(gareru) 剥 79 ha(gasu) 剥 79 hage(masu) 励 43 hage(mu) 励 43 ha(geru) 剥 79 hage(shii) 激 056 ha(gu) 剥 79 haguku(mu) 育 46 haha 母 HAI 俳 076 排 077 輩 078 ( 非 ) HI ( 悲 ) HI 敗 50 ( 貝 ) kai 背 338 ( 北 ) HOKU 廃 99 ( 発 ) HATSU 拝 64 杯 0 肺 35 配 54 hai 灰 46 hai(ru) 入 5 haji 恥 805 haji(maru) 始 503 haji(me) 初 69 haji(meru) 始 503 haji(mete) 初 69 ha(jirau) 恥 805 ha(jiru) 恥 805 haka 墓 58 haka(rau) 計 340 haka(ru) 図 339 計 340 測 60 量 47 諮 90 謀 594 hako 箱 4 hako(bu) 運 445 HAKU 白 05 伯 34 迫 33 泊 35 拍 36 舶 46 博 6 薄 54 ( 簿 ) BO ( 縛 ) BAKU 剥 79 ( 録 ) ROKU ( 緑 ) RYOKU ( 縁 ) EN ha(ku) 吐 3 掃 8 履 745 hama 浜 799 HAN 反 34 阪 450 坂 449 版 089 板 090 販 09 飯 35 ( 仮 ) KA ( 返 ) HEN 半 88 伴 066 判 065 畔 34 凡 53 汎 55 帆 54 般 47 搬 840 ( 盤 ) BAN 氾 36 犯 903 範 43 班 468 斑 469 ( 王 ) Ō 煩 005 GUN HATSU 頒 006 藩 470 ( 番 ) BAN ( 審 ) SHIN 繁 367 ( 敏 ) BIN hana 花 55 華 鼻 83 hanaha(da) 甚 600 hanaha(dashii) 甚 600 hana(reru) 放 5 離 355 hanashi 話 38 hana(su) 放 5 話 38 離 355 hana(tsu) 放 5 hane 羽 600 ha(neru) 跳 666 hara 原 36 腹 345 ha(rasu) 晴 673 腫 06 hara(u) 払 59 ha(reru) 晴 673 腫 06 hari 針 34 haru 春 468 ha(ru) 張 58 貼 83 hasa(maru) 挟 437 hasa(mu) 挟 437 hashi 端 507 橋 607 箸 93 hashira 柱 608 hashi(ru) 走 435 hata 畑 36 旗 043 端 507 機 537 hatake 畑 36 hatara(ku) 働 3 ha(tasu) 果 496 ha(te) 果 496 ha(teru) 果 496 HATSU 発 96 ( 廃 ) HAI 髪 0 40

404 HATSU HŌ ( 友 ) YŪ 鉢 969 hatsu- 初 69 haya(i) 早 48 速 5 haya(maru) 早 48 速 5 haya(meru) 早 48 速 5 hayashi 林 7 ha(yasu) 生 44 ha(zukashii) 恥 805 hazukashi(meru) 辱 860 hazu(mu) 弾 64 hazu(reru) 外 83 hazu(su) 外 83 hebi 蛇 040 heda(taru) 隔 696 heda(teru) 隔 696 HEI 丙 08 柄 09 病 38 併 8 塀 944 餅 9 幣 93 弊 94 蔽 085 兵 798 ( 丘 ) KYŪ 陛 599 ( 階 ) KAI 閉 40 ( 才 ) SAI 平 0 並 HEKI 壁 587 璧 588 癖 589 ( 避 ) HI HEN 偏 4 遍 5 編 695 変 57 ( 恋 ) REN ( 蛮 ) BAN 片 088 ( 版 ) HAN 辺 789 ( 刀 ) TŌ 返 448 ( 反 ) HAN he(rasu) 減 78 he(ru) 経 557 減 78 HI 皮 008 披 89 彼 00 被 009 疲 403 ( 破 ) HA ( 婆 ) BA 非 507 悲 075 扉 658 ( 輩 ) HAI 泌 03 秘 84 ( 必 ) HITSU 卑 6 碑 63 ( 鬼 ) KI 比 8 批 068 避 590 ( 壁 ) HEKI ( 癖 ) HEKI 妃 88 ( 己 ) KI 否 36 ( 不 ) FU 罷 09 ( 能 ) NŌ 肥 84 飛 539 費 76 hi 火 0 灯 46 氷 69 日 5 hibi(ku) 響 875 hidari 左 75 hi(eru) 冷 85 higashi 東 7 hii(deru) 秀 798 hiji 肘 377 hika(eru) 控 835 hikari 光 38 hika(ru) 光 38 hi(keru) 引 6 hiki 匹 599 hiki(iru) 率 80 hi(ku) 引 6 弾 64 hiku(i) 低 570 hiku(maru) 低 570 hiku(meru) 低 570 hima 暇 0 hime 姫 88 hi(meru) 秘 84 HIN 賓 008 頻 999 ( 少 ) SHŌ ( 歩 ) HO 品 30 ( 口 ) KŌ 浜 799 ( 兵 ) HEI 貧 766 ( 分 ) BUN hira 平 0 hira(keru) 開 400 hira(ku) 開 400 hiro(garu) 広 707 hiro(geru) 広 707 hiro(i) 広 707 hiro(maru) 広 707 hiro(meru) 広 707 hiro(u) 拾 538 hiru 昼 478 hi(ru) 干 593 hirugae(ru) 翻 606 hirugae(su) 翻 606 hisa(shii) 久 73 hiso(mu) 潜 967 hitai 額 857 hita(ru) 浸 6 hita(su) 浸 6 hito 人 hito- 一 hitomi 瞳 85 hito(ri) 独 9 hito(shii) 等 578 hito(tsu) 一 HITSU 必 59 泌 03 ( 秘 ) HI 匹 599 ( 四 ) yo(tsu) 筆 30 ( 書 ) SHO hitsuji 羊 88 hi(ya) 冷 85 hi(yakasu) 冷 85 hi(yasu) 冷 85 hiza 膝 97 HO 捕 9 哺 535 舗 536 補 90 ( 甫 ) FU 歩 437 ( 止 ) SHI ( 少 ) SHŌ ( 渉 ) SHŌ ( 頻 ) HIN 保 498 ho 火 0 帆 54 穂 84 HO' 法 3 HŌ 包 89 泡 895 抱 359 胞 358 砲 894 飽 893 方 70 芳 907 放 5 倣 908 訪 40 ( 防 ) BŌ ( 坊 ) BŌ ( 妨 ) BŌ ( 肪 ) BŌ ( 紡 ) BŌ 奉 643 俸 644 ( 奏 ) SŌ ( 棒 ) BŌ 峰 433 縫 43 報 698 ( 幸 ) KŌ ( 服 ) FUKU 豊 989 ( 曲 ) KYOKU ( 豆 ) TŌ 崩 74 ( 棚 ) tana 法 3 ( 去 ) KYO 40

405 HŌ iya(shimeru) 宝 96 ( 玉 ) GYOKU 封 558 ( 佳 ) KA 褒 88 ( 保 ) HO 邦 85 蜂 8 hō 頬 000 hodo 程 43 hodoko(su) 施 04 hoga(raka) 朗 878 hoka 外 83 他 0 hoko 矛 787 hokoro(biru) 綻 08 hoko(ru) 誇 739 HOKU 北 73 homa(re) 誉 86 ho(meru) 褒 88 hōmu(ru) 葬 83 HON 翻 606 ( 番 ) BAN 反 34 本 5 奔 773 hone 骨 340 honō 炎 49 hora 洞 380 hori 堀 94 horo(biru) 滅 4 horo(bosu) 滅 4 ho(ru) 掘 94 彫 0 hō(ru) 放 5 hoshi 星 743 ho(shii) 欲 79 hoso(i) 細 708 hoso(ru) 細 708 hos(suru) 欲 79 ho(su) 干 593 hotaru 蛍 043 hotoke 仏 59 HOTSU 発 96 HYAKU 百 4 ( 白 ) HAKU HYŌ 票 944 漂 946 標 945 表 7 俵 063 兵 798 ( 丘 ) KYŪ ( 岳 ) GAKU 氷 69 ( 永 ) EI 拍 36 ( 白 ) HAKU 評 067 ( 平 ) HEI I I 偉 096 違 833 緯 097 ( 衛 ) EI 胃 34 異 06 畏 960 ( 累 ) RUI 唯 98 維 95 ( 准 ) JUN ( 推 ) SUI ( 稚 ) CHI 委 474 萎 08 ( 季 ) KI 衣 690 依 69 尉 75 慰 76 位 ( 立 ) RITSU 医 0 ( 矢 ) SHI 囲 57 ( 井 ) SEI 移 73 ( 多 ) TA 意 3 ( 音 ) IN 遺 30 ( 貴 ) KI 椅 048 ( 奇 ) KI 易 77 威 4 為 58 彙 637 I- 以 46 i 井 55 ibara 茨 955 ICHI 一 壱 848 ichi 市 8 ichijiru(shii) 著 878 ida(ku) 抱 359 ido(mu) 挑 667 ie 家 65 ie(ru) 癒 707 ika(ru) 怒 703 i(kasu) 生 44 ike 池 9 i(keru) 生 44 IKI 域 00 ( 惑 ) WAKU iki 息 308 粋 85 ikidō(ru) 憤 775 ikio(i) 勢 656 i(kiru) 生 44 iko(i) 憩 309 iko(u) 憩 309 IKU 育 46 iku 幾 897 i(ku) 行 68 逝 485 ikusa 戦 30 ima 今 5 imashi(meru) 戒 896 i(mawashii) 忌 935 imo 芋 08 imōto 妹 4 i(mu) 忌 935 IN 員 63 韻 350 音 347 ( 損 ) SON 因 563 姻 87 咽 87 ( 囚 ) SHŪ 院 64 ( 完 ) KAN 隠 887 ( 穏 ) ON 引 6 印 086 陰 886 飲 33 淫 054 ina 否 36 ina- 稲 83 ine 稲 83 inochi 命 587 ino(ru) 祈 63 inu 犬 80 i(reru) 入 5 iro 色 04 irodo(ru) 彩 959 i(ru) 入 5 居 7 要 45 射 9 鋳 653 煎 933 isagiyo(i) 潔 307 isa(mu) 勇 474 ishi 石 78 ishizue 礎 66 isoga(shii) 忙 460 iso(gu) 急 303 ita 板 090 itadaki 頂 530 itada(ku) 頂 530 ita(i) 痛 40 ita(meru) 痛 40 傷 643 ita(mu) 悼 795 痛 40 傷 643 ita(ru) 至 94 ita(su) 致 95 ito 糸 4 itona(mu) 営 735 ITSU 一 逸 747 itsu- 五 7 itsuku(shimu) 慈 649 itsu(tsu) 五 7 itsuwa(ru) 偽 58 i(u) 言 66 iwa 岩 48 iwa(u) 祝 870 iya 嫌 803 iya(shii) 卑 6 iya(shimeru) 卑 6 403

406 iya(shimu) KA iya(shimu) 卑 6 iya(su) 癒 707 izumi 泉 53 J JA 邪 55 蛇 040 JAKU 若 553 ( 右 ) YŪ 弱 8 ( 弓 ) KYŪ 寂 784 ( 叔 ) SHUKU 着 668 ( 差 ) SA JI 寺 4 侍 580 持 458 時 4 ( 待 ) TAI ( 等 ) TŌ ( 詩 ) SHI 滋 65 慈 649 磁 650 耳 56 餌 776 治 50 ( 台 ) DAI ( 冶 ) YA ( 始 ) SHI 次 385 ( 欠 ) KETSU ( 吹 ) SUI 除 ( 余 ) YO ( 徐 ) JO 示 65 ( 元 ) GEN 仕 333 ( 士 ) SHI 字 0 ( 子 ) SHI 地 8 ( 池 ) CHI 自 6 ( 目 ) MOKU 似 583 ( 以 ) I 児 80 ( 旧 ) KYŪ 辞 70 ( 辛 ) SHIN 事 80 璽 057 JI' 十 -ji 路 5 JIKI 直 49 食 3 JIKU 軸 03 JIN 人 仁 77 ( 入 ) NYŪ 陣 493 ( 車 ) SHA ( 陳 ) CHIN 刃 50 ( 刀 ) TŌ 臣 854 腎 365 ( 巨 ) KYO 尽 844 ( 尺 ) SHAKU 神 30 ( 申 ) SHIN 迅 936 甚 600 尋 3 JITSU 日 5 実 03 JO 除 叙 4 徐 3 ( 余 ) JO 女 0 如 870 序 784 ( 予 ) YO 助 633 JŌ 壌 088 嬢 986 譲 05 醸 987 浄 675 静 674 情 09 ( 青 ) SEI ( 清 ) SEI ( 精 ) SEI ( 請 ) SEI ( 争 ) SŌ 成 6 城 733 盛 73 ( 誠 ) SEI 乗 53 剰 5 ( 垂 ) SUI 定 356 錠 967 場 54 ( 湯 ) TŌ ( 腸 ) CHŌ ( 暢 ) CHŌ 蒸 973 ( 承 ) SHŌ 常 506 ( 党 ) TŌ ( 堂 ) DŌ 状 636 ( 犬 ) KEN 畳 38 ( 且 ) ka(tsu) 縄 890 ( 亀 ) KI 丈 408 上 3 冗 7 条 573 JOKU 辱 860 ( 唇 ) SHIN JU 受 60 授 6 需 505 儒 506 樹 97 ( 膨 ) BŌ ( 鼓 ) KO 従 579 ( 縦 ) JŪ 就 96 ( 京 ) KYŌ 寿 65 呪 34 JŪ 十 汁 930 ( 計 ) KEI ( 針 ) SHIN 充 847 銃 848 ( 統 ) TŌ 従 579 縦 580 住 56 ( 主 ) SHU ( 注 ) CHŪ ( 駐 ) CHŪ 拾 538 ( 合 ) GŌ 柔 788 ( 矛 ) MU 渋 809 ( 止 ) SHI 獣 688 ( 犬 ) KEN 重 7 -JŪ 中 8 JUKU 塾 789 熟 700 ( 享 ) KYŌ ( 熱 ) NETSU JUN 准 96 準 79 ( 推 ) SUI ( 唯 ) YUI ( 集 ) SHŪ ( 稚 ) CHI ( 維 ) I 旬 338 殉 937 ( 句 ) KU 盾 786 循 576 遵 4 ( 尊 ) SON ( 導 ) DŌ 純 996 ( 鈍 ) DON 順 783 ( 訓 ) KUN 巡 79 潤 66 JUTSU 述 000 術 87 K KA 可 390 何 39 河 39 苛

407 荷 393 歌 395 化 54 花 55 貨 765 靴 4 ( 革 ) KAKU 果 496 菓 636 課 497 家 65 嫁 873 稼 874 過 49 渦 949 禍 948 加 7 架 768 ( 賀 ) GA 佳 557 ( 圭 ) KEI ( 奎 ) KEI ( 封 ) FŪ 科 30 ( 斗 ) TO ( 料 ) RYŌ 箇 570 ( 固 ) KO ( 個 ) KO 仮 09 ( 反 ) HAN 下 3 火 0 価 47 夏 469 暇 0 華 寡 007 KA' 合 59 ka 蚊 04 ( 虫 ) mushi 香 797 鹿 038 -ka 日 5 kabe 壁 587 kabu 株 754 kado 角 48 門 6 kaeri(miru) 省 45 顧 656 ka(eru) 代 56 変 57 換 693 替 757 kae(ru) 返 448 帰 37 kae(su) 返 448 帰 37 kagami 鏡 88 kagaya(ku) 輝 767 kage 陰 886 影 873 kage(ru) 陰 886 kagi 鍵 95 kagi(ru) 限 866 kago 籠 888 ka(gu) 嗅 3 KAI 皆 596 楷 598 諧 069 階 597 ( 陛 ) HEI 海 7 悔 855 ( 毎 ) MAI ( 侮 ) BU ( 梅 ) BAI 介 460 界 46 会 58 絵 345 戒 896 械 538 壊 496 懐 497 怪 573 ( 径 ) KEI ( 茎 ) KEI ( 経 ) KEI ( 軽 ) KEI 塊 65 ( 鬼 ) KI ( 魂 ) KON ( 魅 ) MI 灰 46 ( 火 ) KA ( 炭 ) TAN 街 86 ( 術 ) JUTSU ( 圭 ) KEI 潰 9 ( 貴 ) KI 快 498 ( 決 ) KETSU 解 48 ( 角 ) KAKU 回 90 改 53 拐 093 開 400 kai 貝 40 kaiko 蚕 04 kaka(eru) 抱 359 kaka(geru) 掲 733 kakari 係 93 掛 559 ka(karu) 架 768 掛 559 懸 933 kaka(ru) 係 93 kaka(waru) 関 40 ka(keru) 欠 384 架 768 掛 559 駆 049 懸 933 賭 98 kaki 垣 350 柿 034 kako(mu) 囲 57 kako(u) 囲 57 KAKU 各 65 客 65 格 653 閣 856 ( 略 ) RYAKU ( 絡 ) RAKU ( 額 ) GAKU 獲 39 穫 393 ( 隻 ) SEKI ( 護 ) GO 核 75 ( 亥 ) GAI ( 刻 ) KOKU ( 劾 ) GAI ( 該 ) GAI 拡 65 ( 広 ) KŌ 郭 788 ( 享 ) KYŌ 殻 846 ( 穀 ) KOKU KA KAN 隔 696 ( 融 ) YŪ 覚 65 ( 見 ) KEN 較 546 ( 交 ) KŌ 嚇 098 ( 赤 ) SEKI 角 48 画 343 確 63 革 3 ka(ku) 欠 384 書 3 描 566 kaku(reru) 隠 887 kaku(su) 隠 887 kama 窯 95 鎌 30 釜 3 kama(eru) 構 048 kama(u) 構 048 kame 亀 889 kami 上 3 神 30 紙 80 髪 0 kaminari 雷 98 kamo(su) 醸 987 KAN 干 593 刊 594 汗 47 肝 346 幹 48 乾 49 韓 50 ( 岸 ) GAN ( 軒 ) KEN 官 36 棺 974 管 38 館 37 閑 633 間 43 関 40 簡 634 監 777 艦 779 鑑 778 ( 濫 ) RAN ( 覧 ) RAN 405

408 KAN KEI 勧 094 歓 095 観 64 ( 権 ) KEN 完 63 冠 73 ( 元 ) GAN ( 宗 ) SHŪ 感 6 憾 96 ( 減 ) GEN ( 惑 ) WAKU 勘 60 堪 089 ( 甚 ) JIN 貫 936 慣 937 換 693 喚 694 還 885 環 884 巻 56 ( 券 ) KEN ( 圏 ) KEN 看 398 ( 手 ) SHU ( 目 ) MOKU 漢 565 ( 漠 ) BAKU ( 難 ) NAN 緩 40 ( 援 ) EN ( 暖 ) DAN 款 845 ( 隷 ) REI 寛 093 ( 見 ) KEN 甘 59 甲 06 缶 76 陥 8 患 395 寒 464 敢 807 kan 神 30 kana 金 3 kana(deru) 奏 646 kaname 要 45 kanara(zu) 必 59 kana(shii) 悲 075 kana(shimu) 悲 075 kanba(shii) 芳 907 kane 金 3 鐘 970 ka(neru) 兼 9 kanga(eru) 考 550 kanga(miru) 鑑 778 kanmuri 冠 73 kano 彼 00 kao 顔 77 kao(ri) 香 797 kao(ru) 香 797 薫 906 Kara 唐 83 空 40 kara 殻 846 karada 体 6 kara(i) 辛 584 kara(maru) 絡 859 kara(meru) 絡 859 kara(mu) 絡 859 ka(rasu) 枯 007 kare 彼 00 ka(reru) 枯 007 kari 仮 09 ka(ri) 狩 687 ka(riru) 借 780 karo(yaka) 軽 556 ka(ru) 刈 356 狩 687 駆 049 karu(i) 軽 556 kasa 傘 804 kasa(naru) 重 7 kasa(neru) 重 7 kase(gu) 稼 874 kashiko(i) 賢 36 kashira 頭 76 ka(su) 貸 76 kata 形 399 型 909 方 70 肩 337 潟 736 kata- 片 088 katachi 形 399 kata(i) 固 004 堅 363 硬 046 難 566 kataki 敵 4 katamari 塊 65 kata(maru) 固 004 kata(meru) 固 004 katamu(keru) 傾 533 katamu(ku) 傾 533 katana 刀 37 kata(rau) 語 67 kata(ru) 語 67 katawa(ra) 傍 4 katayo(ru) 偏 4 kate 糧 80 KATSU 渇 73 喝 0 褐 73 ( 掲 ) KEI ( 謁 ) ETSU 活 37 括 33 ( 舌 ) ZETSU ( 話 ) WA 割 58 轄 45 ( 害 ) GAI 滑 34 ( 骨 ) KOTSU 葛 03 ka(tsu) 且 0 勝 58 katsu(gu) 担 348 ka(u) 交 4 買 4 飼 89 kawa 川 33 皮 008 河 39 革 3 側 69 kawa(kasu) 乾 49 kawa(ku) 渇 73 乾 49 kawara 瓦 6 ka(waru) 代 56 変 57 換 693 替 757 ka(wasu) 交 4 kayo(u) 通 50 kaza 風 9 kaza(ru) 飾 03 kaze 風 9 kazo(eru) 数 5 kazu 数 5 KE 化 54 気 34 仮 09 華 家 65 懸 933 ke 毛 87 kega(rawashii) 汚 706 kega(reru) 汚 706 kega(su) 汚 706 KEI 径 57 茎 57 経 557 軽 556 ( 怪 ) KAI 刑 908 形 399 型 909 京 89 景 87 憬 854 ( 影 ) EI 詣 085 稽 084 掲 733 ( 謁 ) ETSU ( 喝 ) KATSU ( 渇 ) KATSU ( 褐 ) KATSU 系 930 係 93 ( 糸 ) SHI 敬 78 警 79 ( 驚 ) KYŌ 兄 40 競 87 渓 053 鶏 949 傾 533 ( 頂 ) CHŌ ( 項 ) KŌ 契 574 ( 喫 ) KITSU 憩 309 ( 息 ) SOKU 境 883 ( 鏡 ) KYŌ 継

409 ( 米 ) BEI 計 340 恵 8 啓 487 蛍 043 携 80 慶 74 kemono 獣 688 kemu(i) 煙 94 kemuri 煙 94 kemu(ru) 煙 94 KEN 倹 899 険 54 剣 900 検 540 験 54 券 55 拳 87 圏 57 堅 363 ( 巻 ) KAN 兼 9 嫌 803 謙 80 建 93 健 94 鍵 95 犬 80 献 438 県 94 懸 933 遣 3 ( 追 ) TSUI ( 遺 ) I 権 335 ( 歓 ) KAN ( 観 ) KAN 賢 36 ( 緊 ) KIN 軒 46 ( 干 ) KAN 件 745 ( 牛 ) GYŪ 見 63 肩 337 研 98 間 43 絹 333 憲 530 繭 086 顕 7 ke(ru) 蹴 96 ke(su) 消 864 keta 桁 69 KETSU 結 494 ( 吉 ) KICHI ( 詰 ) KITSU 穴 9 ( 八 ) HACHI 血 803 ( 皿 ) sara 決 357 ( 快 ) KAI 潔 307 ( 喫 ) KITSU 欠 384 傑 849 kewa(shii) 険 54 kezu(ru) 削 78 KI 己 37 忌 935 紀 373 起 374 記 37 基 457 棋 985 期 456 旗 043 ( 欺 ) GI 奇 444 寄 445 騎 047 ( 椅 ) I 幾 897 機 537 畿 898 揮 766 輝 767 ( 軍 ) GUN ( 運 ) UN 伎 890 岐 89 ( 支 ) SHI ( 技 ) GI 気 34 汽 35 机 384 飢 383 帰 37 ( 掃 ) SŌ ( 婦 ) FU 希 689 ( 布 ) FU 祈 63 ( 斤 ) KIN 企 490 ( 止 ) SHI 危 543 ( 厄 ) YAKU 季 473 ( 委 ) I 軌 9 ( 軟 ) NAN 亀 889 ( 縄 ) JŌ 既 55 ( 牙 ) GA 貴 8 ( 潰 ) KAI 鬼 64 棄 993 器 536 規 67 喜 96 毀 897 ki 木 黄 794 ki- 生 44 kiba 牙 548 kibi(shii) 厳 84 KICHI 吉 94 ki(eru) 消 864 ki(koeru) 聞 64 KIKU 菊 483 ki(ku) 聞 64 聴 080 利 39 効 835 ki(maru) 決 357 ki(meru) 決 357 kimi 君 807 kimo 肝 346 KIN 勤 568 僅 35 謹 34 金 3 巾 687 錦 5 今 5 琴 39 ( 含 ) GAN ( 吟 ) GIN 禁 49 KEI KO 襟 639 ( 示 ) SHI ( 林 ) RIN 斤 073 近 45 緊 364 ( 堅 ) KEN ( 賢 ) KEN 均 80 筋 4 菌 85 kinu 絹 333 kira(u) 嫌 803 ki(reru) 切 39 kiri 霧 980 ki(ru) 切 39 着 668 斬 93 ki(seru) 着 668 kishi 岸 595 kiso(u) 競 87 kita 北 73 kita(eru) 鍛 966 kitana(i) 汚 706 kita(ru) 来 69 kita(su) 来 69 KITSU 吉 94 詰 95 ( 結 ) KETSU 喫 306 ( 契 ) KEI ( 潔 ) KETSU kiwa 際 68 kiwa(maru) 極 336 窮 99 kiwa(meru) 究 97 窮 99 極 336 kiwa(mi) 極 336 kiyo(i) 清 67 kiyo(maru) 清 67 kiyo(meru) 清 67 kiza(mu) 刻 74 kiza(shi) 兆 665 kiza(su) 兆 665 kizu 傷 643 kizu(ku) 築 70 KO 古 7 固 004 枯 007 故

410 KO koto 個 005 錮 006 ( 居 ) KYO 戸 5 湖 475 雇 655 顧 656 孤 577 弧 578 虎 677 虚 678 拠 90 ( 処 ) SHO 己 37 去 40 呼 35 庫 844 鼓 00 誇 739 股 055 ko 子 03 木 粉 87 黄 794 ko- 小 7 KŌ 口 54 向 99 后 7 拘 938 高 90 格 653 稿 7 興 369 交 4 郊 836 効 835 校 5 絞 545 ( 父 ) FU ( 紋 ) MON 工 39 巧 737 功 837 攻 838 項 59 江 840 紅 839 貢 836 控 835 ( 空 ) KŪ 溝 050 構 048 講 797 購 049 公 6 広 707 鉱 7 勾 734 更 045 梗 047 硬 046 ( 便 ) BEN 孔 970 好 04 厚 649 孝 55 考 550 酵 06 行 68 後 48 衡 69 坑 7 抗 843 航 84 侯 07 候 974 喉 08 洪 55 港 680 ( 共 ) KYŌ ( 供 ) KYŌ 綱 76 鋼 75 ( 剛 ) GŌ 荒 464 慌 465 耗 60 耕 59 仰 099 ( 仰 ) YOKU ( 仰 ) BŌ 恒 349 ( 宣 ) SEN 降 977 ( 隆 ) RYŪ 康 96 ( 逮 ) TAI 甲 06 光 38 幸 697 香 797 肯 334 黄 794 皇 97 kō 神 30 koba(mu) 拒 370 kobushi 拳 87 koe 声 759 肥 84 ko(eru) 超 037 越 038 肥 84 ko(gareru) 焦 036 ko(gasu) 焦 036 ko(geru) 焦 036 kogo(eru) 凍 68 koi 恋 58 ko(i) 濃 987 koi(shii) 恋 58 kokono- 九 kokono(tsu) 九 kokoro 心 97 kokoro(miru) 試 535 kokoroyo(i) 快 498 kokorozashi 志 58 kokoroza(su) 志 58 KOKU 告 703 酷 88 ( 造 ) ZŌ 刻 74 ( 亥 ) GAI ( 劾 ) GAI ( 核 ) KAKU 国 40 ( 玉 ) GYOKU 黒 06 ( 里 ) RI 穀 847 ( 殻 ) KAKU 石 78 克 459 谷 664 koma 駒 050 koma(ka) 細 708 koma(kai) 細 708 koma(ru) 困 567 kome 米 4 ko(meru) 込 790 ko(moru) 籠 888 ko(mu) 込 790 混 83 kōmu(ru) 被 009 KON 根 34 恨 879 痕 880 ( 限 ) GEN ( 眼 ) GAN ( 銀 ) GIN 昆 037 混 83 墾 88 懇 87 困 567 ( 木 ) BOKU ( 因 ) IN 魂 66 ( 鬼 ) KI ( 塊 ) KAI 建 93 ( 健 ) KEN 紺 59 ( 甘 ) KAN 献 438 ( 犬 ) KEN 今 5 金 3 婚 576 kona 粉 87 kono(mu) 好 04 ko(rashimeru) 懲 50 ko(rasu) 凝 69 懲 50 kōri 氷 69 ko(riru) 懲 50 koro 頃 53 koro(bu) 転 439 koro(garu) 転 439 koro(gasu) 転 439 koro(geru) 転 439 koromo 衣 690 koro(su) 殺 585 ko(ru) 凝 69 凍 68 koshi 腰 373 ko(su) 超 037 越 038 kota(e) 答 60 kota(eru) 答 60 応 846 koto 事 80 琴

411 異 06 -koto 言 66 koto (ni) 殊 604 kotobuki 寿 65 kotowa(ru) 断 063 KOTSU 骨 340 滑 34 ko(u) 恋 58 請 67 乞 00 kowa- 声 759 kowa(i) 怖 959 kowa(reru) 壊 496 kowa(su) 壊 496 ko(yashi) 肥 84 ko(yasu) 肥 84 koyomi 暦 635 KU 工 39 功 837 紅 839 貢 836 ( 江 ) KŌ ( 攻 ) KŌ ( 空 ) KŪ 口 54 句 337 ( 旬 ) JUN 区 83 駆 049 供 97 ( 共 ) KYŌ 苦 554 ( 古 ) KO 宮 734 ( 営 ) EI 庫 844 ( 車 ) SHA 九 久 73 KŪ 空 40 kuba(ru) 配 54 kubi 首 48 kuchi 口 54 kuchibiru 唇 859 ku(chiru) 朽 738 kuda 管 38 kuda(keru) 砕 87 kuda(ku) 砕 87 kuda(ru) 下 3 kuda(saru) 下 3 kuda(su) 下 3 ku(iru) 悔 855 kujira 鯨 73 kuki 茎 57 kuma 熊 389 kumi 組 44 kumo 雲 646 kumo(ru) 曇 647 ku(mu) 組 44 KUN 勲 905 薫 906 ( 重 ) JŪ 君 807 ( 伊 ) I 訓 785 kuni 国 40 kura 倉 386 蔵 360 kura(beru) 比 8 kurai 位 kura(i) 暗 348 ku(rasu) 暮 57 ku(rau) 食 3 kurenai 紅 839 ku(reru) 暮 57 kuro 黒 06 kuro(i) 黒 06 ku(ru) 来 69 繰 768 kuruma 車 33 kuru(oshii) 狂 904 kuru(shii) 苦 554 kuru(shimeru) 苦 554 kuru(shimu) 苦 554 kuru(u) 狂 904 kusa 草 49 kusa(i) 臭 30 kusa(rasu) 腐 3 kusa(reru) 腐 3 kusari 鎖 968 kusa(ru) 腐 3 kuse 癖 589 kushi 串 394 kusuri 薬 360 KUTSU 屈 940 掘 94 窟 943 ( 出 ) SHUTSU kutsu 靴 4 kutsugae(ru) 覆 744 kutsugae(su) 覆 744 ku(u) 食 3 kuwa 桑 035 kuwada(teru) 企 490 kuwa(eru) 加 7 kuwa(shii) 詳 683 kuwa(waru) 加 7 ku(yamu) 悔 855 kuya(shii) 悔 855 kuzu 葛 03 kuzu(reru) 崩 74 kuzu(su) 崩 74 KYA 脚 96 KYAKU 却 95 脚 96 ( 去 ) KYO 客 65 ( 各 ) KAKU KYO 巨 368 拒 370 距 369 挙 85 ( 手 ) SHU ( 誉 ) YO 去 40 ( 土 ) DO 拠 90 ( 処 ) SHO 居 7 ( 古 ) KO 虚 678 ( 戯 ) GI 許 750 ( 午 ) GO KYŌ 共 96 供 97 恭 54 ( 洪 ) KŌ 挟 437 狭 436 峡 435 ( 来 ) RAI 兄 40 況 869 競 87 享 787 京 89 橋 607 矯 09 koto KYŪ 凶 354 胸 357 協 34 脅 335 郷 874 響 875 境 883 鏡 88 経 557 ( 径 ) KEI ( 怪 ) KAI 驚 90 ( 敬 ) KEI ( 警 ) KEI 叫 3 ( 糾 ) KYŪ 狂 904 ( 王 ) Ō 教 45 ( 孝 ) KŌ 興 369 ( 同 ) DŌ 香 797 恐 709 強 7 KYOKU 曲 367 ( 典 ) TEN 局 70 極 336 KYŪ 及 38 吸 37 級 577 ( 扱 ) atsuka(u) 求 737 球 739 救 738 九 究 97 弓 窮 99 糾 89 ( 叫 ) KYŌ 旧 79 ( 日 ) NICHI 休 60 ( 木 ) BOKU 朽 738 ( 巧 ) KŌ 泣 300 ( 立 ) RITSU 宮

412 KYŪ MŌ ( 営 ) EI 給 346 ( 合 ) GŌ 久 73 丘 44 臼 896 急 303 嗅 3 M MA 麻 630 摩 63 磨 63 魔 69 ( 暦 ) REKI ( 歴 ) REKI ma 目 55 真 48 馬 83 間 43 maboroshi 幻 9 machi 町 8 街 86 mado 窓 7 mado(u) 惑 00 mae 前 47 ma(garu) 曲 367 ma(geru) 曲 367 magi(rasu) 紛 88 magi(rawashii) 紛 88 magi(rawasu) 紛 88 magi(reru) 紛 88 mago 孫 93 MAI 妹 4 昧 43 ( 未 ) MI ( 味 ) MI 毎 6 ( 母 ) BO ( 海 ) KAI 枚 ( 牧 ) BOKU 埋 975 ( 里 ) RI 米 4 mai 舞 89 mai(ru) 参 73 maji(eru) 交 4 ma(jiru) 交 4 混 83 maji(waru) 交 4 makana(u) 賄 86 maka(seru) 任 334 ma(kasu) 負 59 maka(su) 任 334 ma(keru) 負 59 maki 牧 744 巻 56 makoto 誠 73 MAKU 幕 5 膜 55 ( 漠 ) BAKU ma(ku) 巻 56 makura 枕 965 mame 豆 988 mamo(ru) 守 499 MAN 漫 500 慢 499 万 6 満 0 mana(bu) 学 09 manako 眼 867 mane(ku) 招 46 manuka(reru) 免 746 -maru 丸 654 maru(i) 丸 654 円 3 maru(meru) 丸 654 masa (ni) 正 75 masa(ru) 勝 58 masu 升 074 ma(su) 増 75 mata 又 700 股 055 matata(ku) 瞬 850 mato 的 0 MATSU 末 305 抹 090 matsu 松 709 ma(tsu) 待 459 matsu(ri) 祭 67 matsurigoto 政 49 matsu(ru) 祭 67 matta(ku) 全 89 ma(u) 舞 89 mawa(ri) 周 9 mawa(ru) 回 90 mawa(su) 回 90 mayo(u) 迷 998 mayu 眉 85 繭 086 ma(zaru) 交 4 混 83 ma(zeru) 交 4 混 83 mazu(shii) 貧 766 me 女 0 目 55 芽 549 雌 477 megu(mu) 恵 8 megu(ru) 巡 79 MEI 名 8 銘 654 明 8 盟 730 命 587 ( 念 ) NEN 迷 998 ( 米 ) BEI 鳴 948 ( 鳥 ) CHŌ 冥 5 MEN 面 74 麺 30 綿 5 ( 線 ) SEN ( 錦 ) KIN 免 746 meshi 飯 35 mesu 雌 477 me(su) 召 03 METSU 滅 4 mezura(shii) 珍 78 MI 未 306 味 307 魅 67 ( 妹 ) MAI ( 末 ) MATSU 眉 85 mi 身 59 実 03 mi- 三 4 michi 道 49 michibi(ku) 導 76 mi(chiru) 満 0 mida(ra) 淫 054 mida(reru) 乱 70 mida(su) 乱 70 midori 緑 546 mi(eru) 見 63 miga(ku) 磨 63 migi 右 76 mijika(i) 短 5 miji(me) 惨 843 miki 幹 48 mikotonori 詔 055 mimi 耳 56 MIN 民 77 眠 868 ( 眼 ) GAN mina 皆 596 minami 南 74 minamoto 源 589 minato 港 680 mine 峰 433 miniku(i) 醜 68 mino(ru) 実 03 mi(ru) 見 63 診 77 misaki 岬 449 misao 操 769 misasagi 陵 996 mise 店 68 mi(seru) 見 63 mi(tasu) 満 0 mito(meru) 認 75 MITSU 密 8 蜜 83 ( 必 ) HITSU mi(tsu) 三 4 mitsu(gu) 貢 836 mit(tsu) 三 4 miya 宮 734 miyako 都 88 mizo 溝 050 mizu 水 mizuka(ra) 自 6 mizuumi 湖 475 MO 模 54 ( 膜 ) MAKU ( 漠 ) BAKU 茂 563 mo 喪 793 藻 77 MŌ 亡 684 妄 463 盲 46 40

413 望 685 毛 87 耗 60 網 70 ( 綱 ) KŌ 猛 685 mochi 餅 9 mochi(iru) 用 07 mō(deru) 詣 085 modo(ru) 戻 304 modo(su) 戻 304 mo(eru) 燃 663 mogu(ru) 潜 967 mō(keru) 設 586 MOKU 木 目 55 黙 684 momo 桃 670 MON 門 6 問 6 聞 64 文 紋 547 ( 絞 ) KŌ monme 匁 37 mono 者 64 物 79 moppa(ra) 専 60 mo(rasu) 漏 945 mo(reru) 漏 945 mori 森 8 守 499 mo(ru) 盛 73 漏 945 mo(shikuwa) 若 553 mo(su) 燃 663 mō(su) 申 309 moteaso(bu) 弄 004 moto 下 3 元 37 本 5 基 457 motoi 基 457 moto(meru) 求 737 MOTSU 物 79 mo(tsu) 持 458 motto(mo) 最 63 mo(yasu) 燃 663 moyō(su) 催 399 MU 矛 787 務 35 霧 980 ( 予 ) YO 夢 830 ( 夕 ) YŪ 謀 594 ( 某 ) BŌ 武 07 無 93 mu- 六 8 mugi 麦 70 mui- 六 8 muka(eru) 迎 098 mukashi 昔 778 mu(kau) 向 99 mu(keru) 向 99 muko 婿 868 mu(kō) 向 99 mu(ku) 向 99 muku(iru) 報 698 muna 胸 357 棟 495 mune 旨 08 胸 357 棟 495 mura 村 9 群 808 murasaki 紫 478 mu(rasu) 蒸 973 mu(re) 群 808 mu(reru) 蒸 973 群 808 muro 室 66 musabo(ru) 貪 837 mushi 虫 893 mu(su) 蒸 973 musu(bu) 結 494 musume 娘 876 mu(tsu) 六 8 mut(tsu) 六 8 muzuka(shii) 難 566 MYAKU 脈 935 ( 派 ) HA MYŌ 妙 09 ( 抄 ) SHŌ ( 砂 ) SA ( 秒 ) BYŌ 命 587 ( 念 ) NEN N 名 8 明 8 冥 5 NA 奈 947 ( 捺 ) NATSU 納 77 ( 内 ) NAI 那 86 南 74 NA' 納 77 ( 内 ) NAI na 名 8 菜 958 nabe 鍋 950 nae 苗 565 na(eru) 萎 08 naga(i) 永 70 長 95 naga(meru) 眺 668 naga(reru) 流 47 naga(su) 流 47 nage(kawashii) 嘆 33 nage(ku) 嘆 33 na(geru) 投 060 nago(mu) 和 4 nago(yaka) 和 4 nagu(ru) 殴 8 nagusa(meru) 慰 76 nagusa(mu) 慰 76 NAI 内 84 na(i) 亡 684 無 93 naka 中 8 仲 430 naka(ba) 半 88 na(ku) 泣 300 鳴 948 nama 生 44 nama(keru) 怠 37 namari 鉛 73 name(raka) 滑 34 nami 並 波 677 namida 涙 305 NAN 納 77 MŌ nemu(i) ( 内 ) NAI 軟 9 ( 軌 ) KI 難 566 ( 漢 ) KAN 南 74 男 0 nan 何 39 nana- 七 9 nana(me) 斜 6 nana(tsu) 七 9 nani 何 39 nano- 七 9 nao(ru) 直 49 治 50 nao(su) 直 49 治 50 nara(beru) 並 nara(bi ni) 並 nara(bu) 並 na(rasu) 鳴 948 慣 937 nara(u) 倣 908 習 60 na(reru) 慣 937 na(ru) 成 6 鳴 948 nasa(ke) 情 09 nashi 梨 95 na(su) 成 6 natsu 夏 469 natsu(kashii) 懐 497 natsu(kashimu) 懐 497 natsu(keru) 懐 497 natsu(ku) 懐 497 nawa 苗 565 縄 890 naya(masu) 悩 353 naya(mu) 悩 353 nazo 謎 999 ne 音 347 値 43 根 34 neba(ru) 粘 84 nega(u) 願 590 NEI 寧 50 ne(kasu) 寝 7 neko 猫 567 nemu(i) 眠 868 4

414 nemu(ru) oku(ru) nemu(ru) 眠 868 NEN 念 588 捻 094 ( 今 ) KON ( 命 ) MEI 然 66 燃 663 粘 84 ( 占 ) SEN 年 45 nengo(ro) 懇 87 nera(u) 狙 36 ne(ru) 寝 7 練 756 neta(mu) 妬 956 NETSU 熱 655 NI 二 3 仁 77 弐 070 児 80 ( 旧 ) KYŪ 尼 78 ni 荷 393 nibu(i) 鈍 997 nibu(ru) 鈍 997 NICHI 日 5 ni(eru) 煮 93 niga(i) 苦 554 niga(ru) 苦 554 ni(gasu) 逃 669 ni(geru) 逃 669 nigi(ru) 握 83 nigo(ru) 濁 735 nigo(su) 濁 735 nii- 新 74 niji 虹 045 NIKU 肉 3 niku(i) 憎 45 niku(mu) 憎 45 niku(rashii) 憎 45 niku(shimi) 憎 45 NIN 任 334 妊 985 ( 賃 ) CHIN 忍 503 認 75 ( 刃 ) JIN 人 nina(u) 担 348 nio(u) 匂 730 ni(ru) 似 583 煮 93 nise 偽 58 nishi 西 7 nishiki 錦 5 niwa 庭 64 niwatori 鶏 949 ni(yasu) 煮 93 no 野 36 NŌ 悩 353 脳 35 農 370 濃 987 能 387 ( 態 ) TAI 納 77 ( 内 ) NAI no(basu) 伸 60 延 67 no(beru) 述 000 伸 60 延 67 no(biru) 伸 60 延 67 nobo(ru) 上 3 昇 909 登 99 nobo(seru) 上 3 nobo(su) 上 3 nochi 後 48 nodo 喉 08 noga(reru) 逃 669 noga(su) 逃 669 noki 軒 46 noko(ru) 残 66 noko(su) 残 66 no(mu) 飲 33 nonoshi(ru) 罵 05 noro(u) 呪 34 no(ru) 乗 53 載 76 no(seru) 乗 53 載 76 nozo(ku) 除 nozo(mu) 望 685 臨 855 nu(geru) 脱 457 nu(gu) 脱 457 nugu(u) 拭 07 nu(karu) 抜 830 nu(kasu) 抜 830 nu(keru) 抜 830 nu(ku) 抜 830 numa 沼 033 nuno 布 688 nu(ru) 塗 nushi 主 55 nusu(mu) 盗 5 nu(u) 縫 43 NYAKU 若 553 NYO 女 0 如 870 NYŌ 尿 030 ( 水 ) SUI 女 0 NYŪ 入 5 ( 人 ) JIN 乳 969 ( 浮 ) FU 柔 788 O O 悪 304 ( 亜 ) A 汚 706 和 4 o 緒 88 尾 08 雄 476 o- 小 7 Ō 王 94 旺 058 皇 97 殴 8 欧 06 ( 区 ) KU 黄 794 横 795 往 940 ( 主 ) SHU ( 注 ) CHŪ ( 柱 ) CHŪ 応 846 ( 心 ) SHIN 押 0 ( 甲 ) KŌ 翁 5 ( 公 ) KŌ 凹 069 央 35 桜 95 奥 484 ō- 大 6 obi 帯 994 o(biru) 帯 994 obiya(kasu) 脅 335 obo(eru) 覚 65 obo(reru) 溺 966 ochii(ru) 陥 8 o(chiru) 落 858 oda(yaka) 穏 888 odo(kasu) 脅 335 odo(ri) 踊 66 odoro(kasu) 驚 90 odoro(ku) 驚 90 odo(ru) 踊 66 躍 663 odo(su) 脅 335 o(eru) 終 466 oga(mu) 拝 64 ōgi 扇 657 ogina(u) 補 90 ogoso(ka) 厳 84 ō(i) 多 9 ō(i ni) 大 6 o(iru) 老 55 oka 丘 44 岡 440 oka(su) 犯 903 侵 5 冒 56 oki 沖 49 ō(kii) 大 6 o(kiru) 起 374 okona(u) 行 68 oko(ru) 興 369 怒 703 o(koru) 起 374 oko(su) 興 369 o(kosu) 起 374 okota(ru) 怠 37 OKU 億 383 憶 38 臆 378 ( 意 ) I 屋 67 oku 奥 484 o(ku) 置 43 oku(rasu) 遅 75 oku(reru) 後 48 遅 75 oku(ru) 送 447 4

415 贈 45 omo 主 55 面 74 omo(i) 重 7 omomuki 趣 039 omomu(ku) 赴 560 omote 表 7 面 74 omo(u) 思 99 ON 恩 564 ( 因 ) IN 遠 453 ( 園 ) EN 温 644 ( 湯 ) TŌ 穏 888 ( 隠 ) IN 音 347 怨 375 on- 御 7 ona(ji) 同 98 oni 鬼 64 onna 女 0 onoono 各 65 onore 己 37 ore 俺 06 o(reru) 折 483 ori 折 483 o(riru) 下 3 降 977 oro(ka) 愚 755 oroshi 卸 70 oro(su) 卸 70 o(rosu) 下 3 降 977 o(ru) 折 483 織 693 osa(eru) 抑 00 o(saeru) 押 0 osa(maru) 収 770 治 50 修 975 納 77 osa(meru) 収 770 治 50 修 975 納 77 osana(i) 幼 93 ō(se) 仰 099 oshi(eru) 教 45 o(shii) 惜 779 o(shimu) 惜 779 oso(i) 遅 75 osore 虞 9 oso(reru) 恐 709 畏 960 oso(roshii) 恐 709 oso(u) 襲 68 oso(waru) 教 45 osu 雄 476 o(su) 押 0 推 97 oto 音 347 otoko 男 0 otoro(eru) 衰 79 oto(ru) 劣 03 otoshii(reru) 陥 8 o(tosu) 落 858 otōto 弟 409 otozu(reru) 訪 40 OTSU 乙 07 otto 夫 35 o(u) 生 44 追 3 負 59 ō(u) 覆 744 o(waru) 終 466 oya 親 75 ōyake 公 6 oyo(bi) 及 38 oyo(bosu) 及 38 oyo(bu) 及 38 oyo(gu) 泳 7 R RA 裸 638 ( 果 ) KA ( 課 ) KA 羅 07 ( 維 ) I 拉 30 ( 立 ) RITSU RAI 礼 630 来 69 雷 98 頼 63 RAKU 落 858 絡 859 酪 05 ( 各 ) KAKU ( 略 ) RYAKU 楽 359 ( 薬 ) YAKU RAN 覧 366 濫 3 籃 33 卵 03 ( 卯 ) U 乱 70 ( 舌 ) ZETSU 欄 65 RATSU 辣 585 ( 束 ) SOKU ( 辛 ) SHIN REI 令 850 冷 85 鈴 97 零 97 齢 85 ( 領 ) RYŌ 隷 9 ( 逮 ) TAI ( 康 ) KŌ ( 款 ) KAN 礼 630 ( 札 ) SATSU 戻 304 ( 涙 ) RUI 例 6 ( 列 ) RETSU 励 43 霊 5 麗 740 REKI 暦 635 歴 489 REN 練 756 錬 965 連 446 ( 車 ) SHA 廉 804 ( 兼 ) KEN 恋 58 ( 変 ) HEN RETSU 列 6 烈 44 裂 43 ( 例 ) REI 劣 03 RI 里 4 理 43 oku(ru) RŌ 裏 73 ( 厘 ) RIN 利 39 痢 95 璃 606 離 355 吏 044 ( 史 ) SHI 履 745 ( 復 ) FUKU RICHI 律 678 RIKI 力 00 RIKU 陸 657 RIN 倫 0 輪 ( 論 ) RON 臨 855 ( 臣 ) SHIN ( 品 ) HIN 林 7 ( 木 ) BOKU 厘 076 ( 里 ) RI 鈴 97 ( 令 ) REI 隣 88 RITSU 律 678 ( 津 ) SHIN 率 80 ( 卒 ) SOTSU 立 慄 963 RO 賂 86 路 5 露 98 ( 各 ) KAKU ( 足 ) SOKU 炉 96 ( 戸 ) KO 呂 396 ( 侶 ) RYO RŌ 郎 04 浪 877 朗 878 廊 05 ( 良 ) RYŌ ( 郷 ) KYŌ 漏 945 露 98 ( 雨 ) U ( 路 ) RO 43

416 RŌ samurai 楼 99 ( 桜 ) Ō ( 数 ) SŪ 老 55 ( 考 ) KŌ 労 33 ( 力 ) RYOKU 糧 80 ( 量 ) RYŌ 弄 004 籠 888 ROKU 緑 546 録 547 ( 緑 ) EN 六 8 麓 039 RON 論 93 ( 倫 ) RIN ( 輪 ) RIN RU 留 774 瑠 605 流 47 RUI 累 05 塁 80 涙 305 ( 戻 ) REI 類 6 RYAKU 略 860 ( 各 ) KAKU ( 絡 ) RAKU RYO 虜 473 慮 47 旅 ( 族 ) ZOKU 侶 397 ( 呂 ) RO RYŌ 僚 406 寮 405 暸 407 療 404 量 47 糧 80 料 39 ( 斗 ) TO ( 科 ) KA 陵 996 ( 陸 ) RIKU 領 853 ( 令 ) REI 涼 67 ( 京 ) KYŌ 漁 7 ( 魚 ) GYO 猟 686 ( 犬 ) KEN 了 97 両 00 良 3 霊 5 RYOKU 緑 546 ( 録 ) ROKU ( 縁 ) EN 力 00 RYŪ 立 粒 86 竜 886 柳 03 留 774 ( 貿 ) BŌ 流 47 硫 0 隆 976 ( 降 ) KŌ S SA 左 75 佐 867 差 669 ( 着 ) CHAKU 作 36 詐 597 ( 昨 ) SAKU ( 酢 ) SAKU 沙 05 砂 04 唆 998 ( 俊 ) SHUN ( 酸 ) SAN 再 796 茶 5 査 634 鎖 968 SA' 早 48 saba(ku) 裁 75 sabi 寂 784 sabi(reru) 寂 784 sabi(shii) 寂 784 sachi 幸 697 sada(ka) 定 356 sada(maru) 定 356 sada(meru) 定 356 saegi(ru) 遮 899 sa(garu) 下 3 saga(su) 捜 06 探 544 sa(geru) 下 3 提 638 sagesu(mu) 蔑 564 sagu(ru) 探 544 SAI 栽 77 裁 75 歳 487 載 76 采 957 採 960 彩 959 菜 958 斎 575 済 558 ( 斉 ) SEI ( 剤 ) ZAI 才 560 財 56 ( 材 ) ZAI 祭 67 際 68 ( 察 ) SATSU 砕 87 ( 枠 ) waku ( 粋 ) SUI ( 酔 ) SUI 債 70 ( 責 ) SEKI ( 積 ) SEKI ( 績 ) SEKI 切 39 ( 刀 ) TŌ 宰 586 ( 辛 ) SHIN 最 63 ( 取 ) SHU 西 7 再 796 災 48 妻 68 殺 585 細 708 催 399 塞 465 sai 埼 446 saiwa(i) 幸 697 saka 坂 449 逆 45 酒 56 saka(eru) 栄 736 sakai 境 883 saka(n) 盛 73 sakana 魚 90 sakanobo(ru) 989 saka(rau) 逆 45 saka(ru) 盛 73 sakazuki 杯 0 sake 酒 56 sake(bu) 叫 3 sa(keru) 裂 43 避 590 saki 先 50 崎 447 SAKU 作 36 昨 36 酢 07 搾 596 ( 詐 ) SA 冊 3 柵 330 錯 6 ( 昔 ) SEKI ( 借 ) SHAKU ( 措 ) SO ( 惜 ) SEKI 削 78 ( 肖 ) SHŌ 索 04 ( 糸 ) SHI 策 90 ( 刺 ) SHI sa(ku) 咲 95 裂 43 割 58 sakura 桜 95 sama 様 407 -sama 様 407 sa(masu) 冷 85 覚 65 samata(geru) 妨 4 sa(meru) 冷 85 覚 65 samu(i) 寒 464 samurai 侍

417 SAN 参 73 惨 843 桟 078 ( 浅 ) SEN ( 残 ) ZAN ( 銭 ) SEN 産 78 ( 生 ) SEI ( 彦 ) GEN 酸 55 ( 俊 ) SHUN ( 唆 ) SA 散 78 ( 昔 ) SEKI 賛 758 ( 替 ) TAI 三 4 山 34 蚕 04 傘 804 算 760 sara 皿 48 更 045 saru 猿 690 sa(ru) 去 40 sasa(eru) 支 38 sa(saru) 刺 90 saso(u) 誘 799 sa(su) 指 08 挿 765 刺 90 差 669 sato 里 4 sato(ru) 悟 58 sato(su) 諭 706 SATSU 察 69 擦 60 ( 祭 ) SAI ( 際 ) SAI 刹 87 殺 585 撮 6 ( 取 ) SHU ( 最 ) SAI 札 ( 礼 ) REI 冊 3 刷 087 拶 0 sawa 沢 03 sawa(gu) 騒 895 sawa(ru) 障 877 触 894 sawa(yaka) 爽 059 sazu(karu) 授 6 sazu(keru) 授 6 SE 施 04 ( 旋 ) SEN 世 5 se 背 338 瀬 64 seba(maru) 狭 436 seba(meru) 狭 436 SECHI 節 47 SEI 青 08 清 67 情 09 晴 673 静 674 精 670 請 67 生 44 姓 869 性 98 星 743 醒 0 牲 74 ( 産 ) SAN 正 75 征 66 政 49 整 5 ( 延 ) EN ( 症 ) SHŌ ( 証 ) SHŌ 成 6 盛 73 誠 73 逝 485 誓 484 ( 折 ) SETSU 制 433 製 434 省 45 ( 少 ) SHŌ 勢 656 ( 熱 ) NETSU 凄 683 ( 妻 ) SAI 井 55 世 5 西 7 声 759 斉 574 婿 868 聖 686 歳 487 sei 背 338 SEKI 昔 778 惜 779 籍 6 ( 借 ) SHAKU ( 措 ) SO ( 錯 ) SAKU 責 666 積 667 績 69 ( 債 ) SAI 赤 07 跡 673 ( 亦 ) YAKU 戚 488 寂 784 ( 淑 ) SHUKU 斥 490 ( 斤 ) KIN 析 48 ( 折 ) SETSU 席 380 ( 度 ) DO 夕 8 石 78 脊 339 隻 390 seki 関 40 sema(i) 狭 436 sema(ru) 迫 33 se(meru) 責 666 攻 838 SEN 浅 660 践 67 銭 659 ( 残 ) ZAN ( 桟 ) SAN 先 50 洗 705 銑 40 泉 53 線 99 腺 54 栓 993 詮 994 ( 全 ) ZEN SAN SHA 鮮 74 羨 94 ( 羊 ) YŌ 潜 967 ( 替 ) TAI ( 賛 ) SAN 宣 635 ( 恒 ) KŌ 仙 064 ( 山 ) SAN 旋 04 ( 施 ) SE 選 84 ( 巽 ) SON 川 33 千 5 占 8 染 793 専 60 扇 657 船 377 箋 67 遷 943 繊 676 煎 933 戦 30 薦 74 se(ru) 競 87 SETSU 刹 87 殺 585 設 586 切 39 窃 834 ( 刀 ) TŌ 接 495 摂 808 説 404 ( 悦 ) ETSU ( 税 ) ZEI ( 鋭 ) EI 折 483 ( 析 ) SEKI ( 誓 ) SEI 拙 939 ( 出 ) SHUTSU 節 47 ( 即 ) SOKU 雪 979 SHA 舎 805 捨

418 SHA shirushi 者 64 煮 93 射 9 謝 93 斜 6 ( 斗 ) TO ( 余 ) YO ( 科 ) KA ( 料 ) RYŌ 砂 04 ( 少 ) SHŌ 写 549 ( 与 ) YO 赦 675 ( 赤 ) SEKI 遮 899 ( 庶 ) SHO 社 308 車 33 SHAKU 尺 07 釈 605 ( 沢 ) TAKU ( 訳 ) YAKU ( 駅 ) EKI 昔 778 借 780 ( 錯 ) SAKU ( 惜 ) SEKI ( 措 ) SO 勺 38 酌 0 ( 釣 ) tsu(ru) 石 78 赤 07 爵 05 SHI 次 385 姿 953 恣 954 資 763 諮 90 ( 欠 ) KETSU 止 485 祉 479 紫 478 歯 486 雌 477 司 86 伺 89 詞 86 嗣 097 飼 89 士 58 仕 333 志 58 誌 583 市 8 姉 4 師 45 ( 帥 ) SUI 支 38 枝 889 肢 99 旨 08 指 08 脂 083 史 33 使 33 ( 吏 ) RI 氏 575 紙 80 示 65 視 66 詩 579 ( 寺 ) JI ( 侍 ) JI ( 持 ) JI ( 時 ) JI 私 5 ( 仏 ) BUTSU ( 払 ) FUTSU 始 503 ( 台 ) TAI ( 治 ) JI 思 99 ( 恩 ) ON 子 03 ( 了 ) RYŌ 刺 90 ( 策 ) SAKU 施 04 ( 旋 ) SEN 試 535 ( 式 ) SHIKI 賜 980 ( 易 ) EKI 矢 3 四 6 死 85 至 94 自 6 糸 4 摯 095 shiawa(se) 幸 697 shiba 芝 50 shiba(ru) 縛 54 shibo(ru) 絞 545 搾 596 shibu 渋 809 shibu(i) 渋 809 shibu(ru) 渋 809 SHICHI 七 9 質 76 shige(ru) 茂 563 shi(iru) 強 7 shiita(geru) 虐 680 shika 鹿 038 shika(ru) 叱 33 SHIKI 織 693 識 694 色 04 式 534 shi(ku) 敷 544 shima 島 86 shi(maru) 絞 545 締 39 閉 40 shime(ru) 湿 6 shi(meru) 絞 545 締 39 占 8 閉 40 shime(su) 示 65 湿 6 shi(mi) 染 793 shi(miru) 染 793 shimo 下 3 霜 978 SHIN 辛 584 新 74 薪 083 親 75 ( 幸 ) KŌ 振 984 唇 859 娠 986 震 983 ( 辱 ) JOKU 申 309 伸 60 神 30 紳 6 侵 5 浸 6 寝 7 真 48 慎 98 ( 鎮 ) CHIN 心 97 芯 084 ( 必 ) HITSU 請 67 ( 青 ) SEI ( 清 ) SEI ( 情 ) SEI ( 晴 ) SEI ( 静 ) SEI ( 精 ) SEI 森 8 ( 木 ) BOKU ( 林 ) RIN 臣 854 ( 巨 ) KYO 津 679 ( 律 ) RITSU 針 34 ( 計 ) KEI 深 545 ( 探 ) TAN 診 77 ( 珍 ) CHIN 審 47 ( 番 ) BAN 身 59 信 57 進 443 shina 品 30 shino(baseru) 忍 503 shino(bu) 忍 503 shi(nu) 死 85 shio 塩 5 潮 476 shira 白 05 shira(beru) 調 34 shiri 尻 09 shirizo(keru) 退 865 shirizo(ku) 退 865 shiro 代 56 白 05 城 733 shiro(i) 白 05 shiru 汁 930 shi(ru) 知 4 shirushi 印

419 shiru(su) 記 37 shita 下 3 舌 33 shitaga(eru) 従 579 shitaga(u) 従 579 shita(shii) 親 75 shita(shimu) 親 75 shitata(ru) 滴 539 shita(u) 慕 50 SHITSU 疾 954 嫉 955 失 3 ( 矢 ) SHI ( 医 ) I 室 66 ( 至 ) SHI ( 屋 ) OKU 執 699 ( 幸 ) KŌ ( 報 ) HŌ 湿 6 ( 顕 ) KEN 漆 648 質 76 叱 33 shizu 静 674 shizu(ka) 静 674 shizuku 滴 539 shizu(maru) 静 674 鎮 99 shizu(meru) 沈 964 静 674 鎮 99 shizu(mu) 沈 964 SHO 緒 88 諸 880 暑 648 署 879 ( 者 ) SHA ( 都 ) TO ( 著 ) CHO 庶 898 ( 度 ) DO ( 席 ) SEKI ( 遮 ) SHA 処 89 初 69 所 53 書 3 SHŌ 召 03 沼 033 招 46 昭 034 紹 463 詔 055 照 035 ( 超 ) CHŌ 小 7 少 44 抄 08 省 45 称 0 渉 438 ( 歩 ) HO ( 妙 ) MYŌ ( 砂 ) SA ( 秒 ) BYŌ ( 劣 ) RETSU 尚 009 掌 508 賞 509 償 003 ( 常 ) JŌ ( 堂 ) DŌ ( 党 ) TŌ 肖 863 消 864 宵 00 硝 0 ( 削 ) SAKU 生 44 姓 869 星 743 性 98 正 75 政 49 症 400 証 493 青 08 清 67 精 670 ( 情 ) JŌ ( 晴 ) SEI ( 請 ) SEI ( 静 ) JŌ 将 637 装 4 奨 45 ( 壮 ) SŌ 章 876 障 877 彰 976 松 709 訟 49 ( 公 ) KŌ ( 翁 ) Ō ( 窓 ) SŌ ( 総 ) SŌ 祥 68 詳 683 ( 羊 ) YŌ ( 洋 ) YŌ ( 鮮 ) SEN 憧 853 鐘 970 ( 童 ) DŌ 唱 759 晶 758 焦 036 礁 900 升 074 昇 909 傷 643 ( 陽 ) YŌ ( 湯 ) TŌ ( 場 ) JŌ ( 揚 ) YŌ 焼 94 ( 尭 ) GYŌ ( 暁 ) GYŌ 衝 904 ( 行 ) KŌ ( 重 ) CHŌ 粧 85 ( 圧 ) ATSU 匠 443 ( 斤 ) KIN 相 46 ( 想 ) SŌ 従 579 ( 縦 ) JŪ 象 75 ( 像 ) ZŌ 勝 58 ( 券 ) KEN 上 3 井 55 声 759 床 845 笑 99 商 48 承 97 shiru(su) SHŪ SHOKU 植 430 殖 607 ( 直 ) CHOKU ( 値 ) CHI 織 693 職 386 ( 識 ) SHIKI 食 3 飾 03 触 894 ( 独 ) DOKU 嘱 75 ( 属 ) ZOKU 拭 07 ( 式 ) SHIKI 色 04 SHU 朱 60 殊 604 珠 603 ( 株 ) kabu 腫 06 種 8 ( 重 ) JŪ 守 499 狩 687 取 65 趣 039 手 57 ( 毛 ) MŌ 主 55 ( 王 ) Ō 首 48 ( 目 ) MOKU 修 975 ( 候 ) KŌ 酒 56 衆 806 SHŪ 州 95 酬 04 醜 68 ( 鬼 ) KI ( 塊 ) KAI 周 9 週 9 ( 調 ) CHŌ 就 96 蹴 96 ( 京 ) KYŌ 秋 470 愁 708 宗 66 47

420 SHŪ su(gosu) ( 示 ) SHI ( 完 ) KAN 拾 538 ( 合 ) GŌ ( 拾 ) SHA 終 466 ( 冬 ) TŌ 修 975 ( 悠 ) YŪ 収 770 ( 又 ) mata 囚 58 ( 人 ) JIN 臭 30 ( 息 ) SOKU 執 699 ( 幸 ) KŌ 集 44 ( 隼 ) JUN 衆 806 ( 血 ) KETSU 舟 45 秀 798 祝 870 習 60 襲 68 袖 04 羞 806 SHUKU 叔 78 淑 783 ( 寂 ) JAKU ( 督 ) TOKU 宿 79 縮 6 祝 870 ( 兄 ) KEI ( 況 ) KYŌ 粛 8 SHUN 俊 997 ( 唆 ) SA ( 酸 ) SAN 旬 338 春 468 瞬 850 SHUTSU 出 53 SO 阻 35 狙 36 祖 63 租 33 組 44 粗 34 ( 且 ) ka(tsu) ( 助 ) JO 塑 素 7 ( 麦 ) BAKU ( 表 ) HYŌ 措 63 ( 昔 ) SEKI ( 惜 ) SEKI 疎 65 ( 束 ) SOKU 訴 49 ( 斥 ) SEKI 想 47 ( 相 ) SŌ 礎 66 SŌ 曽 450 僧 453 層 454 贈 45 ( 増 ) ZŌ 壮 409 荘 40 装 4 相 46 想 47 霜 978 曹 4 遭 756 槽 757 操 769 燥 770 藻 77 挿 765 捜 06 痩 953 宗 66 踪 674 ( 示 ) SHI ( 完 ) KAN 窓 7 総 70 ( 公 ) KŌ 双 70 桑 035 ( 又 ) mata 倉 386 創 387 早 48 草 49 走 435 送 447 巣 640 ( 果 ) KA ( 単 ) TAN ( 菓 ) KA 掃 8 ( 帰 ) KI ( 婦 ) FU 奏 646 ( 奉 ) HŌ 葬 83 ( 死 ) SHI 争 30 爽 059 喪 793 騒 895 soda(teru) 育 46 soda(tsu) 育 46 sode 袖 04 so(eru) 添 53 soko 底 57 soko(nau) 損 35 -soko(nau) 損 35 soko(neru) 損 35 SOKU 則 68 側 69 測 60 足 58 促 659 捉 660 束 50 速 5 息 308 ( 臭 ) SHŪ ( 憩 ) KEI 即 47 塞 465 so(maru) 染 793 so(meru) 染 793 -so(meru) 初 69 somu(keru) 背 338 somu(ku) 背 338 SON 孫 ( 系 ) KEI ( 係 ) KEI 村 9 尊 77 ( 寸 ) SUN 存 69 ( 在 ) ZAI 損 35 ( 員 ) IN sona(eru) 供 97 備 78 sona(waru) 備 78 sono 園 454 sora 空 40 so(rasu) 反 34 sōrō 候 974 so(ru) 反 34 soso(gu) 注 358 sosonoka(su) 唆 998 soto 外 83 SOTSU 卒 80 率 80 so(u) 沿 74 添 53 SU 素 7 ( 麦 ) BAKU ( 表 ) HYŌ 子 03 ( 了 ) RYŌ 主 55 ( 王 ) Ō 守 499 ( 寸 ) SUN 数 5 ( 楼 ) RŌ 須 53 su 州 95 ( 川 ) SEN 巣 640 酢 07 SŪ 枢 06 ( 区 ) KU 崇 53 ( 宗 ) SHŪ 数 5 ( 楼 ) RŌ sube(ru) 滑 34 su(beru) 統 849 sube(te) 全 89 sude (ni) 既 55 sue 末 305 su(eru) 据 98 sugata 姿 953 sugi 杉 033 su(giru) 過 49 su(gosu) 過 49 48

421 sugu(reru) 優 074 SUI 垂 7 睡 8 錘 39 ( 郵 ) YŪ 吹 36 炊 97 ( 欠 ) KETSU 粋 85 酔 86 ( 砕 ) SAI 推 97 ( 准 ) JUN ( 唯 ) YUI ( 維 ) I 遂 85 ( 逐 ) CHIKU ( 墜 ) TSUI 帥 0 ( 師 ) SHI 衰 79 ( 哀 ) AI 穂 84 ( 恵 ) KEI 水 出 53 su(i) 酸 55 suji 筋 4 su(kasu) 透 800 suke 助 633 su(keru) 透 800 suki 隙 suko(shi) 少 44 suko(yaka) 健 94 su(ku) 好 04 透 800 suku(nai) 少 44 suku(u) 救 738 su(masu) 済 558 澄 47 su(mau) 住 56 sumi 炭 47 隅 753 墨 8 sumi(yaka) 速 5 su(mu) 済 558 澄 47 住 56 SUN 寸 070 suna 砂 04 su(reru) 擦 60 su(ru) 刷 087 擦 60 surudo(i) 鋭 458 suso 裾 05 susu(meru) 進 443 勧 094 薦 74 susu(mu) 進 443 suta(reru) 廃 99 suta(ru) 廃 99 su(teru) 捨 537 su(u) 吸 37 suwa(ru) 座 800 su(waru) 据 98 suzu 鈴 97 suzu(mu) 涼 67 suzu(shii) 涼 67 T TA 太 639 汰 06 他 0 ( 也 ) YA 多 9 ta 手 57 田 35 taba 束 50 ta(beru) 食 3 tabi 度 378 旅 tada(chi ni) 直 49 tada(shi) 但 tada(shii) 正 75 tada(su) 正 75 tadayo(u) 漂 946 ta(eru) 耐 504 堪 089 絶 755 taga(i) 互 99 tagaya(su) 耕 59 tagu(i) 類 6 TAI 台 50 胎 37 怠 37 代 56 袋 4 貸 76 退 865 逮 9 大 6 太 639 対 366 耐 504 帯 994 滞 995 隊 809 ( 遂 ) SUI ( 墜 ) TSUI 態 388 ( 能 ) NŌ ( 熊 ) YŪ 待 459 ( 寺 ) JI 体 6 ( 本 ) HON 替 757 戴 08 泰 647 堆 749 tai(ra) 平 0 taka 高 90 taka(i) 高 90 taka(maru) 高 90 taka(meru) 高 90 takara 宝 96 take 丈 408 竹 9 岳 44 taki 滝 887 takigi 薪 083 TAKU 沢 03 択 030 ( 尺 ) SHAKU 宅 78 託 746 度 378 ( 席 ) SEKI ( 庶 ) SHO 濯 664 ( 躍 ) YAKU ( 曜 ) YŌ 卓 794 拓 983 ta(ku) 炊 97 taku(mi) 巧 737 takuwa(eru) 蓄 88 tama 玉 95 球 739 弾 64 霊 5 sugu(reru) ta(reru) tamago 卵 03 tamashii 魂 66 tamawa(ru) 賜 980 ta(meru) 矯 09 tame(su) 試 535 tami 民 77 tamo(tsu) 保 498 TAN 旦 担 348 胆 347 壇 990 ( 但 ) tada(shi) ( 昼 ) CHŪ 単 300 ( 巣 ) SŌ ( 弾 ) DAN ( 禅 ) ZEN ( 戦 ) SEN 炭 47 ( 灰 ) KAI ( 岩 ) GAN 淡 40 ( 炎 ) EN ( 談 ) DAN 探 544 ( 深 ) SHIN 嘆 33 ( 漢 ) KAN 誕 68 ( 延 ) EN 鍛 966 ( 段 ) DAN 綻 08 ( 定 ) TEI 丹 44 反 34 短 5 端 507 tana 棚 080 tane 種 8 tani 谷 664 tano(moshii) 頼 63 tano(mu) 頼 63 tano(shii) 楽 359 tano(shimu) 楽 359 tao(reru) 倒 97 tao(su) 倒 97 ta(rasu) 垂 7 ta(reru) 垂 7 49

422 ta(riru) to(kasu) ta(riru) 足 58 ta(ru) 足 58 tashi(ka) 確 63 tashi(kameru) 確 63 ta(su) 足 58 tasu(karu) 助 633 tasu(keru) 助 633 tataka(u) 戦 30 闘 6 tatami 畳 38 tata(mu) 畳 38 tate 盾 786 縦 580 tatematsu(ru) 奉 643 ta(teru) 立 建 93 tato(eru) 例 6 TATSU 達 455 竜 886 ta(tsu) 立 建 93 裁 75 断 063 絶 755 tatto(bu) 尊 77 貴 8 tatto(i) 尊 77 貴 8 tawamu(reru) 戯 679 tawara 俵 063 ta(yasu) 絶 755 tayo(ri) 便 330 tayo(ru) 頼 63 tazu(neru) 訪 40 尋 3 tazusa(eru) 携 80 tazusa(waru) 携 80 te 手 57 TEI 低 570 邸 57 抵 569 底 57 ( 氏 ) SHI 丁 84 亭 43 訂 058 停 44 廷 63 庭 64 艇 780 ( 延 ) EN 定 356 堤 699 提 638 ( 是 ) ZE 帝 37 締 39 諦 38 貞 796 偵 3 呈 697 程 43 体 6 ( 本 ) HON 弟 409 ( 第 ) DAI 逓 3 TEKI 適 4 滴 539 摘 540 敵 4 的 0 ( 約 ) YAKU 笛 568 TEN 店 68 点 69 ( 占 ) SEN 天 4 添 53 展 8 殿 8 典 368 ( 曲 ) KYOKU 転 439 ( 伝 ) DEN 塡 90 ( 県 ) KEN tera 寺 4 te(rasu) 照 035 te(reru) 照 035 te(ru) 照 035 TETSU 撤 5 徹 5 ( 微 ) BI ( 徴 ) CHŌ 迭 608 鉄 3 ( 失 ) SHITSU 哲 486 ( 折 ) SETSU TO 登 99 頭 76 ( 豆 ) TŌ ( 豊 ) HŌ 途 0 塗 ( 余 ) YO 都 88 賭 98 ( 者 ) SHA 度 378 渡 379 土 4 吐 3 斗 075 図 339 徒 436 ( 走 ) SŌ 妬 956 ( 石 ) SEKI to 戸 5 to- 十 TŌ 豆 988 登 99 痘 30 頭 76 闘 6 ( 豊 ) HŌ 塔 99 搭 09 答 60 ( 合 ) GŌ 東 7 凍 68 棟 495 到 96 倒 97 ( 至 ) SHI ( 致 ) CHI 逃 669 桃 670 ( 兆 ) CHŌ 唐 83 糖 84 謄 9 騰 9 湯 64 ( 陽 ) YŌ ( 揚 ) YŌ ( 場 ) JŌ 党 504 ( 常 ) JŌ ( 堂 ) DŌ 読 44 ( 売 ) BAI ( 続 ) ZOKU 統 849 ( 充 ) JŪ 筒 569 ( 同 ) DŌ 投 060 ( 没 ) BOTSU 透 800 ( 秀 ) SHŪ 陶 763 ( 缶 ) KAN 悼 795 ( 卓 ) TAKU 等 578 ( 寺 ) JI 島 86 ( 鳥 ) CHŌ 刀 37 当 77 冬 467 灯 46 討 057 納 77 盗 5 道 49 稲 83 踏 66 藤 087 tō 十 to(basu) 飛 539 tobira 扉 658 tobo(shii) 乏 767 to(bu) 飛 539 跳 666 tochi 栃 036 todo(keru) 届 09 todokō(ru) 滞 995 todo(ku) 届 09 tōge 峠 434 to(geru) 遂 85 to(gu) 研 98 to(i) 問 6 tō(i) 遠 453 to(jiru) 閉 40 to(kasu) 溶 48 40

423 解 48 to(keru) 溶 48 解 48 toki 時 4 toko 床 845 toko- 常 506 tokoro 所 53 TOKU 特 8 ( 寺 ) JI ( 持 ) JI 読 44 ( 売 ) BAI ( 続 ) ZOKU 匿 903 ( 若 ) JAKU 徳 079 ( 聴 ) CHŌ 篤 05 ( 馬 ) BA 得 375 督 785 to(ku) 溶 48 解 48 説 404 to(maru) 止 485 泊 35 留 774 to(meru) 止 485 泊 35 留 774 tomi 富 76 tomo 共 96 供 97 友 64 -tomo 共 96 tomona(u) 伴 066 to(mu) 富 76 tomura(u) 弔 934 TON 屯 頓 団 500 豚 80 ton 問 6 tona(eru) 唱 759 tonari 隣 88 tona(ru) 隣 88 tono 殿 8 tora 虎 677 tora(eru) 捉 660 to(raeru) 捕 9 to(rawareru) 捕 9 tori 鳥 85 to(ru) 取 65 撮 6 捕 9 採 960 執 699 tō(ru) 通 50 toshi 年 45 tō(su) 通 50 tōto(bu) 尊 77 貴 8 tōto(i) 尊 77 貴 8 totono(eru) 調 34 整 5 totono(u) 調 34 整 5 TOTSU 凸 068 突 90 totsu(gu) 嫁 873 to(u) 問 6 to(zasu) 閉 40 TSU 通 50 都 88 tsu 津 679 TSŪ 通 50 痛 40 tsuba 唾 9 tsubasa 翼 07 tsubo 坪 07 tsubu 粒 86 tsubu(reru) 潰 9 tsubu(su) 潰 9 tsuchi 土 4 tsuchika(u) 培 977 tsudo(u) 集 44 tsu(geru) 告 703 tsugi 次 385 tsu(gu) 次 385 接 495 継 064 tsuguna(u) 償 003 TSUI 墜 84 ( 隊 ) TAI 対 366 追 3 椎 748 tsui(eru) 費 76 tsui(yasu) 費 76 tsuka 塚 875 tsuka(eru) 仕 333 tsuka(maeru) 捕 9 tsuka(maru) 捕 9 tsuka(reru) 疲 403 tsu(karu) 漬 99 tsu(kasu) 尽 844 tsuka(u) 使 33 遣 3 tsuka(wasu) 遣 3 tsu(keru) 付 9 着 668 就 96 漬 99 tsuki 月 7 tsu(kiru) 尽 844 tsu(ku) 付 9 突 90 着 668 就 96 tsukue 机 384 tsukuro(u) 繕 9 tsuku(ru) 作 36 造 704 創 387 tsu(kusu) 尽 844 tsuma 妻 68 爪 30 tsu(maru) 詰 95 tsume 爪 30 tsu(meru) 詰 95 tsume(tai) 冷 85 tsumi 罪 906 tsu(moru) 積 667 tsumu 錘 39 tsu(mu) 詰 95 摘 540 積 667 tsumu(gu) 紡 05 tsuna 綱 76 ( 網 ) ami tsune 常 506 tsuno 角 48 tsuno(ru) 募 59 tsura 面 74 tsura(naru) 連 446 tsura(neru) 連 446 tsuranu(ku) 貫 936 tsu(reru) 連 446 tsuru 鶴 950 弦 90 to(kasu) u(karu) tsu(ru) 釣 00 tsurugi 剣 900 tsuta(eru) 伝 440 tsutana(i) 拙 939 tsuta(u) 伝 440 tsuta(waru) 伝 440 tsuto(maru) 務 35 勤 568 tsuto(meru) 努 70 務 35 勤 568 tsutsu 筒 569 tsutsumi 堤 699 tsutsu(mu) 包 89 tsutsushi(mu) 慎 98 謹 34 tsuya 艶 990 tsuyo(i) 強 7 tsuyo(maru) 強 7 tsuyo(meru) 強 7 tsuyu 露 98 tsuzu(keru) 続 43 tsuzu(ku) 続 43 tsuzumi 鼓 00 U U 右 76 羽 600 宇 07 有 65 雨 30 uba(u) 奪 389 ubu 産 78 uchi 内 84 ude 腕 376 ue 上 3 u(eru) 飢 383 植 430 ugo(kasu) 動 3 ugo(ku) 動 3 u(i) 憂 073 ui- 初 69 uji 氏 575 u(kaberu) 浮 968 u(kabu) 浮 968 ukaga(u) 伺 89 u(kareru) 浮 968 u(karu) 受 60 4

424 u(keru) YŌ u(keru) 受 60 請 67 uketamawa(ru) 承 97 u(ku) 浮 968 uma 馬 83 u(mareru) 生 44 産 78 u(maru) 埋 975 ume 梅 856 u(meru) 埋 975 umi 海 7 u(moreru) 埋 975 u(mu) 生 44 産 78 UN 運 445 ( 軍 ) GUN 雲 646 ( 曇 ) DON unaga(su) 促 659 une 畝 077 uo 魚 90 ura 浦 534 裏 73 ura(meshii) 恨 879 ura(mu) 恨 879 urana(u) 占 8 uraya(mashii) 羨 94 uraya(mu) 羨 94 ure(e) 憂 073 ure(eru) 愁 708 憂 073 ure(i) 愁 708 憂 073 u(reru) 売 39 熟 700 u(ru) 売 39 得 375 uru(mu) 潤 66 uruo(su) 潤 66 uruo(u) 潤 66 urushi 漆 648 uruwa(shii) 麗 740 ushi 牛 8 ushina(u) 失 3 ushi(ro) 後 48 usu 臼 896 usu(i) 薄 54 usu(maru) 薄 54 usu(meru) 薄 54 usu(ragu) 薄 54 usu(reru) 薄 54 uta 唄 396 歌 395 utaga(u) 疑 67 utai 謡 760 uta(u) 歌 395 謡 760 uto(i) 疎 65 uto(mu) 疎 65 UTSU 鬱 764 u(tsu) 打 059 討 057 撃 054 utsuku(shii) 美 405 utsu(ru) 写 549 映 353 移 73 utsu(su) 写 549 映 353 移 73 utsuwa 器 536 utta(eru) 訴 49 uwa- 上 3 u(waru) 植 430 uyama(u) 敬 78 uyauya(shii) 恭 54 uzu 渦 949 W WA 話 38 ( 舌 ) ZETSU ( 活 ) KATSU 和 4 wa 我 38 輪 WAI 賄 86 ( 有 ) YŪ waka(i) 若 553 waka(reru) 別 67 wa(kareru) 分 38 wa(karu) 分 38 wa(kasu) 沸 98 wa(katsu) 分 38 wake 訳 604 wa(keru) 分 38 waki 脇 336 WAKU 惑 00 ( 域 ) KI waku 枠 079 wa(ku) 湧 475 沸 98 WAN 腕 376 湾 68 warabe 童 46 wara(u) 笑 99 ware 我 38 wa(reru) 割 58 wari 割 58 wa(ru) 割 58 waru(i) 悪 304 wasu(reru) 忘 46 wata 綿 5 watakushi 私 5 wata(ru) 渡 379 watashi 私 5 wata(su) 渡 379 waza 技 89 業 79 wazawa(i) 災 48 wazu(ka) 僅 35 wazura(u) 患 395 煩 005 wazura(wasu) 煩 005 Y YA 冶 96 ( 治 ) JI ( 台 ) DAI 夜 479 ya 野 36 矢 3 弥 0 屋 67 家 65 ya- 八 0 yabu(reru) 破 676 敗 50 yabu(ru) 破 676 yado 宿 79 yado(ru) 宿 79 yado(su) 宿 79 yakata 館 37 ya(keru) 焼 94 YAKU 役 376 疫 40 訳 604 ( 尺 ) SHAKU 厄 44 ( 危 ) KI 薬 360 ( 楽 ) GAKU 約 益 79 躍 663 ya(ku) 焼 94 yama 山 34 yamai 病 38 ya(meru) 辞 70 yami 闇 349 ya(mu) 病 38 yanagi 柳 03 yasa(shii) 易 77 優 074 ya(seru) 痩 953 yashina(u) 養 406 yashiro 社 308 yasu(i) 安 05 yasu(maru) 休 60 yasu(meru) 休 60 yasu(mu) 休 60 yato(u) 雇 655 ya(tsu) 八 0 yat(tsu) 八 0 yawa(rageru) 和 4 yawa(ragu) 和 4 yawa(raka) 柔 788 軟 9 yawa(rakai) 柔 788 軟 9 YO 予 397 預 398 ( 矛 ) MU 誉 86 ( 言 ) GEN 与 548 余 09 yo 世 5 代 56 夜 479 yo- 四 6 YŌ 羊 88 洋 89 様 407 養 406 窯 95 陽 640 4

425 揚 64 ( 湯 ) TŌ ( 場 ) JŌ ( 傷 ) SHŌ 揺 76 謡 760 ( 缶 ) KAN 容 665 溶 48 ( 谷 ) KOKU 用 07 庸 8 要 45 腰 373 幼 93 ( 幻 ) GEN 妖 884 ( 沃 ) YOKU 葉 53 ( 世 ) SEI 瘍 958 ( 易 ) EKI 踊 66 ( 通 ) TSŪ 擁 83 曜 9 yō- 八 0 yo(bu) 呼 35 yogo(reru) 汚 706 yogo(su) 汚 706 yoi 宵 00 yo(i) 良 3 善 9 yoko 横 795 YOKU 浴 80 欲 79 ( 谷 ) KOKU ( 俗 ) ZOKU 翌 60 翼 07 抑 00 ( 卯 ) U 沃 885 ( 妖 ) YŌ yome 嫁 873 yo(mu) 詠 7 読 44 yon 四 6 yoroko(bu) 喜 96 yoru 夜 479 yo(ru) 因 563 寄 445 yo(seru) 寄 445 yoshi 由 364 yosō(u) 装 4 yo(tsu) 四 6 yot(tsu) 四 6 yo(u) 酔 86 yowa(i) 弱 8 yowa(maru) 弱 8 yowa(meru) 弱 8 yowa(ru) 弱 8 YU 喩 00 愉 705 諭 706 輸 555 癒 707 由 364 油 365 遊 040 yu 湯 64 YŪ 憂 073 優 074 勇 474 湧 475 ( 男 ) DAN 郵 533 ( 垂 ) SUI 悠 704 ( 修 ) SHŪ 裕 480 ( 谷 ) KOKU 誘 799 ( 秀 ) SHŪ 融 695 ( 隔 ) KAKU 右 76 有 65 由 364 猶 689 友 64 幽 9 雄 476 遊 040 yū 夕 8 yubi 指 08 yuda(neru) 委 474 yue 故 73 YUI 遺 30 ( 貴 ) KI ( 遣 ) KEN 唯 98 由 364 yuka 床 845 yuki 雪 979 yu(ku) 行 68 逝 485 yume 夢 830 yumi 弓 yu(ragu) 揺 76 yu(reru) 揺 76 yu(ru) 揺 76 yu(rugu) 揺 76 yuru(i) 緩 40 yuru(meru) 緩 40 yuru(mu) 緩 40 yuru(su) 許 750 yuru(yaka) 緩 40 yu(saburu) 揺 76 yu(suburu) 揺 76 yu(suru) 揺 76 yuta(ka) 豊 989 yu(u) 結 494 yu(waeru) 結 494 yuzu(ru) 譲 05 Z ZA 座 800 挫 09 ZAI 材 56 財 56 ( 才 ) SAI 在 68 ( 存 ) SON 剤 559 罪 906 ZAN 斬 93 暫 488 ( 漸 ) ZEN 残 66 ( 浅 ) SEN ( 桟 ) SAN ( 銭 ) SEN 惨 843 ( 参 ) SAN ZATSU 雑 584 ZE 是 698 ZEI 税 403 説 404 ( 脱 ) DATSU ZEN 繕 9 YŌ ZUI 禅 64 ( 単 ) TAN ( 戦 ) SEN ( 巣 ) SŌ 善 9 膳 93 然 66 ( 黙 ) MOKU ( 燃 ) NEN 全 89 ( 王 ) Ō 漸 489 ( 暫 ) ZAN 前 47 zeni 銭 659 ZETSU 絶 755 ( 色 ) SHOKU 舌 33 ZO 曽 450 ZŌ 増 75 憎 45 贈 45 ( 僧 ) SŌ 象 75 像 753 蔵 360 臓 36 造 704 ( 告 ) KOKU 雑 584 ZOKU 俗 78 ( 谷 ) KOKU ( 浴 ) YOKU ( 裕 ) YŪ 続 43 ( 売 ) BAI ( 読 ) DOKU 族 ( 旅 ) RYO 属 750 ( 嘱 ) SHOKU 賊 946 ( 賦 ) FU ZON 存 69 ( 在 ) ZAI ZU 豆 988 頭 76 図 339 事 80 ZUI 随 864 髄

426 Table 8. The 79 Radicals (without variants) A C E G H I K L M N a b c d e f g h i j O P Q R U X k m n o p q r s t 3 Y b d e g h i j k l a b c d e f g h i j m n o q r à s k m n o p q r s 4 t u v w y Ä Å Ç É Ü a b c d e f g h i j á â ã k m n 5 ç é è ê ë ì î ï ñ a b c d e f g h i 6 ó ò ô ö õ ú a b c d e f 7 ù û ü a b c d e 8 ß Æ ª ± a b c d e 9 æ 0. / μ ø a a a b A version of the table of the 79 radicals with variants appears on page

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