() No.4 2006 pp.50-61 1 1 ( 020-0193 152-52) 2004 2004 11 737 364 Yahoo! 35%2004 10% 39% 12%2003 15% 21% 2004 : Victoria(2001) 1989 Loma Prieta ( 2004) (disaster subculture)( 19972000 ) (2004)1997 7 10 ( 21 )
() No.4 2006 pp.50-61 2004 7 10 230 ( 2004) 1982 2003 2004 a) b) c) d) (2003 ) (A)2003 2004 2003 2004 10 1000 () 2004 10 (B)1983 2002 20 (A) (A) () (C) 2004 (A), (B) ( 15 )( 16 ) ( ) 88(24%) 263(72%) 13 2004 11 1 ( ) 2004 11 2004 12 737 364 ( 49.6%)
() No.4 2006 pp.50-61 FAX 2002 1 ( 2003) 2002 ( ) ( ) Yahoo! 97% 5 Yahoo! 2004 7 ( 2005) 6 3 % ( 2003) 2004 7 2004 7
() No.4 2006 pp.50-61 5 2004 7 (2005) 2004 7 ( ) 61% 39% 37% 2004 2004 7 2004 (2004 )7 11% 44% 45% 1 4
() No.4 2006 pp.50-61 2004 2004 22% 8%( ) 5% 30% 1 2 ( ) 4 2004 82% ( 5% ) 41% 51%10%( 5% ) ( ) 2004 ( ) 7 2004 2003 7 20 ( 19 ) (2004)(2003) (2003) (2004)
() No.4 2006 pp.50-61 (2004) (A) (B) (C)(FAX) (A) (C) (B) (C) 2004 3 ( 2004) 1 (2003) (2004) 1 ( ) 65% 12% 7% 1 (12 ) 24 24 119 ( )
() No.4 2006 pp.50-61 ( ) 2 (2003) ( 2004) 1 41% 21% 6 17:30 8:30 (15 ) 1 (168 ) 73% 2003 7 2004 ( 20 )
() No.4 2006 pp.50-61 (2005) 62% 38% 1 4 ( ) 15% ( ) 21% 1
() No.4 2006 pp.50-61 7 ( ) 44% 33% 72% 48% () 8%() ( 7 2004 7 ) 2004 7 52% 57% 26% 2004 2004 4 2004 2 1 2003
() No.4 2006 pp.50-61 3 2004 ( 2005 ) (2001 ) 62% 15 ( ) 15 ( ) 16 16 7 ( ) 16 IT ( ) 16 () (2004) : SABO Vol.79, pp.9-14. (2003) : 2003 7 DRI Vol.1, 59p (2005) : http://www.mlit.go.jp/river/p ress/200507_12/050705-2/050705-2_tebiki.pdf (2005) : http://www.mlit.go.jp/river/index/0418gouuteige n.pdf (2003) : (2003) : 15 10 (2000) : TBS (1997) :
() No.4 2006 pp.50-61 (2004) : 16 http://ww w.fdma.go.jp/html/hakusho/h16/index.html (2004) : 15 7 2003 7 ( 15 ) pp.235-244 (2005) : (2003) : No.47, pp.349-354 (2004) : 2003 No.48 pp.439-444 Victora, B (2001) : Hazards and Responses, Collins, 160p. (2005) : No.3, pp.73-77
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() No.4 2006 pp.50-61 Effect of frequency of heavy rainfall disasters on improvements of disaster prevention system in municipality offices Motoyuki USHIYAMA 1 1 Faculty of Policy Studies, Iwate Prefectural University (Takizawa-aza-sugo,Takizawa, Iwate 020-0193, JAPAN) ABSTRACT Many heavy rainfall disasters happened in Japan on 2003 and 2004. Aspects and lessons from disasters were reported by newspaper and other medias. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of information of these heavy rainfall disasters for municipality officer for disaster prevention based on mail questionnaire survey. Questionnaires were sent to 737 municipalities in November 2004, as a result the survey has produced responses from 364 municipalities. We may say that the interest in heavy rainfall disaster for municipality disaster prevention officers was raised by frequency of heavy rainfall disasters. For instance, 35% of respondents answered "The frequency of browsing of the Yahoo! Weather, the most popular meteorological information site, was increased after the heavy rainfall disasters in 2004". Then the percentage of respondents of "An evacuation order of heavy rainfall disaster may be announced from our office" was increased 10%. However, the interest was not connected with concrete measures. The main reasons are as follows: (1) Before the disasters, 39% of municipalities didn't considered inundation by flood on the occasion of decision about location of public shelters, after the disasters, municipalities which revised the location of shelter were only 12% of those. (2) The heavy rainfall disaster on Minamata city in July 2003 happened midnight of holiday. Minamata city office took many lessons from the disaster, and these lessons were reported by major medias severely. Minamata city improved several problems based on the lesson, however there were few municipalities which did the similar improvement. 15% of respondent had experience of systematic training course about disaster prevention. On the other hand, 21% of respondent were not educated about disaster prevention. There is a limit in the measure for disaster prevention by local municipality individually. It is important that the systematization based on lessons of disasters by national government. Key words: heavy rainfall disaster, municipality officer for disaster prevention, lessons from disasters, disaster prevention measures.