29 ABSTRACT Proposed Application of a Bone Density Measurement to the Evaluation of Athletes Talent We have been measuring and evaluating using various methods a degree of talent required for a good fencer. We consider that such talent to generally i mprove the athlete s competitiveness are related to the psychological and physical aspects. We have therefore performed our own improved measurement method referring to those used in France and other countries in order to study such talent from psychological and physical aspects. It is important not only to study such talent, but also to study a method to find the most talented athletes. In Europe, it is focused on the bone devel opment, etc. of infants and children to find prospective athletes. There is a large corr elation between the bone development and body sizes, and it is important to be awar e of the bone developing conditions during the puberty in order to plan a long-term t raining scheme.
30 As such, the bone density which influences sports abilities is generally measured by using X-ray. T. Otani of Doshisha University, Department of Technology are currently developing a bone mineral densitometry using the special character of ultrasonic waves. The result of his research was adopted as the project of the Japan Science and Technology Agency assigned to and developed by OYO Electric Co., Ltd. We studied the effectiveness of LD 100 and the impact of bone density measur ement on analysis of athletes talent from a sports science perspective, by measuring the bone density of athletes of both genders from Doshisha University s fencing, tennis and table tennis teams, focusing on the attenua tion of transmission wave, thickness of cortex, and volume fraction and elasticity of cancellous bone. As a result, we observed: 1 higher value of bone density for male, but almost the same value of firmness of cancellous bone for male and female. From this result, we may speculate that sports training provides a favorable influence on the bon e development of the female. 2 winners of the Japan Fencing National Championships have strong and firm bones on one hand, but on the other hand, they scored low on the elasticity of cancellous bone, thus may have soft cancellous bones. Whether such bone condition would be favorable for playing sports will be our next issue. Nevertheless, it was an interesting result. LD100 made the evaluation of bone elasticity possible, and we can expect that it possibly becomes an effective measuring instrument to study athletes talent. Keywords: Bone mineral density, Ultrasonic, Elasticity of cancellous bone, Ability and quality
31 LD100 12 3456
32 7 DIP
33 pqct 8 LD100 910111213 LD100 LD100 LD100
34 14 9 SOSspeed of sound BUAbroadband ultrasonic attenuation
35 LD100 L D100 LD100 0.7 0.9 0.9 LD100
36 LD100 26 19 1822 1827 200511 39.53dB 37.59dB 0.18 0.17 40.27dB 4.16GPa 38.81dB 3.86GPa
37 db GPa n26 172.715.98 65.006.20 39.533.61 5.230.90 0.180.04 4.021.15 n19 159.793.89 55.214.79 37.593.66 4.120.59 0.170.03 3.430.50 db GPa n7 173.246.47 65.214.34 40.275.38 5.741.04 0.200.06 3.991.09 n11 173.096.18 64.466.60 39.582.57 5.180.62 0.170.03 4.161.23 n8 171.735.07 65.566.93 38.812.63 4.850.90 0.180.03 3.861.06 db GPa n13 161.083.12 56.774.74 37.563.76 4.090.68 0.160.03 3.530.54 n6 157.000.50 44.852.85 37.663.44 4.170.32 0.170.03 3.210.30 db GPa n6 175.633.59 67.585.96 39.183.31 5.190.37 0.160.04 3.390.35 n20 171.846.27 64.236.06 39.643.69 5.241.01 0.190.05 4.211.24 db GPa n3 161.671.25 57.331.25 41.392.56 4.620.63 0.190.02 3.490.61 n10 160.903.48 56.65.35 36.413.27 3.930.61 0.160.03 3.540.51
38 db GPa n13 170.375.78 66.276.28 42.502.32 5.660.79 0.210.03 4.471.39 n13 175.055.22 63.735.85 36.561.74 4.800.80 0.150.03 3.570.58 n11 159.734.37 55.004.29 40.401.79 4.460.50 0.190.02 3.480.59 n8 159.883.10 55.505.39 33.721.28 3.650.34 0.140.02 3.360.33 db GPa n12 170.236.34 65.046.45 41.223.67 5.920.63 0.210.04 4.251.35 n14 174.844.72 64.965.98 38.082.85 4.640.65 0.160.03 3.830.92 n8 161.003.97 55.754.21 40.033.17 4.720.31 0.190.02 3.460.69 n11 158.913.58 54.825.13 35.822.87 3.670.28 0.150.03 3.410.29 db GPa n11 169.956.29 65.737.04 41.662.63 5.860.71 0.230.03 4.651.42 n15 174.734.84 64.475.45 37.242.27 4.770.73 0.150.02 3.560.58 n9 159.114.89 54.674.85 40.342.94 4.550.47 0.200.01 3.530.64 n10 160.402.54 55.704.67 35.112.17 3.730.39 0.140.02 3.340.30 db GPa n9 171.336.00 65.336.41 41.563.23 5.640.91 0.210.04 5.291.05 n17 173.445.85 64.826.08 38.463.33 5.010.82 0.170.04 3.350.34 n7 160.573.77 54.144.19 38.223.77 4.010.64 0.180.03 3.930.45 n12 159.333.88 55.835.00 37.223.55 4.180.56 0.160.03 3.140.21
39 4.21GPa 3.39GPa 0.82GPa 6 4.18 4.01 4.614.78 2.11
40 10 2034 db GPa 41.70 5.40 0.20 3.80 36.80 4.10 0.16 3.30 11 db GPa 170.00 172.71 68.00 65.00 44.10 39.53 5.80 5.23 0.21 0.18 2.98 4.02 163.00 159.79 56.00 55.21 43.61 37.59 5.25 4.12 0.19 0.17 2.79 3.43 102034 2.74dB 0.17 0.02 0.22GPa 0.79dB
41 0.02 0.01 0.07GPa 15 16 11
42 LD100 2006 LD100 26 19
43 LD100 55 No. II p. 129142 1981 57 No. II p. 311321 1983 61 No. II 10 P. 121129 1987 No. II 11 p. 193204 1988 30 p. 114130 1991 35 p. 7183 1996 LESUER H, LE MENAGE D, POUX D, MARINI J FEvaluation des aptitude s requises pour la pratique en Escrime, p. 1317, 1989. Vol. 16 p. 196197 1999 A. Hosokawa and T. Otani: Ultrasonic wave propagation in bovine can-
44 cellous bone, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 101, p. 558, 1997. 10 A. Hosokawa, T. Otani, T. Suzaki, Y. Kubo and S. Takai: In fluence of Trabecula r Structure on Ultrasonic Wave Propagation in Bovine Cancellous Bone, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 36, p. 3233, 1997. 11 A. Hosokawa and T. Otani: Acoustic anisotropy in bovine cancellous bone, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 103, p. 2718, 1997. 12 T. Otani: Quantitative Estimation of Bone Density and Bone Quality Using Acoustic Parameters of Cancellous Bone for Fast and Slow Waves, Jpn. J. Ap pl. phys. Vol. 44, No. 6B, p. 4578-4582, 2005. 13 60 p. 455460 2004 14 Vol. 16 p. 198199 1999 15 Vol. 11 No. 11 p. 12451251 1994 16 49 p. 513522 2000