ICRU Report 60 Fundamental Quantities and Units for Ionizing Radiation (1998) dosimetric quantity exposurex kermak absorbed dosed 1) fluenceφ hν 1. ρ x Φ/Φ { Φ/Φ}/{ρ x} mass attenuation coefficient µ/ρ hν 2) µ/ρ = τ/ρ + σ C /ρ + κ/ρ + σ coh /ρ. τ/ρ σ C /ρκ/ρσ coh /ρ Auge 3) X X δ {1 δ/hν} hν X δ 4) {1 (hν +δ )/hν} {1 2m e c 2 /hν} µ tr /ρ = {1 δ/hν}τ/ρ + {1 (hν +δ )/hν}σ C /ρ + {1 2m e c 2 /hν}κ/ρ, 1) 2) 3) 4) da dn dn/da Coster-Kronig X 1
hν ρ x { T e /(hνφ)} mass energy transfer coefficient { T e /(hνφ)}=(µ tr /ρ) (ρ x). X radiative process g 5) µ en /ρ {1 g}µ tr /ρ, mass energy absorption coefficient 2. X X 1928 dm dq {dq/dm} hν Φ X dm dt e = (hνφ) (µ tr /ρ) air dm {1 g} W W W air = 33.97 ev dq = (e/w air ) {1 g} dt e = (e/w air ) {1 g} (hνφ) (µ tr /ρ) air dm = (e/w air ) (hνφ) (µ en /ρ) air dm, e (µ en /ρ) air 6) X = (e/w air ) (hνφ) (µ en /ρ) air. 5) 6) g g 1 Φ(hν) 2
SI C/kg 1928 R 1 R = 2.58010-4 C/kg, 7) 3. K dm dt e dt e /dm hν Φ K = dt e /dm = (hνφ) (µ tr /ρ) m, (µ tr /ρ) m collision kerma (K col. ) air = (W air /e) X. SI J/kg G G 4. D dm impart dε 8) dε/dm dε dm dm 7) 8) 1cc1.29310-3 g 1 esu[0.1c] -1 Cc =2.99810 10 cm/s 1 R 1 R = [2.99810 9 ] -1 C/1.29310-6 kg=2.58010 4 C/kg dm net flow term net divergence term 3
dm hν Φ (D eq ) m = (K col.) m = (hνφ) (µ en /ρ) m ={(µ en /ρ) m /(µ en /ρ) air} (W air /e) X, SI J/kg G 5. /, tr /, en / h(mev) / cm 2 /g tr / en / / cm 2 /g tr / en / 0.01 0.0099 0.0099 0.0099 132 131 131 0.02 0.0135 0.0135 0.0135 83.3 69.2 69.1 0.03 0.0185 0.0185 0.0185 27.8 24.6 24.6 0.04 0.0231 0.0231 0.0231 12.9 11.8 11.8 0.05 0.0271 0.0271 0.0271 7.05 6.57 6.54 0.06 0.0306 0.0306 0.0306 4.35 4.11 4.08 0.08 0.0362 0.0362 0.0362 2.01 1.92 1.91 0.1 0.0406 0.0406 0.0406 5.51 2.28 2.28 0.2 0.0525 0.0525 0.0525 0.893 0.637 0.629 0.3 0.0569 0.0569 0.0569 0.324 0.265 0.259 0.4 0.0586 0.0586 0.0586 0.169 0.147 0.143 0.5 0.0593 0.0593 0.0593 0.108 0.098 0.095 0.6 0.0587 0.0587 0.0587 0.079 0.074 0.071 0.8 0.0574 0.0574 0.0574 0.053 0.050 0.048 1 0.0555 0.0555 0.0555 0.041 0.040 0.038 2 0.0465 0.0465 0.0465 0.029 0.026 0.024 3 0.0400 0.0399 0.0399 0.030 0.026 0.023 4 0.0355 0.0353 0.0353 0.032 0.028 0.025 5 0.0320 0.0319 0.0319 0.035 0.031 0.026 6 0.0294 0.0292 0.0292 0.037 0.033 0.027 8 0.0255 0.0253 0.0253 0.042 0.038 0.029 10 0.0229 0.0227 0.0227 0.046 0.042 0.031 4
hν [MeV] (µ en /ρ) air [cm 2 /g] (µ en /ρ) water/(µ en /ρ) air (µ en /ρ) tissue/(µ en /ρ) air 1.00E-03 3.56E+03 1.14E+00 1.04E+00 2.00E-03 5.26E+02 1.17E+00 1.06E+00 3.00E-03 1.61E+02 1.19E+00 1.13E+00 4.00E-03 7.64E+01 1.07E+00 1.05E+00 5.00E-03 3.93E+01 1.07E+00 1.06E+00 6.00E-03 2.27E+01 1.06E+00 1.05E+00 8.00E-03 9.45E+00 1.05E+00 1.05E+00 1.00E-02 4.74E+00 1.04E+00 1.05E+00 2.00E-02 5.39E-01 1.02E+00 1.05E+00 3.00E-02 1.54E-01 1.01E+00 1.05E+00 4.00E-02 6.83E-02 1.02E+00 1.06E+00 5.00E-02 4.10E-02 1.03E+00 1.06E+00 6.00E-02 3.40E-02 9.38E-01 9.60E-01 8.00E-02 2.41E-02 1.08E+00 1.09E+00 1.00E-01 2.33E-02 1.10E+00 1.09E+00 2.00E-01 2.67E-02 1.11E+00 1.10E+00 3.00E-01 2.87E-02 1.11E+00 1.10E+00 4.00E-01 2.95E-02 1.11E+00 1.10E+00 5.00E-01 2.97E-02 1.11E+00 1.10E+00 6.00E-01 2.95E-02 1.10E+00 1.10E+00 8.00E-01 2.88E-02 1.11E+00 1.10E+00 1.00E+00 2.79E-02 1.11E+00 1.10E+00 2.00E+00 2.35E-02 1.11E+00 1.10E+00 3.00E+00 2.06E-02 1.11E+00 1.10E+00 4.00E+00 1.87E-02 1.10E+00 1.09E+00 5.00E+00 1.74E-02 1.10E+00 1.09E+00 6.00E+00 1.65E-02 1.10E+00 1.08E+00 8.00E+00 1.53E-02 1.09E+00 1.07E+00 1.00E+01 1.45E-02 1.08E+00 1.07E+00 2.00E+01 1.31E-02 1.05E+00 1.04E+00 5