1 2 3 1 12-83 2-14-2 NK E-mail: umeda@wec.or.jp 2 163-73 2-7-1 3 3ADCP ADCP1 Key Words: destratification system, intrusion, ADCP, reservoir, water quality, water bloom 1) 1),2),3) 11),12) 13) 1m 14) 4m 2 4),5),6),7) 15) 16) Lorenzen and Mitchell 8) 9)
ADCP (Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler) 1973 47.3 1 6 m 3 1988 17) 1999 4 21 4 8 3.7Nm 3 /min 図 -1.5 m 3 /s 4.38 m 3 /s 1km 4.31m 3 /s 22m 3 /s ADCP T1 5m T4 T5 A1 T3 A2 222m 232m El.242m a) ADCP(Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler : RD- Instruments 6kHz 21 7 21 図 -1 T1 T5 2 5m 1 ACL-2PDK b) 図 -1A1 A3 21 8 17 1 1 ADCP ADCP 1m Onset StowAway Tidbit ADCP 図 -2 1 ADCP 図 -3 ADCP ADCP 図 -2 ADCP 図 -2 T2 N A3 図 -1
El.242.9m [EL.m] 243. 242.5 242. El.224m ADCP El.223m -4 5m 75m 図 -2 A1 5m [m 3 /s] [m 3 /s] 2 1 2 1 7/2 7/21 7/22 7/23 図 -4 5m 図 -3 14) ADCP 7 ADCP 図 -1 2 -A1 8m -A2 15m c) KW-I a ph.5m 2.5m 2.5m 8 a) 2 6 6 29 図 -4 1m 3 /s 9 21m 3 /s 3m/s 図 -6 13m 2m 223m b) 図 -5(a) -T1 ADCP
18) 図 -5(a) -1 2 8-4 4 1m -4 3m 図 -7 3 4 3 A B 2 A 1m B 2 3m A B B 14) 2 B 227 m A 図 -5(a) 図 -5(b) -T2-5 6 2-6 1m 22.5 図 -6 232m [El. m] 22 [ ] 15 2 25 3 (242.7m) (223m) T1 T5 A2 図 -6-1 -2-3 -4 [m] 22 2 4 6-5 図 -5(a) T1-6 [m] 2 4 6 8 5-1 [m] 1 [cm/s] -5 22 [m] 図 -6(b) T2
N カラム A カラム B EL.239.7m 4 3.2 [m/s].2.2 [m/s].2 EL..7m EL..7m.1m/s A B 3m 図 -7 23-6 7m 図 -5(a)-5 a) 図 -8 Chl-a Chl-a 8.5m ph 9 図 -1 8 4-2,4,5,8 8 EL.223.m.5m 9 6 7 ( 84 m 3 /s, 19) β=.39) 9 15 16 ( 478m 3 /s, β=1.16) a 1µg/l 2 3µg/l ph Chl-a b) 図 -98 23 31 -A1 図 -9 図 -5 図 -9b) 図 -1 8 27 223m 図 -9b)
[m3/s] [m] [m] 8 6 4 2 8/17 8/27 9/6 9/16 9/26 8 4 25 25 1 Water Temperature Chl-a a) ダム諸量 [m 3 /s] [m] 25 2 15 1 5 b) 流速分布 ( 測点 -A1) 8/23 8/25 8/27 8/29 8/31 c) 流速分布 ( 測点 -A2) ph [ ] 8 6 3 2 1 8/17 8/27 9/6 9/16 9/26 図 -8 図 -9 c) A2 A2 A1 5 -A2-8 -A1 c) [m] 8/23 8/25 8/27 8/29 8/31-15 -1-5 5 1 15 [cm/s] 図 -9 8 -A1 A2 [ ] 2 25 3 [El. m] (241.6m) (223m) 22 図 -1 -A1 8 27 図 -119 15 A1 9 21 9 19
a) ダム諸量 25 2 15 1 5 [m 3 /s] b) 流速分布 ( 測点 -A1) a) ダム諸量 1 8 6 4 2 [m 3 /s] b) 流速分布 ( 測点 -A1) [m] [m] 9/17 9/19 9/21 9/23 9/25 c) 水温分布 ( 測点 -A1) [m] 21 2 2 19 9/17 9/19 9/21 9/23 9/25 図 -11 -A1 21 9 21 図 -9 図 -11c) 9 21 3m 2 3 d) 2 図 -12 9 6 9/6 9/8 9/1 9/12 9/14-15 -1-5 5 1 15 [cm/s] 図 -12 -A1 9 7 4 図 -12 9 11-11 ADCP 8 21 8 図 -
9 図 -13 8 27 13 ADCP 図 -13 図 -14a) 図 -14a) 図 -14b) 図 -14c) A-1.2m 8 3 31 12) 2) 21) [cm/s] 5 5 [m] 図 -13 ADCP a) 2 A1 図 -15 9 11 21 16 24 48 表 -1 48 9 11 22.21 19.5 2 3m 3 /s -A1 A2 A3 3 図 -16 9 11 16 8 12
[El.m] [ ] [m 3 /s] 2 1 29 28 27 a) b) c) A 1 [El. m] 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 245 22 9/11 16: 9/12 16: 9/13 16: 18 19 2 21 22 23 24 245 26 8/23 8/25 8/27 8/29 8/31 図 -14 図 -16 3m 3 /s Asaeda et al. 22) 1/5 g Qw( z) =.32Q B z 2 Q (1) B Q W [m 3 /s] Q B [m 3 /s] z [m] g [m/s 2 ] Q B =3.7[m 3 /min] z =7.5[m] g=9.8[m/s 2 ] Q W =2.2[m 3 /s] z 表 -1 4 223m (1) 1.5 4/3 [El. m] 22 9/21 16: 9/22 16: 9/23 16: 図 -15 A1 9 11 9 22 A1 A3 A3 (1) 22) b)
[h] 表 -1 [ ] [m] [m] [m 3 ] [m 3 /s] 21/9/11 48 22. 234.1 227.5 4.45 1 6 8 3.2 21/9/22 48 19.5 234. 226.3 4.8 1 6 8 3.5 [El.m] [ ] [ ] 2 22 24 262 22 24 26 21/9/11 16: 21/9/12 : 22 A1 A2 A3 図 -16 ADCP 図 -1721 7 21 -T3 T4 T5 表 -2 (1) 8.1m 3 /s 4 2 (1) 12) (1) 4 表 -2 1 4 4 (1) 表 -2 4 ADCP 図 -17 ADCP 4 QI = UiRi z (2) i Q I i U i i z ADCP.5m U i 図 -13 R i i 図 -17 T3 28m R i 28m 8 23 8 31 図 -1832m 3 /s (1) 4 表 -2 4
[El.m] [El.m] [El.m] [cm/s] 1 5-5 -1 22 a) T3 1 2 3 22 b) T4 1 2 22 c) T5 1 2 [m] 図 -17 表 -2 図 -18 15 2m 3 /s 図 -18 図 -11 図 -12 図 -18 表 -2 T3 T4 T5 (3) (5) 12) 23) E t1 z1 E = ρ ( T ) gz A( z) dzdt (3) t z e ( ) e= ( t t ) ρ( T) Q gh ln 1+ z H (4) 1 B A A [m 3 /s] 表 -2 ADCP 21/7/21 T3 37 m 3 /s 21/7/21 T4 29 m 3 /s 21/7/21 T5 33 m 3 /s 5 4 3 2 1 8/23 8/25 8/27 8/29 8/31 図 -18 ADCP η η = Ee (5) ρ(t, T) t T [kg/m 3 ] A(z) z [m 2 ] H T +[m] z [m] H A [m] η N[1/s] P N 3 4 NHT PN = (6) Qg B 図 -19 23) 2 図 -2 9 11 16 22 16 (4) 8 図 -11 3 図 -2 12.1.15 図 -19 4
η.2.15.1.5 P N 1 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 図 -19 3.3 図 -5-4 233.8m 239m 9/11 16:.1 9/12 16: 9/13 9/14 16: 16: 3.2m 1 2 3 9/21 16:.1 [ ] 9/22 16: 9/23 16: 15 1 2 3 [ ] 1) 2) 3) 25 2 9/24 16: 25 2 [ ] [ ] 図 -2 9 11 9 22
1) Asaeda, T., Priyantha, D. G. N., Saith, S. and Gotoh, K. A new technique for controlling algal blooms in the withdrawal zone of reservoirs using vertical curtains Ecological Engineering Vol.7 pp.95 14, 1996. 2) No. 143 pp.71 81 1998 3) No. 181 pp. 89 1 21 4) Vol. 26 pp. 837 844 1984 5) Vol. 27 pp. 773 779 1985 6) Vol. 39 pp. 191 2 22 7) Vol. 13, pp. 5 18 23 8) Lorenzen, M. and Mitchell, R.: Theoretical effects of artificial destratification on algal production in impoundments, Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 7, pp. 939 944, 1973. 9) 9 3F-P47 pp.3-33 21 1) Vol. 26, pp. 285 293 23 11) McDougall, T. J.: Bubble plumes in stratified environments, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 85, pp. 655 672, 1978. 12) Asaeda, T. and Imberger, J.: Structure of bubble plumes in linearly stratified environments, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 249, pp. 35 57, 1993. 13) Vol. 32, pp. 251 256 1988 14) Vol. 37 pp. 271 276 1993 15) Vol. 38 pp. 319 324 1994 16) Vol. 47 pp. 1243 1248 23 17) No. 193 pp. 88 94 22 18) ADCP Vol. 41 pp. 141 146 1997 19) 18 pp.187-192 1974 2) Vol.43 pp.1216-122 21) 411 /II-12 pp.247-254 1989 22) Asaeda, T., Imberger, J., and Ikeda, H. Bubble plume behavior in twolayered environmentsvol.2 pp.19 32 199 23) Imberger, J. Bubble Plume 411 / -12 pp.15 112 1989 (24. 3. 22 受付 )
FIELD MEASUREMENTS OF FLOW FIELD CAUSED BY DESTRATIFICATION SYSTEM IN A DAM RESERVOIR Makoto UMEDA, Kikuko MIYAZAKI and Seiji TOMIOKA Field measurements were conducted to investigate hydraulic environmental changes caused by destratification systems. The measurements were designed to observe the following three points: 1) spatial distribution of flow field using a ADCP equipped to a boat. 2) time series of current profile at stations near bubblers. 3) water temperature monitoring to observe thermal stratification. These observations revealed interesting behaviors of intrusion. The depth of intrusion responses to diurnal changes of surface water temperature because of the entrainment around water surface. Flow volume of intrusion was influenced by all the bubble plumes and their accompanying current.