31 GM VW 4
32 24 2011 58 2012.3.2 p.3 BRICs 2012 6 4 5 5 2012.5.10 p.11
33 2010.10.13 p.1 2010 238 2013 310 2012.5.25 p.3 2 5,000 7,500 2012.3.23 p.9 1 2. 1 1 2013.2.5 p.17
34 24 2012.1.1 p.7 2 2 1966 2013 7 4,000 15 150 1,225 2,777 2013.9.6 p.13
35 2009.6.26 p.3 2010.6.16 p.13 IMV 2004 1 2010.7.16 p.11 2011.3.5 p.11 2 5 1 5 5 2009.6.23 p.13 2009.6.26 p.3 5
36 24 2004 IMV IMV 6 2012 4 IMV 5 12 IMV 2011 90 140 2004 8 2012 3 7 8 500 2010.12.10 p.9 2012.4.7 p.11 2012.5.26 p.3. 1 2012.5.26 p.3
37 2012.3.23 p.9 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 2011 4 2012 600 2012.8.8 p.11 2012.8.9 p.9
38 24. 1 40 50 90 100 10 25 40 2008.3.26 p.11 50 2013.2.24 p.7 60 60 2012.5.26 p.3 GM 7,500 2010.7.16 p.11 2010.6.16 p.13 50 2012.5.26 p.3
39 70 2010.7.16 p.11 2012.5.26 p.3 2 2012 4 2012 6.2 2013.9.1 p.7 2010 100 100 EFC 2010.6.16 p.13 2012.5.26 p.3 2010.1.14 p.11 6 1,200cc 30 45 60 90 100 2010.1.6 p.9 3 7 1,400cc 1,300cc 2 58 9,000 93 2012.4.13 p.9 80 2010.7.7 p.11 1 7 1,500cc 49 6 90 2010.7.7 p.11 2010.12.2 p.9 1,200cc 39 9,000 72 2011.6.28 p.11
40 24 SUV 90 2015 8 2015 100 100 2011.3.5 p.11 2012.5.26 p.3 1980 10 20 5 10 2007 3 2012.1.12 p.15 2013.8.9 p.9. 4 3 1 30km HV 80 79 5,000 122 2011.9.21 p.13 2011.10.9 p.1
41 1,000cc 80 90 2 2009.11.5 p.1 2011.2.16 p.1 1. 100
42 24 100 100 2010.7.7 p.11 100 2011.8.9 p.10 100 7 2013.7.24 p.1 10 24 2010.7.7 p.11 85 2012.8.9 p.9 100 100 1 70 2014 1 9 1 104 100 2010.7.7 p.11
43 2013.4.19 p.11.
44 24 3 2012.4.6 p.1 HV 2015 HV 2009.11.5 p.1 2012.4.6 p.1 2013.4.21 p.7 2013.5.31 p.11 2013.11.15 p.12 HV 9 2011.9.4 p.5 3 2010.11.18 p11
45 2013 998 2 1 1,000 2014.1.24 p.11 6 2013.8.5 p.1 4.1. 1 50 2012.5.26 p.3 3.1. 2 5 5 2009.6.23 p.13 5 1 2 4 2013.7.2 p.15 4 2 5 2 1,000 2 500 370
46 24 2013.7.2 p.15 2018 100 15 2013.8.5 p.1 2011.6.28 p.11. 2012.4.13 p.9. 2012.1.1 p.7. 2013.9.1 3 p.7. 2010.7.7 p.11. 2010.12.2 p.9. 2013.2.5 p.17. 2013.5.31 p.11. 2013.11.15 p.12. 2010.1.6 p.9. 2010.1.14 p.11. 2012.4.6 p.1.
47 2012.1.12 p.15. 2012.2.15 p.15. 2009.11.5 p.1. 2011.8.9 p.10. 2012.8.8 p.11. 2012.8.9 p.9. 2013.8.5 p.1. 2008.3.26 p.11. 2009.6.26 p.3. 2010.6.16 p.13. 2010.11.18 p.11. 2010.12.10 p.9. 2011.2.16 p.1. 2011.3.5 p.11. 2011.9.4 p.5. 2011.9.21 30 p.13. 2012.3.2 p.3. 2012.3.23 5 p.9. 2012.4.7 IMV 500 p.11. 2012.5.10 p.11. 2012.5.25 8 p.3. 2012.5.26 p.3. 2012.7.13 p.11. 2013.2.24 p.7. 2013.4.19 p.11. 2013.7.2 500 p.15. 2013.7.24 p.1. 2013.9.6 4000 p.13. 2014.1.24 1032 p.11. 2011.10.9 p.1. 2010.7.16 p.11. 2009.6.23 p.13. 2013.8.9 p.9.
48 24 2013.4.21 p.7. 2010.10.13 p.1.
49 Yielding Larger Profit Margins through the Vehicle Model Strategy, Manufacturing and R&D Activities of Toyota Motor Corporation in Developing Countries Susumu ITO ABSTRACT The number of the new vehicle of developing countries is larger than that of advanced countries. It is expanding with high growth rate. Vehicle manufacturers need to increase revenue and profit margins in developing countries as well as in advanced countries. The purpose of this paper is to explore the methods that yield larger profit margins through the model strategy, manufacturing and R&D activities of vehicle manufacturers in developing countries. This paper deals with the vehicle model strategy, manufacturing and R&D activities of Toyota Motor Corporation in developing countries. To gain larger profit margins in developing countries, Toyota sells global cars, the exclusive cars of the region, cars for the wealth class, cars for the middle class, low-priced cars, and so on. Toyota designs, develops, and manufactures its vehicles in the developing countries where they are sold, and reduces the manufacture cost of its vehicles, increases revenue, and gains larger profit margins.