492006 3144 Oshima ToshihikoIshizeki Masanori Omnibus services between adjacent local cities used to be the trunk public transportation in late Showa era (1960's 1970's) and the frequent services were gained an important source of income for local bus companies. In particular, the omnibus service between Takasaki and Maebashi connects two these biggest cities in Gumma prefecture and was the biggest cash-cow route for carriers. Then, there were operated more than 250 services with several routes between the two cities. When Route 17 bypass was open to traffic, the route service licence was applied by five bus companies in both cities. However, the services were considerably reduced as dependency on bus service decreased, which resulted in remarkable traffic inconvenience. Our authors analyze the vicissitude of operations and convenience in comparison with rail services (frequency, fare, time required, any influence due to the rationalization of bus services) and discusses problems behind the management and plans of local bus business. 1960 70
492006 10km 17 1970 1950 1919 192031 10 10 10
1923 194217 1945 10 1949 19491964 194950 1958 1964 506923 11437 21 29.5 33.5 2020 2202 2300 2138 2340 2325 35 35 20 15 15 40 40 3.50 20 30 0.5 17 1980 3339 17152050 11 1950 31 1950 1964 15123:00 1966 0 600 1500 1961 12 1943 13
492006 196840 17 61 14 1950 193024 14 1950 195831 12.3km
15 13.8km6010 16 195910 5.2km 17 0 600 1500 195871
492006 3331 5958 23 581115 6224116615 19621117 19652519661215 6520 1960 196625 17 1960 223,300 9.1km17 18 65111775 251106611 66 19 196611
17 601020 50203030 19662212.6km 2017
492006 306025 319,100 2,783,236 70 400 150
1968 45 6 15 30 45 45 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 7 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 25 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 8 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 30 25 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 9 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 10 55 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 10 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 10 59 52 45 38 31 24 17 10 11 10 17 24 31 38 45 52 59 40 35 55 48 41 34 27 20 13 12 13 20 27 34 41 48 55 58 51 44 37 30 23 16 13 16 23 30 37 44 51 58 20 15 54 47 40 33 26 19 12 14 12 19 26 33 40 47 54 35 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 15 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 0 45 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 16 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 30 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 17 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 30 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 18 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 50 40 30 20 10 19 10 20 30 40 50 50 40 30 20 10 20 10 20 30 40 50 45 30 15 21 15 30 45 40 20 22 23 20 0 500 40 1555 19661215 10 67 %7 52 47 $2 37 32 @7 22 17 12 %7 52 47 $2 37 32 @7 22 17!2 %2 42 32 @2 12 %2 42 32 @2 12 %0 42 33 @2 12 52 43 32 @2 11 48 40 @8 20 12 %2 42 31 @2 10 %2 42 32 @2 12 57 %2 47 42 #7 32 27 @2 12 57%2 47 42 #7 32 27 @2 17 12 u 57 47 #7 32 27 @2 17 12 u 55 45 35 25 15 t 55 45 35 25 15 1968 825 1100 1220 1355 1455 100 1010 1040 1150 1500 1710 95 196810 7 8 9!2 22 32 $2 52 10!2 22 32 $2 52 11!2 22 33 $2 50 12 11 22 #2 43 52 13 12 @0 28 40 48 14!0 22 31 $2 52 15!2 22 32 $2 52 16!2 22 32 #7 42 47 %2 57 17 18 u 12 17 @2 27 32 #7 47 57 19 t 15 25 35 45 55 20 15 25 35 45 55 21 12 17 @2 27 32 #7 42 47 %2 57 u 12 17 @2 27 32 #7 42 47 %2 57 u 12 17 @2 27 32 #7 42 47 %2 57
492006 1970 1970 1960 197010 19805,800 101990 2,500 1961 9,972 1965 14,757 1,168 1970 13,973 1,142 1980 5,833 838 1990 2,538 534 2000 806 284 2005 1970 19711213 3218 55 1970 197620 20 701988 135 1990 199212
1998 3030 200510 1970 196060 70727475 30 21 70 195060 1970 19765080 22 9.8km10km 765040250 1976 1988 197080
492006 19642006 1964 1970 1976 1982 1988 1994 2000 2006 11437 11437 8737 7032 4823 3015 30 30 5555 4655 4345 3232 20 7.5 33.5 39 36 36.5 54.5 60.5 59 58.5 2300 2300 2200 2200 2144 2100 2100 2200 2107 2107 2105 2100 2010 1815 1955 2325 2307 2250 2244 2348 002 002 004 35 35 35 40 40 40 40 40 15 14 14 14 14 14 14 15 40 80 250 400 470 520 520 380 30 40 40 140 180 190 190 190 1960 1963 23 19681978 200012 520380190
1960250 1970 LRTLight Rail Transit 60 30 10 1730 30 100
492006 40 264Ppp.42-5214 JR 31-2pp.1-241983 93P1993 184P2002 195060 Vol.25pp.63-732006 pp.4-232006 1986 1934 101998 1973 101993 110.5 12 131955 1412 15 16 17196626 1810241999 19196617 2019781025 21197217 22197215 1998 231968