JAIST Reposi https://dspace.j Title 様々なデータを扱えるストリーミング技術を用いて機 器間の通信 制御を行う研究 Author(s) 明壁, 祐基 Citation Issue Date 2004-03 Type Thesis or Dissertation Text version author URL http://hdl.handle.net/10119/1806 Rights Description Supervisor: 丹康雄, 情報科学研究科, 修士 Japan Advanced Institute of Science and
2004 3
210001 : 2004 2 Copyright c 2004 by Asukabe Yuki 2
LAN
1 1 1.1................................... 1 1.1.1............................. 1 1.1.2.......................... 2 1.1.3................ 2 1.1.4............................... 3 1.2.................................. 3 2 5 2.1.............................. 5 2.2 IP.................... 6 2.2.1 UDP TCP.............................. 7 2.2.2 RTP................................... 8 2.2.3 RTP..................... 9 2.2.4 RTP..................... 11 2.2.5 RTCP.................................. 12 2.2.6 RTCP......................... 12 2.2.7 RTCP......................... 13 2.3 RTP................. 14 2.3.1............................ 14 2.3.2............................ 16 2.4....................... 18 3 20 3.1....................... 20 3.2...................... 21 3.2.1.... 21 3.2.2........................ 21 3.3............................ 22 3.3.1................................... 22 3.3.2............... 23 3.3.3............................ 24 i
4 26 4.1......... 26 4.1.1............................... 26 4.1.2............................. 27 4.2.................... 27 4.2.1.............. 29 4.2.2......... 31 4.3 XML............. 33 4.3.1 XML................................ 33 4.3.2 XML...................... 33 4.3.3 XML................ 33 4.3.4 XML RTP...... 38 4.4................... 38 5 40 5.1........................ 40 5.2..................................... 41 5.2.1............................. 41 5.2.2.............................. 42 5.2.3................ 43 5.3................................... 46 5.3.1............... 46 5.4................. 47 5.4.1................... 47 6 50 6.1..................................... 50 6.1.1 ns-2................................... 50 6.2................. 51 6.2.1........ 51 6.2.2.......... 52 6.2.3................................. 53 6.2.4................................. 54 6.3................. 59 7 60 7.1...................................... 60 7.2................................... 60 ii
62 iii
1.1....................... 2 1.2......................... 3 2.1.................... 6 2.2 RTP.......................... 7 2.3........................ 9 2.4 RTP.............................. 10 2.5 H.261...................... 15 2.6 H.261 RTP............... 16 2.7 G.723.1 RTP.............. 17 3.1............................ 23 4.1.................. 28 4.2 RFC2793.............. 30 4.3 RFC2793 RTP................. 30 4.4... 32 4.5 RTP.. 32 4.6 XML.................. 34 4.7 XML DTD.............. 34 4.8 XML.......... 36 4.9 XML... 37 4.10 1.... 38 4.11................... 39 5.1............................. 42 5.2.............................. 43 5.3.................... 43 5.4................... 47 5.5.... 49 6.1....... 55 iv
6.2 (....................................... 56 6.3 (..................................... 56 6.4 (. 57 6.5 (. 57 6.6 (.. 58 v
2.1 RTP....................... 12 3.1............. 23 4.1...... 27 4.2............. 27 4.3............ 29 6.1 PC.................. 50 6.2..................................... 52 6.3....................................... 54 vi
1 [1] IP 1.1 1.1.1 PC PC PC PC 1
1.1.2 2 1.1 1.1: 1.1.3 1.2 2
1.2: 1.1.4 LAN 802.11 LAN Bluetooth IrDA PHS IP IP LAN 1.2 2 3. 4 5 3 3
6 7 4
2 2.1 2.1 RealOnePlayer[2] WindowsMediaPlayer[3] QuickTimePlayer[4] 5
2.1: 2.2 IP LAN LAN IP IP UDP/IP RTP(Real-time Transport Protocol)[5] RTP RTCP(RTP Control Protocol)[5] RTP UDP/IP UDP RTP 2.2 6
2.2: RTP 2.2.1 UDP TCP UDP UDP UDP 1 UDP TCP TCP TCP 2 7
UDP TCP IP UDP RTP UDP TCP 1 1.1 1.2 2.2.2 RTP RTP IP endto-end RTP RTP RTP 2.3 RTP RTP 8
RTCP UDP RTP UDP/IP 2.3: 2.2.3 RTP RTP RTP RTP 9
RTP 12 f RTP 2.4 2.4: RTP RTP 1 RTP ver.2 1 1 1 CBRC 4 15 10
1 1 16 32 SSRC) 32 ID CSRC) 32 0 15 ID 2.2.4 RTP RTP 2.1 RTP H.263 MPEG1/MPEG2 [7] 11
2.1: RTP A V Hz) 0 PCMU A 8000 1 2 G.721 A 8000 1 3 GSM A 8000 1 4 G.723 A 8000 1 8 PCMA A 8000 1 9 G.722 A 8000 1 14 MPA A 90000 15 G.728 A 8000 1 26 JPEG V 90000 31 H.261 V 90000 32 MPV V 90000 33 MP2T AV 90000 96 127 2.2.5 RTCP RTCP RTP RTP RTCP RTCP RTCP RTCP RTCP RTCP RTP UDP/IP 2.2.6 RTCP RTCP RTCP SR) RR) 12
RTP RTCP RTCP RTP RTCP NTP RTP RTCP CNAME) RTP CNAME RTP RTCP RTP 5 RTCP RTCP RTCP RTCP. 2.2.7 RTCP RTCP 5 RTCP SR(Sender Report) 13
200 SR RTP SR NTP RR(Receiver Report) 201 RR SDES(Source Description) 202 RTP SSRC/CSRC SDES SSRC CNAME BYE 203 APP(Application) 204 RTCP 2.3 RTP RTP H.261 G.731 RTP 2.3.1 H.261 ISDN H.261 RTP [8] 2.5 2.6 14
H.261 2.5 2.6 GOB Group of Blocks) MB Macro Block) MB RTP 1 H.261 90,000Hz RTP H.261 H.261 RTP 2.5: H.261 15
2.6: H.261 RTP 2.3.2 G.723.1 5.3kbps/6.3kbps [9] G.723.1 2.7 G.723.1 30ms 180ms 1 RTP 1 8000Hz 16
2.7: G.723.1 RTP 17
2.4 RTP/RTCP IP LAN 18
19
3 LAN 3.1 1.2 20
3.2 2 2 3.2.1 4 3.2.2 2 PC PC 5 21
3.3 LAN 3.1 3.3.1 802.11 LAN IP,, 802.11 LAN 802.11 LAN 802.11 LAN IP RTP UDP/IP RTP 3.1 3.1 PC PC PC PC PC PC 22
3.1: 3.1: PC 3.3.2 [10] S,M,L 23
S,M,L 3.3.3 PC PC PC 24
25
4 4.1 LAN LAN IP IP 4.1.1 4.1 26
4.1: PC 4.1.2 4.2 4.2: PC 4.2 4.1 A/D / PC PC PC PC PC 27
PC IP RTP 4.3 4.1: 28
4.3: ( ) 25.3 (lx) 50 (db) 46.1, on,off xy x= 100 y= 200 go,back,left.right 4.2.1 IP RTP RFC2793[11] RFC2793 RFC2793 4.2 1000Hz 1 ITU-T T.140[12] T.140 UTF-8 RTP 4.3 96 127 29
4.2: RFC2793 4.3: RFC2793 RTP 30
4.2.2 IP RTP RFC2793 RFC2793 RFC2793 1 RFC2793 T.140 1000Hz 1 RFC2793 T.140 IP RTP 4.4 RTP RTP 96 127 8000Hz UTF-8 1 1 10 1 30 1 10 31
RTP 4.5 4.4: 4.5: RTP 32
4.3 XML RTP XML[13] 4.3.1 XML XML XML XML XML UTF-8 4.3.2 XML XML DTD(Document Type Definition) XML DTD XML XML 4.3.3 XML XML 4.6 DTD 4.7 XML RTP 4.8 PC XML RTP 4.9 33
4.6: XML 4.7: XML DTD 34
XML info info priority 0,1,2,3 5 sensor-info sensor-info temperature unit 0.1 temperature unit= 25.3 /temperature brightness unit lx brightness unit= lx 50 /brightness sound unit db 0.1 sound unit= db 46.1 /sound motion up off :unit onoff motion unit= onoff up /motion position PC x y x y position 35
position x= 100 y= 200 / control-info control-info operation go back right left poweron poweroff :unit roomba operation unit= roomba back /operation 4.8: XML 36
4.9: XML 37
4.3.4 XML RTP XML RTP XML UTF-8 1 1 RTP XML 4.8 114 114 4.8 TAB RTP TAB RTP XML RTP 12 RTP 8 UDP 20 IP 1 154 4.10 1 1 4.10: 1 4.4 4.11 PC PC XML XML RTP 38
UDP IP 802.11 LAN RTP XML 4.11: 39
5 3 5.1 3 PC PC 40
5.2 2 2 A 1 10 B 1 2 i ii 5.2.1 1 1 10 1 1 1 10 1 2 1 1 5.1 41
5.1: 5.2.2 1 1 5.2 42
5.2: 5.2.3 5.3 5.3: 43
1 B 10 30 ii B ii B ii 44
B i A i A i 45
5.3 5.3.1 A B A B i ii i ii A i B ii 5.4 46
5.4: 5.4 A B 5.4.1 802.11 LAN 0,1,2,3 RTP XML 4 47
1. 2. 5 3. 3 4. 2 5. 0 3 3 6. 1 2 48
5.5: 49
6 1 2 6.1 PC ns-2(network Simulator version 2)[14] PC 6.1 6.1: PC CPU OS ns-2 AMD Duron 900MHz 256MB Vine linux 2.6r1(kannel-2.4.20) ns-2 ver2.26 6.1.1 ns-2 50
,,. ns-2 ns-2 C++ otcl(objecttcl) (FreeBSD Linux Solaris Windows) ns-2 Xgraph nam (Network AniMator) 6.2 6.2.1 6.2 6 802.11 LAN 2Mbps) IP 10m 10m 2m 802.11 LAN 1 20 IP 8 UDP 12 RTP RTP XML 100 PC 1 XML 51
150 RTP 150 UDP/IP RTP 1 10 0.1 60 6.2: 6 IP 802.11 LAN(2Mbps) 10m 10m 1 240 PC 1 290 1 10 0.1 60 6.2.2 6.3 6 802.11 LAN 2Mbps) IP 52
10m 10m 2m 802.11 LAN 1 20 IP 8 UDP 12 RTP RTP XML 100 100 PC 1 XML 150 RTP 150 5 UDP/IP RTP 3 1 3 2 3 RTP 1 2 2 RTP 1 10 0.1 5 60 6.2.3 1 1 53
6.3: 6 IP 802.11 LAN(2Mbps) 10m 10m 1 240 PC 1 290 1 10 1 2 0.1 5 60 1 1 1 1 6.2.4 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 54
6.1: 55
6.2: ( 6.3: ( 56
6.4: ( 6.5: ( 57
6.6: ( 58
6.3 6.1 6.2 6.3 PC 6.4 6.5 6.6 60 40 59
7 7.1 LAN 7.2 RTP RTCP IP RTP RTP RTP RTCP RTP 60
4 4.11 3 802.11 LAN 61
,... 62
[1] Weiser, M., The Computer for the 21st Century, ScientificAmerican, 265 (3), pp.94-104, 1991. [2] RealNetworks, RealOnePlayer, http://www.real.com/. [3] Microsoft, WindowsMediaPlayer, http://www.microsoft.com/windows/windowsmedia/. [4] Apple, QuickTimePlayer, http://www.apple.com/quicktime/. [5] Shulzrinne,H., Casner,S., Frederick,R., and Jacobson,V., RTP:A Transport Protcol for Real-Time Application, RFC1889, 1996. [6] Shulzrinne,H., RTP Profile for Audio and Video Conferences with Minimal Control, RFC1890, 1996. [7] RTP PARAMETERS, http://www.iana.org/assignments/rtp-parameters. [8] Turletti,T.,Huitema,C., RTP Payload Format for H.261 Video Streams, RFC2032, 1996. [9] ITU-T: TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU, Dual rate speech coder for multimedia communications transmitting at 5.3 and 6.3kbit/s, G.723.1, 1996. [10] Roomba, http://www.roombavac.com/buyroomba/defaultb.asp. [11] Hellstrom,G., RTP Payload for Text Conversation, RFC2793, 2000. [12] ITU-T: TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU, Protocol for multimedia application text conversation, T.140, 1998. [13] Bray,T., Paoli,J., Sperberg-McQueen,C.,and Maler,E., Extensible Markup language(xml)1.0(second Edition), http://www.w3.org, 2000. [14] The Network Simulator - ns-2, http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/. 63
[15],,MCR, H.323/MPEG-4, IE, 2001. [16] Kosiur,D.,, TCP/IP IP,, 1999. [17] The ns Manual, http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-documentation.html. 64