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LESSON 1 2000 Roger Sperry and Robert Ornstein of the California Institute of Technology won a Nobel prize in 1972. They discovered that the human brain has two sides, and each side has different work to do. The left side of the brain controls language and number ; it analyzes and reasons. The right side controls our imagination ; it not only controls our understanding of space and color but also our appreciation of music and our sense of rhythm. It is the right side of our brain which daydreams. 3
Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519), the great painter and sculptor, ( A ) use of his imagination, his sense of color and composition, and his emotional feelings. He was also an anatomist (he studied bodies by cutting up dead bodies and making drawings of their internal organs, muscles, bones and sinews). Furthermore, he was an architect, a scientist and an inventor! Leonardo used both sides of his brain. And he was able to use both sides within each activity. He used his sense of size and space from the 4
right-hand side of his brain when he was doing his drawings of anatomy. But he used his sense of analysis and reason when he thought about how the body actually works. When he invented machines he used both his imaginative ability and his analytical ability. Albert Einstein (1879-1955) also used both sides of his brain. He enjoyed art, playing the violin and sailing. Great artists and great scientists are similar : they both use the two sides of their brain. Indeed, 5
Einstein said his scientific discoveries grew from his imagination rather than from analysis, reason and language. He said that written and spoken words were not important in his thinking. The story goes ( )that Einstein was daydreaming one summer s day while sitting on a hill. He imagined that he was riding on sunbeams to the far distance of the universe. Then he found that he had returned to the sun. So he realized that the universe must curve. He got this idea by using his imagination. He then used the left side of his brain to apply analysis, number and reason. And ( B ) he 6
used language to explain it. ( C ), established education in schools encourages us to use the left-hand side of our brains. ( )Why don t we give more value to visual thinking? Language, number, analysis and reason are given more importance in our schools than imagination and daydreaming. People with original and powerful imaginations have often been attacked in the past, and are often attacked or laughed at today! New and fresh ways of looking at things are disturbing for us. Ideas and the laws 7
are challenged and disturbed. The left side of the brain is upset! People in school who daydream and use their imagination are often told that they are lazy. And yet their dreams can change the lives of everyone around them. ( )This is ( ) ( ) ( ) that the right side of the brain ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ). We all need both sides of our brain. We need to use our imaginations to think of solutions to problems and to enjoy emotional and artistic experiences. But we also need to be logical 8
and to be able to analyze and organize in order to survive day ( D ) day. It is true that some people find it easier to use one side of the brain rather than the other, but we can all use both sides and we all benefit by using all the powers we possess. 9
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