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Shigetaka KATOW 2009 4 24 WHO 5 9 1 5 16 1 TV 6 12 6 11 WHO 6 4 5 12 E-mail : modern_media@eiken.co.jp 2009. 4. 28. http:idsc.nih.go.jpidwrkanjaweeklygraph01flu.html 0101-0051 - RIKEN Center of Research Network for Infectious Diseases (Jimbocho 101 Bldg. 8th fl. 1-101 Kandajimbo-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo)

10 1 4 2010 8 10 WHO 6 influenza influence in flow 1929 1933 1 1358 1743 2 1782 3 1835 1937 1729 33 1761 62 1781 82 1788 90 1799 1802 1830 33 1847 48 1857 58 1889 91 1900 1918 20 1946 48 1957 58 1968 69 1977 78 1700 1707 4 1716 1730 151733 18 1744 1747 4 1769 6 1776 5 1780 9 1781 1784 4 1795 7 1802 2 1808 5 1811 8 1821 4 1824 7 1827 10 1831 21832 3 1850 3 1854 1857 4 1860 1867 3 1890 91 23 24 2009 1 1 2 3 Smith, W. et al.: A virus obtained from influenza patient. Lancet, 66-681933 2002 19 21 J. Natl. Inst. Public Health 3, 236-2472009

1304 1 2 2 2 BC430 427 Thuchydides 1985 Langmuir 4 2 BC412 5 1901 862 6 864 3 2 984 1008 7 1011 4 5 6 7 Langmuir, A.D. et al.: The Thuchydides Syndrome. New Eng J Med, 3131, 1027-301985 Fields Virology. 5 th ed. D.M. Knipe et al. ed., Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins2006 1331969 http:upload.wikimedia.orgwikipediacommons00demperor_ichijc58d.jpg

1011 3 1233 8 1054 1 M1 1960 1329 2 1331 4 1614 1693 1784 1795 8 4 1180 19 1 60 http:www.takachiho.ac.jp~eshibuyakenkyukai.html

1802 1832 1854 1853 1854 1856 1858 1853 1854 1855 5 23 24 1890 91 3 23 1 1889 R.Pfeiffer Haemophilus influenzae 1933 1 B Hib B B

2008 Hib AIDS HIV V B Hib HIV 1933 Smith W 1 A A B 1940 Francis T C 1949 Taylor RM A, B, C A 2 1 HAHemagglutinin 16 1 NANeuraminidase 9 HA NA 2 16 9=144 144 HA NA H1N1 H5N1 B B HA 1 NA 1 HA Victoria 2 A H1 H2 C N A B C A 1 RNA 8 1 RNA DNA DNA RNA A

A 1 2144 3 RNA 8 4 RNA 5 1889 1889 1933 1933 9 1510 10 18 19 200 7 20 3 21 10 2009 1 1977 1889 A 1977 1977 2009 2010 12 H3N8 18 11 28 20 110 144 3 H1N1 H2N2 H3N2 2009 H1N1 A 20 H1N1 H2N2 H3N21977 A 1 H1N1 1977 A A 2 2009 AH1N1 A 2 1 2WHO AH3 AH1 BAH3 AH1 B 3 4 5 1 9 10, 2100-12009 10 Beveridge W.I, B.: Influenza : The last great plague. London, Heinenmann1977. 1978

H1N1 1957 H1N1 1 2 2 A H5N1 1997 18 6 100 2003 2010 12 2010 12 9 510 303 WHO 11 8 510 H5N1 H5N1 2009 11 H5N1 Cumulative Number of Confirmed Human Cases of Avian Influenza AH5N1Reported to WHO 9 December 2010http:www.who.intcsrdiseaseavian_influenzacountrycases_table_2010_12_09enindex.html

H5N1 2 2009 HA H5 H7 1 HA HA H5N1 12 2003 H5N1 8 H5N1 4 4 H5 4 International Epizootic OfficeOIE 5,000 1914 1918 900 6 16 5 12 Shinya, K., M. Ebina, S. Yamada, M. Ono, N. Kasai, and Y. Kawaoka. Avian flu : influenza virus receptors in the human airway. Nature : 435-4362006

1 1918 3 1 1918 5 2009 H1N12009 21997 RNA 3 5,000 1918 1920 11933 21929 31996 41914 1918 5 i 1933 ii1929 8 9 iii1960 1996 A B 2009 iv v 1 80

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WHO H1N1 5 1 1 2 3 48 4 4 5 1 2009 28 14 6 1 PCR 14 Teiichiro Shiino et al.: Molecular Evolutionary Analysis of the Influenza AH1N1pdm, May-September, 2009 : Temporal and Spatial Spreading Profile of the Viruses in Japan. www.plosone.org. 56, e11057, June2010

3 3 2009 A H1N1A H3N2 B 3 2009 2010 A H1N1 H1N1 3 WHO 2009 2 1 2010 9 15 2 1 2009 RNA RNA P. Palese 15 16 1 15 M Enami and P Palese : High-efficiency formation of influenza virus transfectants. J Virol. 5: 2711-27131991 16 Neumann, G. et al. Generation of influenza A viruses entirely from cloned cdnas. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA : 9345-501999

2009 2,063 2010 3 12 1 2 95 1 2 2009 200 2009 2010 2009 1

5 ACIP Advisory Committee for Immunization Practices all Japan 1 2009 1 2002 2005 3 CDC SARS CDC J.L.Gerberding B CDC

CDC 2002 2009 Julie Louise Gerberding 100 1 2003 2009 5 1 ACIP 17 GDP 18 2 1 50 17 R.E. Neustadt, H. V. Fineberg1976 2009