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1 N

2 ? 16 N 1612 N N

3 Fabian Drixler Mabiki: Infanticide and Population Growth in Eastern Japan, infanticide infanticide p 16 fertility p 16 p p longitudinal village studies p 19 Own Children Method total fertility rate

4 p p p p p p 35 Hirosima Ruggles 2009 demography and discourse p

5 Drixler F Conjuring the Ghosts of Missing Children A Monte Carlo Simulation of Reproductive Restraint in Tokugawa Japan Demography Hidden in Plain Sight False Stillbirths and Family Planning in Imperial Japan Journal of Economic History forthcoming Hirosima K Another tempo distortion Analyzing controlled fertility by age specific marital fertility rate MPIDR Working Paper WP Rostock Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research Ruggles Steven Reconsidering the Northwest European Family System Living Arrangements of the Aged in Comparative Historical Perspective Population and Development Review University of California Press pp xx

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10 p 140 p M

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14 M A

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16 RC

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21 xvii

22 p km km

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28 i ii

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30 2 NTT ii Ron Harris Industrializing English Law; Entrepreneurship and Business Organization, Cambridge University Press

31 p 5 business corporation joint stock business corporation joint stock business corporation business corporation p 37 joint stock company p 9 B C 1844 B C

32 p B C D R R The Invisible Weapon: Telecommunications and International Politics Oxford University Press The Tools of Empire: Technology and European Imperialism in the Nineteenth Century Oxford University Press 1981 The Tentacles of Progress: Transfer in the Age of Imperialism, Oxford University Press When Information Came of Age: Technologies of Knowledge in the Age of Reason and Revolution, Oxford University Press

33

34 A YWCA

35 YMCA YWCA

36 vi

37 W F Knauss Unwilling cooperation: German Japanese economic relations in the Second World War exemplified by the Helfferich Mission and the Ostasien Ausschss 2008 Osamu Yanagisawa European Reformism, Nazism, and Traditionalism: Economic Thought in Imperial Japan, Frankfurt am Main Peter Lang

38 xxiii

39 ECAFE ASA

40 APEC 80 ASA AFDC TANF

41 TANF TANF

42 20 TANF

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