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1 An avifaunal study in different types of forests in the central part of Hokkaido Japan YuzoFUJIMAKI ha ha 50ha 500m 18 km Hokkaido Forest Experiment tationbibaihokkaido [ 45 Bulletin of the Hokkaido Forest Experiment tationno8june1970]

2 2km/h m 50m W T 1958 Table 1 The number of species and the relative abundance of birds observed in the natural forest in the central part of Hokkaido from 1967 to 1970The relative abundance of a species was measured as the number of individuals counted on a strip plot of 25 m wide on either of the trail per hourif birds were observed outside the plotthe species was represented in the table with a plus markresidentsummer visitor Wwinter visitorttransientcientific names follow the Ornithological ociety of Japan JanFebMarApr May June July AugepOctNov Corvus levaillantii 0.5 Corvus corone Garrulus glandarius turnus cineraceus Eophona personata Chloris sinica 0.8 T Carduelis spinus 0.6 Pyrrhula pyrrhula T Loxia curvirostra 0.3 Emberiza spondocephala Emberiza cioides 0.5 Emberiza variabilis 0.8 Anthus hodgsoni Motacilla cinerea

3 Jan FebMarAprMay June July AugepOctNov Certhia familiaris itta europeae Parus major Parus palustris Parus ater Aegithalos caudatus Lanius bucephalus Bombycilla garrulus W 0.6 Hypsipetes amaurotis Muscicapa narcissina 1.6 Muscicapa cyanomelana egulus regulus Phylloscopus tenellipes Phylloscopus borealis Phylloscopus occipitalis Cettia diphone Urosphena squameiceps 0.4 Turdus cardis Turdus chrysolaus T Turdus naumanni 1.2 Erithacus cyanurus Erithacus akahige Erithacus cyane Troglodytes troglodytes Delichon urbica + Chaetura caudacuta Halcyon coromanda Picus canus Dendrocopos major

4 Jan FebMarAprMay June July AugepOctNov Dendrocopos leucotos Dendrocopos kizuki Dryocopus martius Cuculus canorus Cuculus saturatus 0.4 Falco subbuteo Buteo buteo Milvus migrans treptopelia orientalis 0.4 phenurus sieboldii Tetrastes bonasia Total Table 2 The number of species and the relative abundance of birds observed in the mature plantation in the central part of Hokkaido from 1967 to JanFeb MarAprMay June July AugepOctNov Corvus levaillantii 0.4 Corvus corone 0.7 Garrulus glandarius Coccothraustes coccothraustes Eophona personata 1.2 Chloris sinica 1.8 Pyrrhula pyrrhula 0.8 Emberiza spodocephala Emberiza cioides Certhia familiaris 1.0 itta europeae 1.0

5 Jan FebMarAprMay 6 June 7 July AugepOctNov Parus major Parus palustris Parus ater Aegithalos caudatus Lanius bucephalus Hypsipetes amaurotis Muscicapa narcissina Muscicapa cyanomelana egulus regulus Phylloscopus occipitalis Cettia diphone Urosphena squameiceps Turdus dauma Turdus cardis 0.7 Turdus chrysolaus Erithacus cyane 2.7 Troglodytes troglodytes 1.5 Picus canus Dendrocopos major Dendrocopos leucotos Dendrocopos kizuki Dryocopus martius 0.7 Cuculus canorus Cuculus saturatus 0.7 Buteo buteo treptopelia orientalis phenurus sieboldii Tetrastes bonasia Total

6 3 1 Table 3 The number of species and the relative abundance of birds observed in the young plantation in the central part of Hokkaido from 1967 to Jan Feb MarAprMay June July AugepOctNov Garrulus glandarius 3.0 Chloris sinica Emberiza spodocephala Emberiza cioides Emberiza fucata Parus major Lanius bucephalus Hypsipetes amaurotis Phylloscopus tenellipes Cettia diphone Cuculus canorus treptopelia orientalis 1.0 Tetrastes bonasia Total

7 つぎにそれぞれの林分について月ごとに種類数を比べてみる天然林の種類数は春から増えはじめ５月には 36 種となり年間の最大となるその後夏の間は多いが秋から冬にかけて減少し冬期間は 9 11 種と少なくなる図-1 壮齢林の種類数も天然林と同じような季節変化を示すがどの月でも天然林より少なく年間の最大は 5 7 月の 22 冬期間は 4 6 である図-1 幼齢林の種類数は他の林分よりおくれて７月に最大となるがわずか 10 種で月によっては１種もみられないことがあった図-1 このように種類数はどの月でも天然林でもっとも多くついで壮齢林幼齢林の順となる種類数の季節変化は渡りによって種類構成が変わるためであるがこのことを明らかにするため留鳥夏鳥その他の鳥類と大きく３つにわけこれらの季節変化をそれぞれの林分について比べてみる留鳥はシジュウカラ類やキツツキ類などで天然林では 9 20 種壮齢林では 4 12 種幼齢林では 0 2 種でいずれも夏に多く冬に少なくなっている図-1 一方夏鳥はアオジムシクイ類ヒタキ類ツグミ類などで天然林では 5 19 種壮齢林では 3 13 種幼齢林では 1 9 種どの林分でも 4 5 月に急激に増え 8 9 月に減少している図 1 その他の鳥類は 1 4 月に天然林でみられただけであ

8 ( ) (-4) (-4) (-4) Natural forest Mature plantation Young plantation 4 Table 4 The number of residentssummer visitorswinter visitors and transients at the natural forestthe mature plantation and the young plantation Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. ep. Oct. Nov. Dec esident ummer visitor Winter visitor and transient Total esident ummer visitor Total esident ummer visitor Total

9 MATIN MATIN1960HAAPANEN ha

10 1967a (-5) ( b) ( ) 5 Table 5 The number of species of residentssummer visitorswinter visitors and transients in different types of forests ummer Winter esident Transient Forest type visitor visitor Total ource Natural mixed forest 54 This study Mature coniferous plantation This study Young coniferous plantaion This study Deciduous forest FUJIMAKI of Moiwayama in 1967 Hokkaido YUIet al Young coniferous plantation in the central part of Honshu

11 HAAPANENA1965Bird fauna of the Finnish forests in relatjon to forest successioniann ZoolFennici MATINND1960An analysis of bird populations in relation to forest succession in Alognquin Provincial ParkOntarioEcol ( )264p p 1969 ( 43 )53p ummary Observations on birds carried out in different types of forestsnamely natural forestmature plantation and young plantation in the central part of HokkaidoJapan from June 1967 to February 1970 The natural forest is a mixture of Picea jezoensisabies sachalinensis and deciduous treeswith a dense undergrowth of shrubs and asa paniculatathe top of the canopy is about 30m highthe mature plantation is a dense stand of Abies sachalinensis partly mixed with Picea jezoensis forming a closed canopy of about 20m highthe young plantation consists of Abies sachalinensis having a hight of about 3m and there is a dense undergrowth of asa paniculata and shrubsthe ground is covered with snow which attained a depth of about 2m here Of 57 species recorded in the study areas54 were found in the natural forest39 in the mature plantation and only 13 in the young plantation see Tables 12 and 3 The number of species was greater and the species composition was more stable in the natural forest than in the mature plantationalthough the difference in the relative abundance was not great between these foreststhe young plantation was chracterized by small number of species and small relative abundance as compared with any other forestsome evidence of correlation was found between the number of species seen and the presence of undergrowth and canopy The birds recorded fell into 4 groupsnamely residentssummer visitorswinter visitors and transientsaccording to seasons that they appear in HokkaidoEach group included and 3 speciesrespectivelyin each forest the number of species and the relative abundance increased with the summer visitors arriving at from April to August and decreased from October to March of next year because of absence of the summer visitors and of a part of the residents (see Fig1 and Table 4) The change in the number of species was primarily affected by the summer visitors here In comparing avifauna of Hokkaido and Honshuit can be seen that the proportion of summer visitors was higher in Hokkaido than in Honshu (see Table 5)

福井県総合グリーンセンター公園における鳥類相

福井県総合グリーンセンター公園における鳥類相 Ciconia 16:21-27 2011 1 2011 8 24 50 25 9 12 4 2 12 Carduelis sinica Kunimitsu YANAGIMACHI 1. 2011. Bird fauna in Fukui Prefectural General Green Center. Ciconia (Bulletin of Fukui Nature Conservation

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