日本 SPF 豚研究会 All About Swine, 24, 11-30(2004) aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa Impact of antimicrobial growth promoter termination in Denmark 6

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1 Impact of antimicrobial growth promoter termination in Denmark 6 SPF allinallout AIAO 13,500 2, AIAO 22 SPF SPF 3 1VETSTAT DANMAP 2 Bager et al, EU EMEA, DANMAP 11

2 Danish Integrated Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring and Research Programme (DANMAP) DANMAP DANMAP DANMAP DANMAP kg DANMAP 2000 DANMAP 2000 VETSTAT Antibiotic group Bacitracin Flavotostolipol Glycopeptide Ionophores Macrolides Oligosaccharides Quinoxalines Streptogramins Growth promoter Bacitracin Flavomycin Avoparcin Monensin Salinomycin Spiramycin Tylosin Avilamycin Carbadox Olaquindox Virginiamycin , ,718 2, a) 42, ,391 3, ,657 1,299 17,210 3,700 26, ,221 21,193 15, , ,117 4, , ,012 22,483 2, , , ,350 2,740 1,985 13,486 5, , , ,803 28, , , n a) n n n n n n n n n n b) Total 79,308 99, , ,548 49,294 12,283 n a) n= not monitored, assumend to be zero. b) Sold to an exporing feed mill company and a farm near the border to Poland/Germany (pigs treated are presumed exported for slaughter) Antimicrobial growth promoters were withdrawn from use in cattle, broilers and finisher pigs in February Use in weaner pigs ceased in the following year. A small quantity (14kg), however, of EUapproved antimicrobial growth promoters was used in 2001 for the purpose of growth promotion. All About Swine No

3 VETSTAT VETSTAT ADDs Compound a) b) 2002 b) Tetracyclines Penicillins, betalactamase sensitive Other penicillins, cephalosporins Sulfonamides+trimethoprim c) Sulfonamiders Macrolides, lincosamides, tiamulin Aminoglycosides Others c) 9,300 5,000 1,200 3,800 8,700 10,900 7,700 6,700 22,000 6,700 2,500 7,900 5,900 12,900 8,500 6,800 36,500 9,400 4,400 9,500 5,600 11,400 8,600 4,400 12,900 7,200 5,800 4,800 2,100 7,600 7, ,100 14,300 6,700 7,700 1,000 7,100 7, ,200 14,700 6,600 6,800 1,000 8,700 7, ,000 15,100 7,300 7,000 1,000 15,600 10, ,300 16,000 8,700 9, ,900 9, ,300 16,900 9,800 10, ,200 9,200 1,600 Total 53,340 73,200 89,900 48,000 57,300 61,900 80,700 93,700 94,300 For comparability between VetStat data and previous data, see DANMAP Only veterinary drug are included, excluding human drugs and veterinary drugs obviously used in pets (tablets, capsules, ointment, eye and ear drops). a) Only the major contributing ATCgroups are mentioned. b) Does not include consumption in aquaculture (sale through feed mills and sale of oxolinic acid from pharmacies) before c) Data from VetStat Aquaculture is included. Animal species Age group Standard weight(kg) kg antimicrobial ADD (1000 s) kg animal treated (1000 s) Pigs Cattle Small ruminants Poultry Horses Mink Total kg antimicrobial Breeders and suckling pigs Weaners Slaughter pigs Age not given Cows, bulls Calves < 12 months Heifers, steers Age not given > 12 months < 12 months Age not given Broilers Layers Rearing flocks Age not given ,617 27,918 22, , ,380 6, ,740 37, ,764 1,698 3, ,604 71,230 4, ,132 13

4 DANMAP DANMAP 2000, Bager, 2002 DANMAP , DANMAP , 2001 VETSTAT 1kg 4mg 25mg 1 ADD ADD ADD 2001 VETSTAT 2001 ADD 2001 DANMAP ADD All About Swine No

5 DANMAP ADD kg ADD mg / 1 mg kg 2 Therapeutic Doxycycline Chloro and oxytetracycline Lincomycin, lincospectin Neomycin Tiamulin and valnemulin Tilmicosin Tylosin mg per kg. body weight mg per 50kg pig 625 1, ADD 3 2 ADD 15

6 ADD ADD 15kg 50kg 4 5 EMEA European Agency for Evaluation of Medical Products DANMAP 1999 EU All About Swine No

7 DANMAP 2002 DANMAP 2001 VETSTAT 1 17

8 4 100kg 145 2kg 42 DANMAP ,000,000,000 mg 2,000,000,000 kg 4,800,000,000 kg 22mg 20mg/kg ST DANMAP ADD DANMAP ADD ADD/ All About Swine No

9 ADD 15kg 15kg ADD 7 30kg ADD DANMAP ADD ADD/ ADD 50kg kg VETSTAT 1980 ADD ADD ADD ADD 3 1 4mg ADD 3 5 ADD 0.8 ADD 10.5 ADD 19

10 ADD 0.4 ADD 12 5 Larsen, 2002 EU 1997 EU EMEA, EU EU 1997 WHO WHO DANMAP 2001 DANMAP DANMAP DANMAP, 2002 DANMAP Enterococcus faecalis All About Swine No

11 DANMAP DANMAP Sensititre, Trek Diagnostic System Sensititre, Trek Diagnostic System DANMAP E. faecium 21

12 E. faecium E. faecalis DANMAP All About Swine No

13 DANMAP DANMAP, E. faecium 97 E. faecalis Normal Flora Study NORMAT DANMAP 2002 NORMAT Neo Sensitabs, A/S Rosco DANMAP

14 Antimicrobial Avilamycin Synercid Erythromycin Vancomycin No. resistant/no. tested (% resistant) /15 (0%) 7/24 (29%) 2/25 (8%) 0/24 (0%) /19 (16%) 0/19 (0%) 1/19 (5%) 0/19 (0%) Antimicrobial Flavomycin Avilamycin Erythromycin Vancomycin No. resistant/no. tested (% resistant) /49 (2%) 0/49 (0%) 8/97 (8%) 0/49 (0%) 2/27 (7%) 0/27 (0%) 10/27 (37%) 0/27 (0%) 19 E. faecium 27 E. faecalis FrimondtMoller and Hammerum, E. faecium E. faecalis E. faecium E. faecium 20 E. faecium Jensen et al., 2002; Aarestrup, 2002 E. faecalis All About Swine No

15 Aarestruo, 2002 E. faecalis DANMAP, 2002 DANMAP, Campylobacter jejuni Campylobacter coli DANMAP, ,000kg 68,350kg 25

16 5,000kg ,100kg 2001 DANMAP, 2002 E. faecium E. faecium Emborg et al., 2002 E. faecium 1995 E. faecium E. faecalis DT104 DANMAP2001, p All About Swine No

17 DANMAP, Campylobacter jejuni DANMAP, 2002 DANMAP, 2002 Campylobacter jejuni, Yersinia enterocolitica, Listeria monocytogenes

18 , , EU All About Swine No

19 Species No. Tested % +ve No. Tested % +ve No. Tested % +ve No. Tested % +ve No. Tested % +ve No. Tested % +ve Pigs Poultry 96,482 NA ,483 NA , , , , Salmonella Enteritidis Salmonella Enteritidis

20 & Yersinia enterocolitica Yersinia enterocolitica P< Evans & Wegener, P< , , P< Evans & Wegener, 2002, 1997 & All About Swine No

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