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1 3: (2) : - : chap11@sfc.wide.ad.jp DESIGNING DEPENDABLE INTERNET FOR NETWORK CONVERGENCE. DESIGNING DEPENDABLE INTERNET FOR NETWORK CONVERGENCE. 2 UTP/STP Unshielded twisted pair» 100» 0.5mm ()» Ethernet Shielded twisted pair» mm [UTP]» e.x. TX+ TX- [] []

2 UTP RJ11 6 RJ45 8 RJ48 8 LAN/ISDN ISDN [T568B] 1 / 2 3 / 4 5 / 6 7 / 8 [RJ48] (: Internet Week 98 TIA/EIA-T568A TIA/EIA- T568B 90m 10/100 T568A T568B TX+ 1 TX- 2 RX+ 3 RX T568A / / / / T568B / / / / 1 TX+ 2 TX- 3 RX+ 6 RX- 7 8 : xdsl» : 0~4KHz» ISDN: 0~320KHz»ADSL: 25~138KHz»ADSL: 138k~1.1MHz ADSL ISDN ADSL ISDN» ADSL 25kHz 552kHz» 1000Base-LX (1300nm f230thz» WDM/ADSL» 100Base-TX» 1000Base-T» 1000Base-SX/LX»ADSL 4KHz 25KHz 138KHz 320KHz 1.1MHz 9 10 IEEE base-T 100base-TX 1000base-T 1000base-SX/LX 4B5B+MLT-3 4D-PAM5(8B1Q4) 8B10B PC PC

3 10Base-T 1 0 4B5B+MLT-3 4B5B MLT-3 3(MLT-3) 01 4bit 5bit (4B5B) Base-TX MLT-3 100m 100Mbps FSK(Frequency Shift Keying)»» 21 :4 2bit83bit ASK(Amplitude Shift Keying)» () PSK(Phrase Shift Keying)» FSK ASK PSK QAM(Quadrature Amplitude Modulation)»»»224 4QAM2bit» QAM4bit Q 16QAM I (MOdulater DEModulator) NCU ITU-TV V.42» LAPM(Link Access Procedure for Modems) V bps» 16QAM2400»MNP(6) MNP(Microcom Networking Protocol) Microcom» /»MNP1~

4 : Application Application TCP TCP IP IP IP Ethernet/10M 10M 100M 100M/Ethernet CAT5 CAT5 CAT5 CAT5 DESIGNING DEPENDABLE INTERNET FOR NETWORK CONVERGENCE Layer2 Encapsulation Layer3() LAN L2L3() L3 IPIPv6 21 L2 EthernetATM 22 Ethernet, ADSL, WDM Next

5 P2PShared Point-to-Point (P2P) () : PPP Shared Link : Ethernet Point-to-Point Link Ethernet Ethernet Ethernet Frame Formant MAC () Ethernet CSMA/CD XeroxPARC(Palo Alto Research Center) Xerox, Intel, DECEthernet 2.0 IEEE802.3 Ethernet : 10Mbps ~ 10Gbps Ethernet Frame Format [Ethernet format] Type Ethernet IP, IPv6, IPX»IP?»IPv6? IEEE» ETHERTYPE_IP 0x0800» ETHERTYPE_ARP 0x0806» ETHERTYPE_IPV6 0x86DD

6 MAC 2 NIC MAC Addr 00:2d:1a:41:01:42 MAC Addr 19:c7:12:31:0a:11 MAC Addr e1:dd:91:a1:63:12 MACEUI-48 OUI (Organizationally Unique Identifier) IEEE 1OUI OUI G/I/bit G/L/bit G/I bit 1 G/L 0 : IEEE 1 : NIC Ethernet Network Interface Card NICMAC NICIP MACIP A NODE1 B NODE2 C NODE3 D NODE4 E NODE5 NODE1NODE4 NODE4MAC 3 33 A NODE1 B NODE2 C NODE3 D NODE4 E NODE5 NODE4NODE1 34 CSMA/CD A A AB B Node B CSMA/CD carrier sense multiple access with collision detection Ethernet Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Detection random1 Carrier Sense Carrier Sense

7 (Full Duplex) (TX)(RX) 100Mbps 100Mbps : (Half Duplex) 100Mbps 100Mbps :» Ethernet()» LAN DESIGNING DEPENDABLE INTERNET FOR NETWORK CONVERGENCE. CDMA (Spread Spectrum : SS) LAN(1/2) CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance) Data?? Data Data LAN(2/2) LAN» Collision Detection» (CDMA/CD) CSMA/CA with ACK ACK?? ACK CSMA/CA CSMA/CA Carrier Sense Collision Window (18 pulse) t Data

8 Direct Sequence : DS SS1 LAN PNpseudo-random number DS PN» range PN»PN SS [] PN sequence LAN Ethernet Frame CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access)» 1ch b a g 2Mbps 11Mbps 54Mbps 54Mbps 1Mbps 4~5Mbps 20~25Mbps 20~25Mbps 2.4GHz 2.4GHz 5.2GHz 2.4GHz DS, FH, Infrared CCK(DS-SS) OFDM CCK-OFDM/OFDM GHzLAN ARIB STD-T66STD-T33 5MHz 1ch22MHz 4 ch:5 (cf:2.432) ch:10 (cf:2.457) ch:14 (cf:2.484) ch:4 (cf:2.427) ch:9 (cf:2.452) ch:3 (cf:2.422) ch:8 (cf:2.447) ch:13 (cf:2.472) ch:2 (cf:2.417) ch:7 (cf:2.442) ch:12 (cf:2.467) ch:1 (cf:2.412) ch:6 (cf:2.437) ch:11 (cf:2.462) (GHz) 2.4GHz GHz ISM(Industry Science Medical)»» MHz14» GHz 11» GHz 4 2.4GHzLAN b (IEEE High-Rate Direct Sequence)» 1999IEEE() g» 2003IEEE ()

9 5GHzLAN a10MHz 2003(WRC-03) LAN (?) 34ch 38ch 42ch 46ch cf:5.17 cf:5.19 cf:5.21 cf: ch 54ch 58ch 62ch cf:5.25 cf:5.27 cf:5.29 cf: (?) 11ch (GHz) 5GHz GHz ch»» 2.4GHz 5GHz»» ETC» (AMeDAS) 5GHzLAN a Wi-Fi Wireless Fidelity Wi-Fi AllianceLAN» Wi-Fi Certified -» 1000» IEEE a/b/g»» 25% *1 *2 WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) : RC4 64(40)bit128bit WEP Initialization Vector()24bit IV : Source: *1 Wi-Fi Alliance, *2 Atheros, ESSID (Extended Service Set-IDentifier ) LAN LANESSID ESSID any ESSID ESSID Mac Address Filtering MAC Address MAC Address MAC Address Mac Address Filtering MAC Address LAN

10 IEEE i WEP TKIP»» AES» 128 / 192 / 256bit3 EAP» WPA / WPA2 WEP i WEP WPA2AES WPA/WPA2 WPAWPA2 WEP WPA WEP 1. () PC PC MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) A B C D A B C D A B C D IEEE n MIMO IEEE n 108Mbps 50Mbps MIMO A B C D A B C D A B C D 100Mbps (: Airgo True MIMO) n Source: Common Bus Topology backbone cable Topology: DESIGNING DEPENDABLE INTERNET FOR NETWORK CONVERGENCE. Ethernet (Terminator) 60 10

11 Star Topology Ring Topology Point-to-Point MAN(Metropolitan Area Network) FDDI, Token Ring Mesh Topology Tree Topology :100Base-TX () (L1L2) /» Store & Forward»MAC» (Spanning Tree)

() () LAN CSMA/CD Node B Node C Node D 67 A 68 (1/2) Ethernet Ethernet Port 1 3 MAC 00:D0:59:83:AB:CD 00:D0:59:98:76:54 HUB Switch 1 2 3 4 5 00:D0:59:83:AB:CD

12 () () LAN CSMA/CD Node B Node C Node D 67 A 68 (1/2) Ethernet Ethernet Port 1 3 MAC 00:D0:59:83:AB:CD 00:D0:59:98:76:54 HUB Switch :D0:59:83:AB:CD 00:D0:59:92:11:02 00:D0:59:00:12:34 00:D0:59:98:76:54 00:D0:59:01:02: (2/2) MAC MAC MAC L2 LAN 10BASE-TX LAN100BASE-TX LAN Store & Forward MAC / 100Mbps100Mbps

13 OSI MAC 73 Node B AD D Node C Node D 74 10BASE-TX 100BASE-TX LAN Store & Forward 100BaseTX( )100Mbps MAC match MAC port3 A Node B Node E Node C Node D

14 MAC Node D port3 2. D2 MAC Node D Node D port3 D Port2 A Node B Node E Node C Node D D Node B Node E Node C Node D A A,BA2 ALAN2 A B A Port 2 B Port 2 LAN 2 LAN 2 LAN2 A B A B A LAN 1 LAN BLAN2 BLANLAN2 A Port 2 B Port 2 A Port 2 B Port 2 LAN 2 LAN 2 A B A B LAN 1 LAN

15 5ABLAN2 6ABLAN2 ALAN2 A Port 2 B Port 2 A Port 1 B Port 1 LAN 2 LAN 2 A B A B LAN 1 LAN A A,BLAN1 A Port 1 A B Port 1 B LAN 2 LAN IEEE 802.1d (root)(leaf) () F E B C root D A A B E C D F B <-> E

16 P2P Link Ethernet» Shared Link Ethernet»» LAN L2 VLAN Ethernet L2 L2 LAN»» PC» VLAN(LAN) 1 1 VLAN Port VLAN Tagged VLAN(802.1q) Port VLAN VLAN VLAN1,2 VLAN VLAN VLAN2 VLAN1 VLAN

17 (Layer 3 )VLAN VLAN Tagged VLAN VLAN Ethernettag VLAN EthetnetVLAN tag(vlanid) VLAN1 VLAN2 VLAN1 1 2 VLAN2 VLAN 97 VLAN1 VLAN2 98 Ethernet Ethernet» / Ethernet» 1000BASE-LX 5km» 10GBASE-ER 40km Ethernet Ethernet VLAN 1 VLAN 2 1 VLAN VLAN 1 VLAN 2 VLAN 1 VLAN 2 Ethernet Shared Link» Point-to-Point» EthernetLAN»LAN»

18 Q-in-Q Tagged VLAN VLAN 802.1q Q,802.1Q,vMAN,VPLS 4096 x 4096 VLAN Ethernet Customer s Customer s Frame Header 1q tag Ethernet Header Carrier s 1q tag Customer s 1q tag Customer s Frame 103 Q-in-Q VLAN 2 VLAN1 VLAN2 A Q-in-Q 11 VLAN1 VLAN2 B Q-in-Q VLAN1 VLAN2 2 Ethernet 1 2 B Q-in-Q 3 A Q-in-Q 1 VLAN1 VLAN1 VLAN2 A Q-in-Q 1 VLAN2 104 L2 L / 1Gbps» - CAT5, b()» (500m) Base-SX (5km) Base-LX

19 Ethernet CSMA/CD CSMA/CA VLAN L2(//) :1 WBT+/WBT+: (1/2): 11 (2/2): Cisco Network Academy (10/18~10/30) Academy Connections Assessment Home Chapter 1 Exam ~ Chapter 15 Exam 024» cnap@sfc.wide.ad.jp Final Exam 0,8, X 3 Any Questions? 113 Source: Electric minds World Wide Jam Tokyo,

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untitled 2: ()? 2 UTP ()!! SW-HUB 3 Point-to-Point Broadcast Multiple Access Non-Broadcast Multiple Access Point-to-Point 2 MAC Examples Node A Node B 1 Broadcast Multiple Access () MAC Node A Node B Node C Ethernet