1 Dependency Injection glue glue glue glue glue GluonJ GluonJ glue Dependency Injection Aspect-Oriented Programming Meets Dependency Injection Rei Ish

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1 1 Dependency Injection glue glue glue glue glue GluonJ GluonJ glue Dependency Injection Aspect-Oriented Programming Meets Dependency Injection Rei Ishikawa and Shigeru Chiba This paper proposes programming design using a glue code. If a program is designed with a glue code, we can change the connection among components in the program without any changes of their implementations. A glue code is a new kind of aspects which is specialized for connecting components. This paper also proposes GluonJ, which is a new aspect-oriented system for glue codes. It provides integrated language constructs for dependency injection and aspect-oriented programming. GluonJ is more suitable for describing glue codes than existing systems. 1. glue glue 1 1 glue glue glue GluonJ GluonJ glue Dependency Injection 2 glue 3 GluonJ 4 GluonJ 5 6 Department of Mathematical and Computing Sciences, Tokyo Institute of Technology

2 2 Fig. 1 1 OrderDAO A class diagram for the book store application 2 : 2. glue SecurityManager check SecurityManager SecurityManager 2 Oracle- 1 Order- ingservice MySQLOrder- glue DAO OracleOrderDAO glue 2 OrderingSer- vice SecurityManager OrderingService addshippingrate- AndOrder public class OrderingService { private MySQLOrderDAO dao; public OrderingService() { dao = new MySQLOrderDAO(); MySQLOrderDAO order public void addshippingrateandorder ( User user, Book[] books) { 2 int total = 0; for (int i = 0; i < books.length; i++) 1 : total += books[i].getprice(); if (total < 1500) total += getshippingrate(user); dao.order(user, books, total); public class MySQLOrderDAO { public void order (User user, OracleOrderDAO sendhint 2 OrderingService MySQLOrderDAO

3 Book[] books, int total) {... OrderingService OrderingService OrderingService MySQLOrderDAO MySQLOrderDAO 1 3 MySQLOrderDAO 1 MySQLOrderDAO sendhint MySQLOrderDAO dao 1 MySQLOrderDAO MySQLOrderDAO 1 addshippingrateandorder 2 OrderingService dao MySQLOrder- order DAO OrderingService 2.3 glue OrderingService OrderingService OrderingService glue glue MySQLOrderDAO glue OrderingService 3 glue 2 dao OracleOrderDAO MySQLOrderDAO OracleOrderDAO addshippingrateandorder OrderingService dao order dao MySQLOrderDAO OracleOrderDAO sendhint 2 OrderingService SecurityManager OrderingService 3 OrderingService OrderingService SecurityMan- MySQLOrderDAO ager dao OrderingService SecurityManager OrderingService addshippingrateandorder addshippingrateandorder SecurityManager MySQLOrderDAO order glue 3

4 4 booksdata = books; public class MySQLOrderDAO extends OrderDAO { public void order (User user, Book[] books, int total) {... AspectJ 1),7) OrderingService MySQLOrderDAO glue glue GluonJ glue XML <glue> <reference> MySQLOrderDAO OrderingService. glue aspect = new MySQLOrderDAO(); <behavior> 3. GluonJ glue <pointcut> execution(void OrderingService. addshippingrateandorder(..)) </pointcut> glue <after> Java MySQLOrderDAO.aspectOf(this).order( GluonJ AspectJ glue booksdata, total); userdata, </after> GluonJ </behavior> </glue> 3.1 GluonJ <reference> 2 GluonJ GluonJ 3 <reference> glue GluonJ GluonJ MySQLOrderDAO OrderingService glue 3 MySQLOrderDAO Java OrderingService <reference> public class OrderingService { OrderingService private User userdata; private Book[] booksdata; OrderingService private int total; MySQLOrderpublic void addshippingrateandorder ( DAO User user, Book[] books) { total = 0; for (int i = 0; i < books.length; i++) glue <reference> total += books[i].getprice(); MySQLOrderDAO if (total < 1500) OrderingService aspect total += getshippingrate(user); OrderingService userdata = user;

5 3.1.2 <behavior> <behavior> AspectJ 4 <pointcut> aspectof <pointcut> aspectof AspectJ <after> <pointcut> AspectJ Java Java aspectof 4 link <reference> OrderDAO OrderingService.link = new MySQLOrderDAO(); static Aspect Aspect.aspectOf(Target target); aspectof Target Aspect aspectof Aspect Aspect <behavior> OrderingService addshippingrateandorder OrderingService MySQLOrderDAO order <behavior> <after> <before> <around> AspectJ <before> <pointcut> private <around> <pointcut> <reference> <after> 3.2 GluonJ OrderingService 2.3 glue OrderDAO dao 3 MySQLOrderDAO GluonJ dao dao glue <reference> <reference> OrderingService.dao = new MySQLOrderDAO(); <reference> 5

6 6 aspect = new OracleOrderDAO();  <behavior> <pointcut> execution(void OrderingService. addshippingrateandorder(..)) </pointcut> <reference> <after> OracleOrderDAO.aspectOf(this). sendhint(this); Java  OracleOrderDAO.aspectOf(this).order( Java this.userdata, this.booksdata, this.total); glue Java </after> <reference> </behavior> </glue> glue 2 1 <reference> <reference> MySQLOrderDAO Oracle- OrderDAO 1 <behavior> sendhint <behavior> 2 glue <behavior> <glue> <reference> Java MySQLOrderDAO OrderingService. aspect = new MySQLOrderDAO(); SecurityService OrderingService. aspectof aspect = SecurityService. factory(this.id);  <behavior> <pointcut> execution(void OrderingService. addshippingrateandorder(..)) 3.3 glue </pointcut> <after> MySQLOrderDAO.aspectOf(this).order( glue this.userdata, GluonJ this.booksdata, this.total); </after> </behavior> <behavior> GluonJ <pointcut> glue execution(void OrderingService. 1 glue addshippingrateandorder(..)) </pointcut> <before> <glue> SecurityService.aspectOf(this). <reference> check(this.id); OracleOrderDAO OrderingService. </before>

7 </behavior>  <reference> </glue> glue 2 AspectJ percflow <reference> SecurityManager SecurityManager Cflow <behavior> Cflow check <reference> 3.4 OrderDAO Cflow( call(void OrderingService. addshippingrateandorder(..))). GluonJ aspect = new MySQLOrderDAO(); <pointcut> <pointcut> Cflow GluonJ for <pointcut> <reference> addshippingrateandorder OrderDAO MySQLOrder- aspectof DAO order <after> OrderingService OrderDAO.aspectOf(thisCflow).order(); </after> addshippingrateandorder aspectof thiscflow public void addshippingrateandorder ( Cflow User user, Book[] books) { aspectof thiscflow... DAO.send(); thiscflow <after> DAO.send() static <reference> static <pointcut> static <pointcut> <pointcut> call(static DAO.send()) </pointcut> Association Aspects 11) perobjects <reference> OrderingService Session MySQLOrderDAO GluonJ <reference> OrderDAO OrderingService. aspect(session) = 7

8 8 new MySQLOrderDAO(this, args); aspectof <after> OrderDAO.aspectOf(service, session).order(); </after> aspectof service OrderDAO public class OrderDAOFactory { public OrderDAO factory() { session OrderDAO <reference> OrderingService public class OrderingService { Order- private OrderDAO dao; public OrderingService() { DAO dao = OrderDAOFactory.factory(); Session aspect public void addshippingrateandorder ( User user, Book[] books) { int total = 0; service OrderingService session Session ser- vice session 2.2 OrderDAO 2 1 MySQLOrderDAO aspectof OrderDAO OrderingService OrderDAOFactory <reference> MySQLOrderDAO MySQLOrderDAO OrderingService this args this aspectof 1 args aspectof Object sendhint OrderingService Dependency Injection for (int i = 0; i < books.length; i++) total += books[i].getprice(); if (total < 1500) total += getshippingrate(user); dao.order(user, books, total); 4.2 Dependency Injection return new MySQLOrderDAO(); 1 dao OrderDAO Dependency Injection 3

9 DI DI Dependency Injection DI 1 Spring Framework 6) <beans> <bean name="service" class="orderingservice"> <property name="dao"> <ref bean="dao"/> </property> </bean> <bean name="dao" class="mysqlorderdao" /> </beans> AspectJ MySQLOrder- DI DAO MySQLOrderDAO OrderingService dao Order- MySQLOrderDAO order ingservice MySQLOrder- GluonJ <reference> DAO after MySQLOrder- Dependency Injection DAO order Dependency Injection order <reference> OrderingService MySQLOrderDAO <reference> private AspectJ order MySQLOrderDAO OrderingService OrderingService MySQLOrderDAO OracleOrderDAO MySQLOrderDAO 2 SecurityManager AspectJ MySQLOrderDAO Order- ingservice GluonJ Java aspect MySQLOrderDAO { after(orderingservice s) : execution(void OrderingService. addshippingrateandorder(..)) AspectJ && this(s) { User user = s.userdata; Book[] books = s.booksdata; int total = s.total; // 9

10 10 glue GluonJ glue <behavior> glue AspectJ glue AspectJ AspectJ 1 AspectJ AspectJ issingleton perthis dao AspectJ OrderingService MySQLOrderDAO OrderingService dao 1 MySQLOrderDAO after(orderingservice s) : execution(orderingservice glue AspectJ glue s.dao = new MySQLOrderDAO(); GluonJ glue GluonJ glue <reference> OrderingService MySQLOrderDAO glue 3 Order- <reference> ingservice MySQLOrderDAO GluonJ Java <reference> OrderingServoce.dao = glue new MySQLOrderDAO(); Glue <reference> public privireged aspect Glue { <reference> private MySQLOrderDAO OrderingService.dao = new MySQLOrderDAO(); after(orderingservice s) : execution(void OrderingService. addshippingrateandorder(..)) && this(s) { s.dao.order(s.userdata, s.booksdata, s.total); new(..)) && this(s) { AspectJ glue glue Glue GluonJ Glue glue OrderingService userdata Glue 1 booksdata 1 MySQLOrderDAO order Glue OrderingService GluonJ glue <reference> s

11 this OrderingSer- Glue MySQLOrder- vice s DAO private 3.1 GluonJ glue GluonJ glue Java this OrderingService private this AspectJ 5. Glue OrderingService DI OrderingService this glue GluonJ glue <behavior> Java glue OrderingService AspectJ private As- AspectJ pectj OrderingService private AspectWerkz 2) JBoss-AOP 5) AspectJ XML GluonJ glue private GluonJ glue CaesarJ 8) CaesarJ glue privileged GluonJ glue private CaesarJ privileged AspectJ AspectJ privileged private Glue AspectJ 1 privileged OrderingService private privileged glue glue Association Aspects 11) private Eos 9) Eos-U 10) privileged 11 private OrderingService Spring Framework Seasar2 12) NanoContainer 4)

12 12 Eos-U // 6) Rod Johnson and Juergen Hoeller. Expert GluonJ One-on-One J2EE Development without EJB. Wrox, ) Gregor Kiczales, Erik Hilsdale, Jim Hugunin, 1 OrderingService Mik Kersten, Jeffrey Palm, and William G. MySQLOrderDAO Griswold. An overview of aspectj. In ECOOP OrderingService 01, pages , ) Mira Mezini and Klaus Ostermann. Conquering aspects with caesar. In AOSD 03, pages GluonJ ACM Press, ) Hridesh Rajan and Kevin Sullivan. Eos: Java instance-level aspects for integrated system design. In ESEC/FSE 2003, pages ACM GluonJ Press, ) Hridesh Rajan and KevinJ. Sullivan. Classpects: unifying aspect- and object-oriented language AspectJ design. In ICSE 05, pages ACM Press, ) Kouhei Sakurai, Hidehiko Masuhara, Naoyasu Ubayashi, Saeko Matsuura, and Seiichi Ki- GluonJ moya. Association aspects. In AOSD 04, pages ACM Press, Mar ) The Seasar Project. Seasar. homepage3.nifty.com/seasar/. glue glue glue glue GluonJ GluonJ 3) glue 1) AspectJ Project. Aspectj. org/aspectj/. 2) Jonas Boner and Alexandre Vasseur. Aspectwerkz org/. 3) Shigeru Chiba and Rei Ishikawa. Aspectoriented programming beyond dependency injection. In ECOOP 05, pages , ) Codehaus. Nano Container. nanocontainer.org/. 5) JBoss Inc. Jboss aop final. http:

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