11月/庵原俊昭

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1 Classification and identification of fungi Takashi YAGUCHI 6 fungus -gi Whittaker 5 1 Monera 4 Protista Plantae Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University (1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba)

Protista Plantae 0260-8673 - - Medical Mycology

2 Whittaker 5 James et al Fungi Animalia Mastigomycotina Zygomycotaina Ascomycotina Basidiomycotaina Deuteromycotina 8 4 Chytridiomycota Zygomycota Ascomycota Basidiomycota Straminipila Mitosporic fungi Deuteromycetes 2, 3 Glomeromycota Microsporidia 6 4, 5 Phylum Chytridiomycota zoospore Phylum Zygomycota Absidia Mucor Rhizomucor Rhizopus Phylum Ascomycota 8 Acremonium Aspergillus Penicillium Tichoderma Phylum Basidiomycota

Chytridiomycota Zygomycota Ascomycota Basidiomycota Straminipila Mitosporic fungi Deuteromycetes 2, 3

3 Deutromycets 6, 7 Aspergillus Emericella Eurotium Neosartorya Aspergillus nidulans Emericella nidulans A. nidulans A. nidulans E. nidulans true hypha Candida albicans yeast-like fungi Cryptococcus filamentous fungi hypha spore yeast 3 5µm mother cell daughter cell 1 badding Schizosaccharomyces cell fission pseudohypha Candida albicans Cryptococcus neoformans

nidulans true hypha Candida albicans yeast-like fungi Cryptococcus filamentous fungi

4 1 10µm septum mycelium vegetative hypha reproductive hypha aerial hypha 2 sexual spore asexual spore heterothallic homothallic 2 A a 1 teleomorph A. oospore B. zygospore Mucor Rhizopus C. ascospore ascus ascocarp cleistothecium perithecium D. basidiospore clamp basidium 4 Rhizopus oryzae

5 Chaetomium sp. Eupenicillium sp. Chaetomium sp. Neosartorya fischeri Talaromyces flavus

6 anamorph 8 A. zoospore zoosporangium B. sporangiospore sporangiophore sporangium C. conidium -dia conidiophore macroconidium microconidium blastoconidium Cladosporium symposioconidium denticle 1 annelloconidium annellation phialoconidium phialide collarette Phialophora Fusarium Acremonium Aspergillus Paecilomyces Penicillium poroconidium Alternaria Curvularia aleurioconidium Trichophyton Chrysosporium arthroconidium chlamydospore Filobasidiella neoformans Cryptococcus neoformans

annelloconidium annellation phialoconidium phialide collarette Phialophora Fusarium Acremonium Aspergillus Paecilomyces

7 Rhizopus oryzae Trichophyton mentagrophytes Cladosporium sp. Scopulariopsis sp. Phialophora sp.

8 Aspergillus sp. Curvularia sp. Trichophyton sp. A B C D E G F A. B.C.D. E. F.G.

9 A. 10g 10ml 90ml ml 45 PDA SDA MY20A µg ml NaCl µg ml 2µg ml g 1ml B ml C. 0.45µm D. 2 3 CzA NaNO3 3g K2HPO4 1g MgSO4 7H2O 0.5g KCl 0.5g FeSO4 7H2O 0.01g 1000ml CYA CzA 5g MEA 1g 1000ml MY20MY20A 5g 3g 3g 200g 1000ml OA 30g 1000ml PDA 200g 1000ml SDA 40g 10g 1000ml

10 Candida , 11 V U 5mm 10mm SEM Aspergillus 1 Neosartorya SEM

11 A A B C D E F B G H C D I J A. B. C, D. 1 3 A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. 10g10g10g 50ml 0.025g 100g 5g1.5g100ml 10g200ml300ml500ml 13 Cryptococcus Candida Aspergillus LA ELISA

12 β-1 3- D- 14 PCR polymerase chain reaction method DNA RAPD PCR RFLP : restriction fragment length polymorphism rdna D1 D2 ITS GenBank http: gov Genbank GenbankSearch.html BLAST http: blast. ncbi. nlm.nih.gov Blast.cgi 1 Whittaker RH : New Concept of Kingdoms of Organisms, Science, : , pp , Kirk PM, Cannon PF, David JC, Stalpers JA : Ainsworth & Bisby s Dictionary of the Fungi 9 th ed, CAB International, Egham, pp. 198, James TY, Kauff F, Schoch CL, Matheny PB, Hofstetter V, Cox C, Celio G, Gueidan C, Fraker E, Mia dlikowska J, Lumbsch HT, Rauhut A, Reeb V, Arnold EA, Amtoft A, Stajich JE, Hosaka K, Sung G-H, Johnson D, O Rourke B, Crockett M, Binder M, Curtis JM, Slot JC, Wang Z, Wilson AW, Schüβler A, Longcore JE, O Donnell K, Mozley- Standridge S, Porter D, Letcher PM, Powell MJ, Taylor JW, White MM, Griffith GW, Davies DR, Humber RA, Morton J, Sugiyama J, Rossman AY, Rogers JD, Pfister DH, Hewitt D, Hansen K, Hambleton S, Shoemaker RA, Kohlmeyer J, Volkmann-Kohlmeyer B, Spotts RA, Serdani M, Crous PW, Hughes KW, Matsuura K, Langer E, Langer G, Untereiner WA, Lücking R, Büdel B, Geiser DM, Aptroot A, Diederich P, Schmitt I, Schultz M, Yahr R, Hibbett DS, Lutzoni F, McLaughlin D, Spatafora J, Vilgalys R. Reconstructing the early evolution of the fungi using a six gene phylogeny. Nature : , Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA : Ainsworth & Bisby s Dictionary of the Fungi 10 th ed, CAB International, Wallingford, p 265, pp , p 12, pp , : 41-46, : 47-58, pp , pp , pp , pp , 2007.

3 Kirk PM, Cannon PF, David JC, Stalpers JA : Ainsworth & Bisby s Dictionary of the Fungi 9 th ed, CAB International, Egham, pp. 198, 2001.

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　　　　　　　Ｎｏ No.JM-3745,3746 試験報告書 APMS レザー試験項目かび抵抗性試験平成 22 年 5 月 23 日試験期間平成 22 年 4 月 16 日 ~ 平成 22 年 5 月 14 日 No.JM-3745,3746 page1 かび抵抗性試験 1. 試験目的株式会社パブリック様供試試料 7 点についてアピザス法によるかび抵抗性試験を行う 2. 試験ピース内容試験ピース No.