第 部 Part 数字で見る知財動向 Trends of Intellectual Property with Facts and Figures 第 章特許 / Chapter Patents 2 出訴状況 出願年別で見る特許出願 審査請求 特許出訴状況登録等の推移 出願年別に見たとき 特許出願件
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- うたろう こいたばし
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1 第 章特許 Chapter Patents 特許出願 登録の現状 Current Status of Patent Applications and Registrations Changes in the Number of Patent Applications and Requests for 特許出願件数 審査請求等の推移出訴状況 Examination 特許出願件数は 26 年までは4 万件を超える高い水準で推移していた しかし 26 年以降漸減傾向に転じ 年は前年比 2.2% 減の38,72 件であった また 年の審査請求件数は24,42 件 特許登録件数は 89,358 件であった 図表 : 特許出願件数の推移 (26-) Chart : Changes in the Number of Patent Applications(26-) The number of patent applications had remained almost unchanged at a high level, over 4 thousand per year, until 26 when the trend was reversed and started gradually decreasing. In, it decreased by 2.2% from the previous year to 38,72. In the same year, the number of requests for examination was 24,42 and the number of patent registrations was 89,358. 5, 4, 48, ,29 39,2 3, 348, , ,6 342, , ,989 38,72 2,, 特許出願件数は国内出願件数と特許協力条約に基づく国際出願 (PCT 国際出願 ) のうち国内移行した出願件数の合計数である また PCT 国際出願については国内書面の受付日を基準としてカウントしている The number of patent applications is the sum of domestic applications and international applications under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (hereinafter referred to as PCT international applications) which entered the national phase. Also, PCT international applications are counted based on the day of receiving documents for national phase. 図表 2: 審査請求件数の推移 (26-) Chart 2 : Changes in the Number of Requests for Examination (26-) 5, 4, 3, 382,6 376,3 347, , ,92 253, ,4 24,88 245,535 24,42 2,, 請求年 / Year JPO STATUS REPORT 26 29~ 年の審査請求件数には審査請求料の納付繰延制度を利用しているものが含まれる The numbers of requests for examination between 29 and include those that are subject to the fee deferral system.
2 第 部 Part 数字で見る知財動向 Trends of Intellectual Property with Facts and Figures 第 章特許 / Chapter Patents 2 出訴状況 出願年別で見る特許出願 審査請求 特許出訴状況登録等の推移 出願年別に見たとき 特許出願件数や審査請求件数は近年漸減傾向であるものの 特許登録件数は7 万件前後を維持しており 特許登録率 ( 特許出願件数に対する特許登録件数の割合 ) は増加傾向にある このことから 出願人が特許出願及び審査請求にあたり厳選を行うことが根付き 企業等における知的財産戦略において量から質への転換が図られつつあることが窺える Changes in the Numbers of Patent Applications, Requests for Examination, Patent Registrations, etc. by Filing Year Although the numbers of patent applications and requests for examination by filing year have been gradually decreasing over the recent years, the number of patent registrations by filing year has remained almost unchanged at approximately 7 thousand per year over the past several years, and therefore, the patent registration rate (the ratio of the number of patent registrations to the number of patent applications) tends to be increasing. This shows that applicants have become more strictly selective in both filing applications and filing requests for examination, further indicating that IP strategies of companies, etc. have been shifting from quantity to quality. 図表 3: 出願年別で見る特許出願 審査請求 特許登録等の推移 (99-) Chart 3 : Changes in the Number of Patent Applications, Requests for Examination, Patent Registrations, etc. by Filing Year (99-) 特許登録件数 Number of Patent Registrations 審査 拒絶査定不服審判係属中等件数 Pending for Examinations/ Appeals against Examiner's ( 審査請求期間中 ) In Examination Request Period % 5, Decisions of Refusal 審査請求件数特許出願件数特許登録率 4, 35, 3, 25, 2, 5,, 5, 45, Number of Requests for Number of Patent Patent Registration Rate Examination Applications 出願年 特許出願件数 367, ,348 37,88 366, , ,62 376,544 39,59 4,845 45,53 436, ,38 42,96 審査請求件数 76,97 78,865 85,28 95,373 9,275 99,54 22,442 27,38 224, ,957 25,77 257,87 275,276 特許登録件数 6,24 6,75 8,442 22,5 6,259 9,743 9,27 22,499 25,9 23,847 27,39 35,4 45,533 出願年 特許出願件数 43,8 423,7 426,974 48, ,6 39, , , ,32 342, ,38 325,688 38,345 審査請求件数 274,752 28,25 277,797 26,22 252, ,6 233,9 233,78 232,47 237,96 63,229,87 62,4 特許登録件数 48,584 54,942 6,36 63,757 66,544 74,656 66,367 7,234 57,68 97,22 58,546 29,978 6,96 特許登録件数の数値は 26 年 3 月 日時点での暫定値 年から 年の審査請求件数の数値は 26 年 3 月 日時点での暫定値 延長登録出願件数は 特許出願件数に含まない The numbers of patent registrations are provisional as of March, 26. The numbers of requests for examination between and are provisional as of March, 26. The number of applications for registration of extension of patent term is not included in the number of patent applications. JPO STATUS REPORT 26
3 PCT 出訴状況国際出願件数の推移 Changes in the Number of PCT International Applications 3 日本国特許庁を受理官庁とした特許協力条約に基づく国 The number of PCT international applications filed with the JPO as the 際出願 (PCT 国際出願 ) の件数は 年を除き 一貫 receiving office has been increasing, except for in. In, it して増加傾向を示している 年は前年比 4.4% 増の increased by 4.4% from the previous year to 43,97, having reached the 43,97 件となり過去最高の件数となった record high numbers. 図表 4:PCT 国際出願件数の推移 (26-) Chart 4 : Changes in the Number of PCT International Applications (26-) 5, 45, 4, 35, 3, 25, 26,422 26,935 28,27 29,29 3,524 37,974 42,787 43,75 4,292 43,97 2, 5,, 5, JPO STATUS REPORT 26
4 第 部 Part 数字で見る知財動向 Trends of Intellectual Property with Facts and Figures 第 章特許 / Chapter Patents 4 出訴状況 出願人国籍別特許出願件数上位 か国 出訴状況地域 出願人国籍別に 年の特許出願件数を見ると 日本を除き最も多い国 地域は米国であり 26,5 件 ( 内 PCT 国際出願は6,93 件 ) であった 次いでドイツが 6,43 件 ( 内 PCT 国際出願は4,56 件 ) 韓国が5,222 件 ( 内 PCT 国際出願は2,564 件 ) であった また 総出願件数に占める外国人の出願件数の割合は8.8% であった The Number of Patent Applications by Country of Origin of Applicant (Top Countries/Regions) Looking at the numbers of patent applications filed with the JPO in by country of origin of applicant, the top country/region, excluding Japan, was US with 26,5 applications (including 6,93 PCT international applications), followed by Germany with 6,43 applications (including 4,56 PCT international applications) and Korea with 5,222 applications (including 2,564 PCT international applications). The ratio of the number of applications filed by foreign applicants to the total number of applications was 8.8%. 図表 5: 出願人国籍別出願件数上位 か国 地域 () Chart 5 : Number of Patent Applications by Country of Origin of Applicant (Top Countries/Regions) () 特許 Patents 内国人出願件数 Applications Filed by Japanese Applicants 外国人出願件数 Applications Filed by Foreign Applicants 出願件数 Number of Applications ( 内 ) PCT 国際出願 (Including) PCT International Applications ( 内 ) 外国語書面出願 (Including)Foreign Language Applications 258,839 2, ,882 39,66 8,73 米国 US 26,5 6,93 5,28 ドイツ Germany 6,43 4, 韓国 Korea 5,222 2, フランス France 3,369 2, 中国 China 2,84 2,25 87 スイス Switzerland 2,55, オランダ Netherlands 2,28,846 8 英国 UK,75, 台湾 Taiwan, スウェーデン Sweden その他の外国 Others 6,828 4, 総出願件数 Total Number of Applications 38,72 6,43 8,934 表中の PCT 国際出願の数字は 年に日本国に国内移行した出願を示す The numbers of PCT international applications represent those which entered the national phase in. JPO STATUS REPORT 26 3
5 特許登録件数上位出訴状況 社 Top Companies that Registered Patents Most 5 年の特許登録件数を企業別に見ると 第 位はト Looking at the numbers of patent registrations in by corporate ヨタ自動車で4,64 件 第 2 位はキヤノンで3,77 件 第 3 applicant, the top company was Toyota Motor Corporation with 4,64 位は三菱電機で3,364 件であり 電機と自動車関連メー patent registrations, followed by Canon Inc. with 3,77 patent カーがトップの大部分を占めた registrations and Mitsubishi Electric Corporation with 3,364 patent registrations. Electric and automobile manufacturers occupied the majority of the top ranks. 図表 6: 特許登録件数上位 社 () Chart 6 : Top Companies that Registered Patents Most () 順位 Rank 前年 (4) () (2) (5) (3) (7) (2) (6) (8) () 出願人 Applicant トヨタ自動車 TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION キヤノン Canon Inc. 三菱電機 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation 東芝 TOSHIBA CORPORATION パナソニック Panasonic Corporation 富士通 FUJITSU LIMITED セイコーエプソン SEIKO EPSON CORPORATION リコー Ricoh Company, Ltd. デンソー DENSO CORPORATION 本田技研工業 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. 登録件数 Number of Registrations 4,64 3,77 3,364 2,54 2,445 2,339 2,264 2,53 2,24,934 共同出願人となっているものも含めて計上 パナソニックはパナソニック IP マネジメントの件数を含む The data includes applications filed by more than one applicant. The number of registrations by Panasonic Corporation includes those by Panasonic IP Management K.K. 4 JPO STATUS REPORT 26
6 第 部 Part 数字で見る知財動向 Trends of Intellectual Property with Facts and Figures 第 章特許 / Chapter Patents 6 出訴状況 大学等の特許出願件数の推移および特許登出訴状況録件数上位 大学 承認 TLOを含む日本の大学等からの特許出願件数は 24 年の国立大学法人化を境に急激に増加し 25 年には7 千件を超えた その後 27 年をピークに減少に転じていたが 29 年以降は横ばいで推移しており 年の特許出願件数は前年比.% 増の6,967 件であった Changes in the Number of Patent Applications Filed by Universities, etc. in Japan, and Top Universities that Registered Patents Most The number of patent applications filed by universities including approved TLOs (technology licensing organizations) had grown rapidly since 24 when all national universities became incorporated, and exceeded 7 thousand in 25. After hitting the peak in 27, it had gradually decreased until 29, since when it has remained almost unchanged. In, it increased by.% from the previous year to 6,967. 図表 7: 大学等からの特許出願件数の推移 (24-) Chart 7 : Changes in the Number of Patent Applications Filed by Universities, etc. in Japan (24-) 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2,, 7,352 7,859 7,569 7,6 7,5 6,99 6,962 6,756 6,899 6,967 6,56 4, 出願人が大学長又は大学を有する学校法人名の出願及び承認 TLO の出願を検索 集計 企業等との共同出願も含む The data was collected by counting applications filed by an university president, university or approved TLO. The data also includes applications filed by joint applicants with companies, etc. また 年の大学等の特許登録件数上位を見ると 第 位は東京大学で239 件 第 2 位は東北大学で233 件 第 3 位は京都大学で73 件であった Looking at the top universities, etc. that registered patents most in, the top university was The University of Tokyo with 239 patent registrations, followed by Tohoku University with 233 patent registrations, and Kyoto University with 73 patent registrations. 図表 8: 大学等特許登録件数上位 大学 () Chart 8 : Top Universities, etc. that Registered Patents Most () 順位 Rank 大学名 University 件数 Number of Registrations 東京大学 The University of Tokyo 東北大学 Tohoku University 京都大学 Kyoto University 73 4 東京工業大学 Tokyo Institute of Technology 6 5 大阪大学 Osaka University 54 6 名古屋大学 Nagoya University 28 7 九州大学 Kyushu University 8 北海道大学 Hokkaido University 97 9 千葉大学 Chiba University 96 広島大学 Hiroshima University 93 全大学等計 Total 3,862 出願人が大学長又は大学を有する学校法人名の出願及び承認 TLO の出願を検索 集計 企業等との共同出願も含む The data was collected by counting applications filed by an university president, university, or approved TLO. The data also includes applications filed by joint applicants with companies, etc. JPO STATUS REPORT 26 5
7 2 世界における特許出願 登録の現状 Current Status of Patent Applications and Registrations in the World 世界の特許出願件数の推移出訴状況 Changes in the Number of Patent Applications in the World 世界の特許出願件数は 25 年に7.3 万件であった The number of patent applications filed in the world was,73 が この 年で.6 倍に増加し 年は268. 万件で thousand in 25, and it had grown.6 times over the past ten years. In あった, 2,68 thousand applications were filed. 図表 9: 世界の特許出願件数の推移 (25-) Chart 9 : Changes in the Number of Patent Applications in the World (25-) 万件 / Ten Thousand 非居住者による特許出願 / Non-Resident 居住者による特許出願 / Resident ( 資料 / Source)WIPO IP Statistics Data Center 世界の特許登録件数の推移出訴状況 Changes in the Number of Patent Registrations in the World 2 世界の特許登録件数は 25 年に63.2 万件であったが The number of patent registrations in the world was 632 thousand in この 年で.9 倍に増加し 年は7.7 万件であった 25, and it had grown.9 times over the past ten years. In,,77 thousand patents were registered. 図表 : 世界の特許登録件数の推移 (25-) Chart : Changes in the Number of Patent Registrations in the World (25-) 万件 / Ten Thousand 非居住者による特許登録 / Non-Resident 居住者による特許登録 / Resident 登録年 / Year ( 資料 / Source)WIPO IP Statistics Data Center 6 JPO STATUS REPORT 26
8 第 部 Part 数字で見る知財動向 Trends of Intellectual Property with Facts and Figures 第 章特許 / Chapter Patents 3 五大特許庁における特許出願件数の推移出訴状況 年の日米欧中韓五大特許庁における特許出願件数を見ると 日本国特許庁 (JPO) は 32.6 万件であり 前年より微減した なお 年の中国国家知識産権局 (SIPO) における特許出願件数は.2 万件であり 件数増加が際立っている Changes in the Number of Patent Applications Filed with the Five IP Offices (IP5 Offices) Looking at the numbers of patent applications filed with the IP5 Offices in, the JPO received 326 thousand applications, which shows that it experienced a slight decrease from the previous year. In, the SIPO received,2 thousand applications, indicating remarkable growth. 図表 : 五大特許庁における特許出願件数の推移 (2-) Chart : Changes in the Number of Patent Applications Filed with the IP5 Offices (2-) 万件 / Ten Thousand SIPO ( 中国 /China) JPO ( 日本 /Japan) EPO ( 欧州 /Europe) USPTO ( 米国 /US) KIPO ( 韓国 /Korea) 2 JPO( 日本 ) 344, ,6 342, , ,989 38,72 SIPO( 中国 ) 39,77 526,42 652, ,36 928,77,,864 USPTO( 米国 ) 49,226 53, ,85 57,62 578,82 KIPO( 韓国 ) 7, 78,924 88,95 24,589 2,292 23,694 EPO( 欧州 ) 5,5 42,822 48,562 48,27 52,73 6,22 ( 資料 ) (Sources) SIPO : SIPO ウェブサイト SIPO : SIPO website USPTO : USPTOウェブサイト USPTO : USPTO website KIPO : KIPO ウェブサイト KIPO : KIPO website EPO : EPO ウェブサイト EPO : EPO website JPO STATUS REPORT 26 7
9 4 PCT 出訴状況加盟国及び PCT 国際出願件数の推移 PCT 加盟国数は 年以降横ばいで推移している PCT 国際出願件数は 29 年以降増加しており 年は 26,77 件であった Changes in the Number of PCT Contracting States and PCT International Applications The number of PCT Contracting States has remained almost unchanged since. The number of PCT international applications has been growing since 29, and it reached 26,77 in. 図表 2:PCT 加盟国及び PCT 国際出願件数の推移 (26-) Chart 2 : Changes in the Number of PCT Contracting States and PCT International Applications (26-) 25, 2, 5, PCT 国際出願件数 / Applications PCT 加盟国数 / States か国 / Number of States ,334 25,292 24,34 26,77 82,437 49,643 59,933 63,24 55,42 64,34, 5 5, ( 資料 ) PCT 加盟国数 :WIPO ウェブサイト PCT 国際出願件数 :WIPO IP Statistics Data Center 26 年 3 月 日時点 (Sources) The number of PCT Contracting States: WIPO website The number of PCT international applications: WIPO IP Statistics Data Center As of March, 出訴状況 世界の出願人居住国別のPCT 国際出願件数出訴状況の推移及び割合 世界における 年の出願人居住国別のPCT 国際出願件数を見ると 上位 か国で87.4% を占めた 日本は全体の2.3% を占め 米国に次いで高い割合を維持している Changes in the Number of PCT International Applications by Country of Residence of Applicant and Its Ratio Looking at the numbers of PCT international applications filed in the world in by country of residence of applicant, top countries accounted for 87.4% of the total number. Japan accounted for 2.3%, which was the second highest next to US. 図表 3: 世界の出願人居住国別の PCT 国際出願件数の推移 (-) 及び割合 () Chart 3 : Changes in the Number of PCT International Applications by Country of Residence of Applicant (-) and Its Ratio () 56,898 6, スウェーデン / Sweden (3.8).8% 5, 4, 3, 2,, 出願年 / Year 米国 US 44,5 日本 Japan 29,799 中国 China 7,988 4,565 ドイツ Germany 韓国 フランス Korea France 8,48 5,284 4,332 4,259 3,84 英国 UK 出願人の居住国 / Country of Residence of Applicant オランダスイススウェーデン Netherlands Switzerland Sweden スイス / Switzerland (4.3) 2.% オランダ / Netherlands (4.3) 2.% 英国 / UK (5.3) 2.4% フランス / France (8.4) 3.9% 韓国 / Korea (4.6) 6.7% ドイツ / Germany (8.) 8.3% ( ) = 千件 / Thousand 他 / Others (27.3) 2.6% 中国 / China (29.8) 3.7% 米国 / US (56.9) 26.2% 日本 / Japan (44.) 2.3% ( 資料 / Source)WIPO IP Statistics Data Center 8 JPO STATUS REPORT 26
10 第 部 Part 数字で見る知財動向 Trends of Intellectual Property with Facts and Figures 第 章特許 / Chapter Patents 6 日本から海外への特許出願件数の推移出訴状況 日本から海外への特許出願件数は 年以降横ばいで推移し 年は2,28 件であった Changes in the Number of Patent Applications from Japan to Foreign IP Offices The number of applications from Japan to foreign IP Offices has remained almost unchanged since, and it was 2,28 in. 図表 4: 日本からの海外への特許出願件数の推移 (25-) Chart 4 : Changes in the Number of Patent Applications from Japan to Foreign IP Offices (25- ) 25, 2, 5, 62,49 7,434 74,778 79,895 68,295 78,336 87,47 23,258 2,427 2,28, 5, ( 資料 / Source)WIPO IP Statistics Data Center JPO STATUS REPORT 26 9
11 7 出訴状況 日本人による主要国 機関への特許出願件出訴状況数の推移 年の日本人による主要国 機関への特許出願件数は 米国特許商標庁 (USPTO) へは前年比 2.% 増の 86,69 件であり 中国国家知識産権局 (SIPO) へは同.8% 減の4,46 件 欧州特許庁 (EPO) へは同.3% 減の 22,8 件 韓国特許庁 (KIPO) へは同 4.% 減の5,653 件であった Changes in the Number of Patent Applications Filed with Major IP Offices by Japanese Applicants. As for the number of patent applications filed with major IP Offices by Japanese applicants in, 86,69 applications were filed with the USPTO, a year-on-year increase of 2.%. On the other hand, 4,46 applications were filed with the SIPO, a year-on-year decrease of.8%, 22,8 applications were filed with the EPO, a year-on-year decrease of.3%, and 5,653 applications were filed with the KIPO, a year-on-year decrease of 4.%. 図表 5: 日本人による主要国 機関への特許出願件数の推移 (2-) Chart 5 : Changes in the Number of Patent Applications Filed with Major IP Offices by Japanese Applicants (2-) 万件 / Ten Thousand USPTO ( 米国 /US) SIPO ( 中国 /China) EPO ( 欧州 /Europe) KIPO ( 韓国 /Korea) 2 2 USPTO 84,7 85,84 88,686 84,967 86,69 SIPO 33,882 39,23 42,278 4,93 4,46 4,78 EPO 2,626 2,48 22,49 22,45 22,8 2,426 KIPO 4,346 5,234 6,4 6,3 5,653 USPTO は Utility Patent が対象 The data of USPTO is based on utility patent. ( 資料 ) (Sources) USPTO : USPTO ウェブサイト USPTO : USPTO website SIPO : SIPO ウェブサイト SIPO : SIPO website EPO : EPO ウェブサイト EPO : EPO website KIPO : KIPO ウェブサイト KIPO : KIPO website 2 JPO STATUS REPORT 26
12 第 部 Part 数字で見る知財動向 Trends of Intellectual Property with Facts and Figures 第 章特許 / Chapter Patents グローバル出願率の推移出訴状況 Changes in the Global Application Rate 8 日本の出願人のグローバル出願率 は28 年以降増加 The global application rate * of Japanese applicants has been しており 年は32% であった increasing since 28, and it recorded 32% in. 図表 6: グローバル出願率の推移 (29-) Chart 6 : Changes in the Global Application Rate (29-) % 米国 / US 欧州 / Europe 日本 / Japan 各国特許庁になされる各年の特許出願のうち 外国にも特許出願される件数の比率 日本の出願人のグローバル出願率は 特許庁データを利用して作成 米国籍 欧州国籍出願人のグローバル出願率は WPI (World Patents Index) データを利用して作成しており データ取得時に公開された案件を対象としている * The global application rate indicates the ratio of the number of patent applications filed with foreign IP Offices as well as with the national IP Office to the total number of applications filed with the national IP Office. The global application rate of Japanese applicants was calculated based on the JPO database, while those of applicants from US and European countries were calculated based on the WPI (World Patents Index) database, reflecting what was published at the time of obtaining the data mentioned above. JPO STATUS REPORT 26 2
商 出 標 訴 登 状 録 況 件 数 の 推 移 Changes in the Number of Trademark Registrations 2 商 標 登 録 件 数 は 近 年 は9 万 件 から 万 件 前 後 で 推 移 し The number of trademark regis
第 4 章 商 標 Chapter 4 Trademarks 商 標 登 録 出 願 登 録 の 現 状 Current Status of Trademark Applications and Registrations 商 出 標 訴 登 状 録 況 出 願 件 数 の 推 移 Changes in the Number of Trademark Applications 商 標 登 録 出 願
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