4. The bulldozers( ブルドーザー )graded the land to start the building construction. a. tank b. truck c. tractor d. shovel 5. The project site( 用地 )for the

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1 Main Topic 11: Housing/Corporate Policy Lesson 62: Construction (20-25 minutes) Today, you will: 1. Learn useful vocabulary related to CONSTRUCTION. 2. Review Present Perfect Progressive form of Verbs. I. VOCABULARY Exercise 1: What s the meaning? (5-6 minutes) Choose the meaning of the underlined words from the choices that follow. Then practice using the words in your own sentences. 1. The new government building has concrete( コンクリートの )walls. a. made of mixed cement, sand, and broken rocks b. made of wood and timber c. made of iron and steel frame d. made of marble and plaster 2. Houses accentuated by bricks( レンガ )are in demand in the real estate industry. a. block made of wood b. block made of clay c. block made of metal d. block made of brass 3. He instructed the welder( 溶接工 )to fuse the broken steel table. a. a person who mixes chemical b. a person who joins metal pieces c. a person who fuses wooden pieces d. a person who repairs machinery 1

2 4. The bulldozers( ブルドーザー )graded the land to start the building construction. a. tank b. truck c. tractor d. shovel 5. The project site( 用地 )for the new building is situated in the Southern part of the region. a. map b. view c. road d. location Exercise 2: What s the word? (5-7 minutes) Read the following dialog with your tutor and try to use context clues to fill in the blanks with the most appropriate word. You can find the missing word from the pool of words at the bottom. Mr. Jacobs is inquiring to the Building Officer about applying for a building permit. Mr. Jacobs: Good morning, I would like to know the (1) of requirements when applying for a building permit. Officer: What kind of building permit are you applying for, sir? Mr. Jacobs: I m applying for a commercial building permit. Officer: I see. You need to submit 3 copies of construction plans with detailed information. Please submit a letter of request (2) to the Building Division s Office to get the complete details of the requirements on the construction plan. Mr. Jacobs: I see. Do I need to submit an electrical permit as well? Officer: Application for electrical permit would (3) the building permit application. Therefore, you also need to submit an electrical plan. You may (4) this form to start your application. Mr. Jacobs: Thank you. Officer: You need to submit that along with the plans and pay the corresponding fees. 2

3 Mr. Jacobs: I see. Thank you very much for accommodating my (5). Officer: You re welcome, sir. Have a good day! Choices: a. accompany( 添える ) b. addressed( 取り組み中の ) c. queries( 疑問 ) d. fill-out( 記入する ) e. application( 申請書 ) f. list( リスト ) II. GRAMMAR REVIEW: Topic: Present Perfect Progressive (5-6 minutes) ( 現在完了進行形 ) Present Perfect Progressive tense describes an action that was made in the past, continues in the present and possibly in the future. This tense is indicated by the expressions has/have been plus the present participle of the verb in (-ing) form. ( 現在完了進行形は過去に始まり現在も続き今後も続く可能性がある出来事を表わしますこの時制は has been または have been + 動詞の現在分詞 (-ing) 形で表されます ) These are the common uses of the present perfect progressive: ( 現在完了進行形の一般的な使い方は次のとおりです ) 1. Putting emphasis on the duration or course of an action (not the result) ( 結果ではなく動作の持続時間や一連の動作を強調します ) Example: The engineers have been working on the plan for two months now. ( 例 : その技師は現在までに 2 カ月その計画に取り組んでいます ) 2. Expressing action that was recently completed and has an observable effect on the present or is still going on. ( 最近完了した行動でその影響が現在もなお続いている行動を表現します ) Example: I have been exercising, so I'm really tired. ( 例 : 運動をしていたのでとても疲れています ) Example: Improvements in the rural construction has been going on since ( 例 :2001 年から地方の建造物の改良が行われています ) 3. Expressing finished action that influenced the present. ( すでに完了し現在に影響を与える行動を表現します ) 3

4 Remember: Example: They have been constructing the building all afternoon. ( 例 : 彼らは午後中ずっと建築に取り組んでいました ) Present participles are formed by ending the verb with ing (e.g. constructing). Has is a singular verb while have is a plural verb. ( 現在分詞は語尾が ing の動詞で形成されます ( 例 :constructing) Has は単数形の主語を受ける動詞で have は複数形の主語を受ける動詞です ) Examples: Subject ( 主語 ) The company ( その会社は ) The Board Members ( 役員会 ) Welders ( 溶接工 ) Auxiliary verb ( 補助動詞 ) has been have been have been Present participle ( 現在分詞 ) investing ( 投資する ) planning ( 計画する ) working ( 取り組む ) most in the construction industry. ( 大部分を建設業に ) on acquiring a new property. ( 新しい不動産を獲得することを ) on the steel bracing for hours. ( 鋼製ブレースに何時間も ) Comprehension Check: What have you been planning to do with your assets? ( あなたは自分の資産をどのように運用しようと計画していますか?) Exercise 1: Incomplete Sentences (5-6 minutes) Choose the word or phrase that would best complete the following sentences. 1. The Real Estate industry has been down since the recession. a. slow b. slowly c. slowed d. slowing 4

5 2. Government agencies building permits for all commercial buildings to ensure safety of tenants. a. have been requiring b. have been delaying c. have been rejecting d. have been suspending 3. Building Officials been giving chances to owners to apply for building permit. a. is b. are c. has d. have 4. The company has been on a concrete housing project for its sponsored organization. a. work b. works c. worked d. working 5. have been designing the corporate building for months. a. Engineer b. Architects c. Officials d. Welder 5

5. Her stress ( 緊張ストレス ) increases when she talks to the manager. a. tension b. annoyance c. pain d. anger Exercise 2: What s the word? (5-7 minutes)

5. Her stress ( 緊張ストレス ) increases when she talks to the manager. a. tension b. annoyance c. pain d. anger Exercise 2: What s the word? (5-7 minutes) Main Topic 2: Business Interactions Lesson 12: Talking with Your Boss (20-25 minutes) Today, you will: 1. Learn useful vocabulary related to TALKING WITH YOUR BOSS. 2. Review Subject and Verb Agreement