toukei4.dvi

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "toukei4.dvi"

せいごろうみしま
5 years ago
Views:

1 c ; maeda@ism.ac.jp

2 Dillman 1978 Total Design Method Mangione

3 ML ML ML MaiL ML03 ML00 1 ML03 2 ML03 2 ML03, ML00 40 KS11 ML03 2 B A B 2

4 ML00 1 ML00, ML03 ML03 KS11 KS11 1 KS11 2 ML00 ML00 ML KS11 K, M SB03 ML03, ML KS11 2 K M SB03 KS11 #o.oo 2004

5 ML03 KS ML03 KS11 ML (= 24/29) KS (= 12/14) 40.0 =12/ (= 2/14) KS ML03, ML , KS ML03, ML00 2 ML03 KS11 > 2 > 1> KS ML03 ML KS

6 n =, Wald

7 63 2. KS ML03 ML00 n = ML00 ML03 ML03 ML03 ML00 ML00 ML03 10 KS KS ML00

8 non-contact 1 2 KS11

9 KS ML ML ML ML KS11 1 3

10 KS ML , ML

11 67 4. ML ML

12 KS KS ML KS11 ML00 error-bar 3. 4 n = /

13 69 2 KS ML03 KS ML03 ML00 ML03 KS ML03 ML00 KS OM01 SB

14 A B 4.1 ML03 A B B AB 1 #4.11 3: A B 7 #4.5 A B 3: #4.11 #4.5 B A B #7.1 #2.1 2 B

15 71 6. #4.5 B A B A B B 6 2 B

16 #7.1 # A 1 2 #2.1 #9.14 B 4. KS11 ML03 4 K M

17 A D.K ML03 KS11 KS11 K M K M D.K n =1, K M M 1 KS11 M 5 KS11 ML03 SB KS11 SB03 SB03 ML03 SB03 KS11 ML a, 1995b 4.3 ML03 KS11 7 KS11 K M 5 KS11

18 #2.7 ML03 2, 3 KS11 K #5.23 M #5.6 K #2.12c ML03 K # KS11 ML03 SB03 1 2

19 75 7. ML03 KS11 Sudman and Bradburn 1974 Schwarz and Sudman 1996, Sudman et al. 1996

20 A D.K. Mangione ML00, ML03 D.K ML00 ML03 # KS , ML00 ML03 Mangione

21 A., D.K. A.1 D.K. D.K. ML03 9 ML00 D.K. ML03, ML00 +D.K. 3 2

22 D.K. 2 D.K. 100 A.2 3 Poststratification Thompson 2002 Gelman and Carlin , ML KS11 SB h h N h N = P N h W h = N h /N h ˆp h ˆp PST : ˆp PST = X h W h ˆp h. 2 1, 2 4 B. ML03 A B 2 AB Split-Ballot 1982 A B AB A B χ 2 /df Pearson χ 2 A B 2 1 #

23 79 1 ML ML KS #9.6 4: ML03 A B ML , KS NHK 1996, Schuman and Presser Dillman, D. A Mail and Telephone Surveys: The Total Design Method, John Wiley & Sons, New York. Gelman, A. and Carlin, J. B Poststratification and weighting adjustments, Survey Nonresponse eds. R. M. Groves, D. A. Dillman, J. L. Eltinge and R. J. A. Little, Wiley, New York

24 No No. 87 Mangione, T. W Mail Surveys: Improving the Quality, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks. T. W NHK a 1 ESTRELA b 2 ESTRELA No. 92 Schuman, H. and Presser, S Questions and Answers in Attitude Surveys, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks. Schwarz, N. and Sudman, S Answering Questions: Methodologies for Determining Cognitive and Communicative Processes in Survey Research, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco. Sudman, S. and Bradburn, N. M Response Effects in Surveys, National Opinion Research Center, Chicago. Sudman, S., Bradburn, N. M. and Schwarz, N Thinking about Answers, Jossey-Bass, San Fransisco Thompson, S. K Sampling, 2nd ed., Wiley, New York. 1982

25 Proceedings of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics Vol. 53, No. 1, (2005) 81 A Study on the Characteristics of Mail Survey: A Comparison with Face-to-face Interviewing Tadahiko Maeda The Institute of Statistical Mathematics This paper discusses the basic characteristics of mail surveys in comparison with those of a different survey mode: face-to-face interviewing. We conducted a mail survey, to compare it with the eleventh nationwide survey of the Japanese national character study, which was carried out by face-to-face interviewing in almost the same survey period. Additional information from a mail survey carried out three years before, and from another omnibus survey by face-to-face interviewing were also considered. First, we scrutinized the response rates of different demographic groups in each survey, and compared them. The most distincitve result was the lowest response rate in the younger male group. This tendency was more or less common in the two survey modes. Different response rates among groups resulted in a bias of the achieved sample from the population value with regard to some basic demographic variables. While the sex and age distribution of the sample achieved in mail surveys was more similar to the population distribution than that achieved in the face-to-face mode, educational background seemed to be more biased toward higher education in the mail surveys. Second, we discuss the difference between the results of the two survey modes with regard to two groups of survey items. In the first group, items in the questionnair have neutral or vague response options. Based on the results of some experimental items in the questionnaire, it is shown that, as a feature of self-administratoin mode, neutral response options of mail questionnaire attracts by far the larger portion of respondents, and that this difference from the face-to-face interviewing cannot be decreased by merely dealing with the wording of the question. In the second group, though items do not have neutral options, we still found remarkable differences between some of the items in the two survey modes. We could not find the reasons for these differences by contemplating the item content. Based on these results, we point out some characteristics of mail surveys. Key words: Japanese National Character Survey, mail survey, face-to-face interviewing, response rate, mode effect, demographic variables.

untitled

untitled 2010 58 1 39 59 c 2010 20 2009 11 30 2010 6 24 6 25 1 1953 12 2008 III 1. 5, 1961, 1970, 1975, 1982, 1992 12 2008 2008 226 0015 32 40 58 1 2010 III 2., 2009 3 #3.xx #3.1 #3.2 1 1953 2 1958 12 2008 1 2