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- えりか おとじま
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![TWh]](/docs-images/96/128476730/images/3-2.jpg "(data")
3 + 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% [% of TWh] (data source) IEA Electricity Information 2016
4 + IE DK Phase 4 ID BR CL IN ZA MX NZ AU CA AT NL SE BE IT UK GR DE ES PT Phase 3 Phase 2 Phase 1 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% 55% Share of VRE generation IEA: Getting wind and sun onto the grid A manual for Policy Makers (2017)
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8 + benefit n n n n profit n n
9 + n n n n n n n 1-(4) 4% 50 2-(1) 3-(2) 3-(3) 2-(2) 2-(3) 2-(4) n n 2-(5) 3-(4) 4
10 + n n n n n n n n n
11 + n n polluters-pay principle n n n n beneficiary-pay principle n n n n
12 + n n n n n n n n n n
13 + n n n n n n n n n
14 + Energy Exchange from/to GB [TWh] Interconnector Usage Consumption 西暦 [ 年 ] Year VRE Generation
15 + TBCF [%] TBCF [%] DKW > NO DKW > SE DKW > DE DKE > SE DKE > DE FR > DE FR > GB FR > IT FR > ES NO > NL NL > GB
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17 European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity + n n n n n n 10-Year Network Development Plan 2012
18 9.2% 8.9% 23.6% 59.2% エネルギーロードマップ 2050 に向け進展 13.4% 25.1% 4.0% 7.6% 15.7% 9.1% 8.4% 25.0% 58.6% 15.4% 26.1% 3.5% 7.4% 14.8% 欧州の弱い結束 ENTSO- E: Ten Year Network Development Plan 2016 (2016) (:, R&D (2016) 5.3% 14.3% 14.6% 49.4% 15.4% 17.5% 7.8% 30.3% 16.0% 20.3% 6.5% 17.1% 7.0% 6.2% 47.1% 16.8% 16.5% ヴィジョン3: 各国グリーンシナリオヴィジョン 4: 欧州グリーンシナリオ ヴィジョン 1: 発展遅延シナリオ ヴィジョン 2: 発展抑制シナリオ エネルギーロードマップ 2050 から遅延 4.8% 17.9% 30.1% 7.4% 22.8% 欧州の強い枠組
19 + n n n n European Commission: Projects of Common Interest Interactive Map
20 + n n n n ENTSO-E: Ten Year Network Development Plan 2016 (2016)
21 /MWh/GW RE (source) J. Cludius et al: The Merit Order Effect of Wind and Photovoltaic Electricity Generation in Germany , Centre for Energy and Environmental Market (2013)
![+ 140 Brent Spot [USD/Barrel], EPEX Spot [EUR/MWh]](/docs-images/96/128476730/images/22-1.jpg "120 100 80 60 40 20 0 2000 Brent EPEX 2005 2010 2015")
22 + 140 Brent Spot [USD/Barrel], EPEX Spot [EUR/MWh] Brent EPEX U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA): Petroleum & other liquid European Power Exchange (EPEX): KWK Price
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24 + C1 10 Light green 310 Green 3 Dark green B1 LOLE MWh ENS MWh Light green 3TWh 0.001% Green 3TWh 0.01% Dark green B2 EU 3 Light green 3 10 Green 10 Dark green B3 MW EU 100MW MW EU 50GWh White 100MW500MW 50GWh100GWh Light green 500MW 300GWh Dark green B4 MWh EU Red Whit Light green B5 CO2 CO2 tons EU CO 2 Whit CO Light green CO Dark green B6 Resilience KPIKey Performance Index 0, +,++ KPI0 (Whit) KPI3+ Green) KPI3+ Dark green) B7 Flexibility KPIKey Performance Index 0, +,++ KPI0 (Whit) KPI3+ Green) KPI3+ Dark green)
![+ General CBA Indicators Delta GTC contribution (2020) [MW] DE-NO: 1400 NO-DE: 1400 Delta GTC contribution (2030) [MW] DE-NO: 1400 Capex Costs 2015 (M ) Source: Project Promoter Cost explanation S1](/docs-images/96/128476730/images/25-0.jpg "S2 B6 + NO-DE: 1400 1850 B7 ++ 50-100km Negligible or less than 15km Scenario specific CBA indicators EP2020 Vision 1 Vision 2 Vision 3 Vision 4 B1 SoS (MWh/yr) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A B2 SEW (MEuros/yr)")
25 + General CBA Indicators Delta GTC contribution (2020) [MW] DE-NO: 1400 NO-DE: 1400 Delta GTC contribution (2030) [MW] DE-NO: 1400 Capex Costs 2015 (M ) Source: Project Promoter Cost explanation S1 S2 B6 + NO-DE: B km Negligible or less than 15km Scenario specific CBA indicators EP2020 Vision 1 Vision 2 Vision 3 Vision 4 B1 SoS (MWh/yr) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A B2 SEW (MEuros/yr) 110 ± ± ± ±10 70 ±10 B3 RES integration (GWh/yr) 100 ± ±170 < ± ±70 B4 Losses (GWh/yr) 350 ± ± ± ± ±35 B4 Losses (Meuros/yr) 15 ±1 19 ±2 16 ±2 21 ±2 23 ±3 B5 CO2 Emissions (kt/year) -400 ±80 ± ± ± ±800 ENTSO-E: TYNDP2016 combined project sheets (2015)
![+ General CBA Indicators Delta GTC contribution (2020) [MW] ter: 5750 Delta GTC contribution (2030) [MW] ter: 5750 Capex Costs 2015 (M ) Source: Project Promoter Cost explanation S1 S2 B6 + B7 + ter:](/docs-images/96/128476730/images/26-0.jpg "5750 ter: 5750 7000 ±1000 More than 100km Negligible or less than 15km Scenario specific CBA indicators EP2020 Vision 1 Vision 2 Vision 3 Vision 4 B1 SoS (MWh/yr) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A B2 SEW")
26 + General CBA Indicators Delta GTC contribution (2020) [MW] ter: 5750 Delta GTC contribution (2030) [MW] ter: 5750 Capex Costs 2015 (M ) Source: Project Promoter Cost explanation S1 S2 B6 + B7 + ter: 5750 ter: ±1000 More than 100km Negligible or less than 15km Scenario specific CBA indicators EP2020 Vision 1 Vision 2 Vision 3 Vision 4 B1 SoS (MWh/yr) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A B2 SEW (MEuros/yr) 670 ± ± ± ± ±90 B3 RES integration (GWh/yr) ± ± ± ± ±70 B4 Losses (GWh/yr) 550 ± ± ± ± ±182 B4 Losses (Meuros/yr) 23 ±3 50 ±5 46 ±5 77 ±8 122 ±13 B5 CO2 Emissions (kt/year) ± ± ± ± ±1300 ENTSO-E: TYNDP2016 combined project sheets (2015)
27 + ENTSO-E: Ten Year Network Development Plan 2016 (2016)
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Asia International Grid Connection SG - Interim Report
Asia International Grid Connection SG - Interim Report The State of the Interconnectors in Europe Since 1910s 1915 Denmark-Sweden Interconnection 1920 Interconnection between France, Switzerland and Italia.
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実践編 まず Search term(s) に EP と入力し Search ボタンをクリックすると以下のような 画面が表示される この About this file の画面では欧州特許の権利状況や書誌事項についての情報を得ることができる が 最初に確認すべき項目は Status の
6.6.1.5 欧州における特許を対象にした権利状況調査 Q 気になる欧州特許が見つかった 技術的に近いので 特許侵害 を懸念している まずやっておくべきことは何か? 1) 調査ツールの選択欧州における特許は 欧州特許庁 ( 以下 EPO) が提供する Espacenet 世界知的所有権機関 ( 以下 WIPO) が提供する PatentScope やドイツ特許商標庁 ( 以下 DPMA) が提供する
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