36 th IChO : - 3 ( ) , G O O D L U C K final 1

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2 36 th ICh : - 3 ( ) , G D L U C K final 1

3 e Li Be B C N F Ne Na Mg Periodic table of elements with atomic masses / u 13 Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe Cs Ba f Ta W Re s Ir Pt Au g Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn Fr Ra Rf Db Sg Bh s Mt La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy o Er Tm Yb Lu Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr 262

4 f p n µ m k M G T R = J K -1 mol -1 F = C mol -1 : p = Pa : T = 25 C = K N A = mol -1 c = m s -1 h = J s G = - T S G 0 = - RT lnk G = - nef G = G 0 + RT lnq Q = (T 1 ) = 0 + (T K) C p (C p = ) k = A e E a R T pv = nrt E = E 0 + nλ = 2d sinθ RT c ln nf c P - A = log 0 = ε c d P ox red p = A F F = ma = πr 2 h = 4πr 2 4 = πr J = 1 N m 1 N = 1 kg m s -2 1 Pa = 1 N m -2 1 W = 1 J s -1 1 C = 1 A s Final 3

5 1: (24 ) g L m 5.00 m 1.50 m( ) 8.00 C ( ) 10.0 C ρ = 1.00 kg L -1 Final 4

6 ( ) 1: f 0 ( kj mol -1 ) -1 S 0 (J mol -1 K -1 ) -1 C p0 (J mol -1 K -1 ) -1 C 2 (g) N 2 (g) C 4 (g) C 2 6 (g) (l) (g) (g) : J = E (A t) -1 = λ wall T d -1 J A t z E d λ wall T Final 5

7 2: (23 ) λ- λ λ λ w: λ-window λ- y: conversion efficiency (%) z: ydrocarbons λ- K p θ = 1 + K p θ K = 0.85 kpa -1 θ r ( ) r = k θ Final 6

8 y 1000 x : p (Pa) -1 y : p V a -1 (Pa cm -3 ) -1 V a x θ ads. C (ads.) (ads.) k 1 k -1 C 2 (ads.) k C 2 (ads.) 2 C 2 (g) Final 7

9 θ(i) = K i pi 1 + K p j j j j: Final 8

10 (21 ) CaCl 2 CaCl (a) (b) (c) 3.1 CaCl 2 Ca 3.2 CaCl % % 3.3 CaCl 2 Ca Cl n(ca):n(cl) = 1.5 : 1 Mg 2 C a) b) CaCl CaCl CaCl MX r(m m+ ) r(x x- ) Final 9

11 M X r M/ /r X CaCl L BN kj mol ZnS kj mol NaCl kj mol CsCl kj mol -1 L 0 (CaCl) Ca + (g) + Cl - (g) CaCl(s) 3.5a) CaCl [r(ca + ) 120 pm ( ), r(cl - ) 167 pm)] CaCl CaCl L 0 CaCl f 0 3.5b) f 0 (CaCl) fusion 0 (Ca) 9.3 kj mol IE (Ca) Ca Ca kj mol IE (Ca) Ca + Ca kj mol -1 vap 0 (Ca) kj mol -1 diss (Cl 2 ) Cl 2 2 Cl kj mol -1 f 0 (CaCl 2 ) kj mol -1 EA (Cl) Cl + e - Cl kj mol -1 CaCl Ca CaCl 2 S 3.6 CaCl Final 10

12 X g X g Y +4 Y m(ag) : m(y) = : 1 Y Ag 2 S 2 S 10.0 g 400 K 100 kpa L 4.2 ~ ν ~ 1 k ν = 2πc µ ~ ν cm -1 c k (N m -1 = kg s -2 ) 3m( A) m( B) µ AB 4 µ = 3m( A) + 4m( B) m(a), m(b) (kg) C cm -1 Z cm -1 C kj mol -1 Z Z kj mol -1 Final 11

13 (18 ) ATP 4 N 2 N N N N - P P P ATP ATP ADP c(atp 4- ) = 2.25 mmol L -1 c(adp 3- ) = 0.25 mmol L -1 c(p 2-4 ) = 1.65 mmol L -1 ATP ATP ADP 3- + P G = kj mol -1 (1) p G G G p p=7 G K + 1 mol L C, p = 7 G anabolic G + P G = kj mol -1 (2) final 12

14 ATP 6- + ATP ADP (3) 5.3 G K 8000 kj 5.4 a) b) c) ATP- ATP ADP 5.5 a) p=7 1 µm b) final 13

15 6: Diels-Alder (20 ) [4+2] C C + [ A ] C B 6.1 C + CN CN C CN CN = CN CN CN CN E D1 D2 6.2 D1 D2 B B B : C CN CN C final 14

16 B ( : 157 C) E ( : 153 C) F ( : 163 C) B 25 G( : 184 C) B E + F 10% 20% 70% B G 60% 40% 6.4 : ( ) E F G Me + Me C 2 Me C 2 Me strong base I strong base K Me L C C Me - C 2 - Me C 2 Me 6.5 I, K, L : K L K final 15

17 Pseudoephedrine Methcathinone final 16

18 LiAl a) 7.5 b) 7.5 c) final 17

19 ( T = K ) A g L -1 CaCl 2 B g L -1 Na 2 C 3 pk a1 ( 2 C 3 ) = 6.37 pk a2 (C - 3 ) = ml A 100 ml B C C p 10 K sp (Ca() 2 ) = mol 3 L -3 K sp (CaC 3 ) = mol 2 L -2 sp 8.2 A 100 ml 2 g C C 68 C C C 8 A+B final 18

20 ml Na (c(na) = 0.19 mol L -1 ) 200 ml p nm M = g mol -1 Z 800 (pk a (C, ) = 4.88 ) Calcite 2.71 g cm -3 Vaterite 2.54 g cm -3 Aragonite 2.95 g cm -3 final 19

21 11 Name: Student code: : (2) a) : b) : : (4) ( ) : 0 = S 0 = G 0 = ( ) : 0 = S 0 = G 0 = 1.2 a) : (7) n(c 4 ) = n(c 2 6 ) = final 1

22 12 Name: Student code: b) : (2) E comb. ( 2 (g)) = deviation = 1.3 : (4) : E water = MJ E air = MJ 1.4 : (2) 1.4 final 2

23 13 Name: Student code: E loss = MJ 1.5 : ( ) (3) ( ) total energy E tot = MJ volume of gas V = ( ) total cost of gas heating = ( ) total cost of electric heating = final 3

24 21 Name: Student code: : (3) C + 2 N + C C λ > 1 λ < (3) 2.3 a) : (1) θ = 2.3 b) : (2) 2.3 c) : (3) p = final 4

25 22 Name: Student code: d ) : (4) V a,max = K V a,max = 2.4 : (7) r = final 5

26 Name: 31 Student code: : (3) (a) (b) (c) 3.2 : : (2) 3. 3 : (4) : 3.4 a) (2) final 6

27 Name: 32 Student code: b) : (2) 3.5 a) : (1) 3.5 b) f 0 (CaCl): (5) f 0 (CaCl) = 3.6 : (2) yes no final 7

28 Name: 41 Student code: : (8) final 8

29 42 Name: Student code: : (9) final 9

30 43 Name: Student code: : (1) k(c-) = : (1) k(z-) = : (2) final 10

31 51 Name: Student code: G (2) G = 5.2 : c( 6- ) K = = c( ) final 11

32 52 Name: Student code: G K : (4) c( 6- ) G = K = = = c( 5.4 a) : (2) m day-1 = 5.4 b) : (1) m body = final 12

33 Name: 53 Student code: c) (2) - C= ATP 5.5 a) p=7 1 µm (2) 5.5 b) (2) n = n( mit ) = final 13

34 61 Name: Student code: : (2) [ A ] : 6.2 D1, D2 : (2) D1: D2: 6.3 B (4) final 14

35 Name: 62 Student code: : (6) B B E E F G B G F 6.5 I, K, L : (6) I K L final 15

36 71 Name: Student code: < > A < B A B : (3) SC 3 P(C 3 ) 2 C 3 CCl 3 C 2 Br 7.2 R S? (4) ( : 0.5 ) sawhorse 1 : (1) (2) final 16

37 Name: 72 Student code: : (4) a) (2) ( ): 7.5b) : (2) c) : (3) final 17

38 81 Name: Student code: p: (3) p = 8.2 (6) final 18

39 Name: 82 Student code: 82 Ca() 2 CaC 3 yes yes no no 8.3 CaC 3 : (1) C C C 68 C C 8 final 19

40 83 Name: Student code: (7) final 20

41 84 Name: Student code: : (5) Calcite Vaterite Aragonite final 21

1 1 H Li Be Na M g B A l C S i N P O S F He N Cl A e K Ca S c T i V C Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se B K Rb S Y Z Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb T e

No. 1 1 1 H Li Be Na M g B A l C S i N P O S F He N Cl A e K Ca S c T i V C Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se B K Rb S Y Z Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb T e I X e Cs Ba F Ra Hf Ta W Re Os I Rf Db Sg Bh