Title Author(s) 自閉症概念の変遷と事例からの検討 : みるものとみられるものとの関係という視点永浜, 明子 Citation 待兼山論叢. 哲学篇. 50 P.95-P.122 Issue Date Text Version publisher URL htt

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Title Author(s) 自閉症概念の変遷と事例からの検討 : みるものとみられるものとの関係という視点永浜, 明子 Citation 待兼山論叢. 哲学篇. 50 P.95-P.122 Issue Date Text Version publisher URL htt"

こうきみおか
4 years ago
Views:

1 Title Author(s) 自閉症概念の変遷と事例からの検討 : みるものとみられるものとの関係という視点永浜, 明子 Citation 待兼山論叢. 哲学篇. 50 P.95-P.122 Issue Date Text Version publisher URL DOI rights Osaka University Knowledge Archive : OUKA Osaka University

2 95 はじめに

3 96 1. 自閉症概念の出現 , 1943, 1976, p.88 autism 1944 schizophrenie, 1949, 2001, P.66, P.65, p

4 autistische Psychopathen in Kindesalter, 1944, 1993, 1911, 1974, p.73 Autismus praktischpädagogisch Asperger, 1944, p.78, 1993, p.181, 1944, 1993, p , 1938, 2014, p

5 98 10, p.56, p , 2000, 2008

6 99 2. 言語認知障害説へ 2-1. マイケルラター 1974, 1976 IQ IQ 1978, , 1984, p.187

7 ローナウイング, 1990, 1997, p autistic continuum, pp.20-21, p ,

8 101, 1996, 1998, p , 日本における自閉症概念の変遷 3-1. 日本初の自閉症の報告

9 102 Kanner, 2001, p 牧田 - 平井論争 1943, , 1968, p.v 1965, Asperger Variante Psychopathie

11 小澤勲みるものとみられるもの , 1974, p , p.107 developmental cognitory disorder, pp

12 105, 1984, p.9, 1984, p.187, 1974, p.183, p , 1974, p.4, 1974, p.168

13 106, p.193, p , 1984,, p.91, p.133

14 107, p , p , p.427, p.484, p.492, p.539

15 108 34, p A B A 2 A B, p.95 B, p , p.107, p.578

16 109, 2011, p , , p , p.82

17 110, p 神経生理学および脳科学へ 4-1. 神経生理学 , 1983, p.151 7, 1966, p.102

18 111, 1983, p.153 3, 1978, pp , 1983, p.159, p 脳科学 ADHD LD, 2014, p.128 PCB 2

19 自我形成論および関係発達論人間の原点に近い存在としての自閉症 2013, 2013, p

20 自我形成論 , 1992, p , p 関係発達臨床

21 114, 2005, p.i 3 6. 事例からの検討 A A

22 115 A 70 A A A A A A A A 1 A A 1 10

23 116 A A A 3 A A A 1 A A 2 2 A 2 A 3 A A A

24 117 A A A 2 A A A A A A A A A A A A A

25 118 おわりに A A A A A A A A A A A A 2 A A A 1 A 1

26 119 Asperger, Hans. Das Psychisch Abnorme Kind, in: Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift, 51, 1938, SS , 2014, Asperger, Hans. Die Autistischen Psychopathen in Kindesalter, in : Archiv für Psychiatrie und Nervenkrankheiten, 117, 1944, , 1993, , 1993, p.97 Asperger, Hans. Heilpädagogik, Springer, 1965., 1973 Bleuler, Eugen. Dementia Praecox oder Gruppe der Schizophrenien, Psychosozial Verlag, 1911., 1974., 1992., Asperger 22 4, 1981, , , 1971, , Kanner, Leo. Autistic Disturbances of Affective Contact, in: Nervous Child, 2, 1943, , 1967, , 1967, Kanner, Leo. Early infantile autism, in: Journal of Pediatrics, 25, 1944, , 2001, Kanner, Leo. Problems of nosology and psychodynamics of early infantile autism, in: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 19 3, 1949, , 2001, , 2011,

27 , 1971, Klin, Ami, Fred R. Volkmar, & Sara S. Sparrow Asperger Syndrome, Guilford Press, 2000., 2008,, 2005., 2014., , 1981, , 1983., , 1966, , 1978, , , 1968, , 1969, , 1972, , 1974., 1984., 1988, 3-30., Rutter, Michael. Speech disorders in a series of autistic children, in: Alfred White Franklin(Ed), Children with communication problems: proceedings of a conference called by ICAA(the Invalid Children s Aid Association), 7 April 1964 and held in the Medical College of St Bartholomew s Hospital, London EC1, Pitman Medical Publishing, Rutter, Michael. The development of infantile autism, in: Psychological Medicine, 4 2, 1974, , 35,1976, , 1976, Rutter, Michael. Language Disorder and Infantile Autism, in: Michael Rutter & Eric Schopler, Autism: A Reappraisal of Concepts and Treatment, 1978., 2006

28 , 1972, , 2001, , , 1952, 566. Wing, Lorna. Autistic Children : A Guide for Parents, Constable, 1971, 1975 Wing, Lorna. Social, Behavioral, and Cognitive Characteristics: An Epidemiological Approach, in: Michael Rutter & Eric Schopler, Autism: A Reappraisal of Concepts and Treatment, Springer, 1978, 2006, pp Wing, Lorna. The relationship between Asperger s syndrome and Kanner s autism, in: Uta Frith (Ed), Autism and Asperger Syndrome, Cambridge University Press, 1991., 1996, Wing, Lorna. Treatment of Autistic Children in the United Kingdom and the Role of the National Society, 22 5, 1981, , 1981, Wing, Lorna. What is autism?, in: Kathryn Ellis (Ed), Autism: Professional Perspectives and Practice, Chapman and Hall, 1990., 1997, Wing, Lorna. The Autistic Spectrum: A Guide for Parents and Professionals, Constable, (, 1998

29 122 SUMMARY The Transformation of the Concept of the Autism and an Examination from a Case Study: The Standpoints of the Seeing and the Seen Akiko Nagahama This paper surveys the existing concept of autism, and raises issues about the way the concept of autism has been conceived from the standpoints of the so-called specialists, such as medical professionals, researchers, and clinicians. By conducting an intensive case study of a youth who had be placed on autistic spectrum disorder, this paper examines the concept of autism from the perspective of the relationship between the seeing (i.e. specialists) and the seen (i.e. clients and patients) and so to speak, inter-personal perspective. The concept of autism started in two case studies: Hans Asperger s 1938 study on a psychopathic personality variant and Leo Kanner s 1944 study on the earliest appearance of children schizophrenia. In 1965, Michael Rutter, and separately in Japan, Isao Ozawa developed the concept on language and cognitive disorder as the primary stage of autism. Today, biological studies of organic brain disorders have been carried out in many projects. On the other hand, the studies on the nature of autism have been raised from the perspective of the theory of relational development and ego formation. The youth that was the subject of the case study in this paper, was diagnosed as autism, however, by being in a relationship with people, the subject s autistic characteristics were dramatically altered, and some of the subject s autistic symptoms became less pronounced. The symptoms of autism vary with each person whom the subject meets and to whom they feel attached. The relationship between the specialist and client is most important, if the aim is to lessen the effects of the autistic spectrum disorder. In addition, by building relationships with other people than the specialist, the way the autism affects the client can also be lessened. This paper concludes by stipulating that autism only exists within the relationship between the seeing and the seen, in short, in a human relationship.

172

172 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 social 180 SOCIAL INTERACTION 181 182 183 184 Archiv fur Psychiatrie und Nervenkrankheiten The Empty Fortress: Infantile Autism and the Birth of the self 185 Journal

Title Author(s) 自閉症概念の変遷と事例からの検討 : みるものとみられるものとの関係という視点 永浜, 明子 Citation 待兼山論叢. 哲学篇. 50 P.95-P.122 Issue Date Text Version publisher URL htt

Title Author(s) 自閉症概念の変遷と事例からの検討 : みるものとみられるものとの関係という視点永浜, 明子 Citation 待兼山論叢. 哲学篇. 50 P.95-P.122 Issue Date Text Version publisher URL htt