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1 卒業研究報告題目 QoS の検証に向けたネットワークシミュレータ NS-2 の機能拡張指導教員植田和憲講師報告者学籍番号氏名石本一生平成 18 年 3 月 20 日高知工科大学電子光システム工学科

2 Quality of Service QoS QoS RSVP Different Service: DiffServ RSVP DiffServ NS NS NS RSVP a 20 b NS

3 IP QoS Quality of Service ( QoS) QoS QoS QoS QoS RSVP DiffServ QoS RSVP DiffServ RSVP DiffServ RSVP DiffServ 2

4 TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP SSH SSH World Wide Web TCP/IP 3

5 TCP Quality of Service QoS QoS QoS QoS QoS QoS RSVP DiffServ NS TCP/IP QoS QoS QoS QoS QoS 4

6 RSVP RSVP DiffServ QoS QoS NS-2 NS QoS RSVP DiffServ NS-2 NS-2 RSVP NS-2 NS-2 RSVP Marc Griez NS-2 NS : 6 1Mbps 0.5Mb 3 2 RSVP DiffServ QoS QoS RSVP DiffServ QoS 5

7 2 Quality of Service 2.1 QoS QoS IP TCP/IP TCP UDP UDP UDP QoS 6

8 UDP UDP Quality of Service( QoS) QoS QoS IP TOS(Type of Service) TOS IP 4 IP 6 TOS Traffic Class [2] QoS TOS QoS QoS 2.2 QoS RSVP DiffServ QoS RSVP DiffServ RSVP DiffServ QoS RSVP DiffServ RSVP RSVP RSVP QoS QoS RSVP 7

9 RSVP RSVP RSVP RSVP PATH PATH QoS [1] PATH QoS PATH PATH PATH PATH PATH PATH PATH OPWA one path with advertisement ADSPEC PATH PATH Resv QoS Resv PATH QoS PATH QoS Resv Resv PATH PATH Resv 8

10 RSVP Different Service: DiffServ RSVP QoS DiffServ [1] DiffServ DiffServ DiffServ RSVP RSVP DiffServ DiffServ QoS IP DS DS DiffServ PHB per hop behavior PHB DS PHB DS DS DiffServ RSVP RSVP DiffServ DiffServ RSVP DiffServ 9

11 1.1 RSVP DiffServ 2.1: RSVP DiffServ 10

12 3 NS NS NS-2 QoS NS-2 NS-2 TCP UDP QoS NS [ ] [Byte] 11

13 3.1: NS-2 nam nam NS UDP nam : nam 1 12

3.3: nam 2 3.3 NS-2 3.3.1 RSVP NS-2 QoS QoS

14 3.3: nam NS RSVP NS-2 QoS QoS NS-2 RSVP NS-2 Marc Greis NS-2 RSVP NS-2 13

4 4.1 4.1 RSVP DiffServ 4.1: 4.1 3 4 5M[bps] 10M[bps] 0 1 5 UDP 3 4 5M[bps] QoS 2 2.

15 RSVP DiffServ 4.1: M[bps] 10M[bps] UDP 3 4 5M[bps] QoS 2 2.5M[bps] RSVP DiffServ QoS : RSVP DiffServ 0 0.5Mbps 3Mbps 1 2Mbps RSVP DiffServ RSVP 0.5M[bps] 14

16 0.5M[bps] 1M[bps] 4.2 RSVP DiffServ 4.2 RSVP DiffServ DiffServ RSVP RSVP DiffServ 4.2: RSVP DiffServ 15

17 5 RSVP PATH Resv 4.2 RSVP PATH Resv RSVP PATH Recv DiffServ RSVP DiffServ DiffServ RSVP DiffServ RSVP DiffServ RSVP NS-2 RSVP 16

18 6 RSVP DiffServ RSVP NS-2 RSVP RSVP 17

19 18

20 [1], QoS,, 2001, 287p. [2] Srinivas Vegesna, IP QoS,, 2002, 343p. [3] NS2,, ( onoder/onoder/nstutorial.html) [4] NS by Example,, ( [5] Marc Greis Tutorial for the UCB/LBNL/VINT Network Simulator ns,, (

21 a DiffServ NS-2 ns-2.29/tcl/ex/diffserv/ds-cbr-srtcm.tcl # # cbr-tb.tcl # Author: Jeremy Ethridge. # Dates: June 29-July 5, # Notes: A DS-RED script that uses CBR traffic agents and the Token Bucket policer. # # ---- # s # Mb \ # 5 ms \ # \ # e core e dest # / Mb Mb Mb # / 5 ms 5 ms 5 ms # ---- / # s # Mb # 5 ms # # set ns [new Simulator] $ns color 0 red $ns color 1 blue $ns color 2 green set f0 [open ds_2mb w] set f1 [open ds_3mb w] set nf [open ds2out.nam w] 20

22 $ns namtrace-all $nf set cir set cbs set rate set cir set cbs set rate set testtime 85.0 set packetsize 1000 # Set up the network topology shown at the top of this file: set s1 [$ns node] set s2 [$ns node] set e1 [$ns node] set core [$ns node] set e2 [$ns node] set dest [$ns node] $ns duplex-link $s1 $e1 10Mb 5ms DropTail $ns duplex-link $s2 $e1 10Mb 5ms DropTail $ns simplex-link $e1 $core 10Mb 5ms dsred/edge $ns simplex-link $core $e1 10Mb 5ms dsred/core $ns simplex-link $core $e2 5Mb 5ms dsred/core $ns simplex-link $e2 $core 5Mb 5ms dsred/edge $ns duplex-link $e2 $dest 10Mb 5ms DropTail $ns duplex-link-op $s1 $e1 orient down-right $ns duplex-link-op $s2 $e1 orient up-right $ns duplex-link-op $e1 $core orient right $ns duplex-link-op $core $e2 orient right $ns duplex-link-op $e2 $dest orient right set qe1c [[$ns link $e1 $core] queue] 21

23 set qe2c [[$ns link $e2 $core] queue] set qce1 [[$ns link $core $e1] queue] set qce2 [[$ns link $core $e2] queue] # Set DS RED parameters from Edge1 to Core: $qe1c meanpktsize $packetsize $qe1c set numqueues_ 1 $qe1c setnumprec 2 $qe1c addpolicyentry [$s1 id] [$dest id] TokenBucket 10 $cir0 $cbs0 $qe1c addpolicyentry [$s2 id] [$dest id] TokenBucket 10 $cir1 $cbs1 $qe1c addpolicerentry TokenBucket $qe1c addphbentry $qe1c addphbentry $qe1c configq $qe1c configq $qe2c meanpktsize $packetsize $qe2c set numqueues_ 1 $qe2c setnumprec 2 $qe2c addpolicyentry [$dest id] [$s1 id] TokenBucket 10 $cir0 $cbs0 $qe2c addpolicyentry [$dest id] [$s2 id] TokenBucket 10 $cir1 $cbs1 $qe2c addpolicerentry TokenBucket $qe2c addphbentry $qe2c addphbentry $qe2c configq $qe2c configq # Set DS RED parameters from Core to Edge1: $qce1 meanpktsize $packetsize $qce1 set numqueues_ 1 $qce1 setnumprec 2 $qce1 addphbentry $qce1 addphbentry $qce1 configq $qce1 configq # Set DS RED parameters from Core to Edge2: $qce2 meanpktsize $packetsize $qce2 set numqueues_ 1 $qce2 setnumprec 2 $qce2 addphbentry

24 $qce2 addphbentry $qce2 configq $qce2 configq # Set up one CBR connection between each source and the destination: set udp0 [new Agent/UDP] $ns attach-agent $s1 $udp0 $udp0 set packetsize_ $packetsize $udp0 set class_ 0 set cbr0 [new Application/Traffic/CBR] $cbr0 attach-agent $udp0 $cbr0 set packet_size_ $packetsize $cbr0 set rate_ $rate0 set udp1 [new Agent/UDP] $ns attach-agent $s2 $udp1 $udp1 set packetsize_ $packetsize $udp1 set class_ 1 set cbr1 [new Application/Traffic/CBR] $cbr1 attach-agent $udp1 $cbr1 set packet_size_ $packetsize $cbr1 set rate_ $rate1 # issei written: Create three traffic sinks set sink0 [new Agent/LossMonitor] set sink1 [new Agent/LossMonitor] $ns attach-agent $dest $sink0 $ns attach-agent $dest $sink1 $ns connect $udp0 $sink0 $ns connect $udp1 $sink1 proc record {} { global sink0 sink1 global ns f0 f1 f2 counter set time 0.5 set bw0 [$sink0 set bytes_] set bw1 [$sink1 set bytes_] set now [$ns now] puts $f0 "$now [expr $bw0/$time*8]" 23

25 puts $f1 "$now [expr $bw1/$time*8]" $sink0 set bytes_ 0 $sink1 set bytes_ 0 $ns at [expr $now+$time] "record" incr counter } proc finish {} { global ns global f0 f1 nf $ns flush-trace close $f0 close $f1 close $nf puts "xgraph to display the results" exec xgraph ds_2mb ds_3mb -geometry 800x400 & puts "nam running..." exec nam ds2out.nam & exit 0 } $qe1c printpolicytable $qe1c printpolicertable set counter 0 $ns at 0.0 "record" $ns at 0.0 "$cbr0 start" $ns at 0.0 "$cbr1 start" $ns at 20.0 "$qce2 printstats" $ns at 40.0 "$qce2 printstats" $ns at 60.0 "$qce2 printstats" $ns at 80.0 "$qce2 printstats" $ns at $testtime "$cbr0 stop" $ns at $testtime "$cbr1 stop" $ns at [expr $testtime + 1.0] "finish" $ns run 24

26 RSVP $defaultrng seed 1 set ns [new Simulator] $ns color 0 red $ns color 1 blue $ns color 2 green $ns color 46 purple set f0 [open rsvp_2mb w] set f1 [open rsvp_3mb w] set n0 [$ns node] set n1 [$ns node] set n2 [$ns node] set n3 [$ns node] set n4 [$ns node] set n5 [$ns node] # Keep nam trace generation off for now set nf [open rsvp3out.nam w] $ns namtrace-all $nf $ns duplex-rsvp-link $n4 $n3 10Mb 5ms Param Null $ns duplex-rsvp-link $n5 $n3 10Mb 5ms Param Null $ns duplex-rsvp-link $n3 $n2 5Mb 5ms Param Null $ns duplex-rsvp-link $n2 $n1 10Mb 5ms Param Null $ns duplex-rsvp-link $n1 $n0 10Mb 5ms Param Null # Enable upcalls on all nodes Agent/RSVP set noisy_ 255 set rsvp0 [$n0 add-rsvp-agent] set rsvp1 [$n1 add-rsvp-agent] 25

27 set rsvp2 [$n2 add-rsvp-agent] set rsvp3 [$n3 add-rsvp-agent] set rsvp4 [$n4 add-rsvp-agent] set rsvp5 [$n5 add-rsvp-agent] # Create three traffic sources set udp4 [new Agent/UDP] $ns attach-agent $n4 $udp4 $udp4 set packetsize_ 500 $udp4 set fid_ 1 set cbr4 [new Application/Traffic/CBR] $cbr4 set rate_ 3M $cbr4 set random_ 1 $cbr4 set packetsize_ 500 $cbr4 attach-agent $udp4 set udp5 [new Agent/UDP] $ns attach-agent $n5 $udp5 $udp5 set packetsize_ 500 $udp5 set fid_ 1 set cbr5 [new Application/Traffic/CBR] $cbr5 set rate_ 5M $cbr5 set random_ 1 $cbr5 set packetsize_ 500 $cbr5 attach-agent $udp5 # Create three traffic sinks set sink4 [new Agent/LossMonitor] $ns attach-agent $n0 $sink4 set sink5 [new Agent/LossMonitor] $ns attach-agent $n0 $sink5 $ns connect $udp4 $sink4 $ns connect $udp5 $sink5 # Create the same session on all sender nodes $rsvp4 session $n0 1 $rsvp5 session $n0 1 set counter 0 26

28 # Record start $ns at 0.0 "record" $ns at 0.0 "$rsvp4 sender " $ns at 0.0 "$rsvp5 sender " # Perform test reservations $ns at 5.0 "$rsvp2 reserve 0 ff $n4" $ns at 2.0 "$cbr4 start" $ns at 85.0 "$cbr4 stop" $ns at 2.0 "$cbr5 start" $ns at 85.0 "$cbr5 stop" $ns at "finish" proc record {} { global sink4 sink5 ns f0 f1 counter set time 0.5 set bw0 [$sink4 set bytes_] set bw1 [$sink5 set bytes_] set now [$ns now] puts $f0 "$now [expr $bw0/$time*8]" puts $f1 "$now [expr $bw1/$time*8]" $sink4 set bytes_ 0 $sink5 set bytes_ 0 $ns at [expr $now+$time] "record" if { $counter == 10 } { puts "Time: $now" set counter 0 } incr counter } proc finish {} { global ns nf global f0 f1 f $ns flush-trace close $nf close $f0 close $f1 27

29 puts "Done." puts "xgraph to display the results" exec xgraph rsvp_2mb rsvp_3mb -geometry 800x400 & puts "nam running..." exec nam rsvp3out.nam & } exit 0 $ns run 28

30 b NS-2 NS-2 NS-2 NS [3] NS by Example [4] Marc Greis RSVP [5] Marc Greis RSVP NS-2.29 UNIX OS URL RSVP patch on ns mamalik/rsvponns2.html NS-2.27 Gzip $ patch -u -p1 ns-2.27-rsvp.patch1 yes rsvp/rsvp.cc rsvp/rsvp.h rsvp/rsvp-link.h rsvp/rsvp-link.cc rsvp/rsvp-messages.h rsvp/rsvp-messages.cc rsvp/rsvp-objects.h rsvp/rsvp-objects.cc rsvp/wfq.h rsvp/wfq.cc tcl/lib/ns-rsvp.tcl 29

31 tcl/ex/rsvp/rsvp conf.tcl tcl/ex/rsvp/rsvp distinct.tcl tcl/ex/rsvp/rsvp large.tcl tcl/ex/rsvp/rsvp merge.tcl tcl/lib/ns-rsvp.tcl WFQClass set util_check_intv_ 0 WFQClass set util_record_ 0 NS-2 NS-2 FILES Makefile.in common/packet.h makefile.vc tcl/lib/ns-lib.tcl RSVP NS 30

C08.PDF

C08.PDF QoS Diffserv 1999 12 14 Internet Week 99 Internet Week 99 1999 kenjiro Cho, Japan Network Information Center 1 DiffServ DiffServ DiffServ DiffServ 2 DiffServ congestion 90 IP IP 3 QoS 3.1 QoS QoSQuality