3 (R) (G) (B) 3 RGB PCCS 3 CIE XYZ xy CIE LUV CIE LAB srgbhsvyiqycbcr 3.1 3.1.1 3.1
24 3 3.1 3.2 380 nm 780 nm 650 nm 400 nm 3.2 3.1.2 3.3
3.2 25 3.3 3.4 2 LMS 3 3.4 L M L 3.2 PCCS CIE XYZCIE LUVCIE
26 3 LABsRGB 3.2.1 A. H. (Hue) (Value) (Chroma) 3 3 (R) (Y) (G) (B) (P) 5 (YR) (GY) (BG) (PB) (RP) 10 10 10 100 1 10 5 5Y 5PB 3.5 20 G 40 5 10 2.5 7.5 10 0 0 H V C H V/C 5R 3 3.5 20
3.2 27 3.6 5 5R 3/5 3 3 3.6 3.2.2 PCCS (Practical Color Co-ordinate System; PCCS) 3.7 12 3 PCCS 2 3.2.3 3.1.2 LMS 3 3 2 3
28 3 3.7 PCCS 3.8 3.8 3 1 3.2.4 CIE XYZ 3 (Commission Internationale de l Éclairage; CIE) 1931
3.2 29 3.9 CIE RGB 700 nm (R)546.1 nm (G)435.8 nm (B) 3 3.9 700 nm546.1 nm 435.8 nm r(λ)ḡ(λ) b(λ) CIE RGB 580 nm R 0.24 G 0.13B 0 440 nm550 nm r(λ) 700 nm 546.1 nm435.8 nm R G B RGB R X Y Z RGB X Y Z x(λ) = 2.7689 r(λ) + 1.7517ḡ(λ) + 1.1302 b(λ) ȳ(λ) = 1.0000 r(λ) + 4.5907ḡ(λ) + 0.0601 b(λ) z(λ) = 0.0000 r(λ) + 0.0565ḡ(λ) + 5.5943 b(λ) 3.10 x(λ)ȳ(λ) z(λ) P(λ) X Y Z X = Y = 780 380 780 380 P(λ) x(λ) dλ P(λ)ȳ(λ)dλ
main : 2014/9/5(16:29) 30 3 3.10 CIE XYZ Z = 780 380 P(λ) z(λ) dλ X Y Z CIE XYZ X Y Z X x = X + Y + Z Y y = X + Y + Z Z z = X + Y + Z X Y Z x+y +z = 1 x y z x y 2 3.11 xy xy xy 380 nm 780 nm 380 nm 780 nm x = 0.33 y = 0.33 3.2.5 CIE LUV CIE XYZ 3.11 xy CIE
3.2 31 3.11 xy u v xy u v X Y Z u 4x = 2x + 12y + 3 v 9y = 2x + 12y + 3 u 4X = X + 15Y + 3Z v 9Y = X + 15Y + 3Z u v u v 3.12 u v ( ) Y L = 116f 16 Y n u = 13L (u u n) v = 13L (v v n) L u v CIE LUV { t 1/3, t > 0.008856 f(t) = 7.787t + 16/116, t 0.008856 L psychometric lightness Y n u n v n X Y Z
32 3 3.12 u v CIE A X n = 109.85Y n = 100.00Z n = 35.58 D 65 X n = 95.04Y n = 100.00Z n = 108.88 u = v = 0 (u, v ) C uv u h uv C uv = (u ) 2 + (v ) 2 1 v h uv = tan u s uv = C uv L CIE LUV CIE LUV (L 1, u 1, v 1)(L 2, u 2, v 2) 2 E uv = (L 1 L 2 )2 + (u 1 u 2 )2 + (v 1 v 2 )2 CIE LUV 3.2.6 CIE LAB CIE LAB CIE LUV X Y Z ( ) Y L = 116f 16 Y n { ( ) ( )} X Y a = 500 f f X n Y n
3.2 33 { ( ) ( )} Y Z b = 200 f f Y n Z n f(t) 3.2.5 X n Y n Z n X Y Z CIE LUV C ab h ab C ab = (a ) 2 + (b ) 2 1 b h ab = tan a CIE LAB (L 1, a 1, b 1)(L 2, a 2, b 2) 2 E ab = (L 1 L 2 )2 + (a 1 a 2 )2 + (b 1 b 2 )2 3.2.7 srgb CIE XYZ CIE XYZ (International Electrotechnical Commission; IEC) srgb (standard RGB) CIE XYZ srgb R srgb 3.2410 1.5374 0.4986 X G srgb = 0.9692 1.8760 0.0416 Y 0.0556 0.2040 1.0570 Z B srgb R srgb = { (1.0/2.4) 1.055R srgb 0.055, R srgb > 0.00304 12.92R srgb, R srgb 0.00304 G srgb = { 1.055G (1.0/2.4) srgb 0.055, G srgb > 0.00304 12.92G srgb, G srgb 0.00304 B srgb = { 1.055B (1.0/2.4) srgb 0.055, B srgb > 0.00304 12.92B srgb, B srgb 0.00304 255 0 255 8
34 3 3.2.8 (R) (G) (B) RGB (1) HSV/HSL HSV (Hue) (Saturation) (Value), G B 60 Max Min, H = B R 60 Max Min + 120, R G 60 Max Min + 240, 0, Max = 0 S = Max Min, Max 0 Max V = Max Max = max(r, G, B) Min = min(r, G, B) Max = Min Max = R Max = G Max = B H 0 360 360 0 120 240 Max = Min H S RGB 0 1 V RGB 3.13 HSV RGB RGB HSV H HSV V RGB V L = 1 (Max + Min) 2
3.2 35 3.13 HSV RGB HSL L Lightness (2) YIQ/YCbCr YIQ NTSC NTSC Y I Q RGB YIQ Y 0.299 0.587 0.114 R I = 0.596 0.274 0.322 G Q 0.211 0.523 0.312 B I Q NTSC Y I Q Y : I : Q = 4 : 1 : 0.5 YCbCr YIQ DVD YIQ Y YIQ Cb Y B B 0.5 Cr Y R R 0.5 RGB YCbCr Y = 0.299R + 0.587G + 0.114B Cb = (B Y )/1.772 = 0.169R 0.331G + 0.500B Cr = (R Y )/1.402 = 0.500R 0.419G 0.081B
36 3 Y = 0.2126R + 0.7152G + 0.0722B Cb = (B Y )/1.8556 = 0.1146R 0.3854G + 0.5000B Cr = (R Y )/1.5748 = 0.5000R 0.4542G 0.0458B YCbCr Y CbCr (3) RGB CIE XYZ xy RGB rg b RGB R r = R + G + B G g = R + G + B B b = R + G + B r +g + b = 1 r g b rg b 1 2 3 3 PCCS 4 (X, Y, Z) = (20, 30, 50) xy u v 5 CIE LAB (X n, Y n, Z n ) = (95.04, 100.00, 108.88) (X 1, Y 1, Z 1 ) = (30, 50, 60) L a b (X 1, Y 1, Z 1 ) (X 2, Y 2, Z 2 ) = (60, 100, 90) CIE LAB [1] (2004) [2] (2004)
37 [3] (2007) [4] (2007) [5] (2013) [6] Stockman, A. and Sharpe, L. T.: The spectral sensitivities of the middle- and long-wavelength-sensitive cones derived from measurements in observers of known genotype, Vision Research, Vol.40, No.3, pp.1711 1737 (2000)