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Research on Homes for the Aged in China Rural Areas : Based on Examples of City J in Shandong Province Guo Fang With the progress of aging, the elderly people s social welfare services are received by more and more attentions. In rural areas, elderly social welfare services are developing centered in institutional care. This study focuses on current situation and problems of public homes for the elderly in the rural areas and private nursing homes. The author tries to emphasize the importance of the private pension institutions. At the same time, government s financial support is also crucial to meet private pension institutions need. Finally, conclusion is made that due to the elder people s identity and economic problems, not all have the chance to enjoy the pension agency s services. The middle layer of the older people s pension problems become the subject of the future. To solve this problem, government s support and direction is indispensable in improving the private pension institutions. Key words : China, Rural areas, Elderly social welfare services, Public homes for the elderly, Private nursing homes, The middle layer of the older people