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Key word : halcinonide, topical anti-inflammatory steroid, metabolism, autoradio graphy, rat liver, rat skin, perfusion. Biotransformation of Halcinonide, a Systemic Topical Anti-inflammatory Corticosteroid, in Rat. Eiichi" NAKAJIMA, Eiji SHIGEHARA, Masaaki HORIGUCHI Ryozo HAYASHI and Minoru TANAKA Analytical and Metabolic Research Laboratories, SANKYO CO., LTD. Takashi NISHIGAKI Bioscience Research Laboratories, SANKYO CO., LTD. Nobuhiro MIYAKOSHI Laboratory Animal Science & Toxicology Laboratories, SANKYO CO., LTD Summary Percutaneous absorption and metabolism of halcinonide (21-chloro-9a-fluoro 115, 16a, 17a-trihydroxy-4-pregnen-3, 20-dione cyclic-16, 17-acetal), a synthetic topical antiinflammatory corticosteroid, were studied in rats with the use of "C-labeled compounds. Greater parts of the dermally applied radioactivity were retained in the skin as the parent compound and 4.2 to 8.4 % of the dose was excreted into urine and feces within 5 days after application. When 14C-halcinonide was injected intravenously, the parent compound did not occur in urine and bile. However, various kinds of dechlorinated metabolites were found. Cell-free, skin and liver perfusion experiments were carried out to examine the site of metabolism of halcino nide. In contrast to the low metabolic activity seen in the skin, a very rapid detoxification rate in the liver tissue was observed. From these results, it is suggested that halcinonide is metabolized to various kinds of dechlorinated and reduced metabolites, and disappears from the body rapidly after absorption from the skin.

Fig. 1. Schematic Outlook of Skin Perfusion System.

Fig. 2. Chemical Structures of HAL Derivatives.

Table I Urinary and Fecal Excretion of Radio activity after Intravenous Administra tion (5 mg/kg) of 14C-HAL to Rats. * : Mean value±s.e.

Fig. 3. Whole-body Autoradiograms from the Rat at 1 hr after Intravenous Administration of 14C-HAL. Fig. 4. Whole-body Autoradiogram from the Rat at 3 hrs after Intravenous Administration of 14C-HAL.

Fig. 5. Whole-body Autoradiogram fromithe Rat at 24 hrs after Intravenous Administration of 14C-HAL. Fig. 6. Whole-body Autoradiogram from the Rat at 72 hrs after Intravenous Administration of 14C-HAL. Fig. 7. Whole-body Autoradiogram from the Rat at 1 hr after Topical Application of 14C-HAL. A : cream, B : ointment.

Fig. 8. Whole-body Autoradiogram from the Rat at 6 hrs after Topical Application of 14C-HAL-ointment. Fig. 9. Whole-body Autoradiogram from Rats at 24 hrs after Topical Application of 14C-HAL. A : cream, B : ointment.

Fig. 10. Whole-body Autoradiogram from the Rat at 48 hrs after 14C-HAL-cream Applied Topically for 24 hrs. Fig. 11. Contents of Metabolites in Bile after Intravenous Administration of 14C-HAL (A) or 14C-Ml (B) to Rats. Dose : 5 mg/kg, Sampling time : 0-60 min., TLC solvent system : C

Table II Contents of Metabolites in Urine within 24 hrs after Intravenous Administration (5 mg/kg) of 14C-HAL or 14C-Ml to Rats. TLC solvent system : A Fig. 12. Mass Spectra of Metabolites of HAL.

Fig. 13.' Actigram of Metabolites in Skin 2 hrs after Percutaneous Administration of 14C-HAL to the Rat. TLC solvent system : A

Fig. 14. Distribution of Subscapular Artery in the Skin after Perfusion with 0.025 % Trypan Blue.

Fig. 15. Autoradiograms of "C-HAL Metabolites in Prefusate (A) and Tissue (B) from the Skin Perfusion System.

Fig. 16. Actigrams of Metabolites formed after 60 min Incubation of 14C-HAL (A) or 14C-Ml (B) in Liver Homogenate. Fig. 17. HAL and its Metabolites in Perfusate from the Liver Perfusion System after Addition of 14C-HAL.

Fig. 18. Autoradiograms of Metabolites in Pe rfusate of Liver Perfusion System at 45 min after Addition of 14C-Ml (A) or -M 7 (B).

Fig. 19. Tentatively Proposed Metabolic Pothway of HAL in Rats. 1) F.K. Bagatell ; Halcinonide : a new potent topical anti-inflammatory drug. Cutis, IA: 459-462 (1974). 3) P. Egli ; Synthesis of halcinonide-"c, Squibb's report (1979).

6) J. Garb ; Nevus verrucosus unilateris cured with podophyllin ointment. Arch. Dermatol., 81 :606-609 (1960). 9) W. Levin, A.H. Conney, A.P. Alvares, I. Merkatz and A. Kappas ; Induction of benzo (a) pyrene hydroxylase in human skin. Science, 176 : 419-420 (1972). 10) V.H. Price ; Testosterone metabolism in the skin. Arch. Dermatol., 111 : 1496 1502 (1975). 11) A.R. Kjaersgaard ; Perfusion of isolated dog skin. J. Invest. Dermatol., 22 : 135-141 (1954). 12) K.J. Kripalani, A. Zein El-Abdin, A. Dean and A.I. Cohen ; Biotransformation of halcinonide in dog. Pharmacologist, 19 :240 (1977). 13) H.L. Bradlow, B. Zumoff, J. Lee and L. Hellan ; Isolation and identification of four new carboxylic acid metabolites of cortisol in man. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 37 : 811-818 (1973). 14) S. Gordon and J. Morrison ; The metabolic fate of triamcinoline acetonide in laboratory animals. Steroids, 32 : 25-35 (1978).

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