61 SAS SAS LOHAS 18 18 12 01
LOHAS ( ) ( ) LOHAS 29% 35%
LOHAS LOHAS
18 5 20 60 GMO 500
Yes No Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8 Q9 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 Q19 Q20 Q21 Q22 Q23 Q24 LOHAS Q25 LOHAS /
2 LOHAS Q26 LOHAS Q27 Yes 102 35 137 Yes 120 17 137 No 267 96 363 No 309 54 363 LOHAS 27.64% 26.72% 27.40% LOHAS 27.97% 23.94% 27.40% 369 131 500 429 71 500 χ2 0.0416 χ2 0.497 p 0.8385 p 0.4808 LOHAS 20 30 40 50 60 Yes 17 36 19 21 44 137 No 46 101 81 79 56 363 LOHAS 26.98% 26.28% 19.00% 21.00% 44.00% 27.40% 63 137 100 100 100 500 χ2 19.551 p 0.0006 Q28 LOHAS ( ) ( ) Yes 48 30 2 13 9 3 25 7 137 No 128 102 5 38 13 8 53 16 363 LOHAS 27.27% 22.73% 28.57% 25.49% 40.91% 27.27% 32.05% 30.43% 27.40% 176 132 7 51 22 11 78 23 500 χ2 4.5218 p 0.7181 Q29 LOHAS 0 ~300 300 ~500 500 ~800 800 ~1000 1000 Yes 33 9 7 9 79 137 No 84 45 39 24 171 363 LOHAS 28.21% 16.67% 15.22% 27.27% 31.60% 27.40% 117 54 46 33 250 500 χ2 8.8147 p 0.0659 Q30 LOHAS Yes 4 5 72 1 7 33 6 2 7 137 No 17 10 198 18 32 50 15 5 18 363 LOHAS 19.05% 33.33% 26.67% 5.26% 17.95% 39.76% 28.57% 28.57% 28.00% 27.40% 21 15 270 19 39 83 21 7 25 500 χ2 13.9039 p 0.0843 Q31
LOHAS LOHAS 4 1500 LOHAS
LOHAS Factor1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 Factor1 Factor2 Factor3 Factor4 Factor5 Factor5 0.0-0.2-0.4 Factor2 LOHAS LOHAS Factor4 Factor3 2
LOHAS LOHAS LOHAS LOHAS LOHAS
LOHAS
1 i I Q 1 Q 2 Q k Q K-1 Q K
J K I 1 i I Q 1 Q 2 Q k Q K-1 Q K M 1 j Q' 1 Q' 2 : Q' m : 11 i 1 I 1 1j ij Ij J Q' M-1 1J I 1 Q' M
i i Q k P ik =P(Q k =1 i) J K I 1 i I Q 1 Q 2 Q k Q K-1 Q K M 1 j Q' 1 Q' 2 : Q' m : 11 i 1 I 1 1j ij Ij J Q' M-1 1J I 1 Q' M
K M Q01 Q02 Q03 Q04 Q05 Q06 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17 Q18 Q19 Q20 Q07 Q08 Q09 Q10 Q11 Q21 Q22 Q23 Q24
Model ik jm x nk y nm ij i kyes j myes n k Yes 1 0 n m Yes 1 0 i j L = N I J K M xnk 1 xnk θij γ ik (1 γ ik ) n= 1 i= 1 j= 1 k = 1 m= 1 δ y jm nm (1 δ jm ) 1 y nm (2)
Model ( Maximization) log L d = N I J n= 1 i= 1 j= 1 z nij logθ + ij N I J n= 1 i= 1 j= 1 z nij logψ K M x 1 1 nk xnk ynm ynm ψ n ij = ( γ ik )(1 γ ik ) ( δ jm )(1 δ jm) k = 1 m= 1 n ij (3) (4) Z nij n (i,j) z nij (Z Expectation) E[ z nij F] = I θ ψ ij J i= 1 j= 1 n ij θ ψ ij n ij (5)
Model ( Maximization) log L d = N I J n= 1 i= 1 j= 1 z nij logθ + ij M-Step N I J n= 1 i= 1 j= 1 z nij logψ K M x 1 1 nk xnk ynm ynm ψ n ij = ( γ ik )(1 γ ik ) ( δ jm )(1 δ jm) k = 1 m= 1 n ij (3) (4) Z nij n (i,j) EM z nij (Z Expectation) E[ z nij F] = I θ ψ ij J n ij θ ψ E-Step ij n ij i= 1 j= 1 (5)
SAS/OR NLP NLP SAS/OR
SAS/OR NLP /*-------------------------------------------; /* z /*-------------------------------------------*/ %macro z_generate; Z %mend z_generate; /*-------------------------------------------; /* M_ /*-------------------------------------------*/ %macro m_step; Proc NLP Data=data_set TECHNIQUE=NEWRAP outest=outest1 vardef=n cov=2 pcov pstderr; ods output "Resulting Parameters"=est_ds; run; dm "clear output"; /* output */ %mend m_step; /*-------------------------------------------; /* E_ /*-------------------------------------------*/ %macro e_step; z z %mend e_step; /*-------------------------------------------; /* /*-------------------------------------------*/ %Macro Main; /* z */ %z_generate; %Mend; %Main; /* */ %do a=1 %To &xa; %m_step; %e_step; /* z goto */ %if &STOPFLAG=1 %then %do;%goto FINISH;%end; %end; %FINISH:
AIC AIC K (i ) M (j ) AIC 1 2 3 4 1 3414.99 3344.05 3335.29 3351.12 2 3434.69 3307.36 3361.11 3335.13 3 3452.22 3326.18 3280.63 3337.72 4 AIC
θ 11 0.2341 θ 12 0.2302 θ 21 0.2230 θ 22 0.3128 γ11 0.9893 γ21 0.9956 γ12 0.8412 γ22 0.4564 γ13 0.6795 γ23 0.8417 γ14 0.9843 γ24 1.0000 γ15 0.8795 γ25 0.8455 γ16 0.6677 γ26 0.7021 γ17 0.6770 γ27 0.8984 γ18 0.6498 γ28 0.4996 γ19 0.8793 γ29 0.8321 γ110 0.8972 γ210 0.8575 γ111 0.8444 γ211 0.7943 γ112 0.5060 γ212 0.6788 γ113 0.4245 γ213 0.0000 γ114 0.6673 γ214 0.9204 γ115 0.9649 γ215 0.2402 δ11 0.5959 δ21 0.3050 δ12 0.7654 δ22 0.5657 δ13 0.9714 δ23 0.9568 δ14 0.8841 δ24 0.2372 δ15 0.9061 δ25 0.8774 δ16 0.8839 δ26 0.3180 δ17 0.6968 δ27 0.4083 δ18 0.5625 δ28 0.0373 δ19 0.7506 δ29 0.1613
θ 11 0.2341 θ 12 0.2302 θ 21 0.2230 θ 22 0.3128 γ11 0.9893 γ21 0.9956 γ12 0.8412 γ22 0.4564 γ13 0.6795 γ23 0.8417 γ14 0.9843 γ24 1.0000 γ15 0.8795 γ25 0.8455 γ16 0.6677 γ26 0.7021 γ17 0.6770 γ27 0.8984 γ18 0.6498 γ28 0.4996 γ19 0.8793 γ29 0.8321 γ110 0.8972 γ210 0.8575 γ111 0.8444 γ211 0.7943 γ112 0.5060 γ212 0.6788 γ113 0.4245 γ213 0.0000 γ114 0.6673 γ214 0.9204 γ115 0.9649 γ215 0.2402 δ11 0.5959 δ21 0.3050 δ12 0.7654 δ22 0.5657 δ13 0.9714 δ23 0.9568 δ14 0.8841 δ24 0.2372 δ15 0.9061 δ25 0.8774 δ16 0.8839 δ26 0.3180 δ17 0.6968 δ27 0.4083 δ18 0.5625 δ28 0.0373 δ19 0.7506 δ29 0.1613
K M j=1 j=2 i=1 31 35 i=2 29 42 6
Conclusion
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