1
2
CM 1988 J. 99 MIRAB GDP ODA 3
Tuvalu Overview (http://tuvalu.site.ne.jp/about/index.html 12/1/2008) 4
IPCC 2007 20 0.12 0.22 m 21 0.18m 0.59 ( ) 1987 2.4m 1 Amazon.com 1 5
2007/5/28 http://www.kepco.co.jp/pressre/2007/0528-2j.html 12/1/2008 6
1980 2008 1990 2006~2008 30 18 21 2008 11 18 7
ODA ODA 2000 96 表 1-1 日本のODA 実績 支出純額 単位 100 万ドル 暦年 無償協力技術協力政府貸与合計 1978~1996 24.17 5.96 0 30.13 1997 5.74 1.00 0 6.74 1998 0.64 0.41 0 1.05 1999 0.26 0.30 0 0.56 2000 0.09 0.62 0 0.71 2001 3.87 0.67 0 4.54 2002 7.72 0.39 0 8.11 2003 1.85 0.53 0 2.38 2004 0.15 0.89 0 1.04 2005 0.37 0.58 0 0.95 2006 7.59 0.69 0 8.28 累計 52.45 12.04 0 64.49 78-96 平均 1.27 0.31 0.00 1.59 97-99 平均 2.21 0.57 0 2.78 00-02 平均 3.89 0.56 0 4.45 03-06 平均 2.49 0.67 0 3.16 資料 : 外務省 ODA ホームページ 国別地域別データ (http://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/gaiko/oda/index.html) ODA 2006 1 2 8
2005 9 2005 2015 3 H19/2/21 9 2500 2005 EU H17/7/20 ODA ODA 9
ODA 2007 http://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/gaiko/oda/shiryo/kuni/07_databook/index.html 12/1/2008 ODA 2007 http://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/gaiko/oda/shiryo/kuni/07_databook/index.html 12/1/2008 CO2 40kW 10
90 94 COUNTRY-RESIDENCE 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 TOTALS 671 969 862 929 1268 AMERICAS 76 84 164 98 133 NORTHEN AME 76 84 164 98 133 AMERICAS 7 17 21 13 11 USA 69 67 143 85 122 EAST AS/PACI 433 732 472 637 926 NORTHEAST AS 30 37 42 47 85 JAPAN 30 37 42 47 85 AUSTRALASIA 163 194 173 240 383 AUSTRALIA 94 115 100 167 249 NEW ZEALAND 69 79 73 73 134 OT.ASIA/OCEA 240 501 257 350 458 OTH C ASIA 8 25 33 ALL PAC I SLD 232 476 257 350 403 EUROPE 129 142 176 135 294 NORTHERN EUR 51 49 45 59 50 UK 51 49 45 59 50 WESTERN EUR 71 FRANCE 29 GERMANY 42 OTHER EUROPE 78 93 131 76 83 REG.NOT SPEC 33 11 50 59 5 OTHER WORLD 33 11 50 59 5 World Tourism Organization (1995) Yearbook of Tourism Statistics. 11
(http://ccs.cla.kobe-u.ac.jp/ibunka/kyokan/yoshioka/chaptertwo.pdf) 12
1993 40 15 13
Webb 1890 1940 1980 100 14
9 25.9 9,652 2006 4300 1978 90 (www.stat.go.jp/data/sekai/h4.htm 12/1/2008 15
NPO Tuvalu Overview http://www.tuvalu-overview.tv/ 12/1/2008 28.88 km 11,810 1,796 49.24 14.94 AUS$ 1AUS$ 90 13.45 GDP 26 16
(2007) (2005) ( km) 25.9 28.88 ( ) 11,810 1,796 ( ) 3,615 1,119 GDP( $) 14,940,000 ( ) 492400 1 GDP( $) 1,600 ( ) 274.2 (%) 16.6 7.6 (%) 27.2 27.5 (%) 56.2 57.2 ( ) 1,268 32,210 Tuvalu-2008, The World Fact Book http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/tuvalu/index.html 16 http://www.pref.okinawa.jp/toukeika/ctv/2005/ctv2_4.xls 11/19/2008 AUS NZ MIRAB MIRAB Migration Remittance Assistance Bureaucracy 1978 1978 1993 1987 AUS NZ 1998 18 140 US$ 2001 17
25 700 130 TV IT.jp Tuvalu.tv TV TV IT 2000 TV TV 12 5000 US$ 60 1551 US$ 17 3 2000 GDP GDP 1989 CIA 1989 400 AUS$ GDP GNP 2008 GDP 3 1494 AUS$ GDP 1989 450 AUS$ 1600 AUS$ ODA 2 1990 2000 2000 700 AUS$ 2008 1049 AUS$ GDP1494 AUS$ ODA GDP ODA 2 CIA CIA ODA 18
16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 GDP( 百万豪 $) 経済援助 ( 百万豪 $) 1996~2000 2001 2002~2006 2007~2008 ODA 11/19/2008 UNDAF United Nations Development Assistance Framework UNDAF, 2002 2001 2002 3 2002 GDP 27.5 AUS$ ADB 2001 2002 3 ODA UNDAF ODA 19
UNDAF Agency FY 2001 estimated FY 2002 projected Multilateral EU 900 1,300 ADB 2,100 3,400 UNDP 100 75 FFA 100 200 SPREP 200 200 ESCAP 100 10 UNESCO 50 380 UNFPA 100 100 WHO 100 100 SPC 60 50 CFTC 100 0 Forum Secretariat 50 100 Others 60 50 Sub-total of multilateral 4,020 5,965 Bilateral Australia 2,400 2,000 New Zealand 1,900 1,900 Japan 200 25,000 France 100 0 Canada 100 100 ROC 13,909 13,000 India 30 10 USA 50 10 UK 10 1 Others 100 100 Sub-total of bilateral 18,799 42,121 TOTAL (A$ thousands) 22,819 48,086 United Nations (2002) Tuvalu UNDAF (2003--2007). (www.undp.org/execbrd/word/undaf-tuvalu.doc 12/1/2008) Estimate of Overall External Assistance to Tuvalu, National Budget(Tuvalu, 2002) 20
UNDAF EU 教育 水の供給 AUS 資産管理プロジェクト 廃棄物処理プロジェクト 公共部門改革 NZ 医療計画 船員の教育 水路の改良 Taiwan 政府オフィスの建設 奨学金 Japan 病院の再建 Canada 貯水タンクの建設 United Nations (2002) Tuvalu UNDAF (2003--2007). (www.undp.org/execbrd/word/undaf-tuvalu.doc 12/1/2008) 21
ODA 2000 2000 AUS NZ AUS 2002 NZ 75 4 NZ 18--45 NZ ( NZ$28,276 ) Pacific Access Category (PAC) 4 75 1 75 0.75 90 22
2003 21 2006 2007 78 1199 Department of Labor, New Zealand (2008) NZ AUS NZ AUS TV AUS 5 23
1: (Willingness To Accept for compensation;wta) 2: (Willingness To Pay;WTP) (WTA) (WTP) ( NZ etc ) WTA WTP 6 WTP WTA WTP 6 24
WTP NZ NZ GDP ODA TV NZ NZ NZ TV GDP 25
TV ODA ODA ODA ODA ODA 26
ODA ODA ODA (1) (2) (3) (4) 27
NZ NZ NZ (5) (4) WTP TV RW rest of the world S M I I M 28
I S X X=I S -(I M +y TV ) X y TV the rest of the world y M +X RW Tuvalu 29
ODA GDP TV GDP S RW y M ODA 0<y M +X-(I S -I M )=ODA+X-{ODA- (GDP TV GDP S )}=X (GDP TV GDP S ) (GDP TV GDP S )>0 X GDP TV >GDP S GDP TV X GDP S 30
[1] Department of Labor, New Zealand (2008) Trends of Migration Trends 2006/2007, http://www.immigration.govt.nz/nr/rdonlyres/814acad1-743b-4b8e-a4fb-a2b4 92360FFD/0/MigrationTrends200607.pdf 12/6/2008 [2] NPO Tuvalu Overview, http://www.tuvalu-overview.tv/ 12/1/2008 [3] Tuvalu-2008, CIA World Fact Book, http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/tuvalu/index.html 11/19/2008 [4] United Nations (2002) Tuvalu UNDAF (2003--2007), www.undp.org/execbrd/word/undaf-tuvalu.doc 12/1/2008 [5] World Tourism Organization (1995) Yearbook of Tourism Statistics. [6] 16, http://www.pref.okinawa.jp/toukeika/ctv/2005/ctv2_4.xls 11/19/2008 [7] (2007) [8], http://ccs.cla.kobe-u.ac.jp/ibunka/kyokan/yoshioka/chaptertwo.pdf 11/19/2008 [9], http://www.geog.or.jp/journal/back/pdf117-2/p412-423.pdf 11/19/2008 [10] (2008) 31