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JAIS A s the profession of interpreting matures, it becomes important to create shared understandings of what is considered high quality and what is the expected level of ethical behavior. To this end, various types of code of ethics have been developed by various organizations related to this profession. This paper analyses the similarities and differences between codes of ethics in four fields of interpreting, namely, conference interpreting, community interpreting in general, court interpreting and health care interpreting, in order to find out core values on which their respective codes of ethics are grounded. By clarifying such core values, professional responsibilities of each field of interpreting will be clearly defined. This paper concludes with a suggestion that creating shared codes of ethics will pave the way for the enhanced quality of interpreting, especially in legal and medical fields, and official recognition of each field as a profession in a real sense. 1. 1 4 AIIC MIZUNO Makiko, Contents and Philosophy of Codes of Ethics in Conference, Community, Legal and Health Care Interpreting. Interpretation Studies, No. 5, December 2005, Pages 157-172 (c) 2005 by the Japan Association for Interpretation Studies

Interpreting Studies, No. 5: 2005 AUSIT NAJIT NCICH 2. (ethics) NCICH 1) 3. NCICH 2) AUSIT 3) NAJIT 4) 5) 158

4. AIIC 1953 AUSIT NAATI 1986 1978 NAJIT NCICH 2004 7 5 5 NAJIT AUSIT NAATI AIIC 5 4 5. 5.1 4 5.1.1 159

Interpreting Studies, No. 5: 2005 4 2 AIIC AUSIT 2-a-iv AUSIT 6) 5.1.2 1 AIIC (Article 4 a.) (Article 4 b.) (Canon 1) (Canon 2) (Canon 3) NAJIT unobtrusively (Canon 5) 160

5.1.3 AIIC Article 3 a AUSIT Competence 3.b.i Canon 11 AUSIT 3.b.ii Canon 11 AIIC Working Condition 7) 5.2 3 5.2.1 NAJIT 1 AUSIT AUSIT 161

Interpreting Studies, No. 5: 2005 1997 1997 8) 1997 Gonzales et al. 1991 9) 10) 2 11) 162

AIIC Working Condition 8 1 (Article 7 a-h) 5.2.2 163

Interpreting Studies, No. 5: 2005 5.2.3 AUSIT NAJIT NAJIT NAATI 5 12) AIIC 5.2.4 AIIC AUSIT NAJIT 5.2.5 AIIC Article 6 a, b, c AUSIT 8. a, b AUSIT Executive Committee 1 e, i, ii 164

1 5.2.6. anon 12 AUSIT 13) AUSIT 6. 6.1 AIIC AIIC Working Condition Article 7 a-h 165

Interpreting Studies, No. 5: 2005 6.2 AUSIT Employment 6.a 6.b 6.c AIIC Article 3.b 6.3 NAJIT : Canon 6, NAJIT: Canon 8 1 6.4 2 6.4.1 Beneficence (Fidelity) 3 1 5 166

1 2 14) 15) 6.4.2 16) 167

Interpreting Studies, No. 5: 2005 17) 7. 4 1) 2) NAJIT 168

3) AIIC 4) Kelly 2000 18) 169

Interpreting Studies, No. 5: 2005 8. 1 170

(MIZUNO Makiko) 1) A National Code of Ethics for Interpreters in Health Care, 2004, p. 6. 2) A National Code of Ethics for Interpreters in Health Care, 2004, p. 7. 3) Ethics of Translation & Interpretation, 2001, p.3. 4) 5) Code of Ethics and Professional Responsibilities, p. 1. 6) A National Code of Ethics for Interpreters in Health Care, 2004, pp. 10-13. 7) A National Code of Ethics for Interpreters in Health Care, 2004, p. 17. 8) Nancy Nicholson, 1998 p.5 9) Roseann Duenas Gonzalez & Victoria F. Vasquez & Holly Mikkelson, 1991, pp. 475-494. 10) Alicia B. Edwards, 1995, p. 69. 11) A National Code of Ethics for Interpreters in Health Care, 2004, pp. 14-15. 12) 2002 13) A National Code of Ethics for Interpreters in Health Care, 2004, pp. 21-22. 14) A National Code of Ethics for Interpreters in Health Care, 2004, p. 9. 15) 2005 16) A National Code of Ethics for Interpreters in Health Care, 2004, p. 20. 17) A National Code of Ethics for Interpreters in Health Care, 2004, p. 20. 18) Arlene M. Kelly, 2000, pp. 131-148. Abraham, Diana and Oda, Melanie (2000), The Cultural/Community Interpreter in the Domestic Violence Court A pilot Project.. In The Critical Link 2: Interpreters in the Community. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins. de Jongh, Elena M. (1992), An Introduction to Court Interpreting, University Press of America. Edwards, Alicia B. (1995), The Practice of Court Interpreting. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins. Garber, Nathan (2000), Community Interpretation: A Personal View." In The Critical Link 2: 171

Interpreting Studies, No. 5: 2005 Interpreters in the Community. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins. Gonzalez, Roseann Duenas & Vasquez, Victoria F. & Mikkelson, Holly (1991), Fundamentals of Court Interpretation. Carolina Academic Press (2004) LEP 4 Kelly, Arlene M. (2000), Cultural Parameters for Interpreters in the Courtroom. In The Critical Link 2: Interpreters in the Community. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins. Mikkelson, Holly (n.d.) The Art of Working with Interpreters -- Manual for Health Care Professionals. [Online] http://www.acebo.com/papers/artintrp.htm Nicholson, Nancy (1998) No. 11 National Register of Public Service Interpreters Ltd. (2000). Code of Ethics. National Accreditation Authority for Translators & Interpreters Ltd. (2001), Ethics of Translation & Interpretation. Instant Colour Press. The National Council on Interpreting in Health Care (2004), A National Code of Ethics for Interpreters in Health Care. Code of Ethics and Professional Responsibilities. [Online] http://www.najit.org/ethics.html Code of Professional Ethics. [Online] http://www.aiic.net/viewpage.cfm/article24.html Code of Ethics. [Online] http://www.ausit.org/eng/showpage.php3?id=650 172