A0051336
IFAT FLO 2
Made in China 2 3 3
ATOs 560 15 1 1940 NGO Ten Thousand Villages The Mennonite Central Committee 1800 1960 Oxfam 60 3 1969 1964 UNCTAD Trade not Aid 60 70 ATOs NGOBRACPekerti ATOsATOs 70 ATOs 3 1973 3 1974 IFATInternational Federation for Alternative Trade1960 1970 1 1 IFAT A Brief History of the Alternative Trading Movement 4
ATOs ATOs ABAL FAIR TRADE S.I.I. ATOs ATOs TWIN(Third World Information Network) 4 1989 ATOs IFAT (International federation for Alternative Trade)1990 EFTA(the European Fair Trade Association) 5 1970 ATOs 80 ATOs 1988 Max Havelaar Max IFAT http://www.ifat.org/ 2 3 4 NGO Twin Trading CompanyTwinTwin Trading 5 5
Havelaar 1992 1997 FLO(Fairtrade Labelling Organizations Internationals) ATOsATOs 6 7 ATOs 15 3000 3 NEWS! (Network of European World Shops) 8 IFATFLOEFTAFINE 2 90 ATOs 1970 9 6 1 2002 p.7 7 8 1994 13 2,700 9 1980 ATJ 6
5 4 1993 2003 7 22 ATJ(Alter Trade Japan) 7
4 1 2,700 18 43,000 18 5 1% 1% 1000 6 ( 5) 2000 ()Fair Trade in Europe 20012001 15 18 European Fair Trade Association. Fair Trade in Europe 2001. 2001. p.13. 17
( 6) The Big Four 2000 Fair Trade in Europe 20012001 13 19 1960 20 21 NGONGO 2 30 22 23 Tesco CSR; Corporate Social Responsibility 19 Margaret levi, April Linton. Fair Trade: A Cup at a Time?. Politics & Society. Vol 31. 2003. p.419. 20 21 22 EFTA. Fair Trade in Europe. 2001. p.60. 23 Jane Simms. "Fair Chance for Fairtrade". Marketing. 2003. p.24. 18
26 1 2 Cafédirect 33 27 Cafdirect Strategic Development Manager 3 28 Fairtrade Foundation 782002 6300 1 30 24 25 Jane Simms. Fair Chance for Fairtrade?. Marketing. 2003. p. 22. 26 27 Jane Simms. Fair Chance for Fairtrade?. Marke t ing. 2003. p. 23. 28 29 26. 30 Fairtrade Foundation Sales of Fairtrade Products in the UK Fairtrade Foundation http://www.fairtrade.org.uk/ 19
( 7) (million) Fairtrade Foundation Sales of Fairtrade products in the UK ( 8) (million) Fairtrade Foundation Sales of Fairtrade products in the UK 31 12002 Fairtrade Foundation 31 FLO2002 TransfairMax HavelaarFairtrade Foundation 1 2002 2 20
22002 Haworth Fairtrade Village Fairtrade Foundation MORI(Market & Opinion Research International) 2003 5 25%2002 5 1 20% 1 Guarantees a better deal for Third World Producers 33%2002 24% 2001 19% 2002 71%2001 47%2002 2 Fairtrade Foundation Fairtrade Foundation 32 32 Tim Hardford. "Fair Trade Coffee has a commercial blend: Developing Wordl: Big Business poses a challenge to its values". Financial Times. London Edition 1. 2003.p. 21
Fairtrade Foundation Marketing Development Director Fairtrade FoundationTraidcraftCafédirect 33 3 3 70%NGO 283 1.75% 2 3 34 4 15. 33 Tim Hardford. "Fair Trade Coffee has a commercial blend: Developing Wordl: Big Business poses a challenge to its values". Financial Times. London Edition 1. 2003.p. 16. 34 IFAT. 2003 Report on Fair Trade in U.S. Canada & the Pacific Rim. 2003. p.11. 22
22002 IFAT, 2003 Report on Fair Trade in U.S. Canada & the Pacific Rim. p. 11 32002 IFAT, 2003 Report on Fair Trade in U.S. Canada & the Pacific Rim. p. 11 2002 0.01%2003 6% 2% 35 13100 53% Trans fair USA NGO2001 100 120 36 2000 35 Rory Van Loo. "Coming to the grocery shelf: Fair-trade Food". Christian Science Monitor. 2003. p. 14. 36 Trans Fair USA. Fair Trade Coffee: The Time is Now. 2002. p.3. 23
P&G 2001 P&G 1% 1 1.26 37 Global Exchange CEO Transfair USA 2000 10 12 18 Big Four 37 Margaret levi, April Linton. Fair Trade: A Cup at a Time?. Politics & Society. Vol 31. 2003. p.424. 38 Commitment to Origins 39 Margaret levi, April Linton. Fair Trade: A Cup at a Time?. Politics & Society. Vol 31. 2003. p.424. 24
17% 26% 9 ($0.20-0.40/1b) ($0.60/1b) ($0.70/1b) ($3 day) ($0.70/1b) ($0.85/1b) ($1.05/1b) ($4.00-6.00/1b) ($7.00-12.00/1b) () Fair Trade: A Cup at a Time? p.411. What s that in Your Coffee Global Exchange 2001 2-300 2003 8 1 0.56 1 1.26 40 Oxfam International Oxfam International http://www2.odn.ne.jp/oxfam/topics/trade/020919coffee.htm 25
41 42 Gerber Foods 43 PR PR 44 45 Max Havelaar 30% 46 41 Jane Simms. Fair Chance for Fairtrade?. Marketing. 2003. p. 24. 42 43 44 45 46 26
5 1 125 47 45 445 42003 11 2002 NGONPO 2002 47 2002 NGONPO 2002 NGONPO 27
45 10 10 2002 NGONPO 2002 2 10 11 3 ATJ FTCo 2003 10 22 2003 10 29 () 2003 10 31 48 2003 11 4 2003 11 4 48 https://www.charity.ne.jp/charity/ 28
2050 ACCE 49 ATJFTCo ATJ FTCo 49 NGONPO 2002 29
1974 2001 1990 NPO 1990 2000 1986 50 1989 ATJ NPO 5 50 ATJ 30
NGO NPO NPO 2050 NPO NO ACCE 51 NPO NPO 51 http://www.altertrade.co.jp/index-j.htm 31
NPO NPO 2050 NPO NPO NGO ACCE NPO NPO NGO ACCE NPO NGO NPO NGO 8 6 NGO 2 NPO NGO NGO NGO NPO ATJ FTCo NPO NGO NPO 2050 NGO NGO 32
NGO NGO NGO NGO NPO NGO NGO NGO NPO ACCE NPO 33
NPO 4 ATJ2.58 ATJ 1 52 FTCo 15% 53 NPO NPO 2050 NPO 52 7 22 ATJ 53 10 16 FTCo 34
ATJ FTCo NPO NPO FLO NPO ACCE NPO 35
ATJFTCo NGO NPO 36
NPO NPO FLO FLO FLO FLO FLO NPO PR 2 37
10 54 55 54 7 22 55 38
10 39
NGO NGO NGO 40
2050 41
1998 2001 Belinda Coote. The Trade Trap. Oxfam Publications, United Kingdom and Ireland, 1992. European Fair Trade Association. Fair Trade in Europe 2001. 2001. p.1-85. Epik Pransari. "People Need to Know Mre About the Relevance of Fair Trade". Jakarta Post. 2003. p.25-26. Jane Simms. "Fair Chance for Fairtrade". Marketing. 2003. p.22-25. Margaret levi, April Linton. Fair Trade: A Cup at a Time?. Politics & Society. Vol 31. 2003. p.407-432. Tim Hardford. "Fair Trade Coffee has a commercial blend: Developing Wordl: Big Business poses a challenge to its values". Financial Times. London Edition 1. 2003.p. 15-16. Rory Van Loo. "Coming to the grocery shelf: Fair-trade Food". Christian Science Monitor. 2003. p. 13-14. Business Editors. "Advocacy Groups and Shareholders Persuade Procter & Gamble to Offer Fair Trade Coffee". Business Wire. 2003. 2003 Commitment to Origins 2002 42
, Fairtrade Labelling Organizations International. 2003 10 http://www.fairtrade.net/. Fairtrade Foundation 2003 10 http://www.fairtrade.org.uk/ Oxfam. 2003 10 http://www.oxfam.org.uk/ The International Fair Trade Association. 2003 10 http:/www.ifat.org. Transfair Japan 2003 10 http://www.transfair-jp.com/ Transfair USA 2003 10 http://transfairusa.org/ 2003 10 http://transfairusa.org/ 2003 10 http://www.altertrade.co.jp/index-j.htm 2003 10 http://www.angel.ne.jp/~p2aid/ 2003 10 http://www.japanway.or.jp/ 2003 10 http://www.starbucks.com/default.asp?cookie%5ftest=1 2003 10 http://www.shaplaneer.org/ 2003 10 https://www.charity.ne.jp/charity/ 2003 10 http://www5.justnet.ne.jp/~my2maegawa/profile.html 2050 2003 10 http://www.npo2050.org/top/index.html 2003 10 http://www.yk.rim.or.jp/~ngo/ 2003 10 http://www.peace-winds.org/jp/main/index.html 2003 10 http://www.peopletree.co.jp/ 2003 10 http://jp.pg.com/about/sustain.htm 43