-October TPP ASEAN RCEP TPP MV Islamic State, IS EU EU EU EU EU

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1 AIIB BRICS TPP ASEAN ARF

2 -October TPP ASEAN RCEP TPP MV Islamic State, IS EU EU EU EU EU

3 EU EU UK MDGs AIIB BRICS ADB IT

4 -October IoT Internet of Things Wearable AI IoT. GE IIC Finance+Technolpgy

5 STEM Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathmatics IT

6 -October AI IT EU BRICS AIIB BRICS TPP RCEP Asian Network Asian Network AIIB

7 BRICS EU TPP ASEAN AIIB BRICS BRICS AIIB GDP ADB ADB AIIB AIIB ADB ADB

8 -October ADB S P A A

9 BRICS GDP GDP......G. % IMFADB BRICS IMF ADB AIIB... BRICS AIIB BRICS BRICS BRICS

10 -October IMF BRICS BRICS BRICS EU EU EU.

11 AIIB BRICS AIIB ADB AIIB ADB IBRD ADB AIIB ADB AIIB

12 -October ADB TPP ASEAN ARF TPP Trade Promotion Authority,TPA fast track negotiating authority TPP

13 TPP TPP ISDS GDP

14 -October. TPA TPP

15 . TPP GDP IMF TPP FTA EU EPA RCEP FTA EU TTIP FTA TPP

16 -October TPA TPP TPP TPP ASEAN Code of the Conduct of Prties in the South China Sea, COC ASEAN

17 Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea, DOC COC ASEAN ASEAN ARF EU BRICS

18 -October. IT IoT Asian Network

19 The Creation of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) and BRICS Development Bank The year 2015 is the beginning of a new age of international financial institutions. The creation of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) and the BRICS Development Bank is a great challenge for already-established institutions like the IMF, World Bank and Asian Development Bank, and is expected to become a strong rival to them. The Chinese government has been frustrated with what it regards as the slow pace of reforms and governance, and wants greater input in globally established institutions like the IMF, World Bank and Asian Development Bank, which it claims are dominated by American, European and Japanese interests. The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, AIIB, is proposed as an international financial institution that will focus on supporting infrastructure construction in the Asian-Pacific region. The bank was proposed as an initiative by the government of China and is supported by 37 regional and 20 non-regional members Prospective Founding Members. The bank will commence operation after the agreement enters into force, which requires 10 ratifications, holding a total of 50% of the initial subscriptions of the Authorized Capital Stock. AIIB is seen by some as a rival to the IMF, the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank (ADB), which are regarded as being dominated by developed countries like the United States of America. The idea of setting up the bank was proposed by India at the 4th BRICS summit in 2012 and BRICS leaders agreed to set up a Development Bank at the 5th BRICS summit in The BRICS Development Bank is a multilateral development bank operated by the BRICS states, Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa, as an alternative to the existing American and European-dominated World Bank and International Monetary Fund. The goal of the bank is to mobilize resources for infrastructure and sustainable development projects in BRICS and other emerging economies and developing countries. SEKISHITA, Minoru, Professor Emeritus, Ritsumeikan University

伝統的な経済学では、「消費は重要ではあるが、気にしなくてもよい」と考えられてきた

伝統的な経済学では、「消費は重要ではあるが、気にしなくてもよい」と考えられてきた 2005 1 2004 SARS 2003 IMF 2004 5.0 2004 4.1 0.9 30 2005 2004 2005 2005 2005 2004 2005 IMF 2005 4.3 2004 IMF 2004 2003 3.0 4.3 2003 2 2003 2004 IT 2005 IMF 2005 2004 3.5 IT 1995 10 2.8% 10 2 1 IT IT 2004