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s 1 2 50 3 50 3 50 Lajna al Tansl q al Waṫanl li l Difā an al Ḣurrl yāt al Asāsl ya wa Ḣuqūq al Insān 2005 1 17 al Tajammu al Waṫanl al Dl muqrāṫl Lijān Iḣyā al Mujtama al Madanl Muntadā Jamāl al Atāsl li l Ḣiwār al Dl muqrāṫl Jam l ya Ḣuqūq al Insān fl Sūrl ya Lijān al Difā an al Ḣurrl yāt al Dl muqrāṫl ya wa Ḣuqūq al Insān fl Sūriyā al Munażżama al Arabl ya li Ḣuqūq al InsānFar Sūriyā Ḣizb al Amal al Shuyū l *2 3 * * * Lajna al Difā an Ḣuqūq al Mujarradl n min al Jinsl ya 8 a s d f g 1962 h j k Lajna al Tansl q al Waṫanl li l Difā an al Ḣurrl yāt al Asāsl ya wa Ḣuqūq al Insān 2005 al Jabha al Dl muqrāṫl ya al Kurdl ya fl Sūriyā Bera Demokrat a Kurd li Sûriyê BDK 2001 3 25 20

* Muḣammad Nadhl r Muṡṫafā * Khayr al Dl n Ibrāhl m * Azl z Dāwud * al Dl muqrātl 2002 ; Ibrāhl m n.d. Jarl da al Jabha * al Dl muqrātl 2002 al ḣaraka al waṫanl ya al kurdl ya 2003 1 Jarl da al Jabha 2003 8 2003 3 2 3 2 17 * 2 23 2003 12 10 9 2005 1 * al Taḣāluf al Dl muqrāṫl al Kurdl fl Sūrl ya Hevbendiya Demokrat a Kurd li Sûriyê 1992 2 1 Ṡawt al Akrād 2002a * Kamāl Darwl sh Naṡr al Dl n Ibrāhl m * Muḣammad Shaykhmūs Khayr al Dl n Murād * * 94 * Abd al Ḣaml d Darwl sh99 * Akhbār al Sharq 2002= al Tahāluf Ṡawt al Akrād 2002b No.40 2006 21

s Fayṡ al Yūsuf al Majlis al Āmm Lajna al Alāqāt al Waṫanl ya Ismā l l Amw Îsmaîl Emo Zardāsht Muḣammad Lajna al Alāqāt al Kurdl ya Amude.net 2003 Bashshār al Asad 2001 8 3 Ḣizb al Ba th al Arabl al Ishtirākl al Ḣayāt 2001 ; Ḣaml dl 2001 2002 11 22 Amude.net 2002 8 2003 3 2 3 2003 2 6 al Taḣāluf al Dl muqrāṫl al Kurdl fl Sūriyā al Majlis al Āmm 2003 2 17 * 26 2 23 * al Taḣāluf al Dl muqrāṫl al Kurdl fl Sūriyā and al Jabha al Dl muqrāṫl ya al Kurdl ya fl Sūriyā 2003 2003 6 al Taḣāluf al Dl muqrāṫl al Kurdl fl Sūriyā al Lajna al Ulyā 2003 2003 12 10 9 2005 1 * 2002 6 2003 12 22

4 Majmū al Aḣzāb al Kurdl ya fl Sūriyā 2003 * 4 * 4 * * * 112004 5 * * *12 Efrin.net 2004 ; al Ḣayāt 2004 8 2003 3 2 3 2003 2 17 4 Majmū al Aḣzāb al Kurdl ya fl Sūriyā 2003 2 22 23 2004 3 12 Majmū al Aḣzāb al Kurdl ya fl Sūriyā 2004a ; 2004b ; 2004c ; 2004d ; 2004f ; 2004i ; 2004j ; 2004k ; 2004l ; 2004m ; 2004n ; 2004o ; 2004p ; 2004q ; 2004s 3 21 Majmū al Aḣzāb al Kurdl ya fl Sūriyā 2004e ; 2004g ; 2004h 2004 6 al Qiyāda al Quṫrl ya Majmū No.40 2006 23

s al Aḣzāb al Kurdl ya f l Sūriyā 2004r al Taḣāluf al Dl muqrāṫl al Sūrl 2003 10 * 3 11 DC Farl d al Ghādirl Ḣizb al Iṡlāḣ al Sūrl al Ḣaraka al Āshū rl ya al Sūrl ya * * Ḣizb al Ḣadātha wa al Dl muqrāṫl ya li Sūrl ya 14NGO http://www.reformsyria. org/misc/sdc.htm 2003 11 2003 11 1718 1 the ruler the spoiler 3 the third alternative http:// www.reformsyria.org/rps%20events/the_third_alte rnative.htm 2003 11 2004 2 al Tayyār al Waṫanl al Ḣurr 11 6 23 363 2004 2 11 A B C D 2005, 5 6 2004 2004 1 1819 2 al Majlis al Waṫanl li l Ḣaql qa wa al Adāla wa al MuṡālaḣaNizār Nayyūf Akhbār al Sharq 2004a ; al Majlis al Waṫanl li l Ḣaql qa wa al Adāla wa al Muṡālaḣa fl Sūrl ya 2004 2004 2 1 2 24

Ḣizb al Ḣadātha wa al Dl muqrāṫl ya li Sūrl ya 2004 2 4 Akhbār al Sharq 2004b fl AlmāniyāAkhbār al Sharq 2003b ; 2003c ; Bārtl Dl muqrāṫl Kurdistānl Sūriyā 2003b * Bārtl Dl muqrāṫl Kurdistānl Sūriyā 2003a ; Ḣizb Yakl tl al Kurdl fl Sūriyā Lajna Tanżl m Ūrūbbā 2003 2003 10 5 6 3 al Taḣāluf min ajl Sūrl ya Dl muqrāṫl ya 200311 * al Taḣāluf min ajl Sūrl ya Dl muqrāṫl ya 2003 * a s d al Ḣizb al Dl muqrāṫl al Kurdistānl Sūriyā 2003 2003 6 16 Tawfl q Ḣamdūsh Ḣusayn Sa dū Hans Branscheidt al Taḣāluf min ajl Irāq Dl muqrāṫl Lajna Taḣḋl rl ya li Tanfl dh al Mashrū 8 2 Markaz al Dirāsāt al Kurdl ya 2 3 14 t a 8 6 2 s 13 No.40 2006 25

s a b c 7 8 6 6 1 8 4 2 10 12 4 2 a b c d* * 12 f 10 26

2005 2 14 Rafl q al Ḣarl rl 2005 Ḣizb Āzādl al Kurdl fl Sūrl ya Tayyār al Mustaqbal al Kurdl fl Sūrl ya 2004 12 41 2006 7 39 2005 7 w al Ḣizb al Dl muqrāṫl al Ijtimā l al Sūrl Ḣizb al Sha b al Dl muqrāṫl al Sūrl 1 Ramaḋān n.d. 1982 2 Bashshār al Aml n Aḣmad Dirghām Muḣammad Sa l d Bakhl tān 3 2003 6 4 al Ḣizb al Sūrl al Qawml al Ijtimā l Iṡām al Maḣāyirl 2004 1 al Tajammu min ajl al Waḣda wa al Dl muqrāṫl ya 2004 7 Akhbār al Sharq 2003a ; al Tajammu min ajl al Dl muqrāṫl ya wa al Waḣda Qiyāda and al Taḣāluf al Dl muqrāṫl al Kurdl fl Sūriyā al Lajna al Ulyā 2004 4 al Ḣizb al Shuyū l al Sūrl Yūsuf Fayṡal Wiṡāl Farḣa al Lajna al Waṫanl ya li Waḣda al Shuyū l yl n al Sūrl yl n 2005. 2003 3 2004 8 38 1 2 18. Akhbār al Sharq http://www.thisissyria.net 2002. Ḣizb Kurdl Yunażżim Nadwa f l Dimashq an Waḋ al Akrād fl Sūrl ya, October 2. 2003a. Liqā bayna Wafdayn Ḣizbl yayn Kurdl wa Qawml Sūrl fl Dimashq, June 12. 2003b. Ḣizbān Kurdl yān Yad uwān ilā Iqāma No.40 2006 27

s al Taḣāluf min ajl Sūrl ya Dl muqrāṫl ya, June 16. 2003c. al Taḣāluf min ajl Sūrl ya Dl muqrāṫl ya Yu akkid anna hu Mujarrad Mubādara li Tawḣl d al Juhūd, September 6. 2004a. Ikhtitām Mu tamar li l Mu āraḋa al Sūrl ya fl Burūksil wa Nayyūf Yansaḣib min hu wa Yuhājim hu, January 20. 2004b. Inqilāb fl al Taḣāluf al Dl muqrāṫl al Sūrl Yuṫl ḣ bi Ḣizb al Iṡlāḣ al Sūrl, April 12. Amude.net http://www.amude.net 2002. Li Awwal Marra al Taḣāluf al Dl muqrāṫl al Kurdl fl Sūriyā Yad ū ilā Ṫāwila Mustadl ra li l Ḣiwār ḣawla al Mas ala al Kurdl ya al Sūrl ya fl Iṫār Ta zl z al Waḣda al Waṫanl ya, November 25. 2003. Qā ima Kurdl ya Muwaḣḣada fl al Intikhābāt al Qādima wa Bayān Mushtarak, February 18. As l d, Shākir 2002. al Barlamān al Sūrl fl Tatawwur hu al Tārl khl 1919 2001. Damascus : Dār al Madā li l Thaqāfa wa al Nashr. Bārtl Dl muqrāṫl Kurdistānl Sūriyā 2003a. Bārtl Dl muqrāṫl Kurdistānl Sūriyā Yuql m Nadwa fl 23/8/2003 bi Madl na Būn al Almānl ya ḣawla al Taḣāluf min ajl Sūrl ya Dl muqrāṫl ya, August 23. 2003b. Ḣawla al Taḣ āluf min ajl Sūrl ya Dl muqrāṫl ya : Taqrl r, August 30. al Dl muqrātl http://kurdmerd.tripod.com 2002. al Jabha al Dl muqrāṫl ya al Kurdl ya Yuḣayyl Dhikrā Ml lād Awwal Tanżl m Siyāsl Kurdl fl Sūriyā, No. 343 June. Efrin.net http://www.efrin.net 2004. Majmū al Aḣzāb al Kurdl ya Yaḋumm 12 Ḣizban Jaml hā Waqqa at alā Bayān bi Rafḋ Qarār al Sulṫa bi Ḣażr Nashāṫ hā : Taṡḣl ḣ li mā Nashar hu Mawqi Īlāf, June 17. Ḣaml dl, Ibrāhl m 2001. Dimashq Tushakkik bi Tawql t Taḣarruk Shakhṡl yāt wa Aḣzāb Kurdl ya. al Ḣayāt, August 27. al Ḣayāt 2001. Ḣizb Sūrl Kurdl Yuraḣḣib bi Liqā al Taḣāluf ma a Qiyāda al Ba th, August 26. 2004. 11 Ḣizban Kurdl yan Tunāshid Akrād Ūrūbbā Adam al Mass bi al Rumūz al Waṫanl ya, March 22. al Ḣizb al Dl muqrāṫl al Kurdistānl Sūriyā 2003. Da wa li Iqāma Taḣāluf min ajl Sūrl ya Dl muqrāṫl ya, May 1. Ḣizb al Ḣadātha wa al Dl muqrāṫl ya li Sūrl ya 2004. Bayān Insiḣāb Ḣizb al Ḣadātha wa al Dl muqrāṫl ya li Sūrl ya min al Taḣāluf al Dl muqrāṫl al Sūrl, February 9. Ḣizb Yakl tl al Kurdl fl Sūriyā Lajna Tanżl m Ūrūbbā 2003. Fūji nā bi al Balāgh an Taḣāluf min ajl Sūrl ya Dl muqrāṫl ya, June 21. Ibrāhl m, Ibrāhl m n.d. Akrād Sūriyā : Wujūd Fi ll wa Ḣaql qa Tārl khl ya. Efrin.net. Jarl da al Jabha 2003. Intikhābāt Majlis al Sha b li l Dawr al Tashrl l al Thāmin, January. Lajna al Tansl q al Waṫanl li l Difā an al Ḣurrl yāt al Asāsl ya wa Ḣuqūq al Insān 2005. Bayān bi Ta sl s Lajna al Tansl q al Waṫanl li l Difā an al Ḣurrl yāt al Asāsl ya wa Ḣuqūq al Insān, January 17. al Majlis al Waṫ anl li l Ḣaql qa wa al Adāla wa al Muṡālaḣafl Sūrl ya 2004. Tawḋl ḣ, February 15. Majmū al Aḣzāb al Kurdl ya fl Sūriyā 2003. Bayān ilā al Jamāhl r al Waṫanl ya al Dl muqrāṫl ya, February 17. 2004a. Bayān, March 12. 2004b. Nidā, March 13. 2004c. Siyāda al Ra l s al Duktūr Bashshār al Asad, March 15. 2004d. Taṡrl ḣ Ṡādir an Ijtimā Qiyāda Majmū al Aḣzāb al Kurdl ya fl Sūriyā, March 15. 2004e. Bayān bi Munāsaba Nūrūz, March 17. 2004f. Bayān ilā al Ra y al Āmm, March 18. 2004g. Ta ml m, March 19. 2004h. Taṡrl ḣ Ṡādir an Ijtimā al Aḣzāb al Kurdl ya, March 19. 2004i. Taṡrl ḣ, March 20. 2004j. Taṡrl ḣ Ṡādir an Ijtimā al Aḣzāb al Kurdl ya, March 22. 2004k. Bayān ilā al Ra y al Āmm, March 23. 2004l. Bayān ilā al Ra y al Āmm, March 24. 2004m. Taṡrl ḣ, March 25. 2004n. Taṡrl ḣ Majm ū al Aḣzāb al Kurdl ya fl Sūriyā, March 30. 2004o. Taṡrl ḣ, April 2. 2004p. Taṡrl ḣ, April 9. 28

2004q. Taṡrl ḣ Majmū al Aḣzāb al Kurdl ya fl Sūriyā, June. 2004r. Taṡrl ḣ Ṡādir an Ijtimā Majmū al Aḣzāb al Kurdl ya fl Sūriyā, June. 2004s. Taṡrl ḣ, July 29. Ramaḋān, Ribhān n.d. Sha b Mansl wa Dustūr Ghā ib Qirā a fl al Mas ala al Kurdl ya fl Sūrl ya. Muqārabāt, No. 1. Sawt al Akrād : Dengê Kurd 2002a. Fl al Dhikrā al Sanawl ya al Āshira li Binā al Taḣāluf al Dl muqrāṫl al Kurdl fl Sūriyā, No. 327 January : 1, 7. 2002b. al Taḣāluf... wa Binā al Khiṫāb al Siyāsl al Kurdl, No. 336 October : 1, 7. al Taḣāluf al Dl muqrāṫl al Kurdl fl Sūriyā al Lajna al Ulyā 2003. Bayān, May 31. al Taḣāluf al Dl muqrāṫl al Kurdl fl Sūriyā al Majlis al Āmm 2003. Bayān bi Munāsaba Intikhābāt Majlis al Sha b, February 6. al Taḣāluf al Dl muqrāṫl al Kurdl fl Sūriyā and al Jabha al Dl muqrāṫl ya al Kurdl ya fl Sūriyā 2003. Balāgh Ṡādir an al Ijtimā al Mushtarak bayna Qiyādatay al Jabha al Dl muqrāṫl ya al Kurdl ya fl Sūriyā wa al Taḣāluf al Dl muqrāṫl al Kurdl ya fl Sūriyā, February 23. al Taḣāluf min ajl Sūrl ya Dl muqrāṫl ya 2003. al Bayān al Khitāml li l Ijtimā al Thālith li l Taḣāluf min ajl Sūrl ya Dl muqrāṫl ya, October 4 5. al Tajammu min ajl al Dl muqrāṫl ya wa al Waḣda Qiyāda and al Taḣāluf al Dl muqrāṫl al Kurdl fl Sūriyā al Lajna al Ulyā 2004. Bayān Ṡ ādir an Ijtimā Qiyāda al Tajammu min ajl al Dl muqrāṫl ya wa al Waḣda wa al Lajna al Ulyā li l Taḣāluf al Dl muqrāṫl al Kurdl fl Sūriyā, January 25. 62, 73 76 62, 75 59 60, 61, 64, 77 58, 61, 64, 66, 71 ;,,, 80 59 76 64, 73 59 59 73, 80 ; 66, 67 59 59 58-60, 64, 67-73 ; -, 59 59 59 59 59 ; 59 80 66, 67, 72, 79, 80 65 59 80 59, 62, 75, 79, 80 ;,,, 59, 63, 69, 80 ;, 80 59 66, 67, 79 70 75, 76, 78, 80 ; 70, 77 80 71 No.40 2006 29

s 70, 79 80 59, 68, 72 ; - 59, 79 ; 63, 66, 75, 78, 79 65 PUK61, 76, 77 63, 64 KADEK64, 78 63, 64 62, 64, 73 KDP61, 68, 73, 74, 76, 77 PKK61, 64, 70, 77, 80 59, 63-65 ;,, 59, 62, 65, 74 ; -, 59, 79, 80 ; 59 59, 79 ;, 64 80 66, 67, 79 68, 73, 74 65 ; 63, 69, 70, 77, 80 62, 74 78 68, 80 68, 69, 73, 74 77 70 79 59, 67 59, 79, 80 ; 80 62, 69 ; 66 59, 79 ; 72, 73 59 ;, 59 ;, 59 ; 59, 71, 73 ; 59 ;, 60, 70, 72, 73 59, 63, 65, 67 ; - 63, 66 59, 63, 66, 67, 72, 75, 77-80 ;, - 63, 68 59, 62, 68, 70, 80 ;, 59, 62, 63, 68-70, 72, 74-80 ; -,, 63, 69-71 59, 62, 68, 70, 72, 74, 77, 80 ; -, 59, 63, 66, 69, 71-73, 77-80 ; -,, 62, 64, 73, 75 59, 67-69, 71, 75 ; -,, 59, 60, 62, 68-69, 73-75, 77, 78 ;,,, 59, 63, 69, 75, 76, 78-80 ; -, 59, 65, 67, 69, 71, 72, 75, 76, 79, 80 ; -,, 63, 66, 69, 72, 75, 77, 78 79 63, 77 59 59, 79, 80 ; 79 79 59, 67, 72, 76 ; - 63, 77 30

59, 79, 80 ; 59, 65, 67 ;, 59, 63, 77, 80 ;,, 59 ; 59, 73, 78 58, 59, 72 78 59, 62, 68, 70, 71, 79, 80 ;, 73 66 59 59, 62, 68, 70-74, 77, 79, 80 ; -,, 62, 73, 75, 77-79 ;, 62, 69 63, 66, 69, 72, 75, 77, 78 59 59 59 ; 69, 71, 75, 76, 80 77 73 65 74, 77 77 76, 80 63, 69, 70, 72, 80 65 ; 70 67, 80 80 79 78 59 ; 63, 69 80 59 ; 80 59, 67, 78, 81 81 60, 63, 78 59 ; 74 80 62, 65, 74 65, 67 ;, 63, 69 69, 80 72 71 77 59, 62, 75 ;, 78 76 ;, 67 76 59, 62, 69, 76, 79 ; -,, 66 = 66, 80 62, 75 No.40 2006 31