Effect of Autofrettage on Fatigue Crack Growth Rate for High Pressure Reactors For high pressure reactor vessels such as for polyethylene production,

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Effect of Autofrettage on Fatigue Crack Growth Rate for High Pressure Reactors For high pressure reactor vessels such as for polyethylene production, autof rettage is used extensively to have the fatigue life elongated. In this study, to evaluate the material degradation based on the autof rettaged strain, the repeated internal pressure fatigue tests were conducted using the actual reactors, where the effect of autof rettage on the fatigue crack growth rate was investigated. (1) Fatigue crack growth rate of the autof rettaged cylinder is smaller than that of the non-autof rettaged one, especially near the bore surface. (2) Autof rettaged stain near the bore surface does not affect the material degradation, which means that the delay of fatigue crack growth rate is mainly caused by the highly compressive residual stress at the bore surface. (3) The stress intensity factor expression of an autof rettaged thick cylinder was developed successfully which is based on the use of the effective stress intensity factor, Kef, f, considering the highly compressive residual stress.

Fig. 1 Configuration of specimens used for repeated internal pressure tests. Table 1 Chemical compositions of the material used for repeated internal pressure tests. Table 2 Mechanical properties of the material used for repeated internal pressure tests.

Fig. 2 Residual stress distribution measured by Sachs' method for the autofrettaged cylinders. Table 3 Chemical compositions of the material with prestrain used for fatigue crack growth rate. Table 4 Mechanical properties of the as-received material before prestrain used for fatigue crack growth rate.

38 Fig. 3 超高圧容器の疲労き裂進展速度 におよぼす 自緊の影響 Configuration of the for prestraining す る よ うに 配 慮 し,Fig.3の した ここ で,予 3%/min.で 5T-CT試 tensile specimen used of 0.5 T - CT specimens. ご と く試 験 片 を採 取 ひず み加 工時 のひ ず み速度 は あ る 疲 労 き裂 進 展 速 度 試 験 に は0. Fig. 4 験 片 を 用 い,き 裂 長 さ と試 験 片 幅 の比 a/ω が0.35か Relationship between pressure and fatigue Change of crack repeated internal life of all test cylinders. ら0.75の 範 囲 で,コ ンプ ラ イ ア ン ス法 を用 い て き裂 進 展 速 度 の測 定 を行 な った 3.試 3.1内 験 結 果お よび考 察 圧疲 労 強度 とき裂 進 展 挙 動 Fig.4は 実 体 お よび 小 形 試 験 片 に よ って 得 られ た 内圧 と疲 労 寿 命 の 関 係 を示 した もの で あ る 図 中 に は 自緊 処 理 を 施 して な い処 女 円筒 試 験 片 の結 果 も示 して あ るが,自 緊 円 筒 の疲 労 寿 命 は 明 らか に 処 女 円筒 に 比 べ て 大 き く,そ の 傾 向 は 内圧 が 小 さ くな るに つ れ て 著 し くな って い る.こ の よ うな 自緊 処 理 に よ る疲 労 寿 命 の 向 上 は,通 常 の 切 欠 を 付 さな い平 滑 円 筒 で の結 果4)5)よりも顕 著 で あ る Fig.5は 実 体 試 験 片 に 観 察 され た ビーチ マ ー ク を も と に得 られ た き裂 深 さ αと き裂 長 さ2Cの 関 係 で あ る 処 女 円筒 の ア スペ ク ト比a/2Cは 外 表 面(き 裂 深 さで40mm)付 近 まで0.45と 一 定 の Fig. 5 cylinders during configuration of large test the test. 値 を示 し,疲 労 き裂 は一 様 な 形 状 を 保 って 進 展 し し数 の 関 係 を示 した もの で あ る き裂 深 さ が小 さ て い る こ とがわ か る 一 方,自 緊 円筒 の ア スペ ク い 疲 労 き裂 の進 展 の 初期 段 階 に お い て は,自 緊 円 ト比 は,深 さ約15mmま 筒 の き裂 の 進 展 は 処 女 円筒 に 比 べ て 著 し く遅 く 応 力 の た た にa/2C=0.5と で 内表 面 の高 い圧 縮 残 留 半 円 の形 で進展 し て い る しか し,き 裂 深 さが15mm以 い に処 女 円筒 の き裂 形 状a/2C=0.45に 上 で は しだ 近づ く 傾 向 を示 して い る Fig.6は 38 自緊 円筒 と処 女 円 筒 の き裂 深 さ と繰 返 な って い る Fig.7は 疲 労 き裂 進 展 速 度 に お よ ぼ す 自緊 の影 響 を 調 べ るた た に,Fig.6の き裂 深 さ と繰 返 し数 の 関 係 か ら,疲 労 き裂 進 展 速 度da/ dlvを 求 た,き 裂 深 さaと の関 係 で 示 した もの で あ る 自緊 円筒 の 内表 面 近傍 の疲 労 き 裂進 展速 度 圧力技術 第26巻 第1号

Fig. 6 Relationship between crack depth and number of cycles for large test cylinder. Fig. 7 Relationship between fatigue crack growth rate da/dn and crack depth for large test cylinders.

Fig. 8 Comparison between calculated stress intensity factor solution and experimental results for thick-wall cylinder(wall ratio r2/r1=2.3).

Fig. 13 Fatigue crack growth rate obtained using the CT specimens with prestrain of 0, 4.0 and 6.0 percent.

(1)T. E. Davidson et al., Case Studies in Fract. Mech., AMMRC. (2)H.Ford et al., 72nd National Meeting of AICE (1972).