研究ノート コロケーションを活用した パターンプラクティス作成と授業計画 鎌倉義士 要旨 Keywords: collocation Oxford collocations dictionary for students of English 121
No. 32 1. コロケーションとは何か 2006 Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner s English Dictionary 2009 122
influence influence influence have an influence a considerable influence deeply influence exert an influence a great influence profoundly influence exercise an influence a major influence greatly influence use one s influence a strong influence heavily influence extend one s influence a direct influence strongly influence increase one s influence undue influence directly influence show the influence political influence 2012 347 1 influence have, exert, exercise considerable, great, major influence deeply, profoundly, greatly influence on over influence He was deeply influenced by his university professor. British and American pop music was heavily influenced by the Beatles. interested interesting interested in interesting to be interested in interested interesting KWIC interested interesting 123
愛知大学 図１ 言語と文化 No. 32 interested の KWIC コンコーダンス BNC interested in と い う コ ロ ケ ー シ ョ ン が 多 数 を 占 め て い る の は 事 実 で あ る が specially interested in, particularly interested in と い う 副 詞 interested の コ ロ ケ ー シ ョ ン や people interested in all areas of film という過去分詞による後置修飾のコロケーションの例が見つか る 中級以上の学生にはこのような柔軟度をもったコロケーションの例を提示することで より豊かな表現ができるようになるだろう シンクレアー J. Sinclair 1991 はイディオム プリンシパル idiom principle という概 念を用いて コロケーションから成る句の内部構造が変化に富むことを説明している 固定 化された句を使用するだけでなく 副詞を使った語彙的コロケーションや過去分詞による文 法的コロケーションを紹介することで 学習者は句の柔軟性を学ぶことができる 図２ interesting の KWIC コンコーダンス BNC 124
interesting interesting to it is very interesting to see It is interesting to note it is interesting to an interesting fact an interesting discussion an interesting interesting 2. コロケーションの教室活動への活用 2 1 hear listen hear listen hear listen to TOP 5 TOP 5 voice music sound report word radio news story story word 2006 63 2 word story hear voice, sound, news listen to music, report, radio hear listen to hear listen to 125
No. 32 1 hear listen to hear listen to voice, sound, news, music, report, radio, word, story see, look at, watch see look at watch TOP 5 TOP 5 TOP 5 page watch television chapter picture video figure face film table problem space reason book scheme 2006 105 see page, chapter, figure look at watch, picture, book watch television, video, film 2 see, look at, watch see look at watch page, chapter, figure, watch, picture, book, television, video, film 2006 DDL Data-Driven Learning, T. Jones 1994 126
2 2 offer He was offering cards to those who passed by. CROWN p.141 offer as G4 to say that you are willing to do something for somebody or give something to somebody Oxford Advanced Learner s Dictionary OUP give offer Oxford collocations dictionary for students of English offer generously, kindly, helpfully generously offer, kindly offer, helpfully offer offer offer offer 127
No. 32 4 offer 1 5 5 1 1 5 5 1 offer service, help, opportunity BNC service 3 offer one s service to 128
offer make an offer a generous offer consider an offer a job offer receive an offer a good offer accept an offer a special offer take up an offer refuse an offer decline an offer turn down an offer reject an offer withdraw an offer 2012 347 offer 2008 offer offer offer generously offer generous offer offer an 4 3 the offer the offer 6 the an R1, right 1 of, for, from, in, at to offer offer the a the 129
No. 32 offer be able/unable to, can/ could, be pleased to, would like to offer service, help, opportunity a the generously, kindly, helpfully be able/unable to generously a service can/could kindly an help offer be pleased to helpfully the opportunity would like to 3. 会話練習でのパタンプラクティス 2 130
TOP 10 See you later. Bye. Bye bye. Take care Have a nice day. Good bye. Take it easy. So long. Have a good one. Have a good day. 2006 134 3 1 2006 BNC 8 Bye See you 131
No. 32 3 2 Can I? Can you? Can I? Can you? Can I? Can you? TOP 10 TOP 10 have see do tell say do ask get help remember get imagine go give come be make think take say 2006 90 Can I? Can you? Can I have a look? Can I make a point? Can I take a break? Can you see? Can you tell? Can you imagine? Can I? Can you? 132
3 3 10 I m TOP 10 sure sorry afraid glad surprised happy concerned able pleased delighted 2006 76 that it is true. I m + 4. 読書案内 2006. BNC 133
No. 32 2012. McIntosh, C. et al. eds.. 2009. Oxford collocations dictionary for students of English, 2 nd edition Oxford: Oxford University Press Collins Cobuild. 2006. Collins Cobuild Advanced Learner s English Dictionary 5 th edition Glasgow: Collins Cobuild 参考文献 Collins Cobuild. 2006. Collins Cobuild Advanced Learner s English Dictionary 5 th edition Glasgow: Collins Cobuild 2009. Johns, T., 1994. From printout to handout: Grammar and vocabulary teaching in the context of Data-driven Learning in Perspectives on pedagogical grammar, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2006. 2012. 4 McIntosh, C., Francis, B., and Poole, R. eds.. 2009. Oxford collocations dictionary for students of English, 2 nd edition Oxford: Oxford University Press Sinclair, J. 1991. Corpus, Concordance, Collocation Oxford: Oxford University Press 2009. 2006. 2012 2011 CROWN English Writing New Edition 134